Answer:
The goal of evolutionary classification is to group species into larger categories that reflect lines of evolutionary descent, rather than overall similarities. The goal of linnaean classification is to group species into larger categories based on physical characteristics.
Recall in class the example of incorporating heavy or light nitrogen labels into DNA to investigate how DNA is replicated. Imagine if, instead of labeling DNA, the experiment used heavy labeled RNA bases. What would be the outcome if you examined the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases?
Answer: You would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.
Explanation:
DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. The molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure where the strands are joined by hydrogen bonds. It is a nucleotide polymer where each nucleotide consists of a sugar called deoxyribose, a nitrogenous base (which can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine) and a phosphate group (derived from phosphoric acid). What distinguishes one polynucleotide from another, is the nitrogenous base and thus the sequence of DNA is specified by naming only the sequence of its bases. The sequential arrangement of these four bases along the chain is what encodes the genetic information.
Consider that DNA replication is semi-conservative, which means that each strand of the DNA double helix functions as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This process leads from one starting molecule to two "daughter" molecules, in which each new double helix contains one new and one old strand. Then, if nitrogen tags are incorporated into the DNA, they will register on the old strand of the new DNA molecule.
On the other hand, RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a molecule similar to DNA but has only one strand and consists of a sugar (ribose) and alternating phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of the four bases adenine, uracil, cytosine or guanine. The process of RNA synthesis, called transcription, consists of making a complementary copy of a piece of DNA. During this process, an enzyme called ARN polymerase, adds nucleotides that are complementary to the DNA strand. Then, this new RNA strand has new nucleotides. Thereby, if you examine the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases, you would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.
where do trees get nutrients to grow
Answer:
Photosynthesis a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's metabolic activities
they need sun water and CO2
Explanation:
what is ovary in plants?
Explanation:
Ovary, in botany, enlarged basal portion of the pistil, the female organ of a flower.
The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds upon fertilization.
The ovary itself will mature into a fruit, either dry or fleshy, enclosing the seeds.
Answer:
The ovary is the enlarged basal portion of the pistil, the female organ of a flower.
The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds upon fertilization. The ovary itself will mature into a fruit, either dry or fleshy, enclosing the seeds.
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
In what order do species appear during primary and
secondary succession?
Answer:
here you go :)Explanation:
Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment in which new substrate devoid of vegetation and other organisms usually lacking soil, such as a lava flow or area left from retreated glacier, is deposited. In other words, it is the gradual growth of an ecosystem over a longer period of time.
In the primary succession, species like algae, fungi, and lichens are preset. In the secondary succession, the pioneer species present, that already existed in the environment.
What are primary and secondary succession?One of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life. They are primary succession that takes place in environments where fresh substrate is deposited that is devoid of plants and other species that typically lack soil, such as lava flows or areas left behind from glaciers that have receded.
In other words, it is the steady development of an ecosystem through time.
Thus, Algae, fungus, and lichen species are established during the primary succession. The pioneer species that were previously existing in the habitat are found in the secondary succession.
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The Offspring produced by a cross between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes denoted by A, B, and C. A theoretical model of any of the three genotypes denoted by A, B, and C should be in the ratio 1:2:1. For experimental verification, 100 plants are bred by crossing the two given types. Their genetic classifications are recorded. Do these data contradict the genetic model
Complete question:
The offspring produced between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes, denoted by A, B and C. A theoretical model of gene inheritance suggests that the offspring of types A, B and C should be in a 1:2:1 ratio (meaning 25% A, 50% B, and 25% C). For experimental verification, 100 plants are bred by crossing the two given types. Their genetic classifications are recorded in the table below.
Genotype Observed frequency
A → 18 individuals
B → 55 individuals
C → 27 individuals
Do these contradict the genetic model?
Use a 0.05 level of significance.
Determine the chi-square test statistic.
Answer:
Do these contradict the genetic model? No, according to the chi-square test, there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis of the population being in equilibrium.
Explanation:
Available data:
Crossed genotypes: twoGenotypes among the offspring; Three → A, B, and CExpected phenotypic ratio → 1:2:1Total number of individuals, N = 100A = 18 individualsB = 55 individualsC = 27 individualsSo, let us first state the hypothesis:
H₀= the population is equilibrium for this locus → F(A) = 25%, F(B) = 50%, F(C) = 25% H₁ = the population is not in equilibriumNow, let us calculate the number of expected individuals, according to their expected ratio.
4 -------------- 100% -------------100 individuals
1 --------------- 25% -------------X = 25 individuals A
2 -------------- 50% -------------X = 50 individuals B
1----------------- 25%--------------X = 25 individuals C
A B C
Observed 18 55 27 Expected 25 50 25 (Obs-Exp)²/Exp 1.96 0.5 0.16(Obs-Exp)²/Exp
A) (18 - 25)²/25 = 49/25 = 1.96
B) (55 - 50)² / 50 = 25/50 = 0.5
C) (27 - 25)²/25 = 4/25 = 0.16
Chi square = X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp
∑ is the sum of the terms O are the Observed individuals: 2 in chamber B, and 18 in chamber A. E are the Expected individuals: 10 in each chamberX² = ∑ ((O-E)²/E) = 1.96 + 0.5 + 0.16 = 2.62
Freedom degrees = 2
Significance level, 5% = 0.05
Table value/Critical value = 5.99
X² < Critical value
2.62 < 5.99
These results suggest that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. We can assume that the locus under study in this population is in equilibrium H-W.
Leigh's disease is a mitochondrially inherited disease with symptoms that include seizures, fatigue, impaired reflexes, breathing problems, and ataxia. The pedigree shows the presence of Leigh's disease in three generations. Individual 4 had two daughters and one son, and individual 6 had one daughter and two sons. Which of the individuals indicated are affected by Leigh's disease
About the question:
You will find the pedigree in the attached files
Answer:
individual 4 → Affected woman → Black circleindividual 5 → Affected woman or man → Black circle or squareindividual 7 → Healthy woman → Empty circleindividual 10 → Affected boy → Black SquareExplanation:
Mitochondrial inheritance is the transmission of a disease or a trait from the maternal line.
Most of the DNI is in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly transfer mitochondrial genes to the progeny, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this mitochondrial DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother genotype carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if an affected man is carrying a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.
Before answering the question, let us remember the pedigree symbols.
Squares represent Males/Men Circles represent Females/WomenEmpty symbols represent healthy/non-affected individualsSolid black symbols represent sick/affected individualsIn the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease (individual number 2), so all her children are also affected (individuals 4, 5, and 6) because the disease is mitochondrially inherited.
Individual 3 is a healthy man, so individual 4 must be an affected woman (Black circle). As she is the one affected, then all her children will also be affected. This couple had one boy and two girls. Individuals 8 and 9 are girls (circle), so individual 10 must be the affected boy (black square).
On the other hand, individual 6 is an affected man (black square), son of individuals 1 and 2. This man couples with a woman, and they have all healthy children. So this woman (individual 7) must be healthy. Even though the man is affected, all their children are not because their mother (7) is not. Remember that sperm cells do not transmit the mitochondrial genes to the progeny.
And finally, individual number 5 might be either a man or a woman. In any case, this person is also affected by Leigh's disease.
list the excretory organs of the human body and state the substance they excrete
Which sections are part of a career plan? Select all that apply.
career definition
career requirements
current status
short-term goals
intermediate goals
economic obstacle
Answer:
career definition
career requirements
current status
short-term goals
intermediate goals
economic obstacle
Explanation:
Answer:
career definition
career requirements
current status
short-term goals
intermediate goals
economic obstacle
Explanation:
Sleet forms directly from which type of precipitation?
A. Snowflakes
B. Hail
C. Rain drops.
D. Dust
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Sleet is pellets of ice that form when snow falls into a warm layer and melts into rain. The rain then falls into a freezing layer of air that is deep enough to refreeze the raindrops into pellets
Plz help me well mark brainliest if you are correct!
Answer:
Explanation:
Uh this is gonna be kinda hard cause they are all examples of renewable resources. . .
but I would just say go with what the other pearson said :D
Plants have many characteristics. What is responsible for these characteristics? Select all that apply. inherited from parents inherited by sibling plants affected by the environment affected by soil position
Answer: Select A,B,D that’s the answer
Explanation: thank me! Your welcome!
Hurry!!! Timed!! Do NOT answer with a link!!!
Which statements describe gene therapy? Check all that apply.
A. It cures all cases of cystic fibrosis.
B. It involves the modification of DNA. C. It is easy to apply to all cells affected by the disorder.
D. It attempts to replace a mutated gene with normal DNA. It does not always cure patients who use it.
Answer: B, D
Explanation:) edge 2022
the process by which the characteristics of a species change over many generations in response to the environment
variation
variation
adaptation
adaptation
natural selection
natural selection
Evolution
check this for me pls
Answer:
it's both A and B for your answer
Explanation:
both genders can get this disease since it's being past down to their children or offspring, some may get that gene and some might not.
Submit your summary about a federal law and a summary about a state law. Remember to proofread your work before submitting.
the starting cell must duplicate its chromosomes in interphase before mitosis or meiosis can begin. does this change the number of chromosomes? chromatoids? both? how many of each would you expect in a human cell after interphase? (i need the second question answered plz)
. The average adult (like Hank) is _________% water, ________% protein, _______% fat, _______% minerals, and _______% carbohydrates. 2. All the macromolecules that make you up come from ______________________________. 3. __________________________ reactions destroy the reactants that you give them, making big, complex substances smaller and __________________________ reactions reassemble the smaller products into new, bigger products. The processes behind these two sets of reactions make up your
Answer:
1. 62 percent water, 16 percent fat, 16 percent protein, 6 percent minerals, and less than 1 percent carbohydrate, along with very small amounts of vitamins and other miscellaneous substances.
2. Food.
3. Catabolic, Anabolic, Metabolism
Plz help me well mark brainliest if you are correct!
Answer:
A(i think)
Explanation:
Earth is a satellite because it moves around the sun. The moon is a satellite because it moves around Earth. Earth and the moon are called "natural" satellites. ... These machines are launched into space and orbit Earth or another body in space.
What do all animals, including vertebrates and invertebrates, have in common?
Question 1 options:
They have backbones, internal skeletons, and muscles.
They are heterotrophs that must get their food from plants or other animals.
They have lungs or gills for breathing.
They are endothermic (warm-blooded).
Question 2 (1 point)
Saved
All animals share several common characteristics. Which is a characteristic shared by all animals?
Question 2 options:
endoskeletons and muscles
sensory organs and backbones
multi-cellular bodies
exothermic blood systems
Question 3 (1 point)
Sam’s teacher asked him to make observations about animals at the zoo. Sam went to the zoo and filled in these two charts that the teacher gave him.
What is the main difference between the species in Group 1 and Group 2?
Question 3 options:
Group 1 has small organisms, Group 2 has large organisms.
Group 1 are endothermic, Group 2 are exothermic.
Group 1 are vertebrates, Group 2 are invertebrates.
Group 1 has exoskeletons, Group 2 has soft bodies.
Question 4 (1 point)
Which of the following is a characteristic of all mammals?
Question 4 options:
lungs
hair
tail
both 1 and 2
Question 5 (1 point)
What is the benefit of an arthropod’s exoskeleton.
Question 5 options:
It allows arthropods to breathe.
It protects and supports the arthropod’s body.
It allows the arthropod to get food.
It allows the arthropod to see far distances.
Question 6 (1 point)
What do arthropods and segmented worms have in common?
Question 6 options:
They both have segmented bodies during some stage of their life.
They both have hard outer shells that are unmovable.
They both have bones and vertebrae.
They both lack any sense organs.
Question 7 (1 point)
To which group of invertebrates do cephalopods, such as squids, belong?
Question 7 options:
Arthropods
Echinoderms
Cnidarians
Mollusks
Question 8 (1 point)
Sweat glands, fur, and feathers are found on an endotherm.
Question 8 options:
True
False
Question 9 (1 point)
Vertebrates and invertebrates differ in the presence of a backbone. Another characteristic that distinguishes most vertebrates from many invertebrates, is that vertebrates —
Question 9 options:
have a relatively well-developed brain and circulatory system.
have long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments.
take in oxygen from their skins rather than from an inside organ.
have hard outer covering called exoskeletons.
Question 10 (1 point)
During chilly days, you might notice lizards lying (“basking”) in sunny areas. Why do lizards bask in the sun?
Question 10 options:
Ectothemic animals are lazy and the sun puts them to sleep.
Ectothermic animals need to get tanned by the sun's rays for camouflage.
Ectothermic animals use the suns rays to help them hide from enemies.
Ectothermic animals need the warmth from the sun to allow them to move around and hunt for food.
Question 11 (1 point)
Which group of animals could be correctly classified as endothermic?
Question 11 options:
robin, squirrels, mice
bears, snakes, wolves
frogs, lizards, snakes
groundhogs, hawks, crab
Question 12 (1 point)
Using the table, which statement is true?
Question 12 options:
Organisms in both Groups A and B have similar mechanisms for controlling their internal temperatures.
Organisms in Group A have fewer mechanisms for controlling their internal temperatures than those in Group B.
Organisms in both Group A and B usually coexist peacefully.
Organisms in both Group A and B are extinct species.
Question 13 (1 point)
How do “warm-blooded” animals cool off?
Question 13 options:
They convert the food they eat into cool energy.
They sweat or pant to lose heat by water evaporation.
They move to colder climates.
They move around a lot to stimulate their circulation.
Question 14 (1 point)
An animal takes on the temperature of their surroundings so they don't have to use food energy to keep warm. This means they don’t have to eat as often. They are considered an __?
Question 14 options:
Endotherm
Ectotherm
Question 15 (1 point)
Which of these factors is used to classify the different organisms on Earth into Kingdoms (such as protists, fungi, plant, animals, and bacteria) ?
I Number of cells in the organism
II How the organism obtains energy
Question 15 options:
I only
II only
I and II
Question 16 (1 point)
It's sunny in New York, but it is cool. Where would you expect to find this lizard during the day?
Question 16 options:
Under a rock
In a damp stream bed
Basking in a sunny spot
In a hole in the ground
Answer:
the first one is correct
Explanation:
all a
1. What do all animals, including vertebrates and invertebrates, have in common?
They have backbones, internal skeletons, and muscles.
2. All animals share several common characteristics. Which is a characteristic shared by all animals?
Endoskeletons and muscles.
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of all mammals?
both 1 and 2.
4. What is the benefit of an arthropod’s exoskeleton.
It protects and supports the arthropod’s body.
5. What do arthropods and segmented worms have in common?
They both have segmented bodies during some stage of their life.
6. Sweat glands, fur, and feathers are found on an endotherm?
True.
7. Vertebrates and invertebrates differ in the presence of a backbone. Another characteristic that distinguishes most vertebrates from many invertebrates, is that vertebrates?
Take in oxygen from their skins rather than from an inside organ.
8. During chilly days, you might notice lizards lying (“basking”) in sunny areas. Why do lizards bask in the sun?
Ectothermic animals need the warmth from the sun to allow them to move around and hunt for food.
9. Which group of animals could be correctly classified as endothermic?
Robin, squirrels, mice.
10. How do “warm-blooded” animals cool off?
They sweat or pant to lose heat by water evaporation.
11. An animal takes on the temperature of their surroundings so they don't have to use food energy to keep warm. This means they don’t have to eat as often. They are considered an __?
Ectotherm.
Thus, these are the answer to the following questions.
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Help pleasee | A damselfly nymph sheds its skin several times, as it grows into an adult. Which statement explains why it does this? No links!!!
A. It is a mammal.
B. It is an invertebrate.
C. It goes through complete metamorphosis.
D. It goes through incomplete metamorphosis.
Answer:
D. It goes through incomplete metamorphosis.
Explanation:
Damselflies do not hide away inside a pupa to transform into their adult form. Instead, they shed their skin several times as they grow, changing shape a little each time. This process is called incomplete metamorphosis.
Beetles in a certain population can either be green color or brown colored. A change in the environment has caused the green colored beetles to become more visible and heavily prayed upon by other animals. Because of this change in the environment, what will most likely happen to this beetle population.?
A. The number of brown colored beetles will increase
B. The green colored beetles reproduce at a faster rate
C. The green colored beetles will change their color to brown
D. The population of green colored and brown colored beetles will become extinct
Answer:
A. i think
Explanation:
if green is being prayed on more, than less green are gonna be produced and brown will become more prominent. if that makes sense.
Which tectonic plate lies underneath the starred region? *
A. African
B. Pacific
C. Indo-Australian
D. Eurasian
Answer: B
Explanation:
The temperate grasslands biome includes regions of several continents. What do all of the regions have in common? A. the same species of grazing animals B. the same species of grasses C. the same seasonal patterns of temperature and precipitation D. the same amount of land that is covered in grasses
Answer:
C
Explanation:
temperate biomes have a pretty stable climate
How did NASA help to uncover the adaptations that are made due to living in extreme environments?
By analyzing changes in one twin on Earth and the other in space.
By introducing animals and other organisms that could be studied in space.
By running experiments on astronauts that were in space for over a year
By observing changes in retired astronauts over a period of ten years.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
I took this at flvsa lol
the gas made by respiratin is called what
the caw is_the tree
Answer:
what
Explanation:
Matter constantly cycles through the earth's spheres using many different processes. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are
two important processes in this cycling of matter. The products of photosynthesis are reactants in cellular respiration. The
products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis. This model shows the cycling of matter through these cycles.
The model is unlabeled. Correctly label the products and reactants of cellular respiration. Choose ALL that apply.
A)
A = ATP
B)
B = CO2 + H20
C
A = C6H1206
D)
D = 02 + C6H1206
E)
B = 02 + C6H1206
Answer:
A) A = ATP
B) B = CO2 + H2O
D) D = O2 + C6H12O6
Explanation:
The process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration mutually depends on one another. In this diagram, A represents ATP, B represents C[tex]O_2[/tex] + [tex]H_2O[/tex], C represents sunlight, and D represents [tex]C_6H_1_2O_6 + O_2[/tex].
What do you mean by Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis may be defined as a process through which plants synthesize their own food with the help of carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
Mitochondria release energy in form of ATP, while carbon dioxide and water serve as the reactant for photosynthesis. In presence of sunlight, they convert into glucose and oxygen which is the product of photosynthesis.
Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration mediate the cycling of matter like oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, etc.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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do you guys no what dose-response relationship means
Gonorrhea and Antibiotic Resistance
The CDC has categorized several infectious agents based on the seriousness of their antibiotic resistance. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea, is one of several agents in the "Urgent Threat" category. Gonorrhea is also the second most common reportable disease in the United States. This makes gonorrhea a significant public health concern. Please locate this article through an online search engine: Kirkcaldy RD, Harvey A Papp JR. et al. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Susceptibility Surveillance - The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project, 27 Sites United States. 2014. MMWR Surveill Summ 2016;65/No SS-7):1-19. DOI: http://dx.dol.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6507at. Read the article thoroughly, and then answer these questions about the agent of gonorrhea and its potential for antibiotic resistance. eBook erences
Select all of the characteristics below that apply to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (NOTE: Please change all question marks to checkmarks for correct answers or empty boxes for incorrect answers.)
a. It is a virus.
b. It usually affects the urogenital system but may also affect the eyes.
c. It is a gram-positive bacterium.
d. It must be grown on selective and enriched media.
e. It is gram-negative bacterium.
f. It can cause asymptomatic infections.
g. It usually affects the nervous system.
h. It is a yeast.
Answer:
b. It usually affects the urogenital system but may also affect the eyes.
e. It is gram-negative bacterium.
d. It must be grown on selective and enriched media.
g. It usually affects the nervous system.
f. It can cause asymptomatic infections.
Explanation:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram negative bacteria known to cause the sexually transmitted infection called Gonorrhea. Gonorrhea is easily treated with antibiotics, as long as the patient seeks early care and discovers the disease early on, as it can be asymptomatic, especially in women. When left untreated, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can infect the nervous system, causing many problems and even leading to death.
Despite being known to attack the urogenital system, this bacteria can attack the eyes generating gonococcal conjunctivitis, which is also sexually transmitted.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a fastidious bacteria, which means that it only grows in specific, selective and enriched culture media.
What do the diagrams illustrate about the process of transgression?
of rock erode over time
B layers of rock build up over time
C layers of rock rise relative to the original shoreline
D layers of rock lower relative to the original shoreline