Case-study.

A 25 years old male with past medical history of alcohol abuse was admitted to the ED with complains of severe lower back and bilateral legs pain. He had been running twelve miles every day for two weeks using 3 lbs weights attached to each leg and 2 lbs weights attached to each arm preparing for the marathon. The other complaint was a dark color urine for two days.
What is the cause of his symptoms. Explain the mechanism.


Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The lower back pain and bilateral leg pain is due to over and intense physical activity which causes stretching of ligaments and muscles resulting in back and leg pain. Such pain can be managed by limited or by reducing physical activity.  The dark color of urine is due to the presence of bile (bilirubin) in the urine. Here the patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse. Excessive alcohol intake enhances gut permeability resulting in enhanced absorption of bacterial endotoxins. Excessive endotoxins in the liver cause damage of the kupffer cells in the liver, resulting in the release of bilirubin in the blood which ultimately passes through kidneys into the urine.

Explanation:


Related Questions

What do we call the area of Earth,
from the top of the highest mountain
to the bottom of the ocean, in which
all life exists?
A. atmosphere
B. life bubble
C. biosphere

Answers

I think it is C. biosphere because that is where life lives. Hope this helps!

Which statement describes the phospholipid bilayer that makes up a cell membrane?

Answers

Answer:

Phospholipids arrange in two layers. Fatty acid chains from each layer are "sandwiched" in the middle away from water in and out of the cell.

Explanation:

What the person above me said

Which part is circled?
alcohol group
fatty acid
carboxyl group
unsaturated lipid

Answers

DAnswer:

Explanation:

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about blood pressure?

A. It measures how much the blood is pressing against the vessels as it is pumped through
the system
B. It is affected by both genetic and environmental factors.
C. Hypotension indicates good health
D. hypertension indicates that your blood needs more pressure to be moved through the
veins

Answers

Answer:

c.Hypotension indicates good health

If 4,000 units of energy are available in the producer level ,about how much would be available to the tertiary consumers?

Answers

4 units of energy for tertiary consumers

Water pressure is due to the weight of the water above a particular point.


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

T
F

Answers

this should be true

6. Which organisms in the food web shown
below compete for the same food source in
this environment?

Answers

Answer:

1) Snakes and Hawks

2) Frogs and Snakes

Explanation:

1) The snakes and the hawks both eat frogs.

2) The frogs and snakes both eat grasshoppers.

Frogs and snakes because they both compete for grasshoppers

Bird species from temperate regions must cope with relatively short breeding seasons. A study examined the relationship between blood testosterone level (ng/ml) and the duration of the egg-laying period (months) in temperate bird species. The scatterplot below displays this relationship, after taking the logarithm of each variable. A plausible value for the correlation between the logarithm of egg-laying duration and the logarithm of testosterone level is

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "-0.4".

Explanation:

In that situation, the value of the possible correlations between the egg-laying logarithm as well as the testosterone level logarithm is equal to 4 It value is equal to the percentage 4=-0.4.

Explain how one body system not functioning properly can affect another body
system.

Answers

Answer with explanation:

If a body system does not work properly then the other body systems will also fail because every system is needed for a person to live properly. For example if the respiratory system does not work properly then the other systems will be harmed as oxygen will not be able to move to other parts of the body. As a result, the kidneys will fail and the heart will stop working and the person will die.

One body system that is not functioning properly can affect another body system because, in an organism, coordination is maintained by the different organ systems. If one system is affected, then others will be too.

How is the body's system functioning?

In a multicellular organism, the organism is regulated by the coordination of the different organ systems, such as the circulatory system, digestive system, etc. In the human body, many systems are present, and each system is made up of many organs. In the nervous system, the nerves, brain, and spinal cord are involved, in the circulatory system, the blood, blood vessels, heart, and lungs are involved, and the lungs are involved in the respiratory system too. Because a single organ is involved in multiple organ systems, if one system is affected, the others will be affected as well.

Hence, one body system that is not functioning properly can affect another body system because, in an organism, coordination is maintained by the different organ systems.

Learn more about the body system here.

https://brainly.com/question/13258877

#SPJ2

How does overpopulation harm a species?

Answers

Overpopulation is associated with negative environmental and economic outcomes ranging from the impacts of over-farming, deforestation, and water pollution to eutrophication and global warming.

What must always be present in order to form a true scientific explanation?

Answers

The scientific method describes the processes by which scientists gain knowledge about the world. It's characterized by six key elements: questions, hypotheses, experiments, observations, analyses, and conclusions. These elements are interrelated steps, so they don't always function in the same order.

When all of the populations live together in the same area, what is it called?
A. A community
B. A niche
C. An environment
D. An eco system​

Answers

Answer:

When all of the populations live together in the same area, it is called:

A community

Why? Because a community occurs when multiple people are together, and the prefix com means "together".

By the way, I put in D on Edge, and it was wrong.

When all type of the populaton lived together in the similar area so we called them as the community.

What is community?

The population means the group of individual that are interbreeded with respect to the same species that should be isolated from the other group

while on the other hand, the community means the group or two or more various species that have the similar kind of geographical area.

Therefore, the option A is correct.

Learn more about population here: https://brainly.com/question/12039482

Im having trouble with this

Answers

the answer is c :))))))

human disruption of the carbon cycle has been implicated in..?

Answers

Answer:

D. Climate change

Explanation:

The carbon cycle is disrupted by several activities of man which includes burning if fossil fuels anong others. These leads to accumulation of huge amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which leads to global warming. The resultant effects of global warming is what one of the major cause of climate change.

Therefore, human disruption of the carbon cycle can be said to have been implicated in climate change.

Please help me, and include the order correctly..
DIrections- Click Reset. Use the Gizmo to create a path in which the carbon atom goes from the atmosphere to the hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere. Describe each transition briefly.

Answers

Answer:

I did this exact same gizmo so here's a screenshot.

Hope it helps! :)


Using the figure, match the following
The muscle fiber (cell) is indicated by
Label A
Label B
Label C
Label D

Answers

Answer:

Hope it helps

Explanation:

The label A represents mitochondria.

The mitochondria are also called the powerhouse of the cell which converts glucose to energy-rich molecules of ATP.

Label B represents the nucleus.

The nucleus contains the genetic material or DNA, RNA, nucleolus, chromatin fibers, and proteins. It contains the chromosomes which control the hereditary characteristics.

Label C represents the lysosome.

Lysosomes contain digestive juices which break down large cell parts and large molecules and help in intracellular digestion.

Label D represents rough endoplasmic reticulum having ribosomes.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum provides a surface for protein synthesis. It is also used to transport cellular contents from one cell to another.

Approximately 5 percent of the present human genome consists of segmental duplications that have arisen during the past 35 million years. How do you suppose researchers are able to estimate how long it has been since a particular region of a chromosome was duplicated

Answers

Answer:

by using molecular clocks which are based on the mutation rates among molecular sequences (e.g., DNA sequences). The mutation ​rate can be used to estimate the times of divergence between sequences (in this case, between duplicated sequences in the target species and non-duplicated sequences in the most recent common ancestor).

Explanation:

A molecular clock is a technique that uses the mutation rate (μ) to measure the association between evolutionary rate and time. A mutation rate can be used to estimate the time in prehistory when two or more molecular sequences diverged. For example, assuming a generation time of 20 years, a species that has 100 mutations per generation is divided by 20 years to yield a mutation rate equal to 5 mutations per year. In consequence, the times of divergence can be estimated by dividing half of the target genomic region length (in nucleotides) by the mutation rate (t = d/2 ÷ μ).

ʕ•ᴥ•ʔ Hi
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Answers

Answer:

mbaeichaapa️️️️️

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Give an example of physical evidence used to organize Earth’s history on the geologic time scale.

Answers

Answer:

The Earth is 4.6 billion years old. Some examples of events listed on the geologic time scale include the first appearance of plant life on Earth, the first appearance of animals on Earth, the formation of Earth's mountains, and the extinction of the dinosaurs.

Explanation:

please mark this answer as brainliest

PLEASE HELP DUE IN LIKE AN HOUR PLSSS

Answers

Answer:

how are they making you do that in an hour

Explanation:

Both species of garter snakes prey on the California newt, Taricha torosa, a small amphibian that produces a potent neurotoxin (TTX) in its skin. However, neither species of garter snake is affected by TTX. The resistance to TTX is associated with mutations in the SCN4A gene. Which of the following best supports a claim that
a. TTX resistance arose independently in T.
b. atratus and T.
c. sirtalis

Answers

Complete question:

Both species of garter snakes prey on the California newt. Taricha torso, small amphibian that produces a potent neurotoxin (TTX) in its skin. However, neither species of garter snake is affected by TTX. The resistance to TTX is associated with mutations in the SCN4A gene. which of the following best supports a claim that TTX resistance arose independently in T. atratus and T. sirtalis?    

A. The stomach contents in fossils of both species include the remains of food items that contains TTX.

B. Both species of snakes possess the SCN4A gene.

C. The two species of snakes have different genetic mutations in the SCN4A gene.

D. T. atratus and T. sirtalis are sister species that share many of the same morphological features.

Answer:

C. The two species of snakes have different genetic mutations in the SCN4A gene.

Explanation:  

These are two different species that feed on the same amphibian species and that developed resistance to TTX. Resistance to the toxic is associated with mutations in the SCN4A gene. So probably both species by separated developed different mutations in the gene that led them to be resistant to the toxin.

Supporting the fact that natural selection is not random, both species might have become resistant to TTX through different mutations in the same gene. Both species are feeding on the California newt that produces neurotoxin in the skin. Animals that feed on this amphibian need to be resistant to the toxin to avoid death and keep preying. TTX might be acting as a modeling pressure that led snakes to develop resistance to the toxin, favoring the same phenotype but independently.

A. The stomach contents in fossils of both species include the remains of food items that contain TTX. → Food items with TTX in the stomachs do not mean that species were resistant to the toxin. And if they were, it does not mean that species developed the resistance independently or not.

B. Both species of snakes possess the SCN4A gene. → The fact that both species have the gene does not mean that they have mutations in the gene

C. The two species of snakes have different genetic mutations in the SCN4A gene. → That both species have different mutations in the same gene means that they evolved independently from each other. They suffered different mutations in the same gene that led them to express the same resistance phenotype.  

D. T. atratus and T. sirtalis are sister species that share many of the same morphological features. → Morphological features do not necessarily reflect molecular features. The fact that they are similar sister species does not say anything about the SCN4A gene.

The condition that best supports this experiment is the two species of snakes have different genetic mutations in the gene described above.

What do you mean by Mutations?

Mutations may be defined as sudden, stable, and inheritable changes in the genetic material of an organism.  

Both species of snake have different mutations in the same gene means that they evolved independently from each other. They undergo different mutations in the same gene that led them to express the same resistance phenotype.

Therefore, the condition that best supports this experiment is the two species of snakes have different genetic mutations in the gene described above.

To learn more about Mutations, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/17031191

Country A is rich in natural resources. These resources are evenly distributed across the country. Country B has resources concentrated at few places. The government of Country B is hindering the resource distribution due to vested interests. What could be a possible impact of this scenario?
A.
Country B will have high level of poverty.
B.
Country A will have high level of poverty.
C.
Country B will have low level of poverty.
D.
Country A and B both will have low level of poverty

Answers

Answer:

country b will have high level of poverty

I’ll give points + brainalist (:

Answers

the most likely answer is d

Under certain conditions, it is possible to get more work out of a machine than you put into it.


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

T
F

Answers

Answer:

f :)

Explanation:

A greater stability of the biosphere would most likely result from
O A. decreased finite resources
O B. increased deforestation
O C. increased biodiversity
O D. decreased consumer populations

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Increased biodiversity helps diminish reliance on one species

Greater stability of the biosphere would most likely result from increased biodiversity (Option C).

Biodiversity refers to the observable variation in the life forms in a given ecosystem.

Biodiversity greatly contributes to maintaining the homeostasis (internal equilibrium) in an ecosystem.

In consequence, the loss of biodiversity (often due to human activity) can lead to the collapse of the ecosystem.

In conclusion, greater stability of the biosphere would most likely result from increased biodiversity (Option C).

Learn more in:

https://brainly.com/question/11542363

Which process involves the deliberate alteration of an organism’s genetic material?

Answers

Answer:

recombinat DNA , epidemiology,

_______ are thought to have been present before vertebrates.

Answers

Answer:

invertebrates i guess

Explanation:

hope it helped!!!

1.) Chordates

2.) phylogeny

3.) most recent common ancestor

4.) derived

5.) homologous

6.) analogous

7.) opposable

8.) prehensile tails

9.) Lucy

10.) neanderthalensis

11.) Using comparative anatomy, scientists identify similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. Scientists would search for homologous structures, analogous structures, and vestigial structures to provide clues as they construct a cladogram.

PF

draw and label a diagram of the water cycle using the words below.
Gravity
Sunlight
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
water cycle
Transpiration
Runoff

Answers

Runoff I think sorry good luck

give proof and show work and ill give brainliest

Answers

Answer:

An outbreak of a disease that infects squirrels in the park.

Explanation:

All the other answer choices would increase the population of squirrels. For the first option, more trees = more habitats = more squirrels to live in. For the second option, less hawks = less predators = more squirrels that will survive. For the third option, heavy rain = more acorns = more food for more squirrels.

Only the last option would limit the growth of a population of squirrels since diseases kill organisms in a population.

Who is the smartest man alive?

Answers

Answer: If its iq based then it would be William James

Explanation:

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