cells that have a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and more complexity are called what?

Myostatin (GDF-8) is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily of secreted growth and differentiation factors that is essential for proper regulation of skeletal muscle mass in mice. Here we report the myostatin sequences of nine other vertebrate species and the identification of mutations in the coding sequence of bovine myostatin in two breeds of double-muscled cattle, Belgian Blue and Piedmontese, which are known to have an increase in muscle mass relative to conventional cattle. The Belgian Blue myostatin sequence contains an 11-nucleotide deletion in the third exon which causes a frameshift that eliminates virtually all of the mature, active region of the molecule. The Piedmontese myostatin sequence contains a missense mutation in exon 3, resulting in a substitution of tyrosine for an invariant cysteine in the mature region of the protein. The similarity in phenotypes of double-muscled cattle and myostatin null mice suggests that myostatin performs the same biological function in these two species and is a potentially useful target for genetic manipulation in other farm animals.

The transforming growth factor β superfamily encompasses a large group of secreted growth and differentiation factors that play important roles in regulating development and tissue homeostasis (1). We have recently described a member of this family, myostatin, that is expressed specifically in developing and adult skeletal muscle and functions as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass in mice (2). Myostatin null mice generated by gene targeting show a dramatic and widespread increase in skeletal muscle mass. Individual muscles in myostatin null mice weigh 2- to 3-fold more than those of wild-type mice, primarily due to an increased number of muscle fibers without a corresponding increase in the amount of fat. To pursue potential therapeutic and agricultural applications of increasing muscle mass by inhibition of myostatin activity, we have been characterizing myostatin in animals other than mice. Here we report that the myostatin gene is highly conserved among vertebrate species and that two breeds of cattle that are characterized by increased muscle mass (double muscling), Belgian Blue (3) and Piedmontese (4), have mutations in the myostatin coding sequence. These results demonstrate that the function of myostatin has been highly conserved among vertebrates. hope it helps

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We should stop leaving plastic and trash on the ground and stop littering and leaving our stuff  on the ground cause birds and other animals can get exteremly hurt we should also stop cutting trees down cause it is ruining heir homes and when the trees fall sqirells and chipmunks can get hurt the birds can fly away but that doesn't mean that they won't get hurt either.

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1) Monotremes are mammals that lay eggs. The only monotremes that are alive  today are the spiny anteater, or echidna, and the platypus. These mammals are really different from other  mammals. Their body temperature is lower than most warm-blooded animals, a  feature that has more in common with reptiles. Their name comes from the fact  that they have only one body opening for both wastes and eggs to pass through.

2)  Marsupial mammals give birth to babies that are not completely developed.  The babies are very tiny. The babies then crawl up the fur on the mother's belly  into a pouch on the outside of the mother's abdomen. The babies drink milk from  the mother and continue to develop inside the pouch. Koalas, kangaroos, wallabies,  and opossums are some of the better-known marsupials.

3)A placental mammal develops inside its mother's body until its body systems  can function on their own. The name of this group comes from the placenta, an  organ in pregnant female mammals that passes materials between the mother and  the developing baby. Food and oxygen, carried by blood, pass from the mother to  the baby through the placenta. Most mammals, including humans, are placental  mammals.

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yes

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The Terrific Tostada is a popular restaurant for churros and fried ice cream desserts. Last week, 1,125 diners ordered churros or fried ice cream. There were 4 times as many orders for churros as fried ice cream.

How many diners ordered churros last week?

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I would interview Thomas Edison.

1. What idea you had for inveting the telephone?

 - "I basiclly used a battery to provide current on the phone line and to control its strength by using carbon to vary the resistance".

2.Did you once wanted to give up while creating an artwork?

My only answer and quote im giving is this:  “I have not failed 10,000 times – I've successfully found 10,000 ways that will not work.”

3.What inspired you?

-"I got my intrest by The Civil War it got me interested in invention."

4.How did you came up with the materials for making with your inventions?

"One night, after absent-mindedly rolling between my fingers a piece of lampblack, the material he used in his telephone receiver, I got the idea for switching to a carbonized filament".

5. So, Last question. Why you have to fail to succeed?

"Failure makes you better."

You have to find a way to find success through failure, and so you open yourself up to new ideas and new solutions to the same old problems. It may be difficult to cope with the setback at first, but eventually, mistakes will excite you.

Answer: the 3rd one

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bird eat grasshopper

grasshopper eat plant

plant eat soil