Mount St. Helens is one of several volcanoes in the Cascades Range that has had multiple eruptions in the past 4,000 years.
The Cascade Range of volcanoes is well-known for its volcanic activity. There are numerous volcanoes in the Cascade Range that have erupted at least six times in the last 4,000 years. Some of these volcanoes include Mount Shasta, Mount Baker, Mount Hood, and Mount Rainier.
Mount Hood: Mount Hood, situated in the Cascades, is a dormant volcano that has erupted several times in the past, with the last one occurring in 1865. The Mount Hood Volcano is known for its periodic eruption, with a recurrence rate of 150-200 years.
Mount Rainier: Mount Rainier is an active volcano located in the Cascades, and it is the highest mountain in Washington State. Mount Rainier has erupted numerous times in the past, and it is still classified as an active volcano today.
Mount Shasta: Mount Shasta, located in California's Cascades, is one of the most active volcanoes in the Cascade Range. Mount Shasta has erupted at least seven times in the last 4,000 years, with its last eruption occurring around 200 years ago.
Mount Baker: Mount Baker is another active volcano in the Cascades, situated in Washington State. Mount Baker has erupted nine times in the last 4,000 years, with its most recent eruption occurring in 1843. There are many other examples of volcanoes in the Cascades that have erupted at least six times in the last 4,000 years.
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which region has the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes? group of answer choices the circum-pacific area the coastal plain of western africa european russia and siberia the area surrounding the red sea
The circum-Pacific area has the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes.
This area, often referred to as the "Ring of Fire," stretches along the Pacific Ocean, including parts of North and South America, Asia, and the islands of the Pacific. The region with the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes is the circum-Pacific area, also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire. This area stretches from the western coast of North andthrough Alaska and Russia, and down to the western and southern coasts of Asia, including Japan, the Philippines, and In South America, donesia. The Pacific Ring of Fire is known for its high level of volcanic and seismic activity, and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes.
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Look at the image below that shows the chances of getting a direct hit by a hurricane during the month of September (usually the busiest month for hurricanes). If you visited Cuba during September, what are your chances of experiencing a direct hit by a hurricane?
(A.) There is an 8 percent chance of a direct hit by a hurricane.
(B.) There is a 2 percent chance of a direct hit by a hurricane.
(C.) There is a 4 percent chance of a direct hit by a hurricane.
(D.) There is no chance of a direct hit by a hurricane.
Answer:
(B.) There is a 2 percent chance of a direct hit by a hurricane
.Explanation:
the red is incorrect
based on the distribution of magnetic anomalies, where is the oldest oceanic crust found? the youngest? what are their ages?
The oldest oceanic crust is found in the central Pacific Ocean and the youngest oceanic crust is found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The oldest oceanic crust is about 180 million years old and the youngest oceanic crust is about 3 million years old.
The distribution of magnetic anomalies helps geologists identify the age of the oceanic crust. Magnetic anomalies are created when new oceanic crust is formed due to volcanic activity and tectonic plate movement. The magnetism of the oceanic crust is usually aligned with the Earth's magnetic field when it is first formed. As the Earth's magnetic field reverses, the magnetism of the oceanic crust is "frozen in time" and helps scientists measure the age of the crust.
The oldest oceanic crust is found in the central Pacific Ocean because it has been around the longest and hasn't moved much due to tectonic plate movement. The youngest oceanic crust is found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge because this is where new oceanic crust is constantly being formed due to tectonic plate movement and volcanic activity.
By studying the distribution of magnetic anomalies, scientists can accurately measure the age of the oceanic crust and identify where the oldest and youngest crust can be found.
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units a through k are sedimentary layers. l and m are intrusive igneous bodies. the surface of erosion below layer h represents a(n) period of time of about 100 years. true false
units a through k are sediment layers. l and m are intrusive igneous bodies. the surface of erosion below layer h represents a(n) period of time of about 100 years. is True
Long-term accumulations of sediment and debris that land on the earth's surface or in bodies of water typically result in the formation of sedimentary strata. Each layer can represent a distinct geological epoch or timeframe, based on the type of rock and the fossils found in it.The amount of time that a layer was exposed to erosion, weathering, or other geological processes is represented by the surface of erosion beneath it. The length of that period, however, will vary depending on a number of variables, including the type of rock, the environment, the area, and the level of erosion.
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Where the water flowing in a stream enters another body of water, it is called the __________ of the river or stream.
Where the water flowing in a stream enters another body of water, it is called the mouth of the river or stream.
What is the Mouth of the river or stream?The mouth of a river or stream is the point where it empties into a bigger waterway, such as an ocean, sea, or lake. Waterways are important because they transport huge quantities of water and minerals from one location to another, as well as offer a habitat for a diverse range of plants and animals. In addition, bodies of water are significant as they provide essential resources for people, such as freshwater for drinking, fishing, and recreational activities. They may also be utilized as transportation corridors for goods and individuals.
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how do metamorphic changes that take place due to recrystallization differ from those that happen due to pressure solution? match the changes to their correct process.
Answer: The metamorphic changes that take place due to recrystallization differ from those that happen due to pressure solution.
Explanation:
Some of the differences between the two processes of metamorphism are explained below:
Recrystallization: The process of changing the mineral structure and texture of a rock is known as recrystallization. Recrystallization is a process that occurs at high temperatures and pressures. The minerals in a rock can become unstable under these conditions and rearrange themselves to form new minerals with larger crystals. This leads to the formation of a new rock with a new structure and texture.Pressure solution: This is a process of metamorphism that occurs when rocks are subjected to pressure. When rocks are subjected to pressure, the mineral grains in them dissolve into each other. This process is called pressure solution. It is a process of metamorphism in which the minerals in a rock dissolve into each other as a result of the pressure that is being applied to the rock. This leads to the formation of a new rock with a new structure and texture.The metamorphic changes that take place due to recrystallization and pressure solution:
Recrystallization refers to alterations in the size, shape, and orientation of minerals within a rock, as well as the creation or modification of minerals.
Pressure solution leads to modifications in the shape and orientation of minerals in the rock, the establishment of a foliation or cleavage, and the arrangement of minerals along a particular plane or direction.
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magma with an initially mafic composition is believed to be generated at most convergent boundaries because of:
Magma with an initially mafic composition is believed to be generated at most convergent boundaries because of the melting of subducted lithosphere.
What is magma?
Magma is the molten rock beneath the earth's surface. Magma, a molten mixture of rock, is heated to temperatures ranging from 700 to 1300 degrees Celsius. It is a fluid mix of minerals, lava, and volcanic ash, among other things. It's difficult to distinguish between lava and magma in terms of their composition, but they're not the same thing.
Lava refers to molten rock that has been released from the earth's surface in a volcanic eruption. In contrast, magma remains beneath the surface, continuously mixing and changing composition.
The kind of magma that is generated at convergent boundaries is dependent on a number of factors, including temperature, pressure, and composition.
The following are the three types of magma: Felsic magma, intermediate magma, and mafic magma.
Mafic magma is high in iron, magnesium, and calcium but low in silica. It's usually a dark color, such as black or dark brown.
The melting of subducted lithosphere is the reason for the development of magma with an initially mafic composition at most convergent boundaries.
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what is meant by the term metamorphic grade? choose one: a. the resistance of a rock to metamorphic processes b. the length of time it takes for a rock to metamorphose c. the clarity of mineral grains in metamorphic rocks d. the intensity of metamorphism
The term "metamorphic grade" refers to the intensity of metamorphism.
The relative temperature and pressure conditions under which metamorphic rocks occur are referred to as the "metamorphic grade" in general. It is referred to as prograde metamorphism or as the grade of metamorphism increasing as temperature and/or pressure are increased on a body of rock. Low pressure and temperatures, ranging from 200 to 320°C, are ideal for low-grade metamorphism. An abundance of hydrous minerals is a characteristic of low grade metamorphic rocks.
When the temperature exceeds 320°C and the pressure is high, high-grade metamorphism occurs. Hydrous minerals lose water during metamorphism, becoming less hydrous, while non-hydrous minerals are increasingly prevalent.
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explain the links between the tohoku earthquake and other natural hazards. how do the effects of the earthquake and linked natural hazards compare?'
The Tohoku earthquake and other natural hazards are interlinked. The links between the Tohoku earthquake and other natural hazards are mentioned below:
Tsunami: Tsunamis are a type of natural disaster that can be triggered by an earthquake. As a result, the earthquake off the coast of Tohoku caused a tsunami that devastated many coastal areas.Landslides: Earthquakes may cause landslides in certain areas.Fires: Earthquakes may cause fires as a result of gas lines breaking and electrical systems becoming damaged. This is also true in the case of the Tohoku earthquake.Volcanoes: Earthquakes may cause volcanoes to erupt, which can exacerbate the effects of an earthquake in nearby regions.In terms of their effects, the Tohoku earthquake and other natural hazards are linked in that they can all cause significant damage to infrastructure and people.
The damage caused by an earthquake, however, may be more severe and long-lasting than that caused by other natural disasters, especially if it is followed by aftershocks.
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during the overnight hours on a mountainside, when temperatures are dropping, how does the wind usually respond?
During the overnight hours on a mountainside, when temperatures are dropping, the wind usually responds by blowing downslope.
An inversion is formed during the night when temperatures drop, causing the cold air to flow down the mountain. This is known as a katabatic wind.
The wind usually responds by blowing downslope, which is referred to as the katabatic wind. The mountain valley can get very cold during these windy nights, which is why katabatic winds are common in mountainous regions.
Mountainous areas experience katabatic winds, which are downslope winds caused by the cooling of a mass of air on high terrain. Katabatic winds occur when dense, cold air flows downhill because it is denser than the surrounding warmer air.
The phenomenon can last for a few minutes or a few hours, depending on how long the cold air takes to warm up.
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describe the two types of volcanic outcrops discussed in the video by sorting their characteristics.
Volcanic outcrops are classified into two types: intrusive and extrusive. Intrusive outcrops form when molten magma cools slowly beneath the surface of the earth, forming large, distinct crystals. Extrusive outcrops form when molten magma quickly cools upon the earth
Intrusive outcrops are typically made up of igneous rocks such as granite, gabbro, or diorite, and the cooling process allows for the formation of larger crystals.
These larger crystals allow for more intricate and interesting rock formations, and the larger size of the crystals makes them easily visible to the human eye. Extrusive outcrops are typically made up of igneous rocks such as basalt or andesite, and the quick cooling process results in smaller crystals.
Intrusive and extrusive outcrops differ in the way they form and the size of the crystals that make up the rocks. Intrusive outcrops form slowly, creating large, visible crystals, while extrusive outcrops form quickly, creating small, invisible crystals.
Both types of outcrops can be found in many geological settings, and each type has its own unique features that can be explored and studied.
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When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the __________ edge, picking up sediments.
Answer:
When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outer edge, picking up sediments.
When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outside edge, picking up sediments.
A meander bend, also known as a horse-bends, is a large bend in a river. Meandering rivers are divided into two categories: constant and sinuous. Meanders in constant meandering rivers are tighter and smoother than those in sinuous meandering rivers.
When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outer edge, picking up sediments. The river's sediment transport is a crucial aspect of river dynamics. The amount of sediment transported by rivers is influenced by a variety of factors. The energy and speed of the water is the most essential aspect. The amount of sediment the water is carrying is also important. Suspended sediment is frequently transported in the river flow. Sediment is swept downstream and can accumulate where the water slows down or is obstructed in areas where the flow is disrupted. Such regions are often good areas for deposition.
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which factor has a definite pattern of variation with respect to latitude? responses density density ph ph temperature temperature salinity
The factor that has a definite pattern of variation with respect to latitude is Temperature
Latitude is the distance of a location on the earth's surface from the equator. The geographic coordinate that determines the distance between the Earth's center and a point on its surface is known as latitude. The equator is the earth's equator. The distance of a location from the equator is measured in degrees of latitude. This the Temperature's variation with respect to latitude.
Latitudinal variation in temperature is due to the way sunlight is absorbed and distributed across the earth's surface. The higher latitudes receive less energy from the sun than the lower latitudes, which receive more energy per unit area due to the angle of the sun's rays. However, the amount of energy received by a specific region is affected by other variables, including the time of day, the season, and the presence or absence of cloud cover or water.
As a result, latitudinal temperature variations are complicated and can be affected by a variety of variables.
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when a cold cp air mass passes over the warmer great lakes, it absorbs heat energy and moisture and becomes humidified. this is known as the question 24 options: humidity effect. continental effect. maritime effect. lake effect.
When a cold cp air mass passes over the warmer Great Lakes, it absorbs heat energy and moisture and becomes humidified. This is known as the lake effect. Therefore the correct option is option D.
The lake effect refers to the weather phenomenon that occurs when cold, dry air passes over a relatively warm body of water, such as a lake or sea.
The air absorbs moisture and heat energy from the water and becomes more humid, warmer, and less dense as a result.
The moist, warm air rises above the surface of the lake, forming clouds and eventually precipitation. This process results in heavy snowfalls, blizzards, and lake-effect rain in the winter and fall months. Hence, the correct option is D, "lake effect." Therefore the correct option is option D.
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ANSWER ASAP!!!!!
Which of the following East Asian nations lack major deposits of oil or coal? (choose all that apply)
- Japan
- China
- North Korea
- Taiwan
Answer:
Taiwan
Explanation:
All of the others have money and resources!
Hope this helps!
It lacks resources Taiwan!
2. given a mean earth radius of 20,906,000 ft, and an observation latitude of n 47 degrees, what is the arc distance of one second of longitude and one second of latitude?
At 47 degrees latitude, one second of longitude is equivalent to about 49.03 feet of arc distance, whereas one second of latitude is equivalent to about 100.76 feet of arc distance.
The following formula can be used to determine the arc distance of one second of longitude at a specific latitude:
Mean Earth Radius x Cosine of Latitude x Arc Distance (angular distance)
where 1/3600 degrees is the angular distance (since there are 3600 seconds in one degree). When we enter the values from the issue, we obtain:
One second's worth of longitude is represented by the formula (20,906,000 ft) x (cosine 47) x (1/3600) = 49.03 ft.
Similarly, the formula: can be used to get the arc distance of one second of latitude.
(Mean Earth Radius) x = arc distance (angular distance)
When we enter the values from the issue, we obtain:
One second of latitude is equal to 20 906,000 feet multiplied by 1/36 equals 100.76 feet.
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explain how gravity affects the movement of plates with two types of crust when the plates collide and how density relates to this effect.
Gravity pulls the denser plate beneath the less dense one when two plates collide. The greater the density of a plate, the more likely it is to be pulled below the other plate by gravity.
Gravity affects the movement of plates when two plates with different types of crust collide. When two plates of different densities meet, the denser plate is pushed beneath the less dense plate. This process is known as subduction and it creates mountains, volcanoes and trenches on the Earth's surface.
The density of a plate affects how it is deformed when it collides with another plate. For example, a denser plate will resist being pushed underneath the other plate and can instead cause the other plate to buckle. This buckling can create mountains or earthquakes. On the other hand, a less dense plate can be easily subducted, resulting in the formation of a trench.
When two plates with the same density collide, the plates slide horizontally past each other, forming faults. This can also cause earthquakes when the two plates become locked and built up stress is released.
Overall, gravity affects the movement of plates when they collide and the density of the plates plays a major role in the deformation that occurs. Oceanic and continental plates frequently collide, with the denser oceanic plate being pushed beneath the less dense continental plate. This causes deep-sea trenches to form on the oceanic plate's surface. The greater the density of a plate, the more likely it is to be pulled below the other plate by gravity. Because oceanic plates are denser than continental plates, they are frequently pushed beneath them.
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At what time of day is a shadow the shortest?
During solar noon, when the sun is at its highest position in the sky, the shadow is at its shortest.
This occurs usually about noon, however, it may differ somewhat depending on where you are and the season. The sun's rays are entering the scene at a more direct angle, which shortens the shadow's length.
Longer shadows are produced by variations in the sun's beams' angle when the sun rises or sets. The height of the object will also affect how long the shadow is, with taller objects casting longer shadows than shorter ones. The length of the shadow is the smallest overall when the sun is directly overhead.
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contact metamorphic rocks form halos surrounding hot intrusive igneous rocks. group of answer choices true false
Contact metamorphic rocks form halos surrounding hot intrusive igneous rocks. The statement is True.
What are contact metamorphic rocks?
Metamorphic rocks are the result of the transformation of pre-existing rocks caused by heat, pressure, or a mixture of the two. The metamorphism of rocks caused by contact with an igneous intrusion is referred to as contact metamorphism, and the rocks created as a result of this process are known as contact metamorphic rocks.
What are igneous rocks?
Igneous rocks are rocks that are formed from molten magma. When this molten magma cools and solidifies, it becomes an igneous rock.
Basalt, granite, and pumice are three common types of igneous rocks. Igneous rocks may also form in areas where volcanic activity is present, such as around a volcano.Where do contact metamorphic rocks form?
Contact metamorphic rocks are formed in areas where magma comes into contact with existing rock formations, such as the heat from a volcanic eruption.
As a result of the contact between the hot magma and the surrounding rock, metamorphism occurs in the affected area. The metamorphic changes that occur in these regions are primarily caused by the heat that is generated by the magma intrusion. These changes result in the formation of contact metamorphic rocks that surround the intrusive rock.
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zoologists from peru and chile have been examining climate records from the coastal deserts of their countries. these deserts are the driest on earth, yet they lie within the southward reach of the intertropical convergence during the southern hemisphere summer. explain this curious phenomenon.
The coastal deserts of Peru and Chile are some of the driest on earth, yet they fall within the reach of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the Southern Hemisphere summer. This curious phenomenon can be explained by the interaction between the equatorial Pacific trade winds and the Andes Mountains.
The prevailing trade winds push the ITCZ, a band of thunderstorms, southward and as it moves, it brings moisture to the coastal deserts. The mountains, however, cause an interruption in the airflow, leading to the convergence of these trade winds and the creation of more powerful upslope winds which increase the rainfall in these desert regions.
The ITCZ’s reach is not unlimited, however, and as it passes over the Andes it loses much of its moisture. Additionally, the Atacama Desert, located just south of the ITCZ, is highly influenced by the cold Peru Current and is blocked from receiving moisture from the Pacific. These factors all contribute to the extraordinary aridity of the coastal deserts, despite their close proximity to the ITCZ.
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what platy, parallel, mineral grains are the most visual aspect of foliated metamorphic rocks? calcite micas feldspars quartz
The most visible platy, parallel, mineral grains in foliated metamorphic rocks are usually micas, followed by calcite, feldspars, and quartz. Micas have a distinct platy structure, making them easily visible. Calcite, feldspars, and quartz are also common, although not as distinct in appearance.
The platy, parallel, mineral grains that are the most visual aspect of foliated metamorphic rocks are micas. Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have undergone a metamorphic process. Heat, pressure, and chemical alteration are all examples of such alterations.
These changes are influenced by geological forces such as plate tectonics, magma intrusion, or mountain-building (orogeny) pressures. They are classified as metamorphic rocks if they exhibit substantial structural or mineralogical adjustments relative to their original state.
Some of the common metamorphic rocks are marble, slate, gneiss, schist, etc. Foliated metamorphic rocks, such as schist and gneiss, have a texture that results from the alignment of mineral grains due to extreme pressure and temperature.
Foliated metamorphic rocks have a parallel arrangement of minerals that gives them a platy or layered appearance. They can be distinguished from unfoliated rocks like quartzite and marble, which lack the layered structure seen in foliated metamorphic rocks. Micas are the most visible aspect of foliated metamorphic rocks.
The minerals in foliated metamorphic rocks tend to be flattened, and they appear as elongated flakes or scales. Micas are the most frequent minerals in foliated metamorphic rocks. They have a tendency to separate into thin, flexible sheets, resulting in a distinctively flaky appearance that is particularly prominent in schist.
Therefore, the platy, parallel, mineral grains that are the most visual aspect of foliated metamorphic rocks are micas.
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If you sample the water and it has a salinity of 35 ppt where would you be?
If you sample the water and it has a salinity of 35 ppt, you would be in the ocean (or at least somewhere with seawater).
Salinity refers to the amount of salt dissolved in seawater, measured in parts per thousand (ppt). Salinity levels in the ocean can vary depending on the location, season, and other factors. Generally, the ocean has an average salinity of 35 ppt, although this can vary between 30 to 40 ppt in different regions. Therefore, if you sample water with a salinity of 35 ppt, it means that you are most likely in the ocean or a saltwater body with similar salinity levels.
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further west from this deep u.s. trough, eastern alaska, as well as yukon and british columbia, canada, were being impacted by a . a. ridge b. trough g
Further west from the deep U.S. trough, Eastern Alaska, as well as Yukon and British Columbia, Canada, were being impacted by a ridge.
A ridge of high pressure is impacting Eastern Alaska, Yukon and British Columbia in Canada, further west from the deep U.S. trough. A ridge of high pressure is an area of high atmospheric pressure, which is associated with fair weather, light winds and generally pleasant conditions. This ridge is formed when two air masses move away from each other, causing the air pressure in the area to increase. A ridge is typically indicated on a weather map by a line of red L's. The L's are placed on the map in the direction of the wind flow around the ridge, with the point of the L representing the area of highest atmospheric pressure.
The increased atmospheric pressure caused by the ridge produces lighter winds and warmer temperatures. The warmer temperatures and decreased wind speeds generally lead to more stable weather conditions and less precipitation. The ridge can also bring dry and sunny conditions, as well as a decrease in storm activity. These effects can be felt further downwind of the ridge, making it a welcomed feature in many areas.
In contrast, a trough is typically associated with low-pressure areas that produce wet, stormy weather conditions, as well as cool temperatures. This is because the low-pressure system promotes the formation of clouds and precipitation, which can reduce the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface.
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which of the following does not exert a major infuence on low -latitude climates? trade winds ictz thermal low pressure system subtropical high pressure cells westerlies
Answer: The correct option is WESTERLIES.
in nasa's a short tour of the cryosphere, why is the snow of the rockies important to the midwest united states? group of answer choices
The snowpack of the Rocky Mountains is important to the Midwest United States because it is a major source of freshwater for the region. The snowpack gradually melts in the spring and summer, releasing water into the rivers that supply the Midwest.
The water from the Rockies helps irrigate and supply drinking water to parts of the Midwest. Without this important source of freshwater, much of the Midwest could be in danger of drought or water shortages.
Overall, the snowpack of the Rocky Mountains is a critical part of the Midwest's water cycle and helps ensure that the region is adequately supplied with the necessary water resources.
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how does the depression form during a caldera eruption? select one: a. the chamber roof collapses as the magma cools and contracts b. the chamber roof collapses after magma is erupted
During a caldera eruption, the depression forms when the chamber roof collapses as the magma cools and contracts. Option (A) is correct answer.
Caldera eruptions are large volcanic explosions that cause an eruption of volcanic ash and gas. It results from the collapse of a volcanic structure, a volcano or a caldera, often caused by the evacuation of a magma chamber underneath it. Calderas are formed when magma is emptied from the volcano, causing the roof of the chamber to collapse and create a depression.
According to the given options, the depression forms when the chamber roof collapses as the magma cools and contracts. The roof of the magma chamber often cools and contracts after the eruption is over, making it unstable and prone to collapse. As a result, the volcanic structure's roof collapses and forms a depression. Hence, the correct answer is option A.
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an area that drains to a common waterway is called: a. urban runoff b. deforestation c. watershed d. ozone
An area that drains to a common waterway is called a watershed. The correct option is option C.
What is a watershed?A watershed is a location in which rain, snow, and other precipitation fall and drain into a common waterway, such as a river, lake, or ocean. The waterway, which transports water to the location, is the end of the watershed. A watershed, also known as a drainage basin, refers to the area of land that drains into a particular river system or other waterbody.
It may be a small, concentrated drainage basin, such as a small lake or wetland, or a large region with many rivers and tributaries. All water that falls inside the watershed's boundaries eventually makes its way to the river or other body of water.
What is Urban Runoff?Urban runoff is the discharge of precipitation and other pollutants from developed regions such as towns and cities. Urban runoff carries contaminants from roads, buildings, and other impervious surfaces, resulting in higher levels of pollution in the water.
As a result, it has the potential to cause significant ecological damage and has been linked to a variety of public health concerns.
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a flood in an unmodified stream will deposit sediment outside the normal stream banks on the floodplain. when levees are constructed to confine floods, the sediment is deposited in the stream channel, which means that
When levees are constructed to confine floods, sediment is no longer deposited outside the normal stream banks on the floodplain, but is instead deposited in the stream channel. This is because the levees prevent flooding, and therefore the sediment is deposited within the stream channel instead.
When the stream channel is confined by levees, the natural flow of water is disrupted, and the sediment that would typically be deposited on the floodplain is instead forced to settle in the stream channel.
Over time, this can cause the stream channel to become shallower, narrower, and more susceptible to flooding due to a reduced capacity to hold water. This can also lead to the formation of sandbars and other sediment deposits in the channel.
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he area behind an island arc that develops a spreading center and submarine canyons transport sediment from the continental shelf to the continental is a(n)
The area behind an island arc that develops a spreading center and submarine canyons transport sediment from the continental shelf to the continental is a Back-arc basin.
A back-arc basin is a portion of the seafloor that is located behind an island arc. It develops as the result of the extensional tectonic forces that are produced by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the overriding continental crust. As the oceanic crust is pulled downward, the mantle beneath it partially melts and forms magma.
This magma rises to the surface and is erupted as lava, which cools and solidifies to form new seafloor.
The magma generated beneath the island arc is often rich in water and other volatiles, which can help to weaken the overlying crust and allow it to extend.
As the crust extends, it thins and eventually breaks apart, creating a new spreading center. This spreading center is typically characterized by a series of parallel ridges that run perpendicular to the island arc. As the seafloor spreads, it creates new crust and widens the back-arc basin.Submarine canyons are formed by the erosive action of sediment-laden currents that flow downslope from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain.
These currents are generated by a variety of processes, including tidal action, storms, and density-driven currents. As the currents flow downslope, they carve deep channels into the seafloor, which are eventually filled with sediment transported from the continental shelf.
The canyons can extend for hundreds of kilometers and are important conduits for sediment transport from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain.
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does the southern hemisphere experience hotter summers and colder winters? i ask this because the earth's perihelion is in winter for the northern hemisphere (around january 3rd)
Yes, the Southern Hemisphere does experience hotter summers and colder winters. This is because of the way the Earth's orbit around the Sun is tilted relative to its axis of rotation. The Earth's perihelion, or point of closest approach to the Sun, is in January for the Northern Hemisphere, while it is in July for the Southern Hemisphere.
This means that the Northern Hemisphere gets less direct sunlight during winter, causing colder temperatures, while the Southern Hemisphere gets more direct sunlight during summer, leading to hotter temperatures.
The Earth's axial tilt, or obliquity, is responsible for the Earth's seasons. During winter, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, and during summer it is tilted towards the Sun. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun during summer, and towards the Sun during winter. This difference in angle of sunlight causes the Northern Hemisphere to experience colder winters and hotter summers, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences hotter summers and colder winters.
Additionally, the Southern Hemisphere is more exposed to the ozone layer, which absorbs some of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, leading to slightly higher temperatures. This explains why the temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere are higher than the Northern Hemisphere during the same season.
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