Explanation:
The exoskeleton and molting
The success of arthropods derives in large part from the evolution of their unique, nonliving, organic, jointed exoskeleton (see figure), which not only functions in support but also provides protection and, with the muscle system, contributes to efficient locomotion. The exoskeleton is composed of a thin, outer protein layer, the epicuticle, and a thick, inner, chitin–protein layer, the procuticle. In most terrestrial arthropods, such as insects and spiders, the epicuticle contains waxes that aid in reducing evaporative water loss. The procuticle consists of an outer exocuticle and an inner endocuticle. In the exocuticle there is cross-bonding of the chitin–protein chains (tanning), which provides additional strength to the skeletal material. The hardness of various parts of the exoskeleton in different arthropods is related to the thickness and degree of tanning of the exocuticle. In crustaceans, additional rigidity is achieved by having the exoskeleton impregnated with varying amounts of calcium carbonate.
arthropod integument
arthropod integument
Diagrammatic section through the arthropod integument.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The formation of an exoskeleton required the simultaneous solution of two functional problems in the evolution of arthropods: If the animal is encased in a rigid covering, how can it grow and how can it move? The problem of growth is solved in arthropods by molting, or ecdysis, the periodic shedding of the old exoskeleton. The underlying cells release enzymes that digest the base of the old exoskeleton (much of the endocuticle) and then secrete a new exoskeleton beneath the old one. At the time of actual shedding, the old skeleton splits along specific lines characteristic of the group, and the animal pulls out of the old skeleton as from a suit of clothes. The old skeleton is usually abandoned but in some species is eaten. The new exoskeleton, which is soft and flexible, is then stretched by localized, elevated blood pressure augmented by the intake of water or air. Hardening occurs by stretching and especially by tanning within a number of hours of molting. In crustaceans, calcium carbonate is deposited into the new procuticle. (Soft-shell crabs are simply newly molted crabs.) Additional endocuticle may be added to the exoskeleton for some days or weeks following molting.
molting
molting
Grasshopper shedding its exoskeleton.
© Cathy Keifer/Dreamstime.com
Molting is under hormonal control, and there is a long preparatory phase that precedes the process. The steroid hormone ecdysone, secreted by specific endocrine centres and circulated in the blood, is the direct initiator of molting. The actual timing of a molt, however, is regulated by other hormones and commonly by environmental factors. The interval between molts is called an instar. Because of the frequency of molts, instars are short early in life but grow longer with increasing age. Some arthropods, such as most spiders and insects, stop molting when they reach sexual maturity; others, like lobsters and crabs, molt throughout their lives. Most of the larger spiders of temperate regions, for example, molt about 10 times before reaching sexual maturity. As a result of molting, the length and volume of an arthropod display steplike increases over the life span, but internal tissue growth is continual as in other animals.
Loss of a limb is a common hazard in the life of many arthropods. Indeed, some arthropods, such as crabs, are capable of amputating an appendage if it is seized by a predator. The limb is then regenerated from a small, nipplelike rudiment formed at the site of the lost limb. The new limb develops beneath the old exoskeleton during the premolt period and then appears when the animal molts.
Answer:
Three layers
Explanation:
Outer= Composed of proteins and lipids. Repels water and prevents desiccation in terrestrial places.
Middler=Provides primary protection
Inner=Flexibke at joints, muscles attach here.
PLSSSS HELP!!! 25 POINTS + BRAINLY
Answer:
#3
Explanation:
The nucleotide insertion changes the reading frame, causing all kinds of problems. Almost none of the codons will code for the same amino acid.
If red fur is dominant to brown fur, what are the genotypes for each of the following?
red fur
red fur
brown fur
Answer:
1. RR
2.Rr
3.rr
Explanation:
as long as there is one dominant the fur will be red
R= Red
r= brown
Answer:
What the other person said
Explanation:
Compare and contrast adaptations displayed by animals and plants that enable them to survive in different environments
Answer:
All organisms need to adapt to their habitat to be able to survive. This means adapting to be able to survive the climatic conditions of the ecosystem, predators, and other species that compete for the same food and space.
In parts of the northwestern United States, logging is destroying many of the forests that are home to the spotted owl. Many conservationists worry that logging will result in the extinction of the spotted owl. Which of the following is the primary threat to the spotted owl population in the northwestern United States?
A. overpopulation
B. predation
C. global warming
D. loss of habitat
Answer:
the answer is D
Explanation:
The answer is D bc looking is destroying the owls home that answer is not c bc this has nothing to do with the owl
In parts of the northwestern United States, logging is destroying many of the forests that are home to the spotted owl, the following is the primary threat to the spotted owl population: loss of habitat that is in option D.
What is the significance of the loss of habitat?The destruction or degradation of a natural environment in which a specific species of animal or plant lives, as a result of deforestation, urbanization, industrialization, and other factors, is referred to as habitat loss. As a result of the loss of habitat the plants and animals that live there are forced to adapt to the new conditions as a result of habitat loss.
Hence, in parts of the northwestern United States, logging is destroying many of the forests that are home to the spotted owl, the following is the primary threat to the spotted owl population: loss of habitat that is in option D.
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Which of the following is a positive way that palm oil farms provide humans with natural resources.
Palm oil is found in all types of food and biofuels.
Palm oil produces more oil for a similar amount of land than other plants.
Palm oil tastes better and is healthier than other types of oils.
Palm oil has no positives related to natural resources.
Answer:
The palm oil industry has helped lift millions of people out of poverty in Indonesia and Malaysia, which together account for around 85 per cent of global production. Oil palm plantations have created millions of well-paying jobs, and enabled tens of thousands of smallholder farmers to own their own land.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
Brainliest plz!!!!!!!!!!!! Plz, plz, plz, plz!!!!!!!
Answer:
Option -2 Palm oil produces more quantity of oil for a similar amount of land than any other plant is the correct answer.
Explanation:
firstly,
what is palm oil?Edible vegetable oil that is gathered from the mesocarp i.e., the reddish pulp of the fruit of the oil palms is known as palm oil. The oil is used in food manufacturing, making beauty products, and as biofuel.
Palm oil has many advantages that are listed below-
Palm oil is used for preventing aging, cancer, and brain disease and reduces heart disease risk.Oil palm plantation has provided millions of paying jobs and enabled thousands of smallholder farmers to own their land. Palm oil has a long shelf-life and is solid at room temperature, making it an ideal ingredient in a variety of food.Palm oil is used to manufacture sodium lauryl sulfate, which is widely used as a foaming agent(soap) in many body care products for e.g.-soap, detergents, etc.Besides all these positive ways one of the important uses of palm oil farms is that it helps in conserving natural resources.
How do palm oil farms help in conserving natural resources?
Oil palms are significantly more efficient than any other oil-producing crops. A single hectare of land can produce about 4.17 metric tons of sunflower oil, 0.16 tons of ground oil, and 0.39 tons of soybean oil. this means that significantly less land has to clear to meet demands for vegetable oil while other crops require at least five times more land to produce the same volume of oil as oil palms.
Conclusion-Palm oil produces more oil per land area than any other equivalent vegetable oil crops.
hence, the second option that says a similar amount of land produces more oil in the case of palm oil is the correct answer.
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the process by which eggs are made is called
NO LINKS I WILL REPORT U
Answer:
I belive the answer would be c...Im sry if im not right
Explanation:
Answer:
C. Return fixed nitrogen to the soil
Explanation:
I'm so sorry if I'm not correct
is there cures and current treatment of Down syndrome?
1) WHAT IS DRY ICE?
2)WHAT IS HABERS PROCESS?
3)WHICH GAS IS USED TO TAKE OUT BLUE PRINTS?
4)WRITE FULL FORM OF IUPAC.
5)COPPER IS USED TO MAKE ELECTRIC WIRE,WHY?
6)SILVER IS USED FOR MAKING ORNAMENTS BUT NOT IRON,WHY?
7)WHAT IS SEX?
8)WHAT IS VAT?
Answer:
4)WRITE FULL FORM OF IUPAC.
Explanation:
1.Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide. It is used primarily as a cooling agent, but is also used in fog machines at theatres for dramatic effects. Its advantages include lower temperature than that of water ice and not leaving any residue.
2.The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process, is an artificial nitrogen fixation process and is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia today. It is named after its inventors, the German chemists Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch, who developed it in the first decade of the 20th century.
3.Ammonia gas
Ammonia gas is used as a developer in diazotype method to make blue prints.
4.The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC /ˈaɪjuːpæk, ˈjuː-/) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.
5. All metals have some amount of resistivity to electrical currents, which is why they require a power source to push the current through. The lower the level of resistivity, the more electrical conductivity a metal has. Copper has low resistivity, and therefore is an excellent conductor.
6.gold and silver are used to make ornaments because in they are the least reactive and do not react with any thing . Gold and silver are ductile (cam be made into thin wires ) and they have a metallic lustre.
7. I am too smalll I am frecking 10 yrs
8. A value-added tax, known in some countries as a goods and services tax, is a type of tax that is assessed incrementally. It is levied on the price of a product or service at each stage of production, distribution, or sale to the end consumer.
Questions:
1) WHAT IS DRY ICE?
2)WHAT IS HABER'S PROCESS?
3)WHICH GAS IS USED TO TAKE OUT BLUE PRINTS?
4)WRITE FULL FORM OF IUPAC.
5)COPPER IS USED TO MAKE ELECTRIC WIRE,WHY?
6)SILVER IS USED FOR MAKING ORNAMENTS BUT NOT IRON,WHY?
7)WHAT IS SEX?
8)WHAT IS VAT?
Answer:
1) Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide (CO₂).
2) The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process
3)Ammonia is used in blueprint developing machines in both forms.
4)The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC /ˈaɪjuːpæk, ˈjuː-/) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.
Headquarters: Research Triangle Park, North ...
Formation: 1919; 102 years ago
President: Christopher M.A. Brett (Portugal)
Membership: ICSU
5)All metals have some amount of resistivity to electrical currents, which is why they require a power source to push the current through.
6)Silver is used to make mirrors, as it is the best reflector of visible light known, although it does tarnish with time. It is also used in dental alloys, solder and brazing alloys, electrical contacts and batteries.
7)Human sexual activity, human sexual practice or human sexual behaviour is the manner in which humans experience and express their sexuality.
8)A value-added tax, known in some countries as a goods and services tax, is a type of tax that is assessed incrementally.
Into which chamber of the heart does oxygenated blood enter?
One of the four fundamental interactions in nature is? Electromagnetism Gravity Strong interaction All of the above
Answer:
The correct answer is All of the above. In nature there are four forces, (also called interactions or fields in Physics) that are responsible for all phenomena in the universe: the gravitational force or interaction, the strong interaction, the electromagnetic and the weak nuclear.
Explanation:
The fundamental interactions or forces that describe all the interactions between the constituents of matter are each of the interactions that matter can undergo and that cannot be decomposed into more basic interactions. There are four basic forces that describe all interactions: Gravitational, that is responsible for the interaction between particles with mass and, by extension, for the configuration on a macroscopic scale of the Universe and its stability. Electromagnetic, is responsible for the interaction between electrically charged particles and, by extension, for all Chemical reactions, Weak is responsible for the disintegration of certain unstable particles; that is, of those processes in which some particles decompose (decay) into lighter ones and Strong interaction is the most complicated interaction to describe due to its different behaviors at different action distances; by means of which a global vision of the to physics without breaking it down.
Extinction is the dying out of a species. What can
lead to the extinction of a species if the
environment changes?
O having traits that enable the species to adapt to the changed environment
an increase in the reproductive rate within the species
O a lack of adaptations in the species that help individuals survive and reproduce in
the changed environment
the presence of genetic variations among the individuals of the species
Answer:
O
Explanation:
O having traits that enable the spices to adapt to the changed enviroment
Which of the following best describes what the orange area represents?
Answer:
where is the picture?
Explanation:
I can't see the picture
From a study of soapberry bugs, evolution can be observed. Soapberry bugs feed on fruits by using their 'beak' to penetrate the fruit and gain nourishment from the seeds within the fruit. Soapberry bugs can feed on the fruit of the balloon vine or the fruit of the Goldenrain tree. In central Florida, the native balloon vine has become rare and the Goldenrain tree is now the main food source for soapberry bugs.
When the beak length of the soapberry bug populations feeding on different fruits was measured after many generations, a difference was noted.
Which of these statements predicts the outcome of evolution based on the food sources for the soapberry bugs? Select ALL that apply.
Answer:
A,C,E
Explanation:
usatestprep
bugs with longer beak, bugs with shorter beaks, access to the seeds
Buds with larger beaks, shorter beaks, and access to seeds predict the outcome of evolution based on the soapberry bugs' food sources. So, the correct options are A, C and D.
What are Soapberry bugs?Soapberry bugs are true bugs who survive on the seeds that grow in the Sapindaceae family. They are distributed throughout the Americas, starting with the southern United States to Argentina.
The body structure and colors of soapberry bugs make them easily identifiable. They are distinguished by their flat bodies and a large, pointed beak or rostrum for piercing the fruit and extracting the seeds. Although their colouring varies, several species have a vivid orange-red or black and white colour pattern.
Because they have been the focus of substantial investigation into rapid evolutionary change, soapberry bugs are essential in the investigation of evolution and natural selection.
Therefore, the correct options are A, C and D.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
Which of these statements predicts the outcome of evolution based on the food sources for the soapberry bugs? Select ALL that apply.
bugs with longer beakBugs with stronger beaksbugs with shorter beaksaccess to the seedslimestone can be a very jointed type of rock. which drainage pattern would you expect to see as a result
The drainage pattern one is expected to see in the limestone is trellis. The correct option is C.
What are trellis drainage pattern?Trellis drainage patterns form when sedimentary rocks like limestone are rolled up or slanted and then stripped away to varying degrees depending on their strength.
The Rocky Mountains of British Columbia and Alberta are prime examples of this, with trellis patterns found in many of the drainage systems.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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The missing options of the question are:
A. DendriticB. RadialC. TrellisD. RectangularExamine the model here. Which statements about the behavior of light shown in the model are supported by the image? Select
ALL that apply.
A)
Red light is reflected by the material.
B)
Blue light is absorbed by the material.
Red light is refracted by the material
D)
Green light is absorbed by the material
E)
Blue and green light have less energy than red light.
Answer:
A, B, and D
Explanation:
Red light is reflected by the material.
Green light is absorbed by the material.
Blue light is absorbed by the material.
According to the model, red is not absorbed, which means it is reflected. It cannot pass through nor is it absorbed. Blue light and green light do not pass through, but they are not reflected either. This is called absorption.
Suggest how humans might contribute to a
mass extinction event.
Answer:
Deforestation, hunting, pollution, the introduction of various regions of non-native species, and the widespread transmission of infectious diseases spread through livestock and crops.
Explanation:
What percent of our overall global electricity use is accounted for by the internet and computer usage?
A.20%
B.5%
C.10%
D.50%
Answer:
I think it's 10% sorry if i'm wrong
Explanation:
Answer:
50 percent
Explanation:
is a heat pack safe for period pain ?
Answer:
I hope this hepls :)
Explanation:
Heat therapy is said to work because of its analgesic properties or its ability to bring blood to the area which can penetrate deep into the muscular tissue. However, heat therapy is also said to work because it is comforting on a psychological level. According to Lorimer Moseley “to reduce pain, we need to reduce credible evidence of danger & increase credible evidence of safety” and applying heat makes us feel safe. Why? Because the cold kills!
Despite this, there is little evidence to show that it helps alleviate pain at certain trigger points (small patches of acutely sensitive soft tissue) in the body and there is less evidence to show that it works for period pain. One study has claimed that heat can work for period pain however the researchers failed to differentiate if their exercise programme or the psychological effect of feeling warm eased their pain. This kind of testing means that other variables influence participants’ perception of pain and we can’t be certain if the heat therapy actually helped. What we do know is there are certainly drawbacks to this kind of treatment.
What is NOT an example of nitrogen fixation?
A: Lightning changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
B: Cows changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
C: Bacteria on plant roots changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
PLEASE HELP
The photo shows a plant that prefers very little water and
nutrient-poor soil.
Which type of ecosystem is most likely to have a large number of these
plants?
A. Grassland
B. Desert
C. Rain forest
D. Deciduous forest
as for my answer is B....
see on the comment bellow
Answer:
desert 100%
Explanation:
What is taxonomy?
A. A system of classification based on homology
B. A system of naming
C. A system of classification based on analogy
Answer:
A) A system of classification based on homology
Explanation:
i hope this helped ;)
Which of the following best represents the correct sequence of letters in Photosynthesis? *
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Answer:
I think it's B
Explanation:
I hope this helped :)
what are compulsory vaccinations?
Answer:
compulsory Vaccination is the health policy a government adopts in relation to vaccination .
She is confident, her idea is strong and connective Her voice is clear and enough for listening
Answer:
Explanation:
This should be you lol
what not to do when handling acids and bases
Wear protective gear (goggles, long-sleeved clothes, and gloves) when using acids and bases. Do not allow acids or bases to come in contact with skin or eyes. Limit the amount of acids and bases transported for usage around the house. Cap the bottles of acid and base cleaners tightly.
Several people have to take an ill family member to the doctor to be diagnosed and treated for sickness. Which disease can be treated by taking antibiotics?
a.panic attacks, caused by stress
b. ringworm, caused by a fungus
c. measles, caused by the Paramyxovirus
d. strep throat, caused by Streptococcu s bacteria
What is the term for a structure that has no use in an organism?
A.Homologuos
B.Index
C.Vestigial
D.Sedimentary
The answer you're looking for is C. Vestigial.
Vestigial structures are structures that have no clear purpose and tend to be leftover pieces from a previous ancestor.
Hope this helps; have a great day!
Write a sentence with the word Fetal period
Please help !!
Answer:
The average abortion occurs at the beginning of fetal period
Explanation:
no explanation
2. When two species compete for the same
resource, they sometimes divide this
resource. This is an example of
a. niche partitioning
b. niche equivalency
c. evolutionary response.
d. ecological equivalence
Answer:
a
Explanation:
When two species compete for the same resource, they sometimes divide this resource. This is an example of niche partitioning. Hence, the correct option is A.
What is niche partitioning?Niche partitioning refers to the process by which different species divide up available resources in an ecosystem, such as food, habitat, or mates. This division of resources reduces competition between species and allows them to coexist in the same ecosystem.
It can also occur in terms of behavior or timing of an activity. In general, it helps to reduce competition between species, allowing them to coexist and thrive in the same ecosystem. For example, same species of bats hunting on same type of insects will hunt in the different time of the day to reduce competition.
This allows for greater biodiversity and stability in an ecosystem. Hence, the correct option is A.
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