A stock has returns for five years of 14 percent, -16 percent, 12 percent, 23 percent, and 4 percent, respectively. a. The average return on the stock was? b. The variance of return for the stock was? c. The standard deviation was?

Extremely attainable budget goals, which are common in most businesses, may contribute to manager confidence and increase management commitment to the budget.

Set clear objectives for future operations, put strategies into action to attain them, and frequently assess how well you did.

Managers can see how their area fits into the overall business thanks to budgets. It forces them to examine the discrepancy between the outcomes that were budgeted for and the actual results and assess whether they can be fixed.

In most businesses, the controller is the managerial role that has the closest ties to the budgeting role.

To Know more about management

https://brainly.com/question/14523862

#SPJ1

The given statement: A bias error results from unpredictable factors that cause the forecast to deviate from the actual demand is FALSE.

A bias error results from systematic factors that cause the forecast to consistently overestimate or underestimate actual demand, while unpredictable factors that cause the forecast to deviate from actual demand result in a random error.

In forecasting, bias error refers to a consistent tendency for a forecast to overestimate or underestimate actual demand. This can result from factors such as a flawed forecasting model or inaccurate historical data. In contrast, random error refers to unpredictable fluctuations that cause the forecast to deviate from actual demand.

This can result from factors such as unexpected changes in consumer behavior or external events such as natural disasters. Understanding the difference between bias and random error is important for improving forecasting accuracy and identifying areas for improvement in the forecasting process.

To know more about actual demand, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29807947#
#SPJ11

Robert Reich suggests that the recent rise in micro-entrepreneurship can be attributed to the erosion of traditional employment options and the increasing prevalence of gig economy jobs.

With the decline of stable, full-time employment opportunities and the rise of temporary, part-time, or gig economy jobs, more individuals are turning to micro-entrepreneurship as a means of earning income and gaining greater control over their work.

Reich argues that the changing nature of work and the economy, with greater income inequality and job insecurity, has led to a rise in individuals seeking alternative ways to make a living, such as starting their own small businesses or engaging in freelance work.

This trend may also be fueled by advancements in technology and digital platforms that have made it easier for individuals to start and operate small businesses with lower barriers to entry.

To know more about entrepreneurship, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/31162189#

#SPJ11

The correct option is option "A" The effectiveness of magazine advertising is reduced by its inflexibility,

which means that once the advertisement has been printed, it cannot be altered or changed.

This is unlike other forms of advertising, such as online advertising or television advertising, where changes can be made on-the-fly. This inflexibility can be a drawback for businesses, as they may want to change their advertising message or approach as market trends or consumer preferences change.
Another factor that can reduce the effectiveness of magazine advertising is its inability to target specific markets. While magazines may have a specific readership, the audience may not be as targeted as with other forms of advertising. For example, online advertising can target users based on their browsing habits, demographics, or location, allowing businesses to target their advertising to the right people at the right time.
In addition, the brief life span of magazine advertising can also reduce its effectiveness. Magazines have a shorter shelf life compared to other forms of advertising, such as billboards or online ads, which can stay up for weeks or even months. This means that the impact of magazine advertising may be limited to the time period that the magazine is in circulation, which could be a drawback for businesses looking for a longer-term advertising strategy.
Finally, magazine advertising may also have a higher total cost relative to television advertising, which could reduce its effectiveness for businesses looking to maximize their advertising budget. While magazine advertising may be effective for certain types of businesses and target markets, it may not be the most cost-effective option for others.

So, the correct answer is option A

for more such questions on  magazine .

https://brainly.com/question/29847585

#SPJ11

The correct answer is A) inflexibility. Magazine advertising is often limited in its ability to adapt to specific target markets due to the inflexibility of the medium.

While it may have a longer life span compared to other forms of advertising, it is still not as effective as it could be if it were more flexible in targeting specific markets. Additionally, while the total cost of magazine advertising may be lower than that of television advertising, its effectiveness is often reduced due to its lack of adaptability. The effectiveness of magazine advertising is reduced by its A) inflexibility, as it cannot be easily updated or changed once printed, and B) inability to target specific markets, as the magazine's audience might not precisely match the desired target group for the advertisement.

Learn more about advertising here:

https://brainly.com/question/16257206

#SPJ11

i. The duration of the pension fund's obligation to you is calculated using the weighted average maturity of the payments. Since the payments are made once a year for 10 years and the first payment comes in 5 years, the duration of the obligation is 7.5 years ((5x1 + 6x1 + 7x1 + 8x1 + 9x1 + 10x1)/10).

ii. To construct an immunized position, the pension fund needs to invest in zero-coupon bonds that have maturities equal to the duration of its obligation. The 5-year and 20-year zero-coupon bonds are appropriate for this purpose. The amount of money to be placed in each bond can be calculated using the formula:

Amount to be invested in bond = (Present value of obligation)/(Present value of bond)

Assuming a 10% interest rate, the present value of your obligation is KES 54,287. The present value of a 5-year zero-coupon bond with a face value of KES 1,000 and a 10% yield is KES 613. The present value of a 20-year zero-coupon bond with a face value of KES 1,000 and a 10% yield is KES 148. Therefore, the amount to be invested in the 5-year bond is KES 88.52 (rounded to the nearest cent) and the amount to be invested in the 20-year bond is KES 366.11.

iii. The face value of the holdings in each zero can be calculated using the formula:

Face value of bond = (Amount invested in bond)/(Present value of bond)

Using the amounts invested in each bond calculated in part ii, the face value of the 5-year bond is KES 144.50 (rounded to the nearest cent) and the face value of the 20-year bond is KES 2,469.26 (rounded to the nearest cent).

to know more about the duration of its obligation:

https://brainly.com/question/4747610

#SPJ11

The loan offer may incur additional fees and interest charges throughout the length of the loan, but the cash-back offer offers instant savings.

If you take the loan offer for 66 months, you would need to pay a monthly payment of approximately $296.97. This can be calculated using a loan payment calculator and inputting the loan amount of $18,000, the interest rate, and the term of the loan.

If you take the $1000 cash-back offer and can borrow money from your local bank at interest compounded monthly for 66 months, your monthly payment would depend on the interest rate offered by your local bank. Let's say the interest rate offered is 5%. In this case, your monthly payment would be approximately $297.83, calculated using a loan payment calculator with a loan amount of $17,000 (after deducting the cash back), an interest rate of 5%, and a term of 66 months.

Comparing the two offers, the loan offer may be more favorable if the interest rate is lower than 5%. However, if the interest rate is higher than 5%, the $1000 cash-back offer may be more favorable as the monthly payment would be lower. Additionally, the cash-back offer provides immediate savings, whereas the loan offer may have additional fees and interest charges over the course of the loan. Ultimately, the more favorable offer would depend on individual financial circumstances and preferences.

Learn more about interest charges here

https://brainly.com/question/24146107

#SPJ11

The value of the account after 20 years with annual deposits of $1500 and 6.5% interest rate is approximately $60,166.56.

To calculate this, we can use the formula for the future value of an annuity:

FV = P * ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r

where FV is the future value of the account, P is the annual deposit, r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of years.

Substituting the given values, we get:

FV = 1500 * ((1 + 0.065)^20 - 1) / 0.065

FV = $60,166.56

Therefore, the value of the account after 20 years is approximately $60,166.56.

For more questions like Interest click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/30393144

#SPJ11

Opportunity cost refers to the cost of choosing one option over another. It is the value of the best alternative foregone. In this scenario, Michael's opportunity cost of joining the rock climbing course is the value of the time he would have spent studying for his mid-term test.

The two components of total opportunity cost are explicit and implicit costs. Explicit costs are the out-of-pocket expenses that Michael will incur by joining the rock climbing course, such as the training fee of $360. Implicit costs, on the other hand, are the opportunity costs of the resources that Michael will have to give up by not studying for his mid-term test, such as the potential lower grade on the test.

Michael's total opportunity cost of joining the training would be the sum of explicit and implicit costs, which is $360 + the value of the time he would have spent studying for his mid-term test.

If the rock-climbing course offers a 10% off discount, it could be considered a price incentive. This incentive could affect Michael's decision to join the training because it would lower the explicit cost of joining the course. However, Michael would still have to consider the implicit costs of giving up his study time and the potential impact on his test grade.

To know more about Opportunity cost visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30516806

#SPJ11

One disadvantage of the functional structure is that D. communication can be difficult among organizational functions

In a functional structure, employees are grouped based on their specialized skills and expertise, such as finance, marketing, or operations. This grouping allows for efficiency within each department, as tasks are completed by experts in their respective fields.

However, this structure may lead to communication challenges between different functions, as each department becomes focused on its objectives and goals. This can create silos, making it difficult for departments to effectively collaborate and share information. Consequently, the organization may struggle to address cross-functional issues or achieve broader objectives.


In summary, the functional structure can result in communication difficulties among organizational functions, which may impede collaboration, hinder innovation, and make it challenging for the organization to achieve its overall goals. Therefore the correct option is D.

Know more about cross-functional issues  here:

https://brainly.com/question/29990546

#SPJ11

To determine the rate of return that Shawhan Supply must earn on its investments to maintain its current value, we need to calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) based on the given capital structure and required return on each component.

First, we will calculate the cost of each component:

- Debt: 10%
- Preferred stock: 11%
- Common stock: 18%

Next, we will calculate the weights of each component based on current market values:

- Debt: 30%
- Preferred stock: 20%
- Common stock: 50%

Using these values, we can calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC):

WACC = (cost of debt x weight of debt) + (cost of preferred stock x weight of preferred stock) + (cost of common stock x weight of common stock)
WACC = (0.10 x 0.30) + (0.11 x 0.20) + (0.18 x 0.50)
WACC = 0.03 + 0.022 + 0.09
WACC = 0.142 or 14.2%

Therefore, Shawhan Supply must earn a rate of return of 14.2% on its investments to maintain its current value.

Based on the answer choices given, the closest answer is D) 14.3%. This is likely due to rounding errors in the calculation. Therefore, the correct answer is D) 14.3%.

To know more about weighted average cost of capital refer here

https://brainly.com/question/28561354#

#SPJ11

The anticipated price of the stock in four years is roughly $13.53.

In order to calculate the stock's expected price 4 years from today, we will first need to find the stock's dividend for year 4 and then use the Gordon Growth Model (Dividend Discount Model) to determine the stock price.

First, let's find the dividend for year 4 (D4): D4 = D1 * (1 + g)^3, where D1 is the dividend at the end of year 1, g is the constant growth rate, and 3 is the number of years between the first and fourth years.

D4 = $1.25 * (1 + 0.02)^3 = $1.25 * 1.061208 = $1.32651

Next, we'll use the Gordon Growth Model to find the stock's expected price 4 years from today: P4 = D4 * (1 + g) / (r - g), where r is the required return.

P4 = $1.32651 * (1 + 0.02) / (0.12 - 0.02) = $1.3530382 / 0.1 = $13.53038

So, the stock's expected price 4 years from today is approximately $13.53.

For more such questions on stock, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/26128641

#SPJ11

False. While a firm may be producing at its minimum efficient scale, increasing output slightly will not necessarily lead to diseconomies of scale.

Diseconomies of scale occur when a firm's average costs rise as production increases, due to inefficiencies. In some cases, a firm may be able to increase production without experiencing diseconomies of scale, as long as the firm is able to keep its costs down.

For instance, if the firm is able to invest in more efficient technology and use economies of scale to its advantage, then it may be able to increase production without experiencing diseconomies of scale. Additionally, a firm may be able to increase production without experiencing diseconomies of scale if it is able to increase its production capacity while keeping costs down.

In short, while a firm may be producing at its minimum efficient scale, increasing its output slightly will not necessarily lead to diseconomies of scale.

Know more about Diseconomies here

https://brainly.com/question/27960803#

#SPJ11

Answer to Question 2: True. In the United States, there are more domestic U.S. stocks than mutual funds.

Answer to Question 3: False. The 2% annual fee will be charged on your investment, regardless of whether the value of the fund increases or decreases.

Explanation: Question 2 highlights that the number of domestic U.S. stocks is greater than the number of mutual funds in the United States. Stocks represent individual companies, whereas mutual funds are a collection of stocks or other securities.

Question 3 refers to an actively managed mutual fund with a 2% annual fee.

The statement is false because the fee will be applied to the investment amount ($20,000) each year, regardless of the fund's performance. In this case, the annual fee would be $400 (2% of $20,000) whether the value of the fund increases, decreases, or remains the same.

To know more about mutual funds click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/13247161#

#SPJ11

True. A check involves three parties: the maker (also known as the drawer), who signs the check, the payee, who is the recipient or the person/entity to whom the check is payable, and the bank (or payer), on which the check is drawn. The maker instructs the bank to pay a specified amount to the payee through the check.

Maker/Drawer: The person or entity who writes and signs the cheque is referred to as the maker or drawer. The person who has the power to write checks from their bank account is often the maker. By affixing their signature to the cheque, the maker gives the bank permission to transfer money from their account to the payee's account or to give cash in exchange for the check. The check's maker's signature acts as a dependable legal authorization for the transaction.

Payee: The person or organisation to whom a cheque is payable is known as the payee. They are the one who will receive the money listed on the cheque. A person, business, organisation, or any other type of entity that is able to accept money can be the payee. On checks, the "pay to the order of" line usually includes the payee's name. Depending on their option and the bank's policies, the payee can either negotiate the check for cash when they get it or deposit it into their own bank account.

Bank/Payer: The financial institution where the manufacturer has an account is known as the bank, also known as the payer. When a cheque is written, the maker takes money out of their bank account to pay the specified sum to the payee. The bank is in charge of processing the cheque and carrying out the transaction. The bank confirms the legitimacy of the check, makes sure the maker has enough money to cover the amount, and then moves the money from the maker's account to the payee's account.

To know more about check

https://brainly.com/question/29839006

#SPJ2

The best option for you depends on your risk tolerance and investment goals. Option c) provides a balanced approach, but it's important to remember that all investments come with risks. It's important to do your research and make informed decisions before investing your money.

Suppose you believe that AppX stock is going to increase in value in the next year. You have $6,000 to invest and are considering three options. The first option is to invest all $6,000 in the stock, buying 20 shares. The second option is to invest all $6,000 in 1,000 call options with an exercise price of $300 and selling at $6 per option. The third option is to buy 100 call options for $600 and invest the remaining $5,400 in a money market fund paying 6% in interest over six months, or 12% per year.

Option a) investing all $6,000 in the stock, would give you ownership of 20 shares. If the stock appreciates substantially in value, then you stand to make a decent profit. However, if the stock does not increase in value or decreases in value, then you stand to lose money.

Option b) investing all $6,000 in 1,000 options, would give you the potential to make a larger profit than option a) if the stock appreciates substantially in value. However, you could also lose your entire investment if the stock does not increase in value or decreases in value.

Option c) buying 100 options for $600 and investing the remaining $5,400 in a money market fund paying 6% in interest over six months, or 12% per year. This option provides a balance between risk and potential reward. The 100 options give you the potential to make a profit if the stock appreciates in value, and the money market fund provides a steady return on investment. This option also provides some downside protection if the stock does not increase in value.

For more about investment goals:

https://brainly.com/question/30002878

#SPJ11

According to the Automobile Lease Versus Purchase Analysis, buying the car is a better choice with a total cost of $19,890 compared to leasing with a total cost of $19,900.

This may surprise some people who assume that leasing is always the cheaper option. While leasing may offer lower monthly payments, the total cost can add up due to fees and restrictions on mileage and wear and tear.

I have never leased or known anyone who has leased a car, so I cannot speak from personal experience. However, I believe that the decision to lease or buy ultimately depends on individual circumstances such as budget, lifestyle, and preferences.

For more questions like Cost click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/30045916

#SPJ11

The presence or absence of taxes is essential to M&M Theory of Capital Structure's conclusions because interest payments increase a firm's taxable income.

Without taxes, there would be no benefit to debt financing and the theory's conclusions would not hold. With taxes, the theory suggests that firms should use debt to maximize the value of the firm.

This is because interest payments are tax-deductible, reducing the firm's taxable income and increasing its cash flow. Therefore, the more debt a firm has, the greater its tax shield and the lower its overall cost of capital, leading to an optimal capital structure.

To know more about taxable income click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/17961582#

#SPJ11

The beta of stock X is 0.79. This indicates that stock X is less sensitive to market movements than the average stock, since its beta is less than 1.

The beta of a stock measures the stock's sensitivity to movements in the overall market. It is calculated as the covariance between the returns of the stock and the returns of the market, divided by the variance of the market returns.

The formula for beta can be written as;

Beta = Cov(stock returns, market returns) / Var(market returns)

We are given that the standard deviation of stock X is 10%, and the standard deviation of the market is 12%. We can use the formula for the correlation coefficient to find the covariance between the returns of the stock and the returns of the market;

Corr(stock X, market) = Cov(stock returns, market returns) / (SD(stock returns) ×SD(market returns))

Solving for the covariance, we get;

Cov(stock returns, market returns) = Corr(stock X, market) * SD(stock returns) × SD(market returns)

Cov(stock returns, market returns) = 0.95 × 0.1 × 0.12

Cov(stock returns, market returns) = 0.0114

Next, we need to calculate the variance of the market returns:

Var(market returns) = SD(market returns)²

Var(market returns) = 0.12²

Var(market returns) = 0.0144

Finally, we can substitute the values we have calculated into the formula for beta;

Beta = Cov(stock returns, market returns)/Var(market returns)

Beta = 0.0114 / 0.0144

Beta = 0.79

Therefore, the beta of stock X is 0.79.

To know more about stock's here

https://brainly.com/question/28663581

#SPJ4

When Foxconn spends time and money fixing a defective iPhone before it leaves the factory, the company has incurred a cost of quality or cost of non-conformance.

Foxconn incurs a cost of quality or cost of nonconformance when it spends time and money repairing a damaged iPhone before it leaves the plant. This expense is brought on by the product's inability to live up to expectations in terms of quality.

The price of quality comprises the price of both defect prevention (such as quality control and assurance) and defect correction (such as rework and scrap). Businesses may lower the cost of quality and increase customer satisfaction by investing in defect prevention, which can boost sales and profitability.

Learn more about iPhone:

https://brainly.com/question/28732063

#SPJ4

Retailers often receive free assistance with display, inventory control, pricing, and promotion through a practice known as vendor support or trade support.

This type of support comes from product manufacturers and suppliers who want to ensure their products are effectively presented and sold in retail stores. Although no formal agreement may be required, the benefits of this collaboration include well-organized displays, efficient inventory management, competitive pricing, and strategic promotional campaigns.

Vendor support helps retailers showcase products in a visually appealing manner, drawing customers' attention and potentially boosting sales. Inventory control assistance ensures that products are consistently stocked and replenished, preventing stockouts and overstocking issues. Pricing support helps retailers maintain competitive pricing structures that benefit both the retailer and the supplier. Lastly, promotional support can include marketing materials, advertising campaigns, or even in-store demonstrations to generate interest in the products.

By leveraging vendor support, retailers can improve their store's overall performance, customer experience, and sales without entering into formal agreements or incurring additional costs. This collaboration benefits both the retailer and the supplier, creating a mutually beneficial relationship that ultimately benefits the end consumer as well.

Learn more about Vendor support here: https://brainly.com/question/30482684

#SPJ11

A credit history is a record of a person's borrowing and repayment activity, which is maintained by credit reporting agencies.

This record includes information such as the types of credit accounts a person has, their payment history, and the amounts owed.

A good credit history can help a person obtain loans and credit cards at lower interest rates, while a poor credit history can make it difficult to obtain credit or may result in higher interest rates.

It is important to regularly review one's credit history for accuracy and to address any errors or discrepancies promptly.

Read more about credit history here:

https://brainly.com/question/29339748

#SPJ1

The facility layout characterized by workers remaining in one location as the product moves from one worker to another with each person in turn performing his or her required tasks or activities is called the product layout, also known as the assembly line layout.

This layout is commonly used in manufacturing facilities, where a high volume of identical products are produced. In a product layout, the production process is broken down into sequential steps, and each worker performs a specific task at a designated workstation. As the product moves along the assembly line, each worker completes their task before passing it on to the next worker.

This layout can increase efficiency, reduce labor costs, and improve quality control as each worker becomes an expert in their specific task. However, it can also lead to boredom and repetitive motion injuries for workers.

Learn more about Product layout: https://brainly.com/question/29589744

#SPJ11

The SMM in month 5 is 0.15% rounded to four decimal places. This means that 0.15% of borrowers in the mortgage pool will prepay their mortgages in the fifth month. Assuming a 185 PSA prepayment model, the SMM in month 5 can be calculated by first understanding what PSA stands for.

PSA stands for the Public Securities Association, which is now known as the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA). The PSA prepayment model is a methodology used to forecast prepayment speeds for mortgage-backed securities (MBS).

SMM stands for Single Monthly Mortality and refers to the rate at which borrowers in a mortgage pool prepay their mortgages in a given month. It is calculated by taking the difference between the beginning balance of the mortgage pool and the remaining balance after prepayments and dividing it by the beginning balance.

Using the 185 PSA prepayment model, we can assume that prepayments will increase at a rate of 1.85% per year. Therefore, the SMM in month 5 can be calculated as follows:

SMM = 1 - (1 - PSA)^ (1/12)
SMM = 1 - (1 - 0.0185)^(1/12)
SMM = 0.0015 or 0.15%

To know more about prepayment model refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/17310157#

#SPJ11

Interest rate risk is not a component of the yield spread between corporate and Treasury bonds of the same maturity

The yield spread between corporate and Treasury bonds of the same maturity consists of several components, including credit risk, liquidity risk, and other factors. However, interest rate risk is not a component of yield spreads. Here's why:

1. Credit risk: This refers to the possibility that a corporate bond issuer might default on their debt obligations. Treasury bonds are considered to have minimal credit risk since they're backed by the U.S. government. Thus, credit risk is a component of the yield spread.

2. Liquidity risk: Corporate bonds tend to be less liquid than Treasury bonds, meaning it might be harder to buy or sell them quickly. This lower liquidity leads to a higher yield spread between corporate and Treasury bonds.

3. Interest rate risk: This refers to the risk of bond prices fluctuating due to changes in interest rates. Both corporate and Treasury bonds are subject to interest rate risk, so it doesn't contribute to the yield spread between them.

To know more about interest rate risk click on below link :

https://brainly.com/question/29051555

#SPJ11

The budgeted cash collections in June would be $366,800.

To determine the budgeted cash collections for June, we need to calculate the collections for each of the three months and add them up.

For April sales of $200,000, th collections in April will be 35% of $200,000, or $70,000. The collections in May will be 61% of $200,000, or $122,000. The collections in June will be 4% of $200,000, or $8,000. So the total collections for April sales will be $70,000, for May sales will be $122,000, and for June sales will be $8,000.

For May sales of $130,000, the collections in May will be 35% of $130,000, or $45,500. The collections in June will be 61% of $130,000, or $79,300. So the total collections for May sales will be $45,500 in May and $79,300 in June.

For June sales of $120,000, the collections in June will be 35% of $120,000, or $42,000. So the total collections for June sales will be $42,000.

Adding up all the collections for each month, we get:

$70,000 + $122,000 + $8,000 + $45,500 + $79,300 + $42,000 = $366,800

Therefore, the budgeted cash collections in June would be $366,800.

Learn more about budgeted cash

https://brainly.com/question/15310092

#SPJ4

True. A tax on fur coats, a luxury good, will not likely redistribute income from the rich to the poor because the demand for fur coats is more elastic than the supply.

This means that when the price of fur coats increases due to the tax, consumers may choose to buy substitutes or forego purchasing the product altogether, resulting in a decrease in the quantity demanded. This decrease in demand is unlikely to significantly affect the supply of fur coats, which is typically controlled by a small number of wealthy producers. Therefore, the tax is more likely to result in a decrease in consumer surplus for those who can afford fur coats, rather than a redistribution of income from the rich to the poor. Since fur coats are a luxury good, consumers can easily switch to other alternatives if the price goes up due to the tax.

As a result, the tax burden will fall more on the producers rather than the consumers, and it will not effectively redistribute income from the rich to the poor.

Learn more about demand here:

https://brainly.com/question/30402955

#SPJ11

True. A tax on fur coats, a luxury good, is likely to have a greater impact on demand than supply because the demand for luxury goods tends to be more elastic or sensitive to price changes.

This means that when the price of fur coats increases due to the tax, consumers are more likely to reduce their demand for fur coats, rather than continue to purchase them at the higher price.

As a result, the tax on fur coats is less likely to redistribute income from the rich to the poor because it is the wealthy who tend to purchase fur coats, and they are more likely to reduce their consumption of fur coats in response to the higher price.

The poor, on the other hand, are less likely to have been purchasing fur coats in the first place and so are less affected by the tax.

Learn more about elasticity of demand here: https://brainly.com/question/1048608

#SPJ11

a. The initial investment is calculated as follows:

Initial investment = 100 shares x Php 50 per share x 0.25 margin requirement

Initial investment = Php 1,250

b. The amount borrowed from the broker is calculated as follows:

Amount borrowed = 100 shares x Php 50 per share x 0.75 (1 - 0.25 margin requirement)

Amount borrowed = Php 3,750

c. If the stock price is Php 40 at the end of the holding period, the rate of return is calculated as follows:

Total proceeds = 100 shares x Php 40 per share + Php 0.6 per share x 100 shares

Total proceeds = Php 4,060

Total interest expense = Php 3,750 x 0.08 = Php 300

Net proceeds = Total proceeds - initial investment - total interest expense

Net proceeds = Php 4,060 - Php 1,250 - Php 300 = Php 2,510

Rate of return = (Net proceeds / Initial investment) - 1

Rate of return = (Php 2,510 / Php 1,250) - 1

Rate of return = 1.008 or 0.8%

d. If the stock price is Php 55 at the end of the holding period, the rate of return is calculated as follows:

Total proceeds = 100 shares x Php 55 per share + Php 0.6 per share x 100 shares

Total proceeds = Php 5,560

Total interest expense = Php 3,750 x 0.08 = Php 300

Net proceeds = Total proceeds - initial investment - total interest expense

Net proceeds = Php 5,560 - Php 1,250 - Php 300 = Php 4,010

Rate of return = (Net proceeds / Initial investment) - 1

Rate of return = (Php 4,010 / Php 1,250) - 1

Rate of return = 2.208 or 120.8%

e. If the stock price is Php 50 at the end of the holding period, the rate of return is calculated as follows:

Total proceeds = 100 shares x Php 50 per share + Php 0.6 per share x 100 shares

Total proceeds = Php 5,060

Total interest expense = Php 3,750 x 0.08 = Php 300

Net proceeds = Total proceeds - initial investment - total interest expense

Net proceeds = Php 5,060 - Php 1,250 - Php 300 = Php 3,510

Rate of return = (Net proceeds / Initial investment) - 1

Rate of return = (Php 3,510 / Php 1,250) - 1

Rate of return = 1.808 or 80.8%

For more questions like Investment click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/17252319

#SPJ11

Cornett foods has a firm beta of 0.86 and a cost of equity of 11%. the risk-free rate is 4%. a project has a proxy beta of 1.22. The cost of equity for the project can be computed using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), "12.54%".

The cost of equity for the project can be computed using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which is expressed as

Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * (Market Risk Premium)

where Beta represents the systematic risk of the investment, and the Market Risk Premium represents the additional return expected by investors for taking on the risk of investing in the stock market.

Given the information provided:

Cornett Foods has a firm beta of 0.86 and a cost of equity of 11%

The risk-free rate is 4%

The project has a proxy beta of 1.22

We can use the CAPM formula to calculate the cost of equity for the project as:

Cost of Equity = 4% + 1.22 * (11% - 4%)

Cost of Equity = 4% + 1.22 * 7%

Cost of Equity = 4% + 8.54%

Cost of Equity = 12.54%

Therefore, the cost of equity for the project is 12.54%.

To know more about cost of equity here,

https://brainly.com/question/31484301

#SPJ4

The annual payment is $1,306.18. Rounded to two decimal places, the answer is (a) 2.54.

To solve this problem, we can use the formula for the present value of a perpetuity:

PV = [tex]\frac{PMT}{i}[/tex]

Where PV is the present value of the perpetuity, PMT is the annual payment, and i is the effective annual interest rate.

In this case, we have 23 deposits of $900 made at the beginning of each year, so the total present value of these deposits is:

PV = [tex]900 * [\frac{(1 + 0.04)^{23 - 1}} { 0.04}][/tex]

PV = $32,654.60

At the end of year 39, the annual payments commence and continue forever. The present value of these perpetuity payments is equal to the present value of the $32,654.60 we have accumulated, so we can set the two present values equal to each other:

PV = [tex]\frac{PMT}{i}[/tex] = $32,654.60

Solving for PMT, we get:

PMT = PV * i = $32,654.60 * 0.04 = $1,306.18

Therefore, the annual payment is $1,306.18. Rounded to two decimal places, the answer is (a) 2.54.

Learn more about present value of the perpetuity.

brainly.com/question/20813983

#SPJ11

a. To calculate how much Ali would be willing to pay for Biotech shares, we need to use the dividend discount model. The formula for the present value of a stock with constant growth is:

P0 = D1 / (r - g)

Where:

P0 = the current stock price

D1 = the expected dividend per share next year

r = the required rate of return

g = the expected constant growth rate

We are given that Biotech Ltd recently paid a dividend of $4.50, and the company has forecasted an estimated dividend growth rate of 4% pa indefinitely. Therefore, we can calculate the expected dividend per share next year as:

D1 = $4.50 * (1 + 0.04) = $4.68

We are also given that Ali's required rate of return is 15%.

Therefore, using the formula above, we can calculate the current stock price:

P0 = $4.68 / (0.15 - 0.04) = $52.00 (rounded to the nearest cent)

So ,"Ali would be willing to pay $52.00 per share for Biotech Ltd shares."

To determine how many shares Ali can buy with $9,000, we simply divide the total amount by the price per share:

Number of shares = $9,000 / $52.00 = 173.08 (rounded down to the nearest whole number)

Therefore, Ali can buy 173 shares of Biotech Ltd.

b. To calculate the price of the bond issued by DMO Ltd, we can use the formula for the present value of a bond:

P = (C / 2) * [1 - (1 / (1 + (r / 2))^n)] + (F / (1 + (r / 2))^n)

Where:

P = the price of the bond

C = the semi-annual coupon payment

r = the semi-annual yield to maturity

n = the total number of semi-annual periods until maturity

F = the face value of the bond

We are given that the face value of the bond is $1,000, the coupon rate is 5% pa (or 2.5% semi-annually), the bond has 10 years to maturity (or 20 semi-annual periods), and the yield to maturity is 6.5% pa (or 3.25% semi-annually). Therefore, we can substitute these values into the formula:

P = (0.025 * 1000) * [1 - (1 / (1 + (0.0325))^20)] + (1000 / (1 + (0.0325))^20)

P = $1,072.77 (rounded to the nearest cent)

So the price of the bond is $1,072.77.

To determine how many bonds Ali can buy with $9,000, we simply divide the total amount by the price per bond:

Number of bonds = $9,000 / $1,072.77 = 8.38 (rounded down to the nearest whole number)

Therefore," Ali can buy 8 bonds issued by DMO Ltd."

To know more about dividend discount model refer here

https://brainly.com/question/31392221#

#SPJ11