Based on MacArthur and Wilson's island equilibrium model, birds have higher richness due to higher mobility capabilities.
What is MacArthur and Wilson's island equilibrium model?MacArthur and Wilson's island equilibrium model indicates that species having greater mobility reach more niches by dispersion and therefore they have higher richness.
In conclusion, based on MacArthur and Wilson's island equilibrium model, birds have higher richness due to higher mobility capabilities.
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Identify the natural biome in which you live, and summarize its abiotic and biotic characteristics. Do these reflect your actual surroundings? Explain.
A biome is an enormous terrestrial environment with a diverse range of flora and fauna living a significant habitat. Its flora, climate, soil, temperature, and wildlife are what distinguish it.
Different areas of the biosphere contain biotic and abiotic elements. Abiotic variables are those that are not caused by living things such as light, soil, temperature, water, and nutrients. Biotic factors are those that are caused by living things.Abiotic variables affect an organism's capacity for survival and reproduction and restrict population expansion. The community of biotic organisms interacts with the environment's non-living components, and biotic factors have an impact on the entire ecosystem. Because plants require precise temperatures, soil, and moisture to develop and because animals depend on plants for food, biotic factors depend on abiotic factors to survive. Thus, the quantity and distribution of life on Earth are influenced by both biotic and abiotic causes.Localized variations in climate have an impact on biotic and abiotic elements that surround people and the natural world. It creates a distinctive ecosystem that adapts to the local environment from its initial state, changing how the typical qualities of the biome are portrayed.Learn more about the biome with the help of the given link:
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a series of interconnected components that maintain a chemical or physical parameter of the body near a constant value is known as a(n) . multiple choice question. thermostatic control system effector feedback loop biological control system disturbance feedback loop
A series of interconnected components that maintain a chemical or physical parameter of the body near a constant value is known as biological control system.
What is biological control system?The mammalian organism continues to function in a stable, effective, and "near-optimal" manner and homeostasis in the face of external and internal disturbances through many biological mechanisms Physiological systems of all sizes, including the neurological, endocrine, immunological, respiratory, circulatory, etc.) to cellular (growth and proliferation control, DNA damage repair, for example) and subcellular (gene expression, protein synthesis, metabolite guidelines, etc.). In the area of control theory known as "Biological Control Systems," the role, arrangement, and coordination of from a control engineering standpoint complex multi-scale biological systems and the regulatory frameworks that allow them to effectively do their duties.
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during strenuous exercise, when muscles are not being supplied with enough oxygen, a shift in metabolism results in the breakdown of pyruvic acid to lactic acid. what is this change in metabolism called?
The Change is called ATP. For muscle to contract, ATP must be present in muscle fibers. ATP is offered from the subsequent sources:
inside the muscle fiber. ATP available in muscle fibers can sustain muscular contraction for several seconds. phosphocreatine. creatine phosphoric acid, a high-energy molecule stored in muscle cells, transfers its high-energy phosphate group to ADP to create ATP. creatine phosphoric acid in muscle cells can generate enough ATP to sustain shortening for about 15 seconds. Glucose stored in cells. Intracellular glucose is stored in carbohydrate glycogen. Through the organic process of glycogenolysis, glycogen is weakened to release glucose. metastasis then produces ATP from glucose. Glucose and fatty acids extracted from the bloodstream. When energy demand is high, glucose from glycogen stores within the liver and fatty acids from adipocytes and fat stores in the liver are released into the bloodstream. Glucose and fatty acids are haunted by muscle cells from the bloodstream. metastasis produces ATP from these high-energy molecules. internal respiration is that the process by which ATP is extracted from high-energy molecules. Several important metabolic pathways are involved, a number of which require the presence of oxygen. the most methods are summarized as follows.
Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate and produces two molecules of ATP within the absence of oxygen. the assembly of ATP without oxygen is termed anaerobic respiration, and glycolysis is named an anaerobic process because oxygen isn't employed in the varied metabolic steps of this pathway. During anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted to lactate. carboxylic acid is converted (via liver enzymes) to pyruvate, and within the presence of oxygen pyruvate can enter the mitochondria
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Which fluid fills the pericardial cavity and lubricates the membranes, allowing the heart toe beat with mimimal friction?
The pericardial sac contains a very little amount of fluid known as pericardial fluid. The pericardial layers are less likely to scratch one another because of this fluid.
What is pericardial fluid?The potential space created between the two layers of serous pericardium around the heart is known as the pericardial cavity.
It typically contains a little quantity of serous fluid, which works to lubricate and lower surface tension. As a result, the cavity makes it easier for the heart to beat freely.
The pericardial sac contains a very little amount of fluid known as pericardial fluid.
Therefore, pericardial fluid fills the pericardial cavity and lubricates the membranes, allowing the heart toe beat with minimal friction.
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What is the biological roles of human?
in meiosis i, determines the number of chromosomes in the gametes. this is an essential process that serves to keep the same number of chromosomes in the embryo that will be formed when the gametes get together.
Reductional Division
Meiosis, the process by which germ cells are created, involves the initial cell division. Chromosome number is decreased from diploid (46 chromosomes) to haploid during reduction division (23 chromosomes). sometimes referred to as the initial meiotic division and meiosis. Before meiosis starts, the cell's chromosomes are reproduced. During meiosis, there are two divisions that take place.
Due to the genetic material's reduction from diploid to haploid during the first division, known as meiosis I, it is frequently referred to as a reductional division. The term "ploidy" describes how many chromosomal sets are present in a species' genome. Haploid denotes the presence of one pair of chromosomes, whereas diploid denotes the presence of two sets.
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Which is the broadest category of classification for the praying mantis?
The broadest category of classification for the praying mantis is referred to as animalia in this type of scenario.
What is Classification?This is defined as the process in which organisms are arranged into a group based on the similar features or characteristics between them. According to Linnaeus' hierarchical system of classification there are seven levels which include the following from broadest to narrowest.
KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies.We can infer from the list given above that that the broadest category is Kingdom while the narrowest category is referred to as species which has smaller unique features.
Since praying mantis have similar features with animals such as being able to move, eat etc it is grouped under the Kingdom animalia which is the broadest group in this category thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
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Ned observed an unknown chemical (A) reacting with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The reaction formed potassium chloride salt (KCl) and another unknown substance (B). Ned wrote down what he knew about the reaction: A + HCl KCl + B From this information, Ned inferred that unknown substance A was potassium (K) and that unknown substance B was hydrogen (H2). What is another logical interpretation of this data? A. A is chlorine (Cl2) and B is hydrochloric acid (HCl). B. A is potassium hydroxide (KOH) and B is water (H2O). C. There is no way to infer what the unknown substances are from the given information.
Another logical interpretation of this data is option(b) i.e, A is potassium hydroxide (KOH) and B is water (H2O).
Often found in a water solution, potassium oxide is an odorless, white, or slightly yellow, flaky, or lumpy solid. It is employed in the production of soap, the lithographic process, paint and varnish removers, electroplating, and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries. Potassium Hydroxide makes up 25 to 36% of liquid drain cleaners.
Numerous industries employ caustic potash, often known as potassium hydroxide. It is employed in the production of various compounds, fertilizers, the chemical sector, mining, potassium soaps, and detergents. Potassium hydroxide's primary use in cosmetic and skincare products is to maintain a product's pH balance. Skincare product compositions must take the pH of the product into consideration. If a product's pH is overly basic or acidic,
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Human construction of buildings and pavement affect the hydrological cycle by? i. increasing runoff. ii. increasing evaporation. iii. increasing percolation.
Human construction of buildings and pavement affects the hydrological cycle by
increasing runoff.increasing percolation.I and II only
This is further explained below.
What is a hydrological cycle?Generally, Water is continuously circulated throughout the Earth-atmosphere system as part of the hydrologic cycle. The movement of water from the earth to the atmosphere and back is the essence of the water cycle.
In conclusion, Human construction of buildings and pavement affects the hydrological cycle by
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Human construction of buildings and pavement affect the hydrological cycle by
I. increasing runoff.
II. increasing evaporation.
III. increasing percolation.
contrast the role of spores in the land plant life cycle with the role of gametes; identify the structures associated with the dispersal of spores in non-vascular land plants.
Spores are the cells performing asexual reproduction whereas gametes are involved in sexual reproduction in the land plants. The non-vascular land plants have various structures like elaters, peristomeal teeth, capsules, etc. that help in spore dispersal.
Spores are the diploid non-gametic structures involved in reproduction. They alone can give rise to offspring through asexual mode of reproduction. They can reproduce by fragmentation or by formation of special structures called gemmae.
Peristomeal teeth are the triangular tooth-like structures that surround the capsule of bryophytes. There are two sets of teeth with 16 in each set. They perform hygroscopic movement and therefore help in dispersal.
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which one of the following statements concerning cardiac muscle cells is true? they are multinuclear cells. they require an external stimulus to undergo contraction they possess numerous caveolae. they are spindle shaped. they are joined together end-to-end by intercalated disks
The statements concerning cardiac muscle cells which is true- they are joined together end-to-end by intercalated disks.
cardiac muscle cells are the involuntary and striated muscles that are present in the wall of the heart.
The myocardium is divided into endocardium (the inner layer) and pericardium (outer layer)
They are unicellular muscles with which are joined together by the intercalated disc and are encased by collagen fibres which forms the extracellular matrix.
They don't need an external stimuli and keep working so that the pumping of the heart is not stopped. The stimuli started from the sino atrial node which gets transmitted to the all over the heart muscles.
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In the muscular disease myasthenia gravis, antibodies bind to and block certain receptors on muscle cells, preventing muscle contraction. Is this disease best classified as an immunodeficiency disease, an autoimmune disease, or an allergic reaction? Explain.
Because it causes the development of antibodies against the acetylcholine receptors of skeletal muscles, myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition.
What is an autoimmune disease?The body develops an autoimmune disease and unintentionally targets healthy cells when the natural defense mechanism can't tell the difference between your cells and foreign cells. More than 80 different types of autoimmune diseases exist, and they can affect many different body parts.
What are the top five symptoms of an autoimmune disease?Numerous different tissue types and almost every organ in your body are susceptible to autoimmune disorders. Numerous symptoms, including as discomfort, exhaustion, rashes, nausea, migraines, dizziness, and more, may be brought on by them. The exact ailment determines the specific symptoms.
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Containers of ice cream are sold by volume, not by weight. Some ice
cream companies pump air into the ice cream before packaging it.
Why does this practice make the ice cream more expensive to the
consumer?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Answer:
This makes the Amount of ice cream less than the volume it occupies.
If you were to buy x amount of ice cream for $5 but then find out 50% of it is air, you are really paying $5 for 1/2x amount of ice cream or $10 for X
Gigantopithecus stood ________ feet tall and weighed ________ pounds. group of answer choices
a. six; 250
b. four; 300
c. 10; 660
d. five; 400
Gigantopithecus stood 10 feet tall and weighed 660 pounds.
The Gigantopithecus is an extinct species of giant primate that inhabited the earth during the prehistoric era and from the fossil remains that have been discovered it is known as the largest primate that has existed, based on the physiognomy of these prehistoric animals it is thought that their diet included bamboo and seasonal fruits, the closest relative today is the orangutan.
Many scientists have concluded that the origin of the extinction of the Gigantopithecus is related to an important change in the climatic conditions of its habitat to which the Gigantopithecus was unable to adapt.
What is a primate?A primate is the name given to the group of mammals that includes prosimians, monkeys and apes, including humans.
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which species concept might differentiate species on the basis of specific dietary requirements? morphospecies concept phylogenetic species concept ecological species concept
The ecological species concept might differentiate species based on specific dietary requirements
The ecological species concept is a species concept where a species is a group of organisms adapted to a specific dietary requirements in the environment known as a niche. Populations establish the distinct phenetic clusters we recognize as species according to the ecological concept. The evolutionary and ecological processes that control how resources are distributed tend to generate those clusters.
Ecological research, especially with similar species living near, has amply demonstrated that differences in form and behavior between species are frequently linked to disparities in the ecological resources that the species exploit. The biological, recognition and cladistic species concepts should be contrasted with the ecological species concept.
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What grounds does corvino give for rejecting the argument that homosexuality is wrong because the bible prohibits it?
He claims that such an argument ignores the context in which the Bible was written. grounds does Corvino give for rejecting the argument that homosexuality is wrong because the bible prohibits it.
What is homosexuality?
Romantic interest, sexual attraction, or sexual conduct between people of the same sex or gender is referred to as homosexuality. The definition of homosexuality as a sexual orientation is "a lasting pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to individuals of the same sex. "It also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a group of people who share those interests," according to the definition.
Scientists do not yet know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they theorize that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences and do not view it as a choice. Homosexuality is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation within the heterosexual-homosexual continuum, along with bisexuality and heterosexuality.
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When chyme enters the small intestine, ______ is released from the pancreas to neutralize hydrochloric acid.
When chyme enters the small intestine, pancreatic juice is released from the pancreas to neutralize hydrochloric acid.
What is pancreatic juice?Pancreatic juice is the secretion of the pancreas produced by the acini found in it, which is released for the digestion of the food that is ingested. This juice is released by the stimulation of the acidity that is given by the chyme in the duodenum.
The juice is composed of water, mineral salts, mucins and proenzymes. All these components will neutralize and digest the components of the chyme.
Therefore, we can confirm that when chyme enters the small intestine, pancreatic juice is released from the pancreas to neutralize hydrochloric acid.
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Mutagens are chemical and physical agents that induce mutations in DNA (see Concept 17.5 ). How does reduced ozone concentration in the atmosphere increase the likelihood of mutations in various organisms?
Reduced ozone levels raise the amount of UV light that reaches the earth and its inhabitants. Mutations are caused by UV radiation by disrupting thymine dimers in DNA.
The goal of a command economy is to
Explanation:
it is to supply enough food, housing and other basics to meet the needs of everyone in the country
novel mechanism for regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis revealed by protein kinase a inhibition
The novel mechanisms for the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis are revealed by protein kinase A inhibition. So this is a correct statement.
What is EGFR?The receptor tyrosine kinases known as the ERBB family, which includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), play crucial roles in both healthy physiological states and malignant situations.
The extracellular and intracellular domains of the receptor tyrosine kinases undergo dynamic conformational changes when they contact their ligands, which causes the transphosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the C-terminal regulatory domain.
These act as docking sites for molecules that come after them and cause metastasis, invasion, proliferation, and the avoidance of apoptosis, all of which are crucial for the cancer phenotype.
Therefore, the statement is correct.
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Shaniqua is a holistic veterinarian who specializes in phytotherapy. She is speaking before a class of veterinary students, discussing the efficacy of using herbs and plants to promote animal wellness. One student asks Shaniqua why she believes that herbal remedies are superior to traditional medications, given that many medications are derived from plants. How will Shaniqua MOST likely reason with this student? A. She will say that the pharmaceutical manufacturers are dishonest about their use of plants in medicines. B. She might note that there are more studies done on the use of herbal remedies than there are of prescription medications. C. She will explain that companies supplying herbal remedies have better motives than pharmaceutical companies. D. She might say that using a whole herb instead of just a component of it is thought to cut down on unintended side effects.
She might note that there are more studies done on the use of herbal remedies than there are of prescription medications.
Define herbal remedies.Products made from plants known as botanicals or herbs are known as herbal goods, botanical products, or phytomedicines and are used to treat ailments or maintain health. A product manufactured from plants called a herbal supplement is only meant to be consumed internally.
Although they are FDA-regulated and only contain pure chemicals, many prescription pharmaceuticals and over-the-counter drugs are also made from plant components. Herbal supplements may contain whole plants or plant parts.
Herbal supplements are available in a variety of forms, including dried, chopped, powdered, liquid, capsules, and more.
swallowed as tinctures, tablets, or powdermade into teaApplying gels, lotions, or creams to the skinin the bath waterto know more about herbal check the link given below
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describe the dorsal body cavity and its subdivisions: describe the ventral body cavity and its subdivisions: describe the serous membranes or serosa of the ventral body cavity:
The dorsal cavity resides at the back portion of the body. It is subdivided into two parts:
Cranial cavity, which resides the brain; andSpinal cavity, that encloses the backbone.The ventral cavity is larger than the dorsal cavity, present at the front portion. The subdivisions of the ventral cavity are:
Thoracic cavity: encloses the chest area and is further divided into pleural cavities and the pericardial cavity.Abdominopelvic cavity: present at the lower half of the trunk. IT is further divided into abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.The serous membrane is a thin tissue structure that covers the cavities of the body. It is if two types:
Visceral layer: covering the outer surface of the organs. Parietal layer: covering the internal cavities of the organs.To know more about dorsal cavity, here
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Contrast swimming and flying in terms of the main problems they pose and the adaptations that allow animals to overcome those problems.
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In general, locomotion on land will require more energy than locomotion in water. By integrating what you learned about animal form and function in Unit 7 , discuss some of the evolutionary adaptations of mammals that support the high energy requirements for moving on land.
Since they must overcome higher inertia when moving, land animals need more energy. Land animals have adapted a variety of evolutionary strategies to meet their high energy needs.
What more can be learnt?In aquatic creatures like fish, the heart has four chambers instead of the typical two. More heart divisions improve blood circulation efficiency, which in turn speeds up the transport of oxygen to cells for increased energy production.The lungs of land mammals have also evolved, increasing the output of the respiratory process by improving the efficiency of gas exchange.Land mammals have have an advanced and robust musculoskeletal system that aids in locomotion.To learn more about evolutionary adaptation visit:
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If the chloroplast is the result of endosymbiosis, what membrane of the chloroplast represents the plasma membrane of the ancestral cyanobacteria?
According to the Endosymbiotic theory, free-living bacteria were phagozited by another cell. The internal membrane of chloroplast represents the plasma membrane of cyanobacteria.
What does the endosymbiotic theory state?
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria that were phagocytized by another cell but not digested.
These bacteria got to adapt to their host, and both cells became interdependent.
Both organelles have many similarities with other free-living bacteria.
Chloroplasts probably derivate from cyanobacteria. Mitochondria derivate from rickettsias.From the phagocytosis moment, these two cells became so dependent on each other, that they could not survive without the other one.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria share some traits with free-living bacteria, that support the theory.
Both organelles present their genetic material. This DNI is independent of the cell's DNA, is bi-catenary and circular, identical to the bacterial DNA, and very different from the one of the eukaryotic cells. Both organelles divide by binary fission, not by mitosis, and can synthesize their ribosomes and organelles. Both organelles present a double membrane, a characteristic that reinforces the idea of being phagocyted. The internal membrane looks identical to the bacterial membrane, while the external membrane looks like the eukaryotic one.In fact, in this internal membrane are placed the energy centers, just as it occurs in bacterias membrane.
Finally, the sizes of the organelles are similar to the size of some procaryotes.According to this information, we could say that membrane of the chloroplast that represents the plasma membrane of the ancestral cyanobacteria is the internal membrane.
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If you mixed gastric juice with crushed food in a test tube, what would happen?
By first denaturizing the proteins in the crushed food with HCl and then hydrolyzing them into smaller polypeptides, gastric juice would start the digestion of the proteins (pepsin).
Describe protein digestion.Protein digestion begins when you first start chewing. Amylase and lipase are two of the enzymes found in saliva. They mainly break down lipids and carbohydrates.Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and proteases enzymes break it down into smaller chains of amino acids. Amino acids are joined by peptides, which are broken down by proteases.Your stomach sends these shorter amino acid chains to your small intestine. At this time, your pancreas also releases a bicarbonate buffer to reduce the acidity of the food being digested as well as enzymes.More enzymes can now continue breaking down long amino acid chains into their constituent amino acids because to the decrease in their workload.In this stage, the following enzymes are typically used: trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidaseLearn more about the human digestive system with the help of the given link:
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neurotransmitters bind to , which are protein structures on the surface of the neuron cell membrane. a. neural receptors b. cell bodies
Neurotransmitters bind to neural receptors, which are protein structures on the surface of the neuron cell membrane.
What are neural receptors?Neural receptors are specialized cell receptors located in neurons or nerve cells that bind to chemical messengers (also called neurotransmitters) to trigger concomitant responses depending on the stimuli conditions.
In conclusion, neurotransmitters bind to neural receptors, which are protein structures on the surface of the neuron cell membrane.
Complete Question:
Fill in the blank. Neurotransmitters bind to ____, which are protein structures on the surface of the neuron cell membrane.
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assume population b and population c evolve until they reach adaptive peaks and experience stabilizing selection. both populations have the same mutation rate.
Assume population B and population C evolve until they reach adaptive peaks and experience stabilizing selection. Both populations have the same m-utation rate.here population B will have more variability in size.
here m-utation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. M-utations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection.
common m-utation examples in humans are Angelman syndrome, Canavan disease, color blindness, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, haemochromatosis, haemophilia, Klinefelter syndrome, phenylketonuria, etc.
here The rate of m-utation is the probability that a given base pair or a larger region of DNA changes with time.
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Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because a. protists eat bacteria. b. bacteria are not made of cells. c. protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus. d. protists are photosynthetic.
Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because protista have membrane bound nucleous.
Protists and prokaryotes both belong to the sameThe outcome is a kind of evolutionary family tree that shows the connections among different organisms across time. Bacteria, Archaea (both prokaryotic), and Eukarya are the three main categories or "domains" of life in this system (the eukaryotes). The protists no longer form a single group in the eukaryotic domain.
Bacteria come under prokaryotes, because bacterial DNA is not seperated from the remaining cells by a membrane bound nucleus .
So, the option C will be correct.
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The clinic nurse is caring for a client with acute bronchitis. the client asks what may have caused the infection. what may induce acute bronchitis?
According to the research, the correct option is a virus, usually from a badly treated cold or flu. It may be a cause that induces acute bronchitis.
What is acute bronchitis?It is a viral disease that produces tightness in the chest, shortness of breath and cough due to inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi caused by a virus.
In this sense, it usually begins with sinusitis, secretions from the nose and sore throat and then reaches the respiratory tract, it can come from poorly treated flu that becomes complicated, once affected, it is common for the patient to contract a secondary bacterial infection in the respiratory tract.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is a virus, usually from a badly treated cold or flu. It may be a cause that induces acute bronchitis.
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