Before the industrial revolution, per capita GDP in nations differed by a factor of little over time and across countries.
The first three industrial revolutions that had an impact on our contemporary society are listed above. The steam engine, the age of science and mass production, and the rise of digital technology were three innovations that fundamentally altered the world as we knew it.
Agriculture and handicrafts-based economies were replaced by economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system during the Industrial Revolution. Existing industries became more productive and efficient as a result of new equipment, power sources, and organizational techniques.
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If an insurer requires that an applicant or insured undergo a physical examination in order to obtain or continue coverage, who must pay the cost of such examination?
The one who must pay the cost of such examination is insurer.
They are the company that develops the insurance policy and sets the terms of the agreement. The terms underwriter and insurer are sometimes used synonymously. It is the responsibility of insurance companies to fulfill the commitment made by an insurance policy to reimburse the policyholder for a loss. Frequently, you buy your insurance coverage directly from an insurer.
However, a lot of people use brokers to purchase their insurance. A broker is not an insurer. On behalf of insurers, brokers offer insurance. When you purchase insurance through a broker, the insurer is responsible for issuing your policy and managing any claims you may have.
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what is the cost of goods sold for may? what is the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of may? what is the total value of the work in process inventory at the end of may?
Cost of goods sold is the term used to describe the direct expenses incurred by a company in manufacturing the commodities it sells (COGS). This total also includes the price of the materials and labor that were used directly to create the item. It excludes indirect costs like those incurred in connection with the sales team and distribution.
The phrase "cost of sales" is another name for "cost of goods sold."
All costs and expenses directly associated with the creation of goods are included in the cost of goods sold (COGS).Indirect expenses like sales and marketing and overhead are not included in COGS.Gross profit and gross margin are determined by deducting COGS from revenues (sales). Lower margins are the result of higher COGS.Depending on the accounting principles employed in the computation, COGS will have a different value.Operating expenses (OPEX) are distinct from COGS since OPEX covers costs that are not directly related to the creation of goods or services.As a company's gross profit is calculated by subtracting COGS from its revenues, COGS is a crucial financial statement statistic. The gross profit is a measure of profitability that assesses how effectively a business manages its workers and resources during the production process.To learn more about cost of goods sold visit:https://brainly.com/question/24561653
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If the fed wants to raise real gdp growth by raising money supply growth, which condition will make monetary policy more effective in raising real gdp growth?
The fed wants to raise real GDP growth by raising money supply growth, condition will make monetary policy more effective in raising real GDP growth is Prices continue to remain vert sticky.
When prices are sticky increase in aggregate demand is larger and monetary policy is more effective.
What is GDP?
A monetary indicator of the marketplace worth of all of the completed items and offerings produced in a state over a given time period is referred to as the gross domestic product (GDP). This measurement is often modified before it may be trusted as a hallmark due to how complicated and subjective it's miles.To evaluate residing standards among international locations, the use of a foundation of GDP in step with capita at purchasing electricity parity (PPP) may be more beneficial, while nominal GDP is greater beneficial for evaluating country wide economies on the global marketplace. GDP (nominal) in step with capita does now not, however, mirror variations inside the cost of living and the inflation fees of the countries.The contribution of each enterprise or sector to the overall GDP can also be quantified. The consistent with capita GDP of a vicinity is calculated because the GDP divided by way of the entire populace (additionally known as the imply standard of residing).several countrywide and international financial companies hold GDP definitions. GDP is defined as "an mixture degree of manufacturing same to the sum of the gross values delivered of all resident and institutional gadgets engaged in production and offerings (plus any taxes, and minus any subsidies on merchandise not included inside the price in their outputs)" by using the employer for monetary Co-operation and development (OECD).To learn more about GDP visit:https://brainly.com/question/10578912
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Decision alternatives are structured so that only one of them can be chosen. group of answer choices
a. true
b. false
The answer is true. Alternative strategies, in general, are designed to hold a diverse range of classic and non-traditional financial assets, but they are handled in unconventional ways. For example, leverage is the strategies of borrowing money in order to potentially boost the return on a specific investment.
First, the alternative should be compatible with the company's aims and objectives. Second, the alternative should be consistent with the existing assessment of the company's strengths. Third, the products must have market opportunities. Finally, the product should be efficient and effective to manufacture. Market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification are the four strategies possibilities.
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salespeople responsible for existing customers emphasize selling products over servicing and relationship building.
It is accurate and accurate to say that salespeople in charge of repeat business prioritize selling items over providing customer service, and that developing relationships with clients and prospects is a key component of such interactions.
You persuade clients to purchase a good or service as a salesperson. You direct the customer's journey from the first point of contact all the way up to the point of sale, utilizing one-on-one communication to match your product with their desires and requirements.
You employ a range of strategies to boost sales throughout the short and long terms. Salespeople are adept in communicating, open to their clients, and capable of demonstrating the worth of their goods.
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moody corporation uses a job-order costing system with a plantwide predetermined overhead rate based on machine-hours. at the beginning of the year, the company made the following estimates:
$9.14 per machine hour
Explanation:
Fixed predetermine overhead rate:
= Fixed manufacturing overhead cost ÷ Machine hours required to support estimated production
= 660,000 ÷ 152,000
= 4.34 per machine hour
Variable predetermine overhead rate = $ 4.80 per machine hour
Total predetermine overhead rate:
= Fixed predetermine overhead rate + Variable predetermine overhead rate
= ($4.34 + $ 4.80)
= $9.14 per machine hour
What is Job Order Costing?
Labor costing is a costing method used to determine the cost of manufacturing each product. This costing method is typically used when a manufacturer manufactures a variety of products that differ from each other and needs to calculate the cost of doing a single job. Job costing includes direct labor, direct materials, and manufacturing overhead for that particular job.
To determine the profitability of a job
Job cost helps determine if a job is profitable. This helps the company estimate the value of the materials, labor, and overheads expended to perform that particular job. Efficient labor costing can help companies create competitive low enough quotes, yet still be profitable for your business.
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Incomplete Question
Companies are greatly expanding the type, nature, and level of data to analyze. what does this behavior indicate?
Companies are greatly expanding the type, nature, and level of data to analyze the behavior indicate is It illustrates the accelerating pace of people analytics production.
Businesses are significantly increasing the sort nature, and degree of information to investigate. At Nielsen people analytics confirmed the shortage of internal mobility become a difficulty wherein worker retention became worried.
Human analytics is about collecting and analyzing facts about human beings in a staff. it's now and again referred to as HR analytics or team of workers analytics. Human statistics is found in HR structures from other departments that find it irresistible and sales and from outside sources which include profits surveys. In two thousand one, Merck first commenced using human beings' statistics to inform decisions.
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according to ansoff’s strategic opportunity matrix, both product development and diversification involve the creation of new products.
according to Ansoff's strategic opportunity matrix, both product development and diversification involve the creation of new products.
This is further explained below.
What is Ansoff's strategic opportunity matrix,?Generally, According to Ansoff's strategic opportunity matrix, the development of new goods is a necessary step in both the product development and the diversification processes.
In conclusion, The Ansoff matrix is a methodology that may be used to find prospects for generating money for a company.
It's also known as the product/market matrix, and its primary function is to assist businesses in formulating new expansion plans.
One of the most often used models in marketing is known as the Ansoff strategic opportunity matrix. This model places a significant focus on expansion.
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CQ
according to Ansoff's strategic opportunity matrix, both product development and ________involve the creation of new products.
Why are shortages or surpluses more likely with preset prices than fluctuating prices?
Preset pricing makes an effort to forecast the level of demand that will result in an equilibrium quantity rather than reacting to demand situations.
A state of balance is only useful temporarily. The market won't be in equilibrium if supply or demand changes until the price adjust to the new equilibrium point. Because the market price cannot adapt in reaction to changes in supply and demand, preset prices are likely to generate shortages and surpluses. On the other hand, if pricing was flexible, there would be a lower likelihood of shortages or surpluses since the price could be changed to the new equilibrium price anytime supply or demand changes. Sometimes the market is not in equilibrium, meaning that the amount supplied and the amount requested are not equal. Either there is an excess of supply or demand at this time. When there is an excess of supply that is when the amount supplied exceeds the amount demanded a market surplus results.
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A _____ is a centralized resource staffed by it professionals who provide users with the support they need to do their jobs.
a. maintenance software module
b. help desk
c. utility point
A maintenance software program module is a centralized Resource staffed by experts who provide customers with the assistance they want to do their jobs.
Resources are a sort of delivery that can be drawn on through a person or enterprise in order to feature and execute plans and projects. assets can be in the shape of cash, fabric, staff, energy, know-how, time and management, among different matters.
Oil, coal, herbal gas, metals, stone, and sand are herbal resources. other herbal assets are air, sunlight, soil and water. Animals, birds, fish, and flora are herbal sources as well. natural assets are used to make meals, gas, and uncooked materials for the production of goods. inside the context of commercial enterprise and economics, aid is anything it's vital to perform a purpose or perform a hobby. In short, they're the components that a business desires with the intention to do business. assets frequently include employees, operating areas, gadgets, or capital.
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A(n) _____ is a collection of people who work together and coordinate their actions to achieve a wide variety of goals.
The organization is a collection of people who work together and coordinate their actions to achieve a wide variety of goals.
What is a measure of an organizational goal and the degree to which an organization achieves the goal?An organization could be a bunch of individuals who work together, like a neighbourhood association, a charity, a union, or a corporation. it will be able utilize the word organization to refer to gather or business, or to the act of shaping or setting up goal.
Organizational effectiveness can be characterized as the degree to which an organization achieves its objectives. how effective an organization is in achieving its intended outcomes and results.
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net working capi tal is defined as current liabilities minus current assets. group of answer choices true false
Net working capital is defined as current liabilities minus current assets.
This statement is False.
What is meant by net working capital?
Working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
Current Assets
Current assets are the economic benefits that the company expects to receive within the next 12 months. The company has the right to receive the financial benefit, and calculating working capital.
Current Liabilities
Current liabilities are simply all debts a company owes or will owe within the next twelve months.
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given a list of foreign exchange rates a selected curreny a target currency your goal is to calculate the max amount of the target currency to 1 unit of the selected currency through the fx transactions. assume all transations are free and done immediately. if you cannot finish the exchange, return -1.0.
The right answer in this situation is 1.89. A wide range of exchange rates. For example, ['USD', 'GBP', 0.77] denotes that 1 USD is equivalent to 0.77 GBP.
Rates: ["USD," "JPY," 110;" "US," "AUD," 1.45;" and "JPY," "GBP," 0 .0070]
Currency [GBP, AUD] To/From
Give a definition of international exchange rates and an illustration?
The price of the domestic currency relative to another currency is referred to as the foreign exchange rate. The aim of foreign exchange is to compare various currencies to show their relative values. The foreign exchange rate is the amount of domestic money required to purchase one unit of foreign money. The foreign exchange rate is established by the relative purchasing power of the two currencies, in accordance with the Purchasing Power Parity hypothesis.
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What is the total damage imposed as a result of producing the market (unregulated) level of fertilizer?
The total damage imposed as a result of producing the market (unregulated) level of fertilizer
A) The correct option is c) $ 250
Total damage = ( 15 - 10) * 50 = 250
B) The correct option is c) $ 300
Total damage = ( 15 - 10) * 60 = 300
What Is Actual Total Loss?
When an insured property is destroyed or severely damaged to the point that it cannot be repaired or recovered, it suffers an actual total loss. Frequently, the maximum settlement permitted by the insurance policy's conditions is triggered by an actual total loss.Sometimes, people will refer to a piece of property that cannot be salvaged as "totaled," which is another term for an actual total loss.When an insured item is completely lost, destroyed, or severely damaged to the point where it cannot be repaired, this is referred to as an actual total loss, often known as a "total loss."In these situations, the covered party ought to be eligible to get paid by the insurance provider for the entire insured value of the asset.To know more about Unregulated level visit:
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Which characteristics are consistent with a nonprogrammed decision?
The nonprogrammed judgment is used for unique opportunities or threats. It is used if there are no judgment rules fixed.
What Is A Non-Programmed Decision?Defiant to the programmed decision-making, non-programmed findings are ill-structured and one-time conclusions. Issues or situations that don't have a concrete set of rules or procedures to follow rely on non-programmed decision-making. These are tough and have a long-term effect.
The Non-programmed decision-making is even directed as high-involvement decisions or nonroutine findings since they need a high level of involvement in the role of the decision-maker.
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jim root company operates four bowling alleys. the business just received the , , bank statement from city national bank, and the statement shows an ending balance of . listed on the statement are an eft rent collection of , a service charge of , nsf checks totaling , and a charge for printed checks. in reviewing the cash records, the business identified outstanding checks totaling and a deposit in transit of . during , the business recorded a check by debiting salaries expense and crediting cash for . the business's cash account shows an balance of .
Listed on the statement are an EFT rent collection of $440, a service charge of $7, NSF checks totaling $50, and a $23 charge for printed checks.
What is statement?Frequently used in the field of project management is a statement of work (SOW). The work demand for a project is described in narrative form. For a vendor offering services to the client, it specifies project-specific tasks, products, and deadlines. Standard regulatory and governance terms and conditions, together with specific criteria and price, are usually included in the SOW. A master service agreement or request for proposals frequently have it as an essential annex (RFP).
For the hardware or software solutions outlined in the request for proposals, numerous statement of work document template formats and styles have been developed. Many businesses develop their own specialized or generalist SOWs that are specifically tailored to meet the requests and proposals they typically receive.
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What is the absolute value of price elasticity for leisure travelers if the airline increases the price to $500? round your answer to the nearest whole number.
If the airline increases the price to $500, The price elasticity of demand for leisure travelers is 2.
In physics and materials technological know-how, elasticity is the capability of a body to withstand a distorting impact and to return to its authentic length and form whilst that impact or pressure is eliminated.
What's elasticity and example?
Elasticity is the capability of an object or fabric to renew its everyday form after being stretched or compressed. example: A rubber regains its form after long stretch due to its elastic belongings.
How do you explain elasticity?
Elasticity is an economic concept used to degree the alternate within the mixture amount demanded of an amazing or service with regards to price actions of that good or service. A product is considered to be elastic if the amount call for of the product modifications more than proportionally while its price increases or decreases.
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A document that is used to chronologically record a business's debit and credit transactions is called a:______.
A document that is used to chronologically record a business's debit and credit transactions are called a general journal.
The general Ledger is a monetary report of all transactions and balances for a given entity. it's miles a chief aspect of a corporation's accounting system and affords a first and maximum critical reason of journalizing transactions is to maintain your commercial enterprise' budget accurate and properly organized. The magazine records these records chronologically, through debits and credit, which makes the information clear to evaluate and accounting mistakes smooth to spot.
Chronological precis of all monetary pastimes. Chronological is a sorting approach where items are organized by using their incidence in time. In most instances, these objects a separated through specific dates or times of day inside a date. The photograph is an instance of files indexed in chronological order in the Microsoft home windows File Explorer.
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The belief that if you work hard you can escape poverty and achieve economic stability is?
The belief is that if you work hard you can escape poverty and achieve the same economic stability as that her fellow classmates.
Poverty is not having enough money to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, and housing. But poverty is more than just not having enough money. The World Bank Organization describes poverty as Poverty is lack of shelter.
Basically, poverty is the lack of sufficient resources to meet the basic necessities of life such as food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. But in today's world, this can extend to access to healthcare, education, and even transportation. People are considered to be living in poverty when they cannot afford the basic necessities that society considers normal. There are four types of poverty: absolute poverty, relative poverty, subjective poverty, and social exclusion.
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a country reported nominal gdp of $115 billion in 2010 and $125 billion in 2009. it also reported a gdp deflator of 85 in 2010 and 100 in 2009. between 2009 and 2010,
A country reported nominal GDP of $115 billion in 2010 and $125 billion in 2009. it also reported a GDP deflator of 85 in 2010 and 100 in 2009. between 2009 and 2010, real output rose and the price level fell.
Nominal GDP is an assessment of financial products in a financial system that includes contemporary charges in its calculation. In different phrases, it would not strip out inflation or the tempo of growing costs, which could inflate the growth figure. Nominal GDP measures output and the usage of contemporary costs, however actual GDP measures output using constant prices.
Nominal GDP is the inflation-adjusted GDP of a rustic. The Nominal GDP of a country is expressed in phrases of modern-day year fees of products and offerings. The real GDP of a country is expressed in terms of base year costs or steady fees for goods and offerings. It is simple to calculate Nominal GDP.
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in each of the following scenarios, identify whether the supply curve or demand curve shifts in the loanable funds market, and in which direction. there is a widespread fear that the social security retirement system will collapse. as a result, people begin to assume that they will need to pay their own way in retirement. smartwork
The result of the following situation will be that the People begin to save as a result, which increases the supply of loanable funds and moves the number of loanable funds available to the right.
What is a market plan?A marketing plan is a strategy or alteration that an organization is planning to make to its operations or behavior. It can have to do with the product or how they are marketing it.
As there is a change in the demand curve and the supply curve then the will be investing the money as the people are not putting their amount in the retirement fund as that is so the people will be more interested in the loan fund which demand will increase.
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suppose smith wants one iphone no matter what the price is between $0 and $350, jones wants one iphone no matter what the price is between $0 and $200, and griffith wants one iphone no matter what the price is between $0 and $450. in this case, each individual buyer’s demand curve will be and the market demand curve will be .
The answer is Each individual buyer’s demand curve will be Vertical and the market demand curve will be Downward sloping.
The demand curve could be a graphical representation of the connection between the value of an honest or service and therefore the quantity demanded for a given period of your time. in a very typical representation, the value will appear on the left vertical axis, the amount demanded on the horizontal axis.
The demand curve will move downward from the left to the correct, which expresses the law of demand—as the worth of a given commodity increases, the amount demanded decreases, all else being equal.
Note that this formulation implies that price is that the variable, and quantity the variable. In most disciplines, the experimental variable appears on the horizontal or x-axis, but economics is an exception to the current rule.
The degree to which rising price translates into falling demand is named demand elasticity or price elasticity of demand. If a 50% rise in corn prices causes the number of corn demanded to fall by 50%, the demand elasticity of corn is 1. If a 50% rise in corn prices only decreases the amount demanded by 10%, the demand elasticity is 0.2. The demand curve is shallower (closer to horizontal) for products with more elastic demand, and steeper (closer to vertical) for products with less elastic demand.
Other factors can shift the demand curve similarly, like a change in consumers' preferences.
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when a tenant in a rent-controlled apartment sublets the apartment to another renter at a rent higher than the price ceiling: a there is an increase in quantity demanded. b there is an increase in quantity supplied. c we say that the transaction takes place on a black market. d there is a decrease in quantity demanded. e it is inefficient.
when a tenant in a rent-controlled apartment sublets the apartment to another renter at a rent higher than the price ceiling there is an increase in quantity supplied.
This is because renting out an apartment without the owner's permission is illegal, and even if it were, it would still be unlawful to charge a rent that is more than the maximum allowed. Therefore, a black market is where the transaction must happen.
Rent Control: What Is It?
A landlord is only permitted to charge a certain price for renting a property or renewing a lease under a government policy called rent control. Municipalities typically pass rent control legislation, although the specifics might differ greatly. All are designed to keep housing expenses within the reach of those with modest incomes.
In the US, rent regulation is not very common. In the United States, 182 towns have rent control laws, and all of them are in New York, New Jersey, California, Maryland, or Washington, D.C., according to a 2019 Urban Institute research.
As of February 2022, legislation in 31 states prevent or forbid local governments from establishing rent control measures.
Nevertheless, the problem of rent control has returned in recent years, especially in areas and localities where rising living expenses and stagnating earnings have made homes unaffordable for those with intermediate salaries and the elderly on fixed incomes.
The nation's first statewide rent control law was passed by Oregon. The rule, which went into effect in March 2019, caps yearly rent increases at 7% plus the CPI.
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Businesses earn profits by converting financial, physical, and labor resources into goods and services that satisfy consumer demands. true or false
The answer is false. Options traders can benefit by either buying or writing options. Options offer for possible profit during both tumultuous moments, independent of market direction. Because options can be exchanged in anticipation of market appreciation or depreciation, this is feasible.
There is an options strategy that can profit from price movements in assets such as stocks, currencies, and commodities. Individuals can earn from any market state, from bull to bear to sideways, depending on the options strategy they use. When you buy an option, your upside potential is limitless, and your maximum loss is the cost of the option premium.
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What makes u.s. ports and navigable waterways such important assets? what is considered the most significant threat to the maritime transportation system?
There has been a national interest in reliable maritime transportation ever since the United States was founded.
The national infrastructure that supports domestic and international trade, business, and leisure includes ports and rivers. The federal government has taken on responsibility for the creation, upkeep, and secure operation of shipping channels in recognition of this crucial purpose. Federal interest for environmental protection is relatively recent but no less significant.
There is a national interest in ensuring that all vessels adhere to the minimum international standards for "rules of the road," language, radio frequencies, and other elements of maritime protocol because ports and waterways are also a part of a global transportation system that must accommodate diverse fleets.
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suppose that a society begins at a point inside its production possibilities frontier (ppf) and then ends up at a point on the same ppf. which of the following could have caused such a change? a. the society started out using all its resources, but then allowed some of its resources to become unemployed. b. the society developed an improvement in technology. c. the society had some unemployed resources to begin with, but then started using all its resources. d. the society experienced an increase in the quantity of resources available.
Suppose a society begins at a point inside its PPF and ends up at a point on the same PPF. Such a change would be caused by the society which had some unemployed resources to begin with, but then started using all of its resources.
The Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) tends to show all the different combinations of output of two goods which can be produced while using available and unemployed resources and technology.
Suppose if there is increase in the availability of the resources in the economy then automatically the overall output in the economy will increase which will shift the PPF to the right.
Hence, option C is correct.
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An antitakeover tactic used by a company to give shareholders certain rights in the event of a takeover by another firm is called ______.
An antitakeover tactic used by a company to give shareholders certain rights in the event of a takeover by another firm is called the Poison pill/shareholders' right plan.
What are Poison pills?The board of directors of a firm might adopt a shareholder rights plan, also referred to as a "poison pill," as a form of a defensive strategy to thwart a takeover.
In the area of mergers and acquisitions, shareholder rights plans were created in the early 1980s as a means of preventing takeover bids by eliminating a shareholder's ability to directly bargain the price of the sale of shares.
Usually, if one shareholder purchases a specific proportion or more of the company's shares, a scheme like this allows owners to purchase additional shares at a discount. The plan might be activated, for example, if one shareholder purchases 20% of the company's shares. At that moment, all shareholders (except the shareholder who owns 20%) will be eligible to purchase a fresh issue of shares at a discount. The bidder's stake would be significantly diluted if all other shareholders were able to purchase additional shares at a discount, which would result in a significant increase in the bid's price. Knowing that such a scheme might be implemented, the board would need to be convinced to cancel the plan in order for the bidder to be dissuaded from taking over the company without its consent.
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Registration and licensure are similar in scope except that a registered professional generally has a broader range of professional practice. True or false
Registration and licensure are similar in scope except that a registered professional generally has a broader range of professional practice. False
Definitions and instances of registration
Registration is the act of signing up, or the quantity of people joining up. A commitment to serve as a camp counselor is an illustration of a registration. The number of individuals in a group for whom a restaurant has been asked to make reservations is an example of a registration.
The goal of document registration is to notify all parties that a specific property document has been executed. Another crucial role played by registration offices is record keeping, and for all intents and purposes, these records are permanent.
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Entrepreneurs are investors, but not all investors are entrepreneurs. the distinguishing characteristic is?
whether there is active involvement in the planning, organization, and operation of the business.
What is the difference between Entrepreneurs and investors?1. An investor concentrates on the commercial and financial aspects of the business, whereas an entrepreneur concentrates on the business operation.
2. An investor considers the new business idea proposed by the entrepreneur while the entrepreneur proposes an established business idea.
3. To obtain business finance, an entrepreneur often seeks an investor. He will provide a proposal and a business strategy to the investor to reassure them. An investor will only approach a business owner if they have a promising venture.
4. An entrepreneur is dedicated to his idea and passionate about the business. The majority of them are tenacious and continue to run the firm despite suffering losses. When a corporation loses money, an investor is considerably more pragmatic about the commercial appraisal and may walk away.
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On+december+31,+,+when+the+market+interest+rate+is+%,+issues+of+%,+-year+bonds+payable.+the+bonds+pay+interest+semiannually.+determine+the+present+value+of+the+bonds+at+issuance.
The present value of the bonds at insurance is $505,493.
Simple Interest (S.I.) is the method of calculating the interest amount for a particular principal amount of money at some rate of interest. For example, when a person takes a loan of Rs. 5000, at a rate of 10 p.a. for two years, the person's interest for two years will be S.I. on the borrowed money.
Present value of principal:
Present value = Future value × PV factor for i = 6%,n = 20
Present value = $600,000 × 0.312 = $187,200
Present value of stated interest:
Present value = Amount of each cash flow × Annuity PV factor for i = 6%,n = 20
Present value = ($600,000 × 0.0925 × 6/12) × 11.470 = $318,293
Present value of bonds payable:
Present value = PV of principal + PV of stated interest
= $187,200 + $318,293 = $505,493
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