1/4th proportion of the F2 progeny will be short, 3/4th will be tall and only 1/4th will be true breeding for short strain.
What is F1 and F2 progeny?The first generation bred from two parents is called the F1 generation, while the second generation is called the F2 generation. The F2 generation in a monohybrid cross is made up of both homozygous and heterozygous offspring, while the F1 generation is entirely heterozygous.
The F1 generation differs significantly from the parental kinds in other ways as well. In contrast, some paternal traits may be present in the F2 generation.
The F1 generation is crucial in hybridization as it helps produce offspring with the best traits of both parents. In contrast, F2 generation is crucial in inbreeding to preserve stable characteristics throughout generations.
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The results in the table above show the percentage change in mass of the potato cylinders.
explain why the percentage change results are positive and negative.
The percentage change in the mass of the potato cylinders is both positive and negative because the concentrations of the sugar solutions differ.
OsmosisIn biology, osmosis refers to the movement of water molecules from regions of low solute concentrations or high water potentials to regions of high solute concentration or low water potential through a semi-permeable membrane.
Solutions with high solute concentrations as compared to the sap of cells are said to be hypertonic to the cells. The cells, will, therefore, lose water to hypertonic solutions.
Solutions with the same solute concentrations as cells are said to be isotonic to the cells. There is no net movement of water between such solutions and the cells.
Solutions with lower solute concentrations as compared to cells are said to be hypotonic to the cells. Such solutions lose water to the sap of the cells.
This is exactly what happened in the case of the solutions and the potato cylinders. Hypertonic sugar solutions will cause the potato cylinders to lose water and weigh less than their initial weights. This will return a negative percentage change in weight.
Hypotonic solutions, on the other hand, will cause the potato cylinders to gain water and weight more than their initial weights. This will return a positive percentage change in weight.
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what type of organic molecule is this?
Answer:
carbohydrates
Explanation:
because of the carbon & hydrogen
Explain how the greenhouse gas effect contributes to climate change.
Greenhouse gases form naturally and are part of the composition of our atmosphere. The conditions on Earth are ideal for life, including us, to thrive. The naturally occurring greenhouse effect, which keeps the planet at a pleasant 15 °C (59 °F) on average, contributes to Earth's hospitality.
However, in the last century or so, humans have been interfering with the planet's energy balance, primarily through the use of fossil fuels, which emit additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have been steadily rising for decades, trapping extra heat near the Earth's surface and causing temperatures to rise.
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Please help don’t understand
Answer:
I believe the answer is D
Explanation:
What is considered the "energy
currency" of a plant cell that is
produced by light reactions?
A. ATP this
B. ADP
C. NADP+
D. 02
All biological organisms contain the crucial chemical ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Consider it the cell's "energy currency." The ATP molecule splits off one of its three phosphates when a cell has to expend energy to complete a task, resulting in the formation of ADP (Adenosine di-phosphate) + phosphate.
What are the light processes that a plant cell uses as currency for energy?In the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and transforms it into chemical energy that is then stored in the form of the energy-trading molecules ATP and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) (adenosine triphosphate).
How are NADP+ and NADPH linked in the light reaction?NADPH is a different energy carrier used in photosynthesis, yet it performs similarly NADP+, which has lesser energy, becomes NADPH after absorbing a high-energy electron and a proton. NADPH becomes NADP+ once it surrenders its electron.
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Which type of blood vessel could be considered analogous to the main roads for a "delivery truck" that provides the materials the "factories" of your body need to work?
ventricle
vein
artery
aorta
Answer:
vein
Explanation:
Describe and list the contents of the dural sinuses, subdural space, and subarachnoid space.
Dural sinues: This forms at the base of the three folds
Subdural space : This contains the serous fluid.
Subarachnoid space: This contains blood vessels and cerebrospinal fluid.
What is Subarachnoid space?The Subarachnoid space is defined as the space that separates the brain from the skull. It is known to be fluid filled with the cerebrospinal fluid. This helps to provide cushion effects in case of injury or trauma to the head.
Dural sinues: These sinuses are located at the dura mater between the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater. They contain venous blood that originates for the most part from the brain or cranial cavity.
Subdural space : This is a potential space that can be visible when the arachnoid mater is separated from the dura mater. It is filled with serious fluid that aids in lubrication.
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help asap
What causes the rock layers of mountains to form zigzag shape?(1 point) Responses a transform fault a transform fault continental plate uplift continental plate uplift a normal fault a normal fault folding of rock
The outcrop of the eroded plunging anticlines and synclines bureaucracy a function zigzag pattern in the rock.
The fracturing of rock layers arise through excessive stress resulting from plate tectonics. This stress takes place because of convergent plate barriers in which the tectonic plates collide and push in opposition to every different in contrary directions.
When rocks deform in a ductile manner, in preference to fracturing to shape faults or joints, they will bend or fold, and the ensuing systems are referred to as folds. Folds end result from compressional stresses or shear stresses performing over sizeable time.
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What causes the body to do
lactic acid fermentation instead
of cellular respiration?
A. an overproduction of oxygen
B. an overproduction of carbon dioxide
C. an insufficient amount of carbon dioxide
D. an insufficient amount of oxygen this
An insufficient amount of oxygen causes the body to do lactic acid fermentation instead of cellular respiration
What is lactic acid fermentation and cellular respiration ?Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms combine oxygen with food molecules, rerouting the chemical energy in these molecules into life-sustaining processes while discarding carbon dioxide and water as waste products.
Anaerobic respiration (or fermentation) of the kind that produces lactic acid uses the breakdown of carbohydrates to create ATP as a source of energy. Because it takes place without oxygen, it is called anaerobic.When there is a lack of oxygen in the cell, skeletal muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to renew these NAD+ molecules. Because they lack the mitochondria necessary to engage in aerobic cellular respiration, red blood cells must always regenerate NAD+ via lactic acid fermentation.Learn more about Cellular respiration here:
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find the diameter of the high power field of a microscope with alow power objective marked 10x, a high power marked 40x, and a low poer field diameter of 1600 micrometers
It is to be noted that the diameter of the High Power Field of the Microscope is 400 Micrometers.
How do you compute the diameter of a High Power Field Microscope?To find the diameter of the high-power field of a microscope, you need to know the magnification of the low-power objective, the elaboration of the high-power objective, and the diameter of the low-power field.
In this case, you are given that the low power objective has a magnification of 10x, the high power objective has a magnification of 40x, and the low power field has a diameter of 1600 micrometers.
To find the diameter of the high power field, you can use the formula:
High power field diameter = Low power field diameter * (Low power objective magnification / High power objective magnification)
Plugging in the given values, you get:
High power field diameter = 1600 micrometers * (10x / 40x)
High power field diameter = 400 micrometers
Therefore, the diameter of the high power field of the microscope is 400 micrometers.
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if 4 molecules of water are oxidized by the light-dependent reactions, how many molecules of ATP are formed directly as a result?
When 4 molecules of water are oxidized by the light-dependent reactions, six molecules of ATP are formed directly as a result.
What are molecules?A molecule is described as a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds.
The Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is described as the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.
During the light-dependent reaction the ions flow through ATP synthase from the thylakoid space into the stroma in a process called chemiosmosis to form molecules of ATP.
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Which of the following is an example of a structural adaption?
*
1 point
Spikes on a bearded dragon
Venom in snake bite
Green vs brown coloration
Mimicry
An example of structural adaptation is a spike on a bearded dragon (option A).
What is structural adaptation?Adaptation in biology is an instance of an organism undergoing change, or the structure or behavior that is changed.
Adaptation can either be structural or behavioural depending on the change that occurs:
An adaptation can be structural, meaning it is a physical part of the organism. An adaptation can also be behavioural, affecting the way an organism responds to its environment.
An example of a structural adaptation is the way some plants have adapted to life in dry, hot deserts. Plants called succulents have adapted to this climate by storing water in their short, thick stems and leaves.
Therefore, the possession of spikes on a bearded dragon is an example of structural adaptation.
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Choose one of the three light technologies (fiber optics, lasers, and holograms), discussed in this lesson, and research it. Write a one- or two-page report. You could include more details about how the technology works, a particular use for the technology, or how it was discovered.
The topic of discussion is Laser.
What is a Laser?This is referred to as a device which has the ability to emit light through the process known as optical amplification. This feature is based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation and was discovered by Theodore Maiman.
He formed the basis of the creation of the first working laser through his work in which he shone a high-power flash lamp on a ruby rod with silver-coated surfaces. This device functions by stimulating atoms such that light is emitted and amplifies it thereby forming a narrow beam of radiation.
This is used to perform different types of surgeries in the healthcare system and it is also used to weld and cut materials which makes it a very important tool in different fields.
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6) About what percent of students joined the art club?
x
A. 30%
B. 25%
C. 20%
D. 15%
E. 5%
please help
Answer: It is 25%
Explanation:
What is the shape of the typical Elodea cell?
Why is manure unreliable fertilizer
The reasons why manure is an unreliable fertilizer include;
the nitrogen content may not be highit can reduce the nitrogen level of soil.What are fertilizers?Fertilizers are substances that when added to the soil improves the nuttrient content and fertility of the soil.
There are two types of fertilizers;
synthetic ferilizers - these are artificially manufacturedorganic fertilizers - these are obtained from lthe living environment e.g. manure.Manure is obatined from dropping of animals and decayed or decaying plants.
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Which statement is true regarding a chemical reaction? (1 point)
O The total number of atoms does not change, so mass is conserved in the reaction.
O The total number of atoms changes, so mass is conserved in the reaction.
O Even if the total number of atoms does not change, mass may not be conserved in the reaction.
O Even if the total number of atoms changes, mass may not be conserved in the reaction..
Answer:B) The total number of atoms does not change, so mass is conserved in the reaction.
Explanation:According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, no matter can ever be created or destroyed. The number of atoms does not change, thus the mass does not change.
Drag each item to the correct location.
To answer the question, crust and mantle come under Compositional layers. The mesosphere and asthenosphere come under the Physical layers of Earth.
The Compositional layers of the Earth include the Crust, Mantle, and Core. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, where we currently live in. The mantle is the layer below the crust, and, by volume, the largest chemical layer as well. The Core is the innermost layer of the Earth, discovered by scientists in 1906.
The Physical layers of Earth include Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer core, and Inner core. The lithosphere defines as the outermost physical layer of Earth, which is broken into segments called plates. The asthenosphere is the layer residing below the lithosphere, has multiple plates, and is considered unbroken, unlike the lithosphere. The outer core is the only layer of Earth consisting of only liquid entirely, whereas the Inner core exists within the liquid outer core.
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Food and waste must enter and leave the body of the Cnidarian from the same opening. Explain why it would be disadvantageous, then, for a cnidarian to have a particularly long body
Cnidarians digest their food outside of their cells, where enzymes break down the food into smaller pieces and the cells lining the gastrovascular cavity take in the nutrients. The gastrovascular cavity doubles as the mouth and anus in cnidarians, which have an incomplete digestive system with only one opening.
How do cnidarians eat food and get rid of waste?The gastrovascular cavity, a portion of the cnidarian's body, is used to transport materials as food enters the mouth and waste products exit through the mouth. By means of cellular digestion and the use of digestive enzymes, the cells located inside the gastrovascular cavity break down food.
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How are geologic timescales created?
Answer:
The fossil forms that occur in the rocks, however, provide the chief means of establishing a geologic time scale, with the timing of the emergence and disappearance of widespread species from the fossil record being used to delineate the beginnings and endings of ages, epochs, periods, and other intervals.
Answer: The fossil forms that occur in the rocks
Explanation: Trust me
Which list places the layers of the sun in the correct order from outermost to innermost?
O Corona, photosphere, chromosphere
O Photosphere, convective zone, radiative zone
O Convective zone, chromosphere, corona
O Radiative zone, corona, convective zone
During a muscle contraction, why is ATP required?
Answer:
ATP is critical for muscle contractions because it breaks the myosin-actin cross-bridge, freeing the myosin for the next contraction.
Explanation:
I am the Earth.
Things with mass
are attracted to me
by the force of
Answer:
Gravity
Explanation:
Help!!
What types of veins do
monocots have in their
leaves?
A. branched veins
B. parallel veins
C. taproot veins
D. fibrous veins
Answer:
parallel veins
Explanation:
The vascular structures of monocot leaves form parallel veins.
Why was it important for Mendel to study such a large sample of pea plants?
A. Most of the plants died before reproducing.
O B. Pea plants are very inexpensive plants.
OC. Using more plants speeds up the experiment.
OD. A higher sample size gives more accurate results.
It was important for Mendel to study such a large sample of pea plants because 'a higher sample size gives more accurate results'.
What do you mean by heredity?
Heredity is the passing of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring. It is the process by which certain traits are passed down through generations. It is the genetic material that is passed from one generation to the next.
A larger sample size helps to reduce the amount of variability in the results due to random chance, and increases the likelihood that any observed results are actually representative of the whole population. This is especially important when studying the inheritance of traits, as the probability of a trait being passed on is often very small. By studying a large sample size, Mendel was able to accurately determine the patterns of inheritance for the traits he was studying, and gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of heredity.
Hence, option D is correct.
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What two abiotic factors must be present in order for gypsum to form
The two abiotic factors that must be present in order for gypsum to form are that they have essential effects on dessert and the environment. In general, gypsum is made of many abiotic components. Abiotic components such as temperate deserts, and subtropical deserts.
One type of saline soil is formed by Gypsum. Gypsum is a soft, chalky mineral composed of calcium sulfate [tex]CaSO_{4}[/tex] and water [tex]H_{2} O[/tex]. Here spatial variability means it maintains the even layer of the soil its decomposition and can develop the soil moisture. Gypsum is a nonclastic rock and transparent mineral. Deserts can be categorized by their low mean rainfall, even though it is just as essential to calculate the temporal and spatial variability in yearly rainfall. Gypsum is made up of oxygen [tex]O_{2}[/tex], sulfur S, calcium Ca, and water [tex]H_{2} O[/tex].
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Cell theory describes the basic function of all living things. Why is this considered a theory and not a law? Responses It was based on observations and does not require math calculations. It was based on observations and does not require math calculations. It is based on opinion and not facts. It is based on opinion and not facts. It can only be changed if a law is developed first. It can only be changed if a law is developed first. It was developed by a single person and not a large group of scientists.
Answer:
What is the cell theory? It has three main parts:
1. All living things are made up of cells.
2. Cells are the basic building blocks of life.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells created through the process of cell division.
As science evolved, three more components were added to the theory. Some biology classes don’t require you to know these parts of the cell theory because they weren’t part of the original definition, but it’s still useful to be aware of them:
4. Energy flow occurs within cells.
5. Hereditary information is passed from cell to cell.
6. All cells have the same basic chemical composition.
So what does the cell theory actually mean? Let’s break it down. The first part of the cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells. Anything that’s alive, from bacteria to plants to humans, is composed of cells. And what are cells? The literal definition is a cell is a group of organelles surrounded by a thin membrane.
The cell theory definition states that cells are the building blocks of life. Cells both make up all living things and run the processes needed for life. Your hair, skin, organs, etc. are all made up of cells. In fact, each person is estimated to be made up of nearly 40 trillion cells! Each part of a cell has a different function, and your cells are responsible for taking in nutrients, turning nutrients into energy, removing waste, and more. Basically, everything your body does, it does because cells are directing the action!
Explanation:
hope dat helped
Why is it important that the inside of a lysosome have a lower pH than the surrounding cytoplasm in the cell? (2 points)
Lysosomes carry a variety of acid hydrolases that are active at the acidic pH kept within the lysosome, but not at the neutral pH of the cytosol.
How is the pH inside a lysosome different from that of the cytosol?Most of these enzymes are perfectly active only in the acidic lumen of lysosomes. Lysosomal pH is kept at 4.5–5 while cytosolic pH is 7–7.5. This pH difference indicates that proton absorption in lysosomes is almost 1000 times higher than in the cytosol. Lysosomes are hydrolytic enzymes. They need an acidic environment for proper work, they are mention to as acid hydrolases. These enzymes help in the disintegration of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, etc. These enzymes vital low pH compared to the cytoplasm to stay active.
So we can conclude that Lysosomes have an acidic interior pH of ~4.8 in contrast to the slightly basic cytosol (pH 7.2).
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Do you think the unofficial titles of some eras (i.e., Age of Fishes, Age of Reptiles,
Age of Mammals) are informative or an oversimplification? Explain your reasoning.
with alternative unofficial titles based on what you have learned about
Come up
each era
The unofficial titles of some eras such as Age of Fishes, Age of Reptiles and Age of Mammals are really informative and they are not oversimplifications because these periods reflect the emergence of different taxonomic groups in the course of evolution.
What are animal eras?The animal eras are periods during the geological time in which certain groups of animals appeared in the course of evolution, which results informative to determine how evolution (change) occurred due to natural selection.
For example, mammals emerged as a taxonomic group during the Cenozoic Era, which occurred approximately 65 million years ago and this period is known as the Age of mammals.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that an animal era is not only an oversimplified term because it also involves the emergence of certain taxonomic groups during the evolution and can serve to contextualize geological periods in a biological framework.
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Submit your answer from Exam Activity 18-1 that infers why humans would not be able to repair and grow muscle without bacteria.
They would not be able to grow muscle without bacteria because bacteria is unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
What is the relation between human and bacteria ?To mention a few functions, the bacteria in our systems help break down the food we eat, assist us access nutrients, and neutralise toxins. Additionally, by shielding colonised surfaces from encroaching pathogens, they contribute significantly to the fight against diseases.
Muscle mass can be impacted by the metabolites that gut bacteria create. Short-chain fatty acids are a class of metabolites that can accomplish that, they are created when bacteria ferment dietary fibre, and they have been demonstrated to boost muscle mass.Learn more about Human Bacteria relationship here:
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