1. Your teacher will show a video that demonstrates how aluminum metal reacts
with copper (II) chloride (CuCl₂). Answer the following questions about the
reaction you observed between aluminum and copper(II) chloride.
(a) Based on the observations you made during the video, write the balanced
molecular equation for the reaction between solid aluminum and a solution
of copper(II) chloride.

Answer:

Explanation:

dilute solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), and nitric acid (HNO₃) react with active metals to produce a salt and hydrogen gas.

Active metals react strongly and quickly with other elements and compounds due to the electrons in its structure and its ease of sharing the electrons with other elements.

The most active metals are found in Groups 1  and 2 of the Periodic Table (i.e. the left side), and include lithium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Metals such as aluminium, lead, and zinc, are less active than magnesium or calcium, but are generally still labelled as 'active'. Metals such as copper, gold, or silver are inactive and will not react.

Therefore, in the provided question, all the metals listed, except for copper, will produce a metal salt + hydrochloric acid. Copper will not react.

In general:

54.2 g of CaCl2 must be dissolved in 1000 g of water to raise the boiling point to 100.75°C.

To solve this problem, we can use the formula:

ΔTb = Kb × m × i

where ΔTb is the boiling point elevation, Kb is the molal boiling point elevation constant for water, m is the molality of the solution, and i is the van't Hoff factor, which represents the number of particles into which the solute dissociates.

We can rearrange this formula to solve for the molality of the solution:

m = ΔTb / (Kb × i)

We know that ΔTb is 0.75°C (100.75°C - 100°C), Kb is 0.51°C/m, and i for CaCl2 is 3 (since it dissociates into 3 ions in water). Substituting these values, we get:

m = 0.75°C / (0.51°C/m × 3) = 0.490 m

To find the mass of CaCl2 needed to make a 0.490 m solution in 1000 g of water, we can use the formula:

moles of solute = molality × mass of solvent (in kg)

We convert 1000 g of water to 1 kg, and then use the molecular weight of CaCl2 to convert from moles to grams:

moles of CaCl2 = 0.490 m × 1 kg = 0.490 mol

mass of CaCl2 = 0.490 mol × 110.98 g/mol = 54.2 g

Therefore, 54.2 g of CaCl2 must be dissolved in 1000 g of water to raise the boiling point to 100.75°C.

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The mass of calcium in the original urine sample would be 0.0140 g.

First, we need to find the masses of calcium and magnesium oxalates in the original sample. Let x be the mass of calcium oxalate and y be the mass of magnesium oxalate. Then we have:

x + y = mass of the mixed oxalate precipitate

Next, we need to use the information given to find the mass of calcium in the original sample. The mass of calcium oxide formed after ignition is equal to the mass of calcium oxalate in the original sample. We can calculate the mass of calcium oxide using the mass of calcium carbonate formed and the molar mass ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.

The balanced chemical equations for the reactions are:

CaC2O4 -> CaCO3 + CO2

CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2

The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, and the molar mass of CaO is 56.08 g/mol.

From the given information, we have:

0.0433 g = (x + y)(100.09 g/mol + 80.15 g/mol) / (128.10 g/mol + 80.15 g/mol)

0.0285 g = x(56.08 g/mol) + y(40.31 g/mol)

Solving these equations simultaneously, we get:

x = 0.0140 g

y = 0.0053 g

Therefore, the mass of calcium in the original sample (which is equal to the mass of calcium oxide formed after ignition) is:

0.0140 g

So the mass of calcium in the original sample is 0.0140 g.

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The ΔG for the reaction at 298 K and the given partial pressures is -55.53 kJ/mol.

What is ΔG ?

The Gibbs free energy change for a reaction under non-standard conditions can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔG = ΔG° + RTln(Q)

where ΔG is the Gibbs free energy change, ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)), T is the temperature in kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient.

The reaction quotient, Q, can be calculated using the partial pressures of the gases involved in the reaction:

Q = (P(NH3))² / (P(N2) x P(H2)³)

Plugging in the given values, we get:

Q = (0.75 atm)² / (0.35 atm x 0.30 atm³) = 0.2667

Now we can calculate the ΔG for the reaction:

ΔG = ΔG° + RTln(Q)

ΔG = (-32.8 kJ/mol) + (8.314 J/(mol·K) x 298 K x ln(0.2667))

ΔG = -32.8 kJ/mol + (-22.73 kJ/mol)

ΔG = -55.53 kJ/mol

Therefore, the ΔG for the reaction at 298 K and the given partial pressures is -55.53 kJ/mol.

What is reaction quotient?

Reaction quotient, commonly denoted as Q, is a measure of the relative concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at a particular moment in time. It is calculated by dividing the concentration of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients by the concentration of the reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.

The equation for the reaction quotient Q is similar to the equilibrium constant Kc, but with the concentrations of the reactants and products at any time during the reaction, rather than at equilibrium. When the reaction is at equilibrium, the reaction quotient is equal to the equilibrium constant.

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Answer: 40. g

Explanation:

To find the grams in 0.89 moles of CO2, we just need to use the molar mass of CO2. The molar mass which tells us how many grams are in a mole for an element or compound.

The molar mass of CO2 is equal to the molar mass of carbon, 12.0107, and 2 oxygens, 2*15.9994 (you can find the molar mass of an element on any periodic table). Add these, and you get the molar mass of CO2 to be 44.01 g/mol, a helpful value to remember.

Now, just multiply the molar mass by the amount of moles to find grams.

[tex]\frac{44.01g}{mole} * 0.89mole[/tex], moles cancel out, [tex]\frac{44.01g}{mole} * 0.89mole=40.48g[/tex]

There are 2 significant figures in the question, so I will round this answer to 2 significant figures, 40. g

For chemical reaction (3), the standard enthalpy change is 279.0 kJ.

To find the standard enthalpy change for reaction (3), use Hess's Law which states that the overall enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway between the initial and final states.

Obtain the required reaction by subtracting the enthalpy change of reaction (2) from that of reaction (1) as follows:

(1) 2C(s) + H₂(g) → C₂H₂(g) ΔH° = 226.7 kJ

(2) 2C(s) + 2H₂(g) → C₂H₄(g) ΔH° = 52.3 kJ

(3) C₂H₂(g) + H₂(g) → C₂H₄(g) ΔH° = ?

To get the enthalpy change for reaction (3), flip the reaction (2) and multiply by 1/2 so that the reactants match those in reaction (1):

(2) C₂H₄(g) → 2C(s) + 2H₂(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ

Now write the reaction (3) as the difference between (1) and (2):

(1) 2C(s) + H₂(g) → C₂H₂(g) ΔH° = 226.7 kJ

(2) C₂H₄(g) → 2C(s) + 2H₂(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ

(3) C₂H₂(g) + H₂(g) → C₂H₄(g) ΔH° = 279.0 kJ

Therefore, the standard enthalpy change for reaction (3) is 279.0 kJ.

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The Two Aspects of Science: Control over nature and understanding of nature must both be held in equal honor.

Answer:

o

Mass number

Atomic number

Number of electrons

Proton number

Explanation:

The sandwich contains approximately 71.25 grams of carbohydrates.

Calories are a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy contained in food and beverages. The number of calories in a particular food is determined by the amounts of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and other nutrients it contains.

To determine the number of grams of carbohydrates in the sandwich, we need to use the fact that carbohydrates, fats, and proteins have different calorie densities. Specifically, carbohydrates and proteins each contain about 4 calories per gram, while fats contain about 9 calories per gram.

First, let's calculate the total number of calories coming from the fat and protein in the sandwich:

Total calories = calories from carbohydrates + calories from fat + calories from protein

475 Calories = calories from carbohydrates + 10g x 9 Calories/g + 25g x 4 Calories/g

475 Calories = calories from carbohydrates + 90 Calories + 100 Calories

475 Calories - 190 Calories = calories from carbohydrates

285 Calories = calories from carbohydrates

Now that we know the number of calories from carbohydrates, we can use the calorie density of carbohydrates to determine the number of grams of carbohydrates:

285 Calories = carbohydrates in grams x 4 Calories/g

71.25 g = carbohydrates in grams

Therefore, the sandwich contains approximately 71.25 grams of carbohydrates.

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Because it is not very effective at transferring [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ions to water, vinegar is a weak acid. Less than 0.4% of the [tex]CH_{3}CO_{2}H[/tex]molecules in a 1 M solution interact with water to create [tex]H_{3}O^{+}[/tex]and [tex]CH_{3}CO_{2}^{-}[/tex] ions. More than 99.6% of the acetic acid molecules are still whole.

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The final volume of the ideal gas is 156.6 L.

A sample of an ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically while producing external work (W) at first. The volume is then maintained at its new value with the help of heat Q until the pressure returns to its initial level.

We can use the combined gas law to solve this problem:

(P1 × V1) / T1 = (P2 × V2) / T2

where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume, respectively. Since the gas is kept at a constant temperature, we can simplify this to:

P1 × V1 = P2 × V2

Plugging in the given values, we get:

2.01 bar × 78.3 L = 1.00 bar × V2

Solving for V2, we get:

V2 = (2.01 bar × 78.3 L) / 1.00 bar = 157 L

Therefore, the final volume of gas is 157 L.

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Answer:

The speed of sound in diamond is about **12,000 metres per second (39,000 ft/s)** which is about **35 times** its speed in air³. To convert this to feet per hour (ft/hr), we can use the following conversion factors:

1 meter = 3.28084 feet

1 second = 3600 hours

Therefore, the speed of sound in diamond in feet per hour (ft/hr) is:

12,000 m/s x 3.28084 ft/m x 3600 s/hr = 141,732,480 ft/hr

The following formula can be used to calculate the activation energy: ln (k 1 /k 1) = É a /R x (1/S n 1 - 1/T 2). where. E an is the reaction's activation energy, expressed in J/mol.

What does a scientific reaction mean?

reaction definitions in science. reaction. one or more new compounds are formed as a result of the reorganization of the atoms and molecules of two substances when come into contact. Electrons of one material interact with all those of another to produce chemical reactions.

What chemical process changes one substance into another?

Chemical reaction is the process through which two or more compounds, known as reactants, change into one or more new ones, known as products. Chemical components or compounds make up substances. The atoms that make up the reactants are rearranged in a chemical reaction to produce various products.

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3.4 g of HCl is therefore equivalent to roughly 0.0932 moles of HCl.

Since each molecule of HCl contains one mole of hydrogen and one mole of chlorine, the mole quantity of HCl equals the mole quantity of hydrogen and chlorine in the sample.

Approximately 36.46 g/mol is the molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl). We must divide the mass by the molar mass to determine the number of moles of HCl in 3.4 g of HCl:

Mass of HCl / molar mass of HCl equals moles of HCl.

3.4 grams per 36.46 grams per mole of HCl

A mole of HCl is equal to 0.0932 mol.

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Answer: the wavelength of the photon is approximately 3.58 × 10^-18 meters.

Explanation: where E is the energy of the photon, h is Planck's constant, f is the frequency of the photon, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of the photon.

We can rearrange this equation to solve for the wavelength:

λ = hc/E

where all variables have their previously defined meanings.

First, we need to convert the energy from joules to electronvolts (eV), which is a more commonly used unit for photon energy:

8.87 × 10^-28 J = 8.87 × 10^-28 J / 1.602 × 10^-19 J/eV = 5.53 × 10^-10 eV

Next, we can substitute the given values into the equation:

λ = (6.626 × 10^-34 J s) × (2.998 × 10^8 m/s) / (5.53 × 10^-10 eV)

Simplifying, we get:

λ = 3.580 × 10^-18 m

Finally, we can express the wavelength in scientific notation with three significant figures:

λ = 3.58 × 10^-18 m

The compound's boiling point is around 73.65 °C.

Unexpected Responses. Favorable reactions are those that cause the system's enthalpy to drop while its entropy rises. The reaction happens naturally when both of these conditions are true. Both endothermic and exothermic reactions, which absorb heat and release it, can occur spontaneously.

We can use the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation to solve for the boiling point:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

At boiling point, ΔG = 0, so we can solve for T:

T = ΔH/ΔS

Substituting the given values:

T = (32.77 kJ·mol−1) / (94.72 J·mol−1·K−1)

T = 346.8 K

Converting to Celsius:

Boiling point = 346.8 K - 273.15 = 73.65 °C

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Due to the nature of the reactants and the balanced chemical equations, the calculated solutions will be acidic, neutral, and neutral, respectively.

Neutrality is represented by 7 on the scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. pH levels below 7 signify acidity, whereas pH values over 7 suggest baseness. The pH scale is really used to determine how much free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are present in water.

This process of neutralising acid is known as. A basic solution goes away from being basic and towards the middle of the pH scale when an acid is introduced. It is known as neutralising.

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The conditions at reaction equilibrium are;

A chemical reaction is said to be at equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. At equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, although the individual molecular collisions and reactions are still taking place.

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is a constant value that relates the concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium. The value of Kc is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction and the equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products.

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Consider that after recrystallization, you obtained 7.0 g of dry pure substance from 10.0 g of impure material. Your recovery rate is then 70% (7/10 × 100).

Recrystallization recovery percentages are often lower than 100%, though occasionally they might be higher (see the following issue). This is brought on by impurity loss, material that was left in the liquid solution after dissolving, and "mechanical losses."

The amount if pure compound that is present in the finished chemical synthesis product is calculated using the percent recovery. The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield is used to compute percent yield. The ratio of the pure compound to the starting compound is used to calculate percent recovery.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Ρ=6.17g/L

m=20*6.17

m=123.4g

n=m/M

n=123.4 mol/138

n= 0.89mol

A 5-kg object experiences the greatest gravitational force at sea level. The correct option is D.

The term force has a particular definition in science. At this standard, it is perfectly acceptable to refer to a force as both a push and maybe a pull. A force is not one that an object possesses or possesses. Another object applies a force to another. The concept of a force is not restricted to living or non-living things.

What exactly is balanced force?

Balance occurs when the forces applied have similar strengths & act in opposite directions. These forces cancel each other out, and the movements of the object on which they act remain unchanged. The correct option is D.

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Answer:

1) 9 moles

2) 8.75 moles

3) 1.76 moles

4) 10.2 moles

Explanation:

Okay so mole ratio is 2:1

So, 9 moles of HI is required for 4.5 moles of Iodine gas

Mol ratio of water to CaCl2 is 2:1

So, 17.5 moles of water produced is (17.5/2) moles of CaCl2 i.e. 8.75 moles

Okay so mol ratio of Hydrogen to NH3 is 3:2

So, 2.64 moles of hydrogen is (2.64 * 2)/3 moles of NH3 i.e. 1.76 moles

Once again, mol ratio of Hydrogen to NH3 is 3:2

When 15.3 moles of hydrogen is used, (15.3 * 2)/3 moles of NH3 i.e. 10.2 moles

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Answer:

Molecules in the skin are moving faster than molecules in the glass.

Explanation:

Put it in your own words.

Answer:

The energy from the ice transferred to the glass.

Answer:

The molar ratio of oxygen to water in the given chemical equation is 150₂ : 6H₂O which can be simplified to 25₂ : H₂O or 25 : 3 1.

The mole ratios are determined using the coefficients of the substances in the balanced chemical equation 1. In order to determine the mole ratio, we need to begin with a balanced chemical equation. For this reaction, the balanced chemical equation is:

2C6H6 + 150₂ = 6H₂O +12CO2

The mole ratios for this reaction are:

2molC6H6 : 150molO2 : 6molH2O : 12molCO2

I hope that helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.

The amount of carbon dioxide produced by all the idling described in the problem would be 89.6 kg per week.

What is Global Warming?

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature, primarily caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), deforestation, and industrial processes that release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Using the atomic masses from the periodic table, we get:

Molar mass of octane = (8 x 12.01 g/mol) + (18 x 1.01 g/mol) = 114.22 g/mol

Since the molecular formula of octane (C8H18) contains 8 carbon atoms, it produces 8 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) per molecule of octane during combustion.

So, the amount of carbon dioxide produced by burning 11,200 grams of octane would be:

11,200 g * (8 x 1 mol CO2 / 1 mol octane) = 89,600 g or 89.6 kg of carbon dioxide produced in a week.

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The sign of entropy change of the universe at room temperature is b.) positive, spontaneous

The concept of entropy is a measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system. In thermodynamics, it is a measure of the number of ways in which the energy of a system can be distributed among its constituent particles.

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of the universe always increases for spontaneous processes. This means that, in any spontaneous process, the total entropy change of the system and its surroundings must be positive.

At room temperature (298.15 K), a process that is spontaneous will always result in an increase in the entropy of the universe, and the sign of the entropy change will be positive.

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The pH of .3 M NH, where is K = 1.7 x 10^-5 is 11.87 calculated from the equation of dissociation constant.

Kb= [A] /[A + ][X− ]

​1.7×10 −5 = x ^2 /0.3

⇒x= 7.5 ×10 −3

∴[OH − ][H + ]=7.5 ×10 −3

[H + ] =10 ^−14 ⇒pH=11.87

When describing the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, chemists use the pH scale, which is also known as acidity and previously stood for "potential of hydrogen". Greater pH values are seen in basic or alkaline solutions than acidic solutions.

Potential hydrogen is the meaning of the acronym pH, which indicates how much hydrogen is present in liquids and how active the hydrogen ion is.

As a first step, we shall ascertain the pKa of the solution before calculating its Ka. When a solution reaches the equivalence point, its pH and pKa are equal. So, by using a titration curve and the Ka = - log pKa equation, we may rapidly ascertain the value of Ka.

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