Reptiles first appeared at the end of the Paleozoic Era. Thus, option D is correct.
What are reptiles?Reptiles first appeared during the Paleozoic Era. The Paleozoic Era occurred around 542 to 251 million years ago. More specifically, reptiles first appeared in the Upper Carboniferous Period known as the Pennsylvanian Period, which was from 323.2 to 298.9 million years ago.
Emergency procedures are processes that needs to have a quick action to arrive at a fast resolution. But it must still be conducted in an orderly manner. An elective procedure is a planned surgery. It is subjected to choice or election.
During the early period of the Paleozoic era (The Cambrian), there existed marine living organisms (phyla). During the Paleozoic era, volcanic activity was experienced. Lastly, the Paleozoic era was a geologic period that was prone to erosion and deposition of marine fossils.
Therefore, Reptiles first appeared at the end of the Paleozoic Era. Thus, option D is correct.
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QUESTION 1
Which of the following is FALSE about immunity?
A. T cells originate in the bone marrow and move into the thymus to mature
B. B cells only recognize processed antigens
C. Memory B and T cells are important in the secondary immune response and immunity
D. autoimmune diseases are when the immune system mounts an immune response to something in our own body that it should't
The statement B cells only recognize processed antigens is false about immunity. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What are the functions of B-cells?Antigen presentation, costimulation, and cytokine production by B cells contribute to T-cell activation; affect tissue inflammation and antimicrobial defenses; and, most importantly, play the role of regulatory cells.
The two antigen-binding regions of B cell receptors are made up of four peptides, two of which are light chains and two of which are heavy chains. Heavy chains can be IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, or IgE isotypes.
The B-cell is typically an important regulatory cell in the immune system; It acts by directly contributing to inflammatory pathways, supporting other mononuclear cells, producing antibodies, and antigen-presenting cells.
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What is the active site?
A. the site on an enzyme that a substrate
binds to this
B. the site on an enzyme that breaks off
C. the least important site on an enzyme
D. the site on an enzyme responsible for cell
temperature control
An active site is a site on an enzyme that a substrate binds to this. So the correct option is A.
The active site refers to the specific region of an enzyme where a substrate binds and catalysis takes place.
It is a structural element of protein that determines whether the protein is functional when undergoing a reaction from an enzyme. This structural element will be accordingly shaped to the structure of the enzyme.
A tighter fit between an active site and the substrate molecule is believed to increase the efficiency of a reaction. If the tightness between the active site of DNA polymerase and its substrate is increased, the rate of DNA replication will also increase. Most enzymes have deeply buried active sites, which can be accessed by a substrate via access channels. The active site is made up of residues that can form bonds with the substrate, particularly at the binding site.
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Answer:
a) the site on an enzyme that a substrate
binds to this
Explanation:
The active site is the site on an enzyme that a substrate binds. Hence, the option (a) is the correct answer.
Prompt:
Indonesia has recently decided to move the location of its capital from Jakarta to Borneo. Research and explain why the government has decided to make this major change. Discuss how the movement of the capital is related to the availability of natural resources and the occurrence of natural hazards.
The reason why the government has decided to make this major change of moving the location of its capital from Jakarta to Borneo is that the the economy of Indonesia is located around the place with availability of natural resource, and this help to save sinking and congested Jakarta which is occurrence of natural hazards.
What was the reason for the relocaion of the capital?The reason for the relocaion of the capital can b attributedd to the acvailability of the better economyt that can be seen in the new capital, it should be noted that the relocation is been done on the basis that there will be availability of resources that will help in the nation building.
In addition the relocation was also done to save the sinking and congestion of Jakarta and to help in the enhancement of the development that could take place in Kalimantan as well as eastern Indonesia, because their economic activity dep[ends on this.
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D
Why is the second part of
photosynthesis called
"dark" reactions?
A. The reactions cause a dark
pigmentation of the plant.
B. The reactions don't require light to
be carried out. This answer
C. The reactions can't occur in the
dark.
D. The reactions can't occur in the
light.
Answer:
B. The reactions don't require light to be carried out.
Explanation:
Dark reaction is a light-independent process. This reaction occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast where it utilizes the products of the light reaction. Since this is not directly dependent on light, it is called as the dark reaction.
Auxin-based weedkillers can be sprayed over an entire crop of narrow-leaved wheat in a field, but only broad-leaved weeds will be killed. The explanation for this is that...
The leaf absorbs less auxin due to its smaller leaf surface area. That is option C.
What is auxin?Auxin is a type of plant hormone that is used to enhance cell elongation, cell division, and cell differentiation in the roots of plants.
The Auxin-based weedkillers are those kind of weedkillers that contains the plant hormone, auxin. This is used for weed control in farm lands because of its ability to selectively destroy dicot weeds that are characterized with broad leaves.
Therefore, only broad-leaved weeds will be killed and not the narrow-leaved wheat in a field spread with the Auxin-based weedkillers.
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Explain how active transport works in a cell
Answer:
substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
Explanation:
Answer: Active transport is the movement of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient; From a low to a high concentration.
Explanation:
There are two types of active transport:
1) Primary Active Transport - Primary active transport, also called direct active transport, directly uses energy to transport molecules across a membrane. Most of the enzymes that perform this type of transport are transmembrane ATPases. A primary ATPase universal to all life is the sodium-potassium pump, which helps to maintain the cell potential. Other sources of energy for Primary active transport are redox energy and photon energy (light). An example of primary active transport using Redox energy is the mitochondrial electron transport chain that uses the reduction energy of NADH to move protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane against their concentration gradient. An example of primary active transport using light energy are the proteins involved in photosynthesis that use the energy of photons to create a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane and also to create reduction power in the form of NADPH.
Secondary Active Transport - In secondary active transport or co-transport, energy is used to transport molecules across a membrane; however, in contrast to primary active transport, there is no direct coupling of ATP; instead, the electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell is used. The two main forms of this are antiport and symport.
if you know the amino acid sequence of a protein can you be 100% certain of the DNA sequence of the gene that codes for it?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
As each of the amino acids have several codons that code for them (as shown in the image attached) so we can't be sure as to which of the codons is the one coding for the relevant amino acid in the sequence we're looking at
100% sequence of DNA in a gene cannot be predicted by amino acid sequence. Therefore the answer is no.
What is central dogma?The series of processes in which the sequence of DNA of genes is converted into proteins is known as central dogma. The steps involved in the process are transcription and translation.
Transcription, DNA sequence is encoded by RNA polymerase to convert into single-stranded RNA. The steps of transcription are initiation, transcription, and termination. In translation, here the single-stranded RNA codes for amino acid sequences by ribosomes. The steps of translation are the attachment of single-stranded RNA with ribosomes, translation of condones to amino acids, and termination.
The sequence of three nucleotides is known as a codon. codons code for amino acids which finally code for proteins. Start and stop codons are also present.
Therefore, the central dogma process involves the conversion of DNA sequences into proteins.
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Discuss the major groups of microorganisms that produce antibiotics.
The two groups of microorganisms are Bacteria which is also called Neomycin and Fungi i.e. Penicillin from which antibiotics could be produced.
Which microorganisms are used for making antibiotics?Most of the straightaway available antibiotics are produced by prokaryotes mainly by bacteria from the genus Streptomyces. Some antibiotics are constructed naturally by fungi. These include the cephalosporin-producing Acremonium chrysogenum. Geldanamycin make by Streptomyces. Most of the antibiotics used today are produced from microbes. Bacteria are easy to isolate, culture, keep, and improve their strain. Some antibiotic gene clusters are worldwide, while others have cameo roles. One analysis estimated that if 10,000 actinomycetes.
So we can conclude that microorganisms that produce antibiotics helpful in preventing or treating disease include bacteria and fungi.
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What does the Adenovirus death protein do?
sebastian wants to make ball and stick models of the four macromolecules
Answer:
Sebastian wants to make ball-and-stick models of the four macromolecules. He has colored balls for each of the elements in these molecules, including the following. red: hydrogen black: carbon purple: oxygen green: nitrogen For a model of which macromolecule will he need mostly black and red balls? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Explanation:
thers not much to explain about this but i tryed my best
Examples of element and non example of element.
Examples of element are carbon and non example of element are water and carbon dioxide
Carbon is an element comprised of atom having the same number of proton and six common example of element are iron, copper, silver, gold, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen and at present 94 are the natural element whereas 24 are the synthetic element and all atom of an element contain the same number of proton and matter containing different type of atom or no atom at all is not an element and examples are water carbon dioxide plastic and brass etc
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A diagram of an animal cell is shown below.
animal cell showing organelles
What is the function of organelle 2?
A.
to store ions, create and store steroids, and synthesize and package proteins
B.
to collect, package, and distribute molecules produced by the cell
C.
to supply the cell with energy, in the form of ATP, through the process of cellular respiration
D.
to aid in protein synthesis by joining amino acids together to form polypeptides
i need the picture to see what organelle 2 is
Mendel found that yellow pea pod color (G) was dominant to green pea pod color (g), and that round seeds (W) were dominant to wrinkled seeds (w) what percentage or each or
the phenotypes below are expected from the following cross? Ggww x ggww
Yellow and round
Yellow and wrinkled
Green and round
Green and wrinkled
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 33%
50%
D.
E.
66%
F. 75%
G. 100%
The phenotype of the offspring that will be obtained from the cross of Ggww and ggww will be: Yellow and wrinkled- 50% and green and wrinkled- 50%. The cross is shown in the given image.
The phenotype is the observable trait that are the result of a certain genotype. Phenotypes may be quantitative like height or it may be qualitative like eye or hair color. The phenotype may be entirely due to genes or it may be influenced by environmental factors as well.
A cross can be defined as the breeding between a male and a female parent to obtain their offspring. The motive of performing crosses in genetics is to analyze the genotype and their resulting phenotype. There are various types of crosses like test cross, back cross, reciprocal cross, etc.
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Theorists who emphasize the discontinuity of development maintain that growth occurs in distinct stages.
Piaget's cognitive emphasize on the discontinuity of development that growth occurs in distinct stages.
What theories emphasize discontinuous development?The discontinuity sees development as more abrupt a succession of changes that produce different types of behaviors in different age at specific life periods is called stages. Biological changes provide the potential for occurrence of these changes. Period theories which emphasize discontinuous disruption, assume that developmental change often occurs in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from each other, and in a set, universal succession. The classical theories of Freud, Erikson, Piaget, and Kohlberg are called stage theories. Theories of discontinuously emphasizes the insensibility, defense mechanisms, and effect of the id, ego, and superego. Discontinuous are clear stages of development.
So we can conclude that Another issue rotates around the continuous and discontinuous theories emphasizing how change occurs in the growth stages.
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The arctic fox is uniquely adapted to its environment with white fur for camouflage, a small nose and ears and warm coat to prevent heat loss and strong paws for running and hunting. Which statement best describes how the arctic fox population may have adapted « its environment over time?
A. Foxes were bred to meet human needs for white fur.
B. Foxes developed smaller ears and noses in response to their cold climate. They were able to survive and pass this trait on to their offspring.
C. Foxes changed their fur to white to hide from predators and disguise themselves from their prey. They were able to survive and pass this trait on to their offspring.
D. Variation existed in the traits of the fox population. Foxes with smaller ears and noses were able to stay warmer and were more likely to survive and reproduce to pass their genes on to offspring. Over time, the fox population showed a shift to smaller ears and noses.
Answer:
D. Variation existed in the traits of the fox population. Foxes with smaller ears and noses were able to stay warmer and were more likely to survive and reproduce to pass their genes on to offspring. Over time, the fox population showed a shift to smaller ears and noses.
Explanation:
Adaptation does not happen overnight, and humans didn't breed foxes to have white fur. Smaller ears and noses allow less exposure to the cold because of their smaller surface area, which prevents heat loss. Foxes with smaller noses and ears didn't die of hypothermia, which allowed them to survive and breed and pass their genes to their offspring.
Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs produce their own food. It is an anabolic reaction in which energy is stored (endergonic). Consequently, Cellular Respiration is the opposite of Photosynthesis. In Cellular Respiration, heterotrophs consume food to produce energy. It is a catabolic reaction in which energy is released (exergonic). Both metabolic processes are essential to sustain life. Describe the similarities and differences between the biochemical pathways of Aerobic Respiration and Photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. Include in your discussion the major reactions, the end products, and energy transfers.
The similarities between aerobic respiration and photosynthesis are that they are both metabolic reactions and ATP is used at some point in each of the reactions.
The difference between aerobic respiration and photosynthesis is that:
aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water as an end-product whereas photosynthesis produces oxygen and glucose as an end-product. aerobic respiration uses oxygen and glucose as starting materials whereas photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water as starting materials ATP is used by photosynthesis, whereas ATP is produced in cellular respirationThe equations of photosynthesis and celli=ular respiration are given below:
photosynthesis: 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATP ---> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂cellular respiration C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ -----> 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATPWhat is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs produce their own food.
It is an anabolic process. The equation of photosynthesis is shown below:
6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATP ---> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
Aerobic cellular respiration is a process by which oxygen is used by heterotrophs to break down food molecules to produce energy.
The equation of aerobic cellular respiration is given below:
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ -----> 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATP
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An onion cell measures 0.1 mm in length. If it is 80 mm across in a photograph taken through a microscope, what magnification was used?
Answer:
800 x
Explanation:
You multiply 80 by 10 as you set 0.1 to 1 because of the image
Observe the model below. Explain one strength (advantage) of the model and one limitation (disadvantage).
The double-stranded structure of DNA guarantees that the genetic information stored in it is difficult to change. However, due to the structure of DNA, it does not replicate as quickly as RNA.
What exactly is the structure of DNA?DNA has a double-stranded helix structure. Double strands of DNA are made up of complementary strands that run antiparallel to one another. Each strand is made up of nucleotide molecules linked together by phosphodiester linkages.
DNA's double-stranded structure is significant for the following reasons: This guarantees that each strand may be used as a template to produce or copy the genetic information contained in DNA.
It ensures the long-term storage of genetic information in DNA. However, Rna polymerase takes longer than single-stranded RNA replication due to structural differences. Changes in DNA take time as well.
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Which is NOT a
characteristic of
saturated fats?
A. They are less healthy than
unsaturated fats.
B. They are gases at room
temperature. This
C. They are saturated with
hydrogen.
D. They are liquid at room
temperature.
Answer:
They are liquid at room
temperature.
Ryan is about to board an airplane to fly to Florida for Spring Break. He is very anxious to fly, but he knows his body is having this normal reaction to a stressor. His palms start to sweat, his heart starts racing, and his breathing becomes much faster in anticipation of the flight. Construct an argument using the observations above of how the body is a system of interacting subsystems. Be sure to include at least two body systems involved and how they are working together during this stress response.
The body is a system of interacting subsystems as seen in the instance of Ryan for the following reasons:
the nervous system interacts with the respiratory system to increase the breathing ratethe nervous system interacts with the cardiovascular system to increase blood flow.What are organ systems?Organ systems refer to the system of organs found in the body that work together to perform one or more specific functions.
There are several organ systems in the body that interact with each other.
Some of the organ systems in the body interacting with each other include:
nervous systemmusculoskeletal systemdigestive systemexcretory systemrespiratory systemThe stress response in the body is an example of the interaction of the organ systems in the body.
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Depending on the organism, the number of _____ in a cell
Answer:
Chromosomes
is the answer
6. Cite a place in the world where population growth is NOT a problem today. How is it a problem?
Answer: Massively fertile coastal plain that can support plenty of people. Total agricultural land in the EU is 137 million hectares, while China's is 520 million hectares. And it is a problem because of too much population in one land using up all the resources.
54. The table shows the composition of the urine of four people.
Which person is most likely to be suffering from kidney failure?
person urea content of urine
high
high
low
low
A
13
10
D
water content of urine
low
high
low
high
Drag each characteristic to the correct category.
Viruses do not possess all the characteristics of life. Identify those characteristics that viruses display and those they don’t display.
made up of one or more cells
has a defined boundary
uses energy
exhibits growth and development
possesses internal organization
eliminates waste
Viruses are the acellular organisms that are non-living outside any living body. But once they are present inside a living body, they are able to multiply and increase their numbers inside the host cell. For this the viruses use host's energy and other components. They takeover host cell's machinery.
The internal organization of the viruses is composed of a genetic material either DNA or RNA, which is covered by a protein coat called the capsid. Viruses may or may not have an outer envelope made up of lipid.
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Fireflies make their own light. The light they give off looks green. The spectrum of their light is shown. Describe how you would use a tool to see the spectrum of a firefly's light. Explain what the spectrum tells you about the light the firefly gives off. Include a comparison of the wavelengths of the light
The spectrum of the firefly can be msured by the use of a spectrometer by looking at the wavelengths of the different colors that we can see from the firefly.
What is a spectrum?We know that the term spectrum would have to do with the arrangement of wavelengths in a particular order. One of the things that we must know is that the spectrum of any object that gives out light can be measured so that the wavelength of the emitted light can be obtained.
The instrument that can be used in the measurement of the spectrum of the firefly is the spectrometer. This is a device that is specially designed in such a way that it can be able to pick up different wavelengths and analyze them.
The analysis of the light that is being given off by the firefly would enable us to be able to obtain the kind of light that we are getting from the firefly that we have studied.
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what organelle makes carbon dioxide?
Answer:
Mitochondria
Explanation:
The organelle that will use up oxygen and give off carbon dioxide and water is the mitochondria. The mitochondria is a membrane bound organelle used by eukaryotic cells to carry out cellular respiration.
PLEASE MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!!Answer: The answer to that would be mitochondria.
The mitochondria is an organelle used by eukaryotic cells to help carry out cellular respiration.
We just reviewed this in my science class but I'm not that sure if it's what you were looking for!!!
What is heart wood made
of?
A. the center rings that are dark and no
longer work as they are filled with resin this is answer
B. the outer layer of rings that are
rough and have a waxy protective
coating
C. the lighter rings of a tree that are
the living tissue
Answer: A. the center rings that are dark and no longer work as they are filled with resin
Which statement describes the cyclic nature of seafloor spreading?
A. Continents are created
B. New oceanic crust is created
C. Volcanoes erupt and remove crust
D. The old crust gets thicker at subduction zones
Please hurry i have 10 minutes left
Answer:
volcanoes erupt and remove crust
Answer: the answer is C. Volcanoes erupt and remove crust
Explanation: I got it right on edge 2021
25. (03.06 LC)
In which zone would you expect to find the least amount of biodiversity due to the variable conditions it experiences? (3 points)
Sublittoral zone
Low intertidal zone
High littoral zone
O Middle intertidal zone
In the High Littoral Zone one can expect to find the least amount of biodiversity.
What are Littoral Zone?
When sunlight is present at the sediment level, aquatic plants that are partially to totally submerged flourish and are said to be in the littoral zone of an aquatic ecosystem(river, lake, or sea). Numerous nutrients, dissolved oxygen, water velocity, and alternate periods of submersion and exposure are other characteristics.
What is Biodiversity?
The variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms like bacteria that make up our natural environment are all included in what is known as biodiversity. These various species and organism collaborate in complicated web-like ecosystems to keep things in balance and support life.Biodiversity supports everything in nature that we need to survive: food, clean water, medicine, and shelter.
Therefore, High Littoral Zone would be the correct answer.
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Which of the following distinguishes the first step of waste disposal, no matter the system?
Responses
gather
use
transport
treat
Answer: it is gather
Explanation:
Answer: The correct answer is gather
Explanation: This answer has been confirmed correct.
The steps for waste disposal (in order) are; gathering, storing, treating, transporting, and using.