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identify the structures below

Label A
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Label B
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Label C
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Label D
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Answer:

LD50 means a lethal dose of a particular substance or drug is given to a group of animals in a test group. This dose has the ability and capacity to kills 50% of the population of the test group of animals.

If Substance A has an LD50 of 20 mg/kg of body mass, this means that for 1 kg of body mass, 20 mg of substance A can kill 50% of the population that substance A was given to the test group.  

If Substance B has an LD50 of 10 mg/kg of body mass, this means that for 1 kg of body mass, 10 mg of substance A can kill 50% of the population that substance B was given to the test group.

Therefore, Substance B is deadlier than Substance A because the quantity of substance B (10mg) is less than the quantity of Substance A (20mg) and it has the same lethal effect on the population.

Explanation:

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Substance B is deadlier than Substance A because the quantity of substance B (10mg) is less than the quantity of Substance A (20mg) and it has the same lethal effect on the population.

The observation of a new plant species in the Amazon rainforest that has blue leaves can be interpreted as a plant that absorbs all color wavelengths except blue.

Photosynthesis is a group of reactions through which plants can produce simple carbohydrates by using the energy from the sun.

During this process (Photosynthesis), the plant needs to absorb solar radiation in different color wavelengths.

The observation of blue leaves means that the plant cannot absorb this color wavelength during Photosynthesis.

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Answer: Many animals make their home in coniferous forests, some of which have thick fur to insulate them against frigid winters, while others hibernate to endure the cold and some migrate to warmer temperatures.

Explanation:

Answer:

Unlike the mucosa of other hollow organs, the urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelial tissue that is able to stretch significantly to accommodate large volumes of urine. The transitional epithelium also provides protection to the underlying tissues from acidic or alkaline urine.

Explanation:

Answer:

Two strategies China is using to make less of an impact on ecosystems are:

Answer:

Some tortoises, including Lonesome George, have shells that rise in front, like a saddle. This adaptation makes it easier for them to lift their heads high to eat tree cactus and to resolve disputes over limited food resources, which they do through raising their heads as high as possible during social interactions.

Explanation:

What that can be said about these turtles is that Even though they were geographically Isolated, they are no longer two species because they are living together again.

Population refer to total number of living organisms of species that interact with their environment and living in a same place at the same time.

Therefore, What that can be said about these turtles is that Even though they were geographically Isolated, they are no longer two species because they are living together again.

The question is incomplete because the options were not given but the options was gotten from another website.

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Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

I found the answer on a website

Answer:

I think your answer is B.

Geologists generally know the age of a rock by determining the age of the group of rocks, or formation, that it is found in. The age of formations is marked on a geologic calendar known as the geologic time scale. Development of the geologic time scale and dating of formations and rocks relies upon two fundamentally different ways of telling time: relative and absolute.

Relative dating places events or rocks in their chronologic sequence or order of occurrence. Absolute dating places events or rocks at a specific time. If a geologist claims to be younger than his or her co-worker, that is a relative age. If a geologist claims to be 45 years old, that is an absolute age.

Relative Dating

Superposition: The most basic concept used in relative dating is the law of superposition. Simply stated, each bed in a sequence of sedimentary rocks (or layered volcanic rocks) is younger than the bed below it and older than the bed above it. This law follows two basic assumptions: (1) the beds were originally deposited near horizontal, and (2) the beds were not overturned after their deposition.

Faunal Succession: Similar to the law of superposition is the law of faunal succession, which states that groups of fossil animals and plants occur throughout the geologic record in a distinct and identifiable order. Following this law, sedimentary rocks can be “dated” by their characteristic fossil content. Particularly useful are index fossils, geographically widespread fossils that evolved rapidly through time.

Crosscutting Relationships: Relative ages of rocks and events may also be determined using the law of crosscutting relationships, which states that geologic features such as igneous intrusions or faults are younger than the units they cut across.

Inclusions: Inclusions, which are fragments of older rock within a younger igneous rock or coarse-grained sedimentary rock, also facilitate relative dating. Inclusions are useful at contacts with igneous rock bodies where magma moving upward through the crust has dislodged and engulfed pieces of the older surrounding rock.

Gaps in the geologic record, called unconformities, are common where deposition stopped and erosion removed the previously deposited material. Fortunately, distinctive features such as index fossils can aid in matching, or correlating, rocks and formations from several incomplete areas to create a more complete geologic record for relative dating. Relative dating techniques provide geologists abundant evidence of the incredible vastness of geologic time and ancient age of many rocks and formations. However, in order to place absolute dates on the relative time scale, other dating methods must be considered.

Absolute Dating

The nuclear decay of radioactive isotopes is a process that behaves in a clock-like fashion and is thus a useful tool for determining the absolute age of rocks. Radioactive decay is the process by which a “parent” isotope changes into a “daughter” isotope. Rates of radioactive decay are constant and measured in terms of half-life, the time it takes half of a parent isotope to decay into a stable daughter isotope.

Some rock-forming minerals contain naturally occurring radioactive isotopes with very long half-lives unaffected by chemical or physical conditions that exist after the rock is formed. Half-lives of these isotopes and the parent-to-daughter ratio in a given rock sample can be measured, then a relatively simple calculation yields the absolute (radiometric) date at which the parent began to decay, i.e., the age of the rock.

Of the three basic rock types, igneous rocks are most suited for radiometric dating. Metamorphic rocks may also be radiometrically dated. However, radiometric dating generally yields the age of metamorphism, not the age of the original rock. Most ancient sedimentary rocks cannot be dated radiometrically, but the laws of superposition and crosscutting relationships can be used to place absolute time limits on layers of sedimentary rocks crosscut or bounded by radiometrically dated igneous rocks.

Sediments less than about 50,000 years old that contain organic material can be dated based on the radioactive decay of the isotope Carbon 14. For example, shells, wood, and other material found in the shoreline deposits of Utah’s prehistoric Lake Bonneville have yielded absolute dates using this method. These distinct shorelines also make excellent relative dating tools. Many sections of the Wasatch fault disturb or crosscut the Provo shoreline, showing that faulting occurred after the lake dropped below this shoreline which formed about 13,500 years ago. As this example illustrates determining the age of a geologic feature or rock requires the use of both absolute and relative dating techniques.

Explanation:

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Answer:

Gravity is the force by which a planet or other body draws objects toward its center. The force of gravity keeps all of the planets in orbit around the sun.

Explanation:

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The sun’s gravitational pull extends to all 8 planets by the The Sun's gravity pulls the planets in orbit round it, and a few planets pull moons in orbit round them.

A planet's orbital pace changes, relying on how a long way it's far from the Sun. The nearer a planet is to the Sun, the more potent the Sun's gravitational pull on it, and the quicker the planet movements. The farther it's far from the Sun, the weaker the Sun's gravitational pull, and the slower it movements in its orbit.

Even spacecraft are in movement via the sun system, both in orbit across the Earth or Moon, or touring to similarly worlds, due to gravitational forces.

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Answer:

fish: blood flows unidirectionally from the two-chambered heart through the gills and then the rest of the body.

mammal: Blood is pumped from veins of the systemic circuit into the right atrium of the heart, then into the right ventricle. Blood then enters the pulmonary circuit, and is oxygenated by the lungs. From the pulmonary circuit, blood re-enters the heart through the left atrium.

Answer:

Plants are autotrophs, which means they produce their own food. They use the process of photosynthesis to transform water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen, and simple sugars that the plant uses as fuel. These primary producers form the base of an ecosystem and fuel the next trophic levels.

Answer: C. Eat a plant-based diet

Explanation: Of the following, the most impactful action you can take to reduce your

carbon footprint is: Eat a plant-based diet

Carbon footprint is the emission of the greenhouse gases like carbon. Lights should be turned off whenever not in use can help in reducing the carbon footprint. Thus, option A is correct.

The carbon footprint is the amount of carbon, methane, and other greenhouse gases emitted due to natural or man-made activities. It is expressed in the terms of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

The lights should be turned off whenever not in use to reduce the emission of the gases that harms the ozone and environment as the light energy release many greenhouse gases.

Therefore, the lights should be turned off whenever not in use to reduce the carbon footprint.

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Answer:

The three concepts are summarized in the general principle called the Law of Fossil Succession: The kinds of animals and plants found as fossils change through time. When we find the same kinds of fossils in rocks from different places, we know that the rocks are the same age. Scientists look for ancestors and descendants through geologic time.

Explanation:

The missing statements and hormone interactions are:

Hormones have three ways of interaction that affects how a cell can give.

One hormone has the opposite effect of another one. For example, when glucose levels are high, our body releases insuline so that our body can store it for later. However, when glucose levels are low, our body releases glucagon to release the storaged glocose.

The release of one hormone allows the second one to act in a different organ. For example, the hypothalamus releasing TRH, which affects the hypofisis releasing TSH, and his hone affects the tyrod gland, which will produce T4 and T3.

It is an effect that happens when two hormones with a similar effect act together, amplifying their effect. For example, the increasing levels of testosterone and FSH together allow for sperm production.

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We can confirm that actions that would not be considered routine after said procedure include all of which are not directed towards the care and recovery of the animal.

Routine practices include caring for the animal as it recovers from the effects of the anesthesia as well as administering fluids to keep it hydrated. Even pain control through the use of pharmaceuticals is considered normal practice, anything that would fall outside of these actions may be considered abnormal practice.

Therefore, we can confirm that actions that would not be considered routine after said procedure include all of which are not directed towards the care and recovery of the animal.

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Answer:

1:2:1

Explanation:

To get the phenotypic ratios, first you must figure out the genotype results of the cross. If the two cattle both have RW, then you get 25% RR, 50% RW, and 25% WW.

This means you have 1 fully red cattle, 2 roan cattle, and 1 fully white cattle, or just simplified as 1 (red) : 2 (roan) : 1 white.

The ratio of red to white is 1:1, and the ratio of roan to non-roan is 2:1, which gives the phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1 for red:roan:white.

Codominance is a type of genetic inheritance in which both alleles of a gene are expressed equally in the phenotype of a heterozygous individual. This means that neither allele is dominant or recessive, and both contribute to the observable traits of the organism

When two roan cattle (Rr x Rr) are crossed, the possible genotypes of their offspring are RR, Rr, and rr. The phenotypic ratios of the offspring will be:

25% red (RR)

50% roan (Rr)

25% white (rr)

This is because both red and white alleles are codominant, meaning they are expressed equally in the heterozygous state (Rr) and produce the roan phenotype. The ratio of red to white is 1:1, and the ratio of roan to non-roan is 2:1, which gives the phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1 for red:roan:white.

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Plasmid carries a gene into a cell

A piece of DNA that is used to carry a gene of interest into a cell is known as Vector. This is because it is a vehicle that significantly carries foreign DNA molecules into the host cell.

Gene may be defined as a stretch of DNA that has genetic information. It is the nucleotide sequence that has the ability to produce a functional protein or enzyme.

According to the context of this question, a vector is commonly used in recombinant DNA technology. It is a double-stranded, circular extrachromosomal DNA that is separated or detached from the genomic DNA.

It has quite a difference with plasmid. The Plasmid is generally an extrachromosomal element of the bacterial cell.

Therefore, a vector is a piece of DNA that is used to carry a gene of interest into a cell.

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Based on the DNA sequence: TAC,CCA,TAG, CAC ,GTT,ACA, ACG

Transcription is the process by which RNA molecules are made from DNA molecules.

The RNA molecules produced are known as messenger RNA or mRNA which are then used to make proteins.

Translation is the process by mRNA molecules are used to make proteins from amino acids at the ribosomes.

The nucleotides in the mRNA are read in triplets known as codons.

For the given DNA sequence: TAC,CCA,TAG, CAC ,GTT,ACA, ACG

The mRNA produced is: AUG, GGU, AUC, GUG, CAA, UGU, UGC.

The amino acid sequence is: Met, Gly, Isoleucine, Val, Glu, Cys, Cys.

Therefore, proteins are made from DNA through the process of transcription and translation.

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Nicotine is absorbed easily through the skin and feathers of birds. The smoke emitted from cigarettes will release nicotine into the air and that nicotine will settle on surfaces. These surfaces include your bird’s cage, bowls, toys and the bird itself. When a bird has nicotine land on their skin from secondhand smoke they will many times pick at their feathers or bite at their feet. Some will bite at themselves to the point that they create open wounds.

Respiratory infections and lung cancers are also a concern for birds kept in an environment where secondhand smoke is prevalent. Pneumonia is a very serious condition in domesticated birds and can lead to death.

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The oxidation of a substance is the a chemical reaction in which oxygen is combined with another substance. Similarly the phosphorylation is the addition of phosphate group and dephosphorylating is the removal of phosphate group.

The oxidation reaction is a type of  reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen or it loss one or more electron to transfer to its higher oxidation states.

The phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group  (PO₄) into a molecule. Phosphorylation is a very significant combination reaction step takes place in nucleic acids in all living things.

Dephosphorylation  is just opposite to the phosphorylation reaction. Here, the phosphate group is removed from the molecule. In some metabolic reactions ATP undergo dephosphorylation to form ADP molecule. Hence, all the terms and definitions are correctly matched here.

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The main role of oxygen in photosynthesis and respiration is that Oxygen is released in photosynthesis and used in cellular respiration to produce energy.

In photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide reacts to form oxygen and glucose while on the other hand, In cellular respiration, oxygen is used to break down glucose in order to release energy in the form of ATP.

So we can conclude that the main role of oxygen in photosynthesis and respiration is that Oxygen is released in photosynthesis and used in cellular respiration to produce energy.

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Answer:

The maximum population size that an ecosystem can support is called carrying capacity. Limiting factors determine carrying capacity. The availability of abiotic factors (such as water, oxygen, and space) and biotic factors (such as food) dictates how many organisms can live in an ecosystem.

Explanation:

Cell-mediated immunity involves the activation of different specialized cells present in the immune system.

Cell-mediated immunity is a type of adaptive immune response that involves the activation of different specialized cells present in the immune system.

These cells include, among others, phagocytes (macrophages), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, etc.

Cell-mediated immunity also involves the release of chemical messengers such as cytokines that activate immune responses (e.g. inflammation).

These immune responses act in a concerted mode to recognize and attack antigens present in the flu virus.

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Answer:

I believe that this one is the cell membrane, but double-check.

Explanation:

Answer:

Cytoplasm

Explanation:

In eukaryotes, there is a definite nucleus where the ribosome and mRNA production takes place. The ribosomes and mRNA come out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm where the ribosomes work upon and catalyze the formation of proteins. Meaning that in eukaryotic cell, ribosomes make proteins in the cytoplasm.

Explanation:

Ribosome existed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and existed freely in cytoplasm