Answer: each element contains differing numbers of electrons and thus different energy levels.
Explanation: All of the atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons, but could differ in the number of neutrons or the number of electrons. If the number of electrons changes, the atom becomes a charged particle and is called an ion. Each atom has a set of energy levels associated with it.
round off the following numbers to three significant figures.
1.) 4325
2.) 7.8939
Answer:
1) 433 (check screenshot)
2) 7.89
Sf3 , has a tetrahedral electron-pair geometry and a trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry. the hybridization of the central sulfur atom is ________.
Sf3 , has a tetrahedral electron-pair geometry and a trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry. the hybridization of the central sulfur atom is 5.
What do you mean by hybridization?Hybridization in Chemistry is defined as concept of mixing two atomic orbitals to give rise to a new type of hybridized orbitals. This intermixing usually results in formation of hybrid orbitals having entirely different energies, shapes, etc. The atomic orbitals of same energy level mainly take part in hybridization. However, both the fully filled and half-filled orbitals can also take part in this process, provided they have equal energy.
On the other hand, we can say that concept of hybridization is an extension of the valence bond theory and it helps us to understand the formation of bonds, bond energies and bond lengths.
Redistribution of energy of orbitals of individual atoms to give orbitals of equivalent energy happens when two atomic orbitals combine to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule. This process is called hybridization. During process of hybridization, atomic orbitals of comparable energies are mixed together and mostly involves the merging of two ‘s’ orbitals or two ‘p’ orbitals or mixing of an ‘s’ orbital with a ‘p’ orbital as well as ‘s’ orbital with a ‘d’ orbital. The new orbitals thus formed are known as the hybrid orbitals. More significantly, hybrid orbitals are quite useful in the explaining atomic bonding properties and molecular geometry.
Here is a formula to find the hybridization:
(V+M-C+A)/2
(6+3–0+1)/2 = 5
Hybridization: sp3d
Geometry: Trigonal Bipyramidal
Shape: T-shaped
V is the valence electrons of the central atom.
M is the number of monovalent atom (which makes single bond with central atom).
C and A are number of the cation and the anion.
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consider the reaction . how much carbon dioxide (co2) is produced in the complete combustion of 100.0 g of methane (ch4)? c
The mass of CO2 produced is 275 g.
What is combustion?The term combustion refers to the situation in which a substance is burnt in oxygen. We have to first write down the equation of the reaction as follows;
[tex]CH_{4} + 2O_{2} ---- > CO_{2} + 2H_2}O[/tex]
Number of moles of methane = 100.0 g / 16 g/mol = 6.25 moles
Now;
1 mole of methane produces 1 mole CO2
6.25 moles of methane produces 6.25 moles of CO2
Mass of CO2 = 6.25 moles * 44 g/mol
= 275 g
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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 275 grams of CO₂ are formed in the complete combustion of 100.0 g of methane.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₄: 1 moleO₂: 2 molesCO₂: 1 mole H₂O: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
CH₄: 16 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleCO₂: 44 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₄: 1 mole ×16 g/mole= 16 gramsO₂: 2 moles ×32 g/mole= 64 gramsCO₂: 1 mole ×44 g/mole= 44 gramsH₂O: 2 moles ×18 g/mole= 36 gramsMass of CO₂ formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 16 grams of CH₄ form 44 grams of CO₂, 100 grams of CH₄ form how much mass of CO₂?
mass of CO₂= (100 grams of CH₄× 44 grams of CO₂)÷ 16 grams of CH₄
mass of CO₂= 275 grams
Finally, 275 grams of CO₂ are formed in the complete combustion of 100.0 g of methane.
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to use tlc, it is necessary to be able to see where the spots are after eluting and drying the plate. which of the following are possible ways to see where the compounds are on the plate. most compounds make complexes when exposed to iodine vapor, and the iodine is intensely colored. some compounds are naturally colored, so you just need to look.
To use tlc, it is necessary to be able to see where the spots are after eluting and drying the plate.
What is TLC?
Non-volatile mixtures can be separated using the chromatography technique known as thin-layer chromatography (TLC). On a piece of glass, plastic, or aluminium foil that has been covered with a thin layer of an adsorbent substance—typically silica gel, aluminium oxide (alumina), or cellulose—thin-layer chromatography is carried out.
As a quick and non-destructive technique, using UV light to identify spots (compounds) on a TLC plate is quite popular. UV light is significantly absorbed by aromatic systems and highly conjugated systems. The majority of TLC plates include zinc sulphide, which gives them a green appearance when exposed to short-wavelength UV.
Iodine sublimes and reacts with the compounds on the TLC plate when the plate is placed in the chamber and covered, producing yellow-brown blotches (Figure 2.33d). Iodine interacts with numerous chemical molecules to produce colourful complexes, which causes the colouring. About half of the possible chemicals will work with this stain.
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6. Makes sure that oxygen is absorbed into
the blood.
a. Circulatory System
b. Digestive System
c. Respiratory System
d. Excretory System
describe how private citizens have a voice in which projects the federal government will fund.
Explanation:
Two main ways, free elections, casting your vote for the candidate supporting your goals. Second, Lobbying the sitting gov.
Manganese is composed of two stable isotopes: Mn-54 and Mn-57. Use the periodic table
and predict which of these isotopes is more abundant. Explain your prediction.
Why is the mass in amu of a carbon atom reported as 12.011 in the periodic table of the
elements?
The more abundant isotope of manganese is Mn-54 because the average atomic mass of manganese is 54.938 amu.
What are isotopes?The term isotopes refers to the fact that atoms of an element are not exactly alike. The atoms of an element has the same atomic number (which is the signature of the element) but not the same mass number. The mass number of the element has to do with the number of neutrons.
Now we know that the atomic mass of elements is not a whole number because of the existence of isotopes. The relative atomic masses is obtained as the sum of the products of the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each isotope.
The more abundant isotope of manganese is Mn-54 because the average atomic mass of manganese is 54.938 amu.
The reason why the relative atomic mass of the carbon atom is 12.011 in the periodic table of the elements is because this is the weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of carbon,
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A student compares the boiliing point of a substance having different intermolecular forces. which dependent variable did the student most likely use?
When the student compares the boiling point of a substance having different intermolecular forces, the dependent variable which the student most likely to use is the boiling point.
The dependent variable is the variable in an experiment which is to be measured or to be tested, whereas the independent variable is the variable which is changed or has been controlled during the experiment. The independent variable is most likely used to test the effects produced by the dependent variable.
The dependent variable which the student used in experiment is the boiling point because heat supplied determines whether substance is boiled or not boiled on the basis of the intermolecular forces present in them.
The independent variable is responsible for the changes during an experiment and it does not rely on the results of experiment.
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Lauryn serves a volleyball with a mass of 2.1 kg. The ball leaves her hand with a speed of 30 m/s. Find the energy of the ball.
Answer: 1/2 X 2.1 kg X 30m/s^2 = 945 Joules
Explanation:
Solid iron(iii) oxide reacts with hydrogen gas to form solid iron and liquid water. express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cast-iron (III) oxide and hydrogen gas to form solid iron and liquid water is:
Fe₂O₃(s) + 3 H₂(g) ⇒ 2 Fe(s) + 3 H₂O(l)
Let's consider the unbalanced equation that happens when solid iron (III) oxide reacts with hydrogen gas to form solid iron and liquid water. this is often a redox reaction.
Fe₂O₃(s) + H₂(g) ⇒ Fe(s) + H₂O(l)
We can balance it using the trial and error method. First, we'll balance O atoms by multiplying H₂O by 3.
Fe₂O₃(s) + H₂(g) ⇒ Fe(s) + 3 H₂O(l)
Then, we balance H atoms by multiplying H₂ by 3.
Fe₂O₃(s) + 3 H₂(g) ⇒ Fe(s) + 3 H₂O(l)
Finally, we get the balanced equation by multiplying Fe by 2.
Fe₂O₃(s) + 3 H₂(g) ⇒ 2 Fe(s) + 3 H₂O(l)
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cast-iron (III) oxide and hydrogen gas to form solid iron and liquid water is:
Fe₂O₃(s) + 3 H₂(g) ⇒ 2 Fe(s) + 3 H₂O(l)
What is the balance formula equation?A balanced equation is an equation for a reaction in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products. In other words, the mass and therefore the charge are balanced on both sides of the reaction
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a compound contains only c, h, and n. combustion of 35.0 mg of the compound produces 53.0 mg co2 and 32.6 mg h2o. what is the empirical formula of the compound?
Consequently, the compound and empirical formula will be:
Methanediamine, CH₃N.
How to determine the mass of Carbon
Mass of CO₂ = 53 mg
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
Molar of C = 12 g/mol
Mass of C =?
Mass of C = (12 / 44) × 53
Mass of C = 14.45 mg
How to determine the mass of H
Mass of H₂O = 32.6 mg
Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Molar of H = 2 × 1 = 2 g/mol
Mass of H =?
Mass of H = (2 / 18) × 32.6
Mass of H = 3.62 mg
How to determine the mass of N
Mass of compound = 35 mg
Mass of C = 14.45 mg
Mass of H = 3.62 mg
Mass of N =?
Mass of N = (mass of compound) – (mass of C + mass of H)
Mass of N = 35 – (14.45 + 3.62)
Mass of N = 16.93 mg
How to determine the empirical formula
C = 14.45 mg
H = 3.62 mg
N = 16.93 mg
Empirical formula =?
Divide by their molar mass
C = 14.45 / 12 = 1.204
H = 3.62 / 1 = 3.62
N = 16.93 / 14 = 1.209
Divide by the smallest
C = 1.204 / 1.204 = 1
H = 3.62 / 1.204 = 3
N = 1.209 / 1.204 = 1
Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is CH₃N
What is empirical formula?An empirical formula is a compound's chemical formula that only specifies the ratios of the elements it contains and not the precise number or arrangement of atoms. The element in the compound with the lowest whole number ratio would be this one.
An empirical formula is used to indicate the simplest whole-number ratio of the various atoms in a molecule.
The precise number of various atom types present in a compound's molecule is indicated by the molecular formula.
Empirical formulae are beneficial since figuring out the molecular formula can be immensely aided by knowing the relative amounts of each constituent in a molecule.
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How many hudrogen bonds exist between this dna strand and its complementary stang?
The Guanine-Cytosine base pair is joined by three hydrogen bonds, the Adenine-Thymine base pair is bound together by two hydrogen bonds.
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an organic molecule that has instructions for protein production and genetic data. Every cell in an organism contains it to some extent. DNA is an essential component of reproduction, and it is through the transmission of DNA from a parent or parents to offspring that genetic inheritance is transmitted.
The double helix form of DNA is made up of two connected strands that spiral around one another to resemble a twisted ladder. The backbone of each strand is composed of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate groups. Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine are the four bases that are joined to each sugar.
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examine the following order of elution of compounds containing certain functional groups from fastest to slowest, and indicate which mistake has been made.hydrocarbons, olefins, ethers, amines, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, aromatics, and carboxylic acids
On examining the following order we can say that ethers and esters got switced.
Alkyl halides, saturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, ketones, amines, alcohols, phenols, and acids are typically eluted from columns in the following order. Salts and polymeric substances frequently do not elute. From fastest to slowest elution, the following substances are roughly in order based on polarity: hydrocarbons, olefins, ethers, halocarbons, aromatics, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, amines, and acids.
Be aware that regardless of the polarity of the compounds, the more polar the solvent, the quicker the chemicals elute. This means that the order in which chemicals elute from a TLC or column cannot be altered by altering the solvent's polarity. So, on examining the following order we can say that ethers and esters got switced.
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Consider two samples of water of equal mass; one that is at 20. 0 °c and the other is at 30. 0 °c. Please compare the volume of these two water samples, and explain how you determined this conclusion.
The volume of water at 30°C will be more than the volume of water at 20 °C because of the property of thermal expansion.
We generally observe that objects around us expand on heating.
Expansion due to heating is known as thermal expansion. It is of the following 3 types-
Increase in Length - Linear ExpansionIncrease in Area - Area ExpansionIncrease in Volume - Volume ExpansionWhen a liquid like water is heated from a lower temperature to a higher temperature its volume expands which means that it undergoes volume expansion.
Thus, The volume of water at 30°C will be more than the volume of water at 20°C because of the property of thermal expansion.
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Which two phase transitions can liquid undergo? (2 answers)
A. melting
B. depostion
C. vaporization
D. freezing
E. sublimation
based on the graph witch data point is most likey to have experimental error?
According to the kinetic molecular theory, where does the pressure exerted by a gas in a container come from?
collisions between the gas particles and the walls of the container.
What is kinetic molecular theory?
The assumption that matter is made up of microscopic particles that are always in motion forms the foundation of the kinetic-molecular theory, which explains the states of matter. The observable characteristics and behaviours of solids, liquids, and gases are explained by this theory. We can better comprehend why matter exists in different stages (such as solid, liquid, and gas) and how it can transition from one stage to another thanks to the kinetic theory of matter. One may also think about various properties of matter using the kinetic theory of matter.
Therefore,
According to the kinetic molecular theory, where does the pressure exerted by a gas in a container come from collisions between the gas particles and the walls of the container.
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arrange the following amines in order of decreasing water solubility, putting the most soluble amine first.
Amines in order of decreasing water solubility, putting the most soluble amine first is 2, 1, 3.
What is the solubility of amine in water?
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules and lower aliphatic amines are possible. These amines are therefore water soluble.
The molar mass of amines increases with an increase in the size of the hydrophobic alkyl component. Its solubility in water is often reduced as a result. Higher amines cannot be dissolved in water. Alcohol, benzene, and ether are examples of organic solvents that easily dissolve amines.
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If the solutions of nabr and hg(no3)2 are mixed, how many precipitation reactions will there be?
If the solutions of NaBr and Hg(NO₃)₂ are mixed, there will be one precipitation reaction.
What is a Precipitation Reaction?When dissolved substances react, one (or more) solid products are created, which is termed a precipitation reaction. These kinds of reactions, which are also occasionally known as double displacement, double replacement, or metathesis reactions, frequently involve the exchange of ions between ionic compounds in aqueous solutions.The development of a solid form residue known as the precipitate occurs during precipitation reactions, which are typically double displacement processes.Additionally, when two or more solutions containing various salts are mixed, these reactions take place, resulting in the creation of insoluble salts that precipitate out of the solution.The precipitation reaction of the given reaction is
NaBr + Hg(NO₃)₂ ⇒ HgBr₂ + NaNO₃.
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write and explain ten careers opportunity in chemistry
Chemistry careers range in nature, pay, and educational requirements;
Chemical analyst
An analytical chemist analyses the composition and quantity of substances as well as how these elements may behave and interact with one another.
Which nation offers the finest jobs in chemistry?Germany is the #1 destination for chemistry students looking to study abroad since it is known for its accommodating attitude toward foreign students. Due to Germany's dominance in Europe's chemical industry, several institutions there offer specialised courses designed for graduates who want to get into the workforce.
MSc. which the industries desire. For their senior scientist positions, most firms demand Ph.D. and post-doctoral fellows.
Engineer, Chemical
Designing and creating new goods from raw materials and changing materials' states are specialties.
as in the production of plastic from oil. Chemical engineers may work in practically any business, helping to create cutting-edge, high-end goods like biocompatible implants and ultra-strong materials.
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which of the following formulas represents a carbohydrate? which of the following formulas represents a carbohydrate? c3h7no2 c55h98o6 c10h16n5o13p3 c8h16o8
The formula that represents a carbohydrate is C8h16C8.
Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and have a hydrogen-to-oxygen ratio of 2:1
What is a carbohydrate?
Carbohydrates are a kind of macronutrient found in many foods and beverages. Most carbohydrates occur naturally in plant-based foods, like grains.
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In order to drive to the new camp the team can only drive during the day to avoid the
zombie's wake period. There are currently 11 safe hours in which to drive. The water rig
the team is driving will over heat at 40 miles an hour so they agreed to only drive 35
mph. How many miles will the team be driving?
The number of miles the team will be driving is 385 miles
What is speed?Speed is the distance travelled per unit. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Speed = distance / time
With the above formula, we can obtain the distance the team will drive. Details below
How to determine the distance the team will driveThe following data were obtained from the question:
Time = 11 hourSpeed = 35 mphDistance =?Speed = distance / time
Cross multiply
Distance = speed × time
Distance = 35 × 11
Distance = 385 miles
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Compared with a mercury barometer, the column height for an alcohol barometer would be?
An alcohol barometer would have a higher column height when compared to a mercury barometer. If the Magdeburg hemispheres were 2 km above the sea, it would be simpler to separate them. Two pistons make up a hydraulic device, one with a tiny cross-section area and the other with a larger cross-section area.
Give An explanation of a mercury barometerBarometric pressure, commonly known as air pressure or atmospheric pressure, is measured by a device called a mercury barometer using the various physical properties of mercury contained in a tube. Barometers are helpful instruments for weather forecasting since they can be used to predict impending changes in the weather. For instance, when the barometric pressure falls, it may indicate the impending arrival of storms, rain, or wind. On the other side, a rise in atmospheric pressure could suggest that dry, fair weather may start to develop soon. There is no assurance that the weather will behave as predicted, despite the fact that barometer reading interpretation is a fairly precise science.
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which of the following statements are true about the properties of both molecular and ionic compounds? select all that apply.
They are neutrally charged
They typically do not conduct electricity in solid state
Molecular compounds are formed when elements share electrons in a covalent bond to form molecules.Ionic compounds are formed by the strong electrostatic interactions between the ions.Ionic compounds have high boiling and meltin point and electrical conductivity than covalent compounds.Eventhough,the molecular compounds and ionic compounds have some similarities in their properties.They both are electrically neutral.The molecules formed due to both molecular and ionic compound are electrically neutral.In ionic bonding,the two charges join and cancel each other out,and in covalent bonding,two electrically neutral components come together.So,both the compounds are electrically neutral.Ionic compounds conducts electricity in aqueous or molten solution,it is because of their ions are very free to move.Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in solid state.Molecular or covalent compounds do not conduct electricity either in pure form or when dissolved in water.Molecular compounds do not conduct electricity because they do not transfer electrons unless they reacts.To know more about molecular compounds visit : https://brainly.com/question/23088724
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The density of lead is 11.4g/cm^3. the mass of a lead ball with a radius of .50mm is?
The mass of a lead ball with a radius of .50mm is 5.9714226×[tex]10^{6}[/tex] g
A substance's density is defined as its mass per unit of volume. Density is most frequently represented by the symbol, however Latin letter D may also be used. The formula for density is mass divided by volume.
ρ = m/v
For, v = 4/3π[tex]r^{3}[/tex]
v = 4/3×3.14×[tex]50^{3}[/tex]
v = 523,809 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex]
As, density = mass / volume
11.4 = mass / 523,809
mass = 5971422.6 g
mass = 5.9714226×[tex]10^{6}[/tex] g
So, the mass of a lead ball with a radius of .50mm is 5.9714226×[tex]10^{6}[/tex] g
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in order to grow reproduce, what do you think yeast needs?
Answer:
Yeast reproduce asexually by a process called budding. Yeasts need alot of oxygen for growth.
Explanation:
If a 500 ml sample of water contains 2.6 x 10-6 g of iron, what is the concentration of iron in ppb?
a. 5.2 ppb
b. 5.2 x 10-7 ppb
c. 5200 ppb
d. 5.2 x 10-3 ppb
The concentration of iron in ppb is 5.2 ppb
In atmospheric chemistry, PPM( parts per million) and PPB( parts per billion) units are used to express the concentration of gases. PPB stands for parts per billion, while PPM stands for parts of gas per million parts of air.
2.6 × 10⁻⁶ grams of iron in 500 ml of water.
Now, converting milliliter into liter:
500 mL = 500 mL × ( 1L / 1000 mL ) = 0.5 L
Now for ppm, mass must be in mg.
2.6 × 10⁻⁶ grams = 2.6 × 10⁻⁶ grams × ( 1000 mg / 1 grams ) = 2.6 × 10⁻³ mg
Then, the concentration of iron in ppm will be:
2.6 × 10⁻³ mg / 0.5 L = 5.2 × 10⁻³ ppm
Now, 1 ppm = 1000 ppb
Therefore,
5.2 × 10⁻³ ppm × 10³ = 5.2 ppb
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james chadwick discovered this particle, which was the last of the subatomic particles to be characterized.
James chadwick discovered this particle neutron also neutrino called as is last of the subatomic particles to be characterized.
In 1932 james chadwick announced that the core also contained a new uncharged particle, which he called the neutron. neutron is also called neutrino he proved the existence of neutrons elementary particles devoid of any electrical charge. james chadwick was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel prize in physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.
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Calculate the maximum concentration (in m) of silver ions (ag ) in a solution that contains of co32-. the ksp of ag2co3 is
Acetylcholinesterase equilibrium equation is Ag2CO3(s) <---> 2 Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq)
What is Acetylcholinesterase ?Following the transmission of information between two nerve cells or neurons, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is hydrolyzed by the enzyme acetylcholine esterase. Choline and acetate result from the breakdown of acetylcholine (also called acetic acid). Acetate will permeate the presynaptic cell's membrane and choline will travel through it to allow for the reuse of the components.
In order for a muscle cell to contract, acetylcholine transmits a signal from a nerve cell to its receptors. A breakdown of the acetylcholine is then performed to prevent misunderstanding with brand-new neurotransmitters.
Due to their potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties (see parasympathomimetic), many nerve agents and neurotoxins have the ability to constantly induce the contraction of muscle cells. This can cause death when consumed in big numbers.
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The density of steel is about 8.0g/cm³ and the density of water is 1.0 g/cm³ . If the mass of steel used for the ship is 50,000 kg, what would the volume need to be for the ship to float on water?
In order for the ship to float, the volume of the ship must be equal to or greater than 50,000,000 cm³.
What would be the volume of the ship in order for it to float on water?According to the principle of floatation, a body will float in a liquid if it displaces a weight of liquid equal to its own weight.
Therefore, for the ship to float in water, it must displace a weight of water at least equal or greater than its own weight.
Considering the data given:
The density of steel = 8.0g/cm³
the density of water is 1.0 g/cm³
the mass of steel used for the ship = 50,000 kg
Based on the principle of floatation, mass of water to be displaced is equal to the mass of the ship.
Mass of water to be displaced = 50000 kg
Mass of water to be displaced in g = 50,000,000 g
Volume of 50000000 g of water = 50,000,000 g * 1.0 g/cm³
Volume of 50000000 g of water = 50,000,000 cm³
Therefore, volume of the ship must be equal to or greater than 50,000,000 cm³ for the ship to float.
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