The critical angle for light traveling inside a thin glass rod submerged in ethanol can be calculated using Snell's law and the concept of total internal reflection.
The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is 90 degrees, causing the light to reflect back into the glass instead of refracting out into the ethanol.
Assuming the refractive index of the glass rod is 1.5 and the refractive index of ethanol is 1.36, the critical angle can be calculated using the equation sin(theta_c) = n2/n1, where n1 is the refractive index of the glass and n2 is the refractive index of the surrounding medium.
Substituting the values, we get sin(theta_c) = 1.36/1.5, which gives a critical angle of approximately 62 degrees.
Any incident angle greater than 62 degrees will cause total internal reflection, where the light will reflect back into the glass rod instead of refracting out into the ethanol.
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danielle took an iron nail and wrapped thin copper wire around it, then connected the ends of the copper wire to a battery. which force or forces can danielle's device produce? responses only an electrical force only an electrical force both electrical and magnetic forces both electrical and magnetic forces both magnetic and gravitational forces both magnetic and gravitational forces only a gravitational force only a gravitational force
The forces are both, electrical and magnetic forces.
Which force or forces can Danielle's device produce?Hi! Danielle's device, which consists of an iron nail wrapped with a thin copper wire connected to a battery, can produce both electrical and magnetic forces. When the battery is connected, an electrical current flows through the copper wire, creating an electrical force. This current also generates a magnetic field around the wire, turning the iron nail into an electromagnet and producing a magnetic force. Therefore, the correct answer is both electrical and magnetic forces.
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if your go-cart has a mass of 500 kg, what force would you have to apply to accelerate the go-cart at 1.5 m/s²?
You would have to apply a force of 750 Newtons to accelerate the go-cart at 1.5 m/s².
Newton's second law of motion, which says that force is equal to mass times acceleration (F = ma), may be used to determine the amount of force needed to accelerate a go-kart with a mass of 500 kg at 1.5 m/s2.
Calculating the necessary force yields a force of 750 N by multiplying the go-kart's mass (500 kg) by its acceleration (1.5 m/s2).
Therefore, the force required is:
F = m x a
F = 500 kg x 1.5 m/s²
F = 750 N
Therefore, in order to accelerate the go-kart to 1.5 m/s2, you would need to exert a force of 750 Newtons.
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A student is going to the office. He starts out from the classroom and walks 20 m North then stops to
talk. Then he starts for the office again and walks 30 m North, but stops again to talk. Then he walks 10 m
North and finally makes it to the office.
the repolarization phase of the action potential, where voltage becomes more negative after the 30mv peak, is caused primarily by __________.
The outflow of K+ ions from the cell is the main cause of the repolarization phase of the action potential.
The efflux of K+ ions out of the cell is the main cause of the repolarization phase of the action potential, where voltage shifts more negatively following the 30mV peak.
This is because voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ to exit the cell and proceed along a concentration gradient, restoring the negative membrane potential. The proper operation of neurons and other electrically excitable cells depends on this mechanism.
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what is the amount of work done, in joules, to lift a basket weighing 88 newtons a total of 3 meters?
The amount of work done to lift a basket weighing 88 newtons a total of 3 meters can be calculated using the formula:
Work = Force x Distance x Cos(theta)
where Force is the weight of the basket, Distance is the height it is lifted, and theta is the angle between the force and the direction of motion (in this case, theta is 0 since the force is acting vertically upwards and the basket is also moving vertically upwards).
So, the amount of work done is:
Work = 88 N x 3 m x Cos(0)
Since Cos(0) = 1, the equation simplifies to:
Work = 88 N x 3 m x 1
Work = 264 Joules
Therefore, the amount of work done to lift the basket weighing 88 newtons a total of 3 meters is 264 Joules.
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3. what are the heat transfer mechanisms involved during heat transfer in a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger from the hot to the cold fluid?
The heat transfer mechanisms in a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger from the hot to the cold fluid include conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction and convection are the primary mechanisms, while radiation plays a minor role.
The heat transfer mechanisms involved during heat transfer in a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger from the hot to the cold fluid are conduction, convection, and in some cases, radiation.
1. Conduction: This is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between the hot and cold fluids. The heat moves from the hot fluid to the cold fluid through the solid walls of the heat exchanger.
2. Convection: This mechanism occurs due to the movement of fluids in the heat exchanger. The hot fluid transfers heat to the solid walls of the heat exchanger, and the cold fluid receives the heat from the walls as it flows. The movement of fluids enhances the heat transfer rate.
3. Radiation: Although less significant in liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers, radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves. The heat is emitted from the hot fluid and absorbed by the cold fluid without the need for direct contact or fluid movement.
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earth's strong magnetic field indicates that the core is made of iron because the material in the core would have to be
Earth's strong magnetic field indicates that its core is made of iron due to several factors.
Firstly, iron is a highly magnetic material that can generate a significant magnetic field when it's in motion. In the Earth's core, the liquid outer core, which consists primarily of molten iron, flows around the solid inner core, also largely composed of iron.
This motion creates a self-sustaining dynamo effect, resulting in the generation of the Earth's magnetic field.
Secondly, the Earth's density distribution supports the presence of iron in the core.
The high density of the core, measured through seismic data, can only be explained if it's composed of heavy elements such as iron, combined with some lighter elements like nickel and sulfur.
In conclusion, the presence of iron in the Earth's core is supported by the strong magnetic field and the density distribution of our planet.
The molten iron in the outer core and the solid iron in the inner core plays a crucial role in generating and maintaining the Earth's magnetic field.
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A person weighs 540 N on Earth. What is the person's mass?
consider the picture above of mars's orbit around the sun. which spot shows where mars will be when we see it in retrograde motion on earth?
When retrograde motion occurs and how it is related to Mars's orbit around the Sun:
Retrograde motion occurs when a planet appears to move backward in the sky from Earth's perspective. In the case of Mars, this happens when Earth overtakes Mars in their respective orbits around the Sun.
To understand when Mars will be in retrograde motion, consider these steps:
1. Picture both Mars and Earth orbiting the Sun, with Mars having a larger, slower orbit due to its greater distance from the Sun.
2. As Earth moves faster in its orbit, it eventually catches up to and passes Mars.
3. During this time, the relative positions of Earth, Mars, and the Sun create the illusion of Mars moving backward in the sky, as seen from Earth.
So, when trying to identify the spot where Mars will be in retrograde motion, look for the point in its orbit where Earth is passing Mars, creating the optical illusion of Mars moving backward in the sky.
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lee mealone, a hermit pushes a 12.1 kg boulder into the wall of his cave at a speed of 4.43 m/s, the boulder is brought to a stop in 1.81 seconds. what was the magnitude of the impulse (in n*s) imparted to the boulder? (no or - signs.)
The magnitude of the impulse imparted to the boulder is 53.503 N*s.
How do we calculate?We know that
Impulse = change in momentum = final momentum - initial momentum
initial momentum = mass * initial velocity
initial momentum = 12.1 kg * 4.43 m/s = 53.503 kg m/s
final momentum of the boulder using the formula:
final momentum = mass * final velocity
final momentum = 12.1 kg * 0 m/s = 0 kg m/s
In conclusion, the change in momentum of the boulder is:
change in momentum = final momentum - initial momentum = 0 kg m/s - 53.503 kg m/s = -53.503 kg m/s
The negative sign is an indication that the momentum of the boulder has decreased.
|Impulse| = |-53.503 kg m/s| = 53.503 N*s
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a ball is thrown across the street. During its flight, the ball's speed is lowest at?
A. The beginning of its flight.
B. The end of its flight.
C. The highest point of its flight.
D. The speed is constant throughout the flight.
A ball is thrown across the street. During its flight, the ball's speed is lowest at the highest point of its flight. The correct answer is C.
The speed of the ball is lowest at the highest point of its flight. This is because at the highest point, the ball has reached its maximum height, and therefore, its potential energy is at its highest. As the ball continues to move, it begins to fall due to gravity, and its potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. However, since the ball is moving upwards at this point, its kinetic energy is decreasing, causing its speed to decrease until it reaches zero at the highest point.
As the ball falls back down to the ground, its potential energy is converted back to kinetic energy, causing its speed to increase again until it reaches its maximum at the end of its flight. Therefore, the correct option is C, the highest point of its flight.
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we pass a laser beam through a double slit. on a screen 11.36 m away, we observe a series of bright lines which are 3.4 mm apart. the wavelength of the laser light is 633 nm. what is the distance between the two slits?
The distance between the two slits is 2067.6 mm. This can be calculated using the equation d=λxD/y, where λ is the wavelength of the laser light, D is the distance between the slits and the screen, and y is the distance between the bright lines on the screen.
Substituting the given values in the equation, we get
d = (633 x 11.36) / 3.4
d = 2067.6 mm
Therefore, the distance between the two slits is 2067.6 mm.
To understand the equation, we must consider the phenomenon of interference. When a wavelength of light passes through two slits, it creates two waves that interfere with each other. The bright lines on the screen occur when the two waves are in phase, and the dark lines occur when the waves are out of phase.
The distance between the bright lines on the screen is equal to one wavelength of the laser light multiplied by the ratio between the distance between the two slits and the distance between the two slits and the screen.
Complete Question:
We pass a laser beam through a double slit. On a screen 11.36 m away, we observe a series of bright lines which are 3.4 mm apart. The wavelength of the laser light is 633 nm. What is the distance between the two slits?
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a hair drier uses 8 a at 114 v. it is used with a transformer in england, where the line voltage is 237 v. what should be the ratio of the turns of the transformer (primary to secondary)?
To determine the ratio of turns of the transformer, we can use the principle of conservation of power, which states that power in equals power out in an ideal transformer.
The power input to the hair dryer is:
P = VI = (8 A)(114 V) = 912 W
The power output of the transformer should be the same as the input power, so we can use this equation to find the current in the secondary circuit:
P = VI = (I_s)(237 V)
where I_s is the current in the secondary circuit. Solving for I_s, we get:
I_s = P/V_s = (912 W)/(237 V) = 3.85 A
Now we can use the turns ratio equation to find the ratio of the turns in the transformer:
N_p/N_s = V_p/V_s = (114 V)/(237 V)
where N_p and N_s are the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils, respectively. Solving for N_p/N_s, we get:
N_p/N_s = 0.481
Therefore, the ratio of turns in the transformer should be approximately 0.481.
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an object with mass m is released from rest at distance r0 from earth's center and falls on the earth's surface. what is the velocity of the object when it hits the earth's surface?
The velocity of the object when it hits the Earth's surface depends only on the height from which it was dropped and the acceleration due to gravity.
The velocity of an object when it hits the Earth's surface can be calculated using the principle of conservation of energy. When the object is released from rest at a distance r0 from the Earth's center, it has an initial gravitational potential energy of mgh0, where g is the acceleration due to gravity and h0 is the height of the object above the Earth's surface.
As the object falls towards the Earth's surface, its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. When it hits the Earth's surface, all of its potential energy has been converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, we can write:
[tex]mgh0 = (1/2)mv^2[/tex]
where v is the velocity of the object when it hits the Earth's surface.
Solving for v, we get:
v = sqrt(2gh0)
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describing light interactions with curved mirrors match the descriptions to the feature
a student designed a pump cycle, in which 200 kj of heat removed from a reservoir at a temperature of 240 kelvin is rejected into another reservoir at a temperature of 400 k. the heat pump requires 100 kj of work. is the designated heat pump cycle reversible?
No, the heat pump cycle is not reversible.
The reversible process is an ideal process in which no energy is lost to the surroundings, and the system returns to its initial state when the process is reversed. In the given pump cycle, heat is transferred from a low-temperature reservoir to a high-temperature reservoir with the help of work input.
This process violates the second law of thermodynamics, which states that heat cannot flow spontaneously from a cold body to a hot body without any external work input. Therefore, the given pump cycle cannot be reversible.
Additionally, the efficiency of a reversible cycle is always greater than the efficiency of an irreversible cycle. In this case, the efficiency of the heat pump cycle can be calculated using the equation:
efficiency = (heat transferred - work input) / heat transferredSubstituting the given values, we get:
efficiency = (200 - 100) / 200 = 0.5 or 50%This efficiency is less than the maximum theoretical efficiency that a reversible cycle could achieve. Therefore, the pump cycle is irreversible.
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10. a 50.0-g ball moves at 30.0 m/s. if its speed is measured to an accuracy of 0.10%, what is the minimum uncertainty in its position?
The minimum uncertainty in the ball's position is 3.5 x 10^-32 meters.
To calculate the uncertainty, multiply the speed (30.0 m/s) by the accuracy (0.001). This results in an uncertainty in speed of 0.03 m/s.
Now, apply Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle to find the minimum uncertainty in position. The formula is:
Δx * Δp ≥ ħ/2
where Δx is the uncertainty in position, Δp is the uncertainty in momentum, and ħ is the reduced Planck constant (approximately 1.05 x 10^-34 Js).
First, find Δp by multiplying the mass of the ball (50.0 g or 0.05 kg) by the uncertainty in speed (0.03 m/s). This gives a Δp of 0.0015 kg m/s.
Now, solve for Δx:
Δx ≥ ħ / (2 * Δp)
Δx ≥ (1.05 x 10^-34 Js) / (2 * 0.0015 kg m/s)
Δx ≥ 3.5 x 10^-32 m
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You may have seen ambulances on the street with the letters of the word AMBULANCE written on the front of them, in such a way as to appear correctly when viewed in your car's rear-view mirror. (See the figure.) How do the letters appear when you look directly at the ambulance (not through the mirror)?
When you look directly at an ambulance, the letters of the word "AMBULANCE" will appear reversed, or mirrored.
This is because the letters on the front of the ambulance are intentionally designed to be read in reverse when viewed in a rare-view mirror, so that drivers can quickly and easily identify the vehicle as an ambulance and make way for it to pass.
1) Here's how the letters appear when viewed directly, step by step:
2) The first letter, "A", will appear as a normal "A" when viewed directly, as there is no mirror involved.
3) The second letter, "M", will appear reversed, as the left side of the letter will appear on the right, and vice versa.
4) The third letter, "B", will also appear reversed, with the left side of the letter appearing on the right and the right side appearing on the left.
5) The fourth letter, "U", will appear normal, as it is symmetrical and looks the same from both sides.
6) The fifth letter, "L", will appear reversed, with the left side appearing on the right and the right side appearing on the left.
7) The sixth letter, "A", will again appear normal.
8) The seventh letter, "N", will appear reversed, with the left side appearing on the right and the right side appearing on the left.
9) The eighth letter, "C", will also appear reversed, with the left side appearing on the right and the right side appearing on the left.
The ninth letter, "E", will appear normal, as it is symmetrical and looks the same from both sides.
So, when you look directly at an ambulance, the letters will appear reversed for the second, third, fifth, seventh, and eighth letters.
This is because these letters are not symmetrical and have different shapes on the left and right sides, so they appear differently when viewed in reverse.
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in the opening scene, the alien spacecraft is seen near the earth's moon. the moon is shown to be vibrating due to the mass of the spacecraft. is this scene plausible? explain your reasoning. this question has a correct answer. the correct answer has to do with mass, not sound waves.
The gravitational pull between any two objects is determined by both their masses and their separation from one another. Despite the fact that the spaceship may have a sizable weight, it is still considerably less than the moon.
The moon is what?A moon orbits a planet as a natural satellite. Moons are usually much smaller than the celestial bodies they orbit, and the planet's gravitational force keeps them there.
Moons may be found across the solar system as well as beyond. Some of the most popular and extensively researched moons in the solar system are the four biggest moons of Jupiter, collectively referred to as the Galilean moons. Other noteworthy moons include Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, which resembles Earth in appearance and has a thick atmosphere, and Triton, the largest moon of Neptune.
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krypton is named after the greek word that means secret which explains why krypton was most likely given this name
While the element Krypton was indeed named after the Greek word "kryptos," meaning "hidden" or "secret," the reason for its name is not related to its properties as a secret element.
Why this element was named as Krypton?Krypton was discovered in 1898 by British chemists Sir William Ramsay and Morris Travers. They had been studying the gas that was produced when they evaporated liquid air, and they found that this gas contained a previously unknown element. Ramsay named the element Krypton because of its ability to hide within the other gases in the air, making it difficult to detect.
So, while the name Krypton does have a connection to the idea of secrecy, it is not because the element itself has any particular properties that relate to secrecy. Rather, it was named for its elusive nature and the difficulty in detecting it.
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the mass of the box on a table is 20kg. a man applied force as below the picture. the static frictional coefficient is 0.6 and the dynamic frictional coefficient is 0.5. (gravitational acceleration =10ms^{-2}
1)what is the minimum force that should be applied to move the box?
2)What is the force that should apply to move in uniform velocity?
Why do you think mechanical energy only conserved in a “perfect” system? (What force in the real world causes energy to be transferred to the environment, and what type of energy is it?)
Answer:
Mechanical energy is conserved in a perfect system only because of the absence of friction.
A loaded gun is dropped on a frozen lake. The gun fires, with the bullet going horizontally in one direction and the gun sliding on the ice in the other direction. The bullet's mass is 0. 04 kg, and its speed is 325 m/s. If the gun's mass is 1. 7 kg, what is its speed (in m/s)?
Using the principle of conservation of momentum, we can determine that the gun moves in the opposite direction with a speed of 9.41 m/s after the bullet is fired. This calculation assumes no external forces acting on the system.
This scenario can be analyzed using the principle of conservation of momentum. According to this principle, the total momentum of a system remains constant if no external forces act on it. In this case, the system consists of the gun and the bullet, which are initially at rest on the ice. When the gun is dropped, it gains some horizontal velocity, while the bullet is propelled forward due to the explosion inside the gun.
Let's assume that the gun moves with a speed v after the bullet is fired. The momentum of the system before the gun is dropped is zero since both the gun and the bullet are at rest. After the bullet is fired, the momentum of the system is given by:
p = mv + Mu
where m is the mass of the bullet, u is its initial velocity (325 m/s in this case), M is the mass of the gun, and v is the velocity of the gun after the bullet is fired. Since momentum is conserved, we can equate the initial and final momenta:
0 = mv + Mu
=> v = -(m/M)u
Substituting the given values, we get:
v = -(0.04 / 1.7) * 325
= -9.41 m/s
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a certain rifle bullet has a mass of 8.37 g. calculate the de broglie wavelength of the bullet traveling at 1793 miles per hour.
The de Broglie wavelength of the bullet traveling at 1793 miles per hour is approximately 9.90 x 10^-37 meters.
To calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the rifle bullet, we can use the formula:
λ = h / p
where λ is the de Broglie wavelength, h is the Planck constant (6.626 x 10^-34 J*s), and p is the momentum of the bullet. To find the momentum of the bullet, we can use the formula:
p = m * v
where m is the mass of the bullet (8.37 g = 0.00837 kg) and v is the velocity of the bullet in meters per second. First, we need to convert the velocity of the bullet from miles per hour to meters per second:
1793 miles/hour * 1609.34 meters/mile / 3600 seconds/hour = 800.1 meters/second
Now we can calculate the momentum of the bullet:
p = 0.00837 kg * 800.1 m/s = 6.703 k g m / s
Finally, we can use the momentum to calculate the de Broglie wavelength:
λ = 6.626 x 10^-34 J*s / 6.703 kg m/s = 9.90 x 10^-37 meters
Therefore, the de Broglie wavelength is approximately 9.90 x 10^-37 meters.
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Humerus
Sholder
Joint
2. What side of the chicken's body did this wing belong to? Why?
The upper limb is the side of the chicken's body did this wing belong to.
Where is the shoulder joint in a chicken?Humerus, shoulder, and joint are related to the anatomy of the upper limb. The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm, the shoulder is the joint that connects the arm to the body, and the joint refers to the articulation between bones.
In a chicken, the shoulder joint is located at the junction of the humerus (upper arm bone) and the scapula (shoulder blade). It is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion in the chicken's wing. The shoulder joint is important for a chicken's ability to fly, flap its wings, and perform other movements that require mobility and stability in the upper limb.
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Please help fast I don’t understand
The pickup truck with changing velocity can accelerate faster than the other pickup trucks.
option A.
What causes a change in velocity of a pickup truck?
A change in velocity of a pickup truck can be caused by several factors, including:
Acceleration: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time, and it can result in an increase in velocity.
External forces: Other external forces, such as air resistance or friction from the road surface, can also cause a change in velocity of a pickup truck.
It's important to note that according to Newton's first law of motion, an object will maintain its velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
Therefore, any change in velocity of a pickup truck must be caused by the application of an external force.
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if total internal reflection occurs, what can you say about the minimum possible index of refraction of the liquid?
If total internal reflection occurs, it means that the angle of incidence of the light is greater than the critical angle, and the light cannot pass through the interface between two media.
The critical angle is defined as the angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction becomes 90 degrees, and the refracted light travels along the interface.
The critical angle depends on the refractive indices of the two media, and can be calculated using Snell's law. For the case of light traveling from a medium with a higher refractive index (such as a solid or a liquid) to a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air), the critical angle can be calculated as:
sin(critical angle) = n2 / n1
where n1 is the refractive index of the medium with the higher refractive index, and n2 is the refractive index of the medium with the lower refractive index.
If total internal reflection occurs, it means that the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, which implies that the refractive index of the liquid must be greater than the refractive index of the medium with the lower refractive index (e.g., air). Therefore, we can say that the minimum possible index of refraction of the liquid is equal to the refractive index of the medium with the lower refractive index.
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wave crests are passing the anchor chain of an anchored boat every 5 seconds. if the wave troughs are 15 m apart, what is the speed of the waves?
The speed of the waves is 3 meters per second.
The speed of an object is the magnitude of the change of its position over time or the magnitude of the change of its position per unit of time; it is thus a scalar quantity.
To find the speed of the waves when wave crests are passing the anchor chain of an anchored boat every 5 seconds and the wave troughs are 15 meters apart, you can use the formula for wave speed:
Wave speed = Wavelength / Wave period
In this case, the wavelength is the distance between the wave troughs, which is 15 meters.
The wave period is the time it takes for one wave crest to pass, which is 5 seconds.
Wave speed = 15 m / 5 s = 3 m/s
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In Young's experiment, light from a red laser (wavelength 700 nm) is sent through two
slit. At the same time, monochromatic visible light with another wavelength passes through the same
apparatus. As a result, most of the pattern that appears on the screen is a mixture of two colors; however, the
center of the third bright fringe of the red light appears pure red. What are the possible wavelengths of the
second type of visible light?
In Young's experiment, the pattern that appears on the screen is a result of interference between two sets of waves that are diffracted through two slits.
The location of the bright fringes in the pattern depends on the wavelength of the light used. This means that the path difference between the waves that interfere to produce this fringe is an integer multiple of the red light's wavelength (700 nm).
ΔL = mλ_red = nλ_other
where ΔL is the path difference between the waves, m and n are integers, λ_red is the wavelength of the red light, and λ_other is the wavelength of the second type of visible light.
Solving for λ_other, we get:
λ_other = (m/n) λ_red.
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two pulleys--one mounted in the ceiling, another anchored to a mass m suspended above the ground below--have a rope looped over them three complete times, so that there are six strands of rope running between the two pulleys. one end of the rope is tied to the center of the top pulley, the other is being held by a man standing next to the mass. the man pulls down with a tension t on that strand of rope causing the mass to rise at a constant speed. what is the net force pulling up on the bottom pulley?
The net force pulling up on the bottom pulley is equal to one-sixth of the weight of the mass.
In this scenario, we can use the concept of tension in the rope to determine the net force pulling up on the bottom pulley.
The tension in the rope is the same throughout, so the tension in the strand being pulled by the man is equal to the tension in the six strands running between the two pulleys.
The force of tension pulling up on the bottom pulley is equal to six times the tension in the rope, since there are six strands of rope running between the pulleys.
The force of gravity pulling down on the mass is equal to its weight, which is given by:
F_gravity = m *
where m is the mass of the object and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Since the mass is suspended at a constant speed, the net force on the mass must be zero, which means that the force of tension pulling up on the bottom pulley must be equal to the force of gravity pulling down on the mass:
6 * T = m *
where T is the tension in the rope.
Solving for the net force pulling up on the bottom pulley, we get:
6 * T = m * g
T = m * g / 6
Therefore, the net force pulling up on the bottom pulley is equal to one-sixth of the weight of the mass.
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