composition on photosynthesis​

Answer:

The effects on pigment composition and photosynthesis of low temperature during growth were examined in the third leaf of three chilling-tolerant and three chilling-sensitive genotypes of Zea mays L. The plants were grown under a controlled environment at 24 or 14 °C at a photon flux density (PFD) of 200 or 600 μmol m–2 s–1. At 24 °C, the two classes of genotypes showed little differences in their photosynthetic activity and their composition of pigments. At 14 °C, photosynthetic activity was considerably reduced but the chilling-tolerant genotypes displayed higher photosynthetic rates than the chilling-sensitive ones. Plants grown at 14 °C showed a reduced chlorophyll (Chl) a + b content and a reduced Chl a/b ratio but an increased ratio of total carotenoids to Chl a + b. These changes in pigment composition in plants grown at low temperature were generally more pronounced in the chilling-sensitive genotypes than in the tolerant ones, particularly at high PFD. Furthermore, at 14 °C, all the genotypes showed increased ratios of lutein, neoxanthin and xanthophyll-cycle carotenoids to Chl a + b but a reduced ratio of β-carotene to Chl a + b, especially at high PFD. At 14 °C, the chilling-tolerant genotypes, when compared with the sensitive ones, were characterized by higher contents of β-carotene and neoxanthin, a lower content of xanthophyll-cycle carotenoids, a lower ratio of xanthophylls to β-carotene, and less of their xanthophyll-cycle carotenoid pool in the form of zeaxanthin. These differences between the two classes of genotypes were more pronounced at high PFD than at low PFD. The results are discussed in terms of the relationship that may exist in maize between pigment composition and the capacity to form an efficient photosynthetic apparatus at low growth temperature.

Explanation:

Hope it help you.

With all the third parties that have been created in the USA, do you think there will be any changes to the party system? Why or why not?

Based on the table above, what is the category of the hurricane that hit Galveston? What evidence supports this?

How do you handle an evacuation center with 500 families evacuated?​

Why is Europe called the continent of the continents?​

nepal should adopt balance diplomatic between the both neighboring countries China and India, why ​

Which of the following attempts to change a state of being or to exert agency on or over events or natural phenomena?

Which statement is true regarding the structure of the U.S. government?

what is the international system

how was communism emerged in russia​

Why were people near the Yellow River able to grow enough food to support a civilization?

in in what way can the geosphere interact with the the atmosphere?

A-earthquakes

B-volcanic eruptions

C-tidal waves

the values important to Confucianism include what​

Match each Georgia Geographic Region to its description.
Blue Ridge ✅wettest region, Appalachian Mountain Range trail begins here
Valley and Ridge ✅the textile industry is the main industry in this region rich soil in between the steep mountains
Appalachian Plateau ✅of the 5 regions, this is the smallest, Nicknamed the Tag corner, coal is a resource here.
Piedmont✅ largest population, second largest land area
Coastal Plain✅ largest land area, home to the Okefenokee swamp, peanuts grow best here.

Which impact was a result of the Spanish mission system?
✅The Spanish missionaries forced Native American's to adopt their religion.

Which factor made the diseases transmitted by Europeans so deadly for the Mississippians
population of North America?
✅Native Americans had no immunity to European diseases.

Which statement best describes Oglethorpe's "dream" for the Georgia colony?
✅to give people from England a chance to start a new life.

The Highland Scots played an important role in settling Georgia during the Trustee Period. Choose 3 correct descriptions about the Highland Scots below
✅established the town of Darien
✅recruited by Oglethorpe to man Georgia's military forts
✅well-known for their bravery and determination in battle

During which period of colonial Georgia did restrictions on land ownership relax and slavery was legalized?
✅Royal Period

Which of the following did NOT make the colonists mad and want to revolt!
✅War of 1812

Which crops were originally traded with England during the colonial period? You must select all the correct answers to earn points for this question.
✅ rice
✅ indigo
✅ cotton

During the colonial period, which countries had economic interest in the Southeast?
✅ Spain
✅England
✅France

Due to the many weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation, the states, including Georgia, wanted to create a ______________ government.
✅strong central

The British held military occupancy in Savannah for most of the American Revolution. In which revolutionary battle did the patriots attempt to recapture the city of Savannah, but failed, leaving Savannah in the hands of the British for the remainder of the war?
✅Siege of Savannah

At the Battle of Kettle Creek, the patriots defeated the Loyalists and boosted the morale of the Georgia Patriots. At the Battle of Kettle Creek, _____________ led the charge but was wounded and lost his horse and ________ helped him and was rewarded with land after the war was over.
✅Elijah Clarke, Austin Dabney

The articles of confederation set up a weak central government and strong state governments. The Articles provided America with a very weak central government because of the American's experience with the British King. The Articles had too many limitations that did not allow government to function smoothly and they had to be replaced by the Constitution.
Congress can make laws ✅but it can't force states to obey them.
Congress could not levy taxes✅ so it couldn't pay the country's debt.
Congress could not raise an army ✅but it can't force states to obey them.
Articles did not create a judicial branch✅ so there was no national court system to decide disputes.
Who are the three Georgia signers of the Declaration of Independence?
✅Lyman Hall, ✅Button Gwinnett, ✅George Walton

Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin led to a/an ________ in slavery.
✅increase

Four land speculating companies bribed Georgia legislators to sell 35 million acres of land at a very low price. This is know as the
✅Yazoo Land Fraud

Who was the leader for the Creek Nation in Georgia who gave away all remaining Creek land in Georgia to the federal government?
✅William McIntosh

Which of the following is NOT true about the establishment of the University of Georgia?
✅women were admitted in 1785 when the school opened

The Yazoo land fraud occurred because land companies
✅bribed legislators so they could buy land cheaply

Which court case ruled the Cherokee Nation was an independent, sovereign nation where U.S. laws did not apply?
✅Worcester vs. Georgia

Georgia's border expanded west to the Mississippi River as a result of which event in our state's history?
✅The French and Indian War

African American men were elected to the Georgia General Assembly after the passage of which amendment?
✅15th amendment

Most teachers create procedures for routine activities (e.g., walking in the hallway, going to the restroom). Just as important are procedures for less-frequent activities (e.g., attending an assembly, responding to a fire or tornado drill). Select a less-frequent activity and write out a new procedure to address it.

Help help help please pelsss please

EXERCISES Why is the study of the origin and growth of sociology important?​

The number of Electoral Votes given to a state is based on...
O the population of the state
O the type of government in the state
O the number of registered voters in the state
the average income of the citizens of the state

Main idea 1: How energy is created

List 5 facts about how energy is created


Thanks....

What is meant by capitalism?​

What is the opinion that is being conveyed by the cartoonist?

What are three differences between the Roman republic government and the United States government?

Which statement best describes why Southerners did not support Lincoln in the election of 1860?
✅Southerners thought Lincoln wanted to stop the spread of slavery and they knew this would hurt the Southern economy.

The state of Georgia's readmission to the Union was rejected after Georgia's General Assembly______________.
✅removed African American legislators from the Georgia General Assembly
This form of labor kept poor farmers indebted to their landowners during reconstruction?
✅sharecropping and tenant farming
How did the Congressional Reconstruction enacted by the Radical Republicans in Congress better protect the rights of African Americans than other plans?
✅It required Southern states to adopt new constitutions to protect African Americans' civil rights.
Georgia was allowed to rejoin the Union after they passed/ratified what?
✅ the 15th amendment
True or False: Agriculture and cotton were no longer a major part of our economy after the Civil War.
✅False
This organization created educational opportunities, food and transportation for African Americans during Reconstruction.
✅The Freedman's Bureau
How did the United States respond to the removal of African American legislators from the Georgia General Assembly?
✅The federal government refused to readmit Georgia to the United States.
Which civil rights activist during the New South period advocated tolerance of racial discrimination while pursuing economic and educational opportunities?
✅Booker T. Washington
Who would have supported lowering taxes to help poor farmers during the New South period?
✅ Tom Watson
The causes below led to which event in Atlanta during the New South?
*false newspaper stories of African American violence against whites.
*unemployed white men viewing African Americans as taking their jobs
*rising crime rate in the city
✅The 1906 Atlanta Riot
A set of laws created by state legislatures that racially segregated public facilities.
✅Jim Crow laws
The segregation of public facilities was ruled constitutional and "separate but equal" was the outcome of which Supreme Court case?
✅Plessy vs. Ferguson
Historical Timeline: Put the following events in chronological order with the number 1 being the earliest event, and the number 6 being the latest event. ✅answers from 1-5
✅The American Revolution
✅Compromise of 1850
✅the Civil War
✅Presidential Reconstruction
✅Jim Crow Laws

Which civil rights activist argued that African Americans must demand their civil rights to combat racism?
✅W.E.B. DuBois
Alonzo Herndon's focus in the African American community was concentrated in the area of
✅business
Who was a New South advocate and editor for the Atlanta Journal Constitution whose work helped industrialize the south's economy?
✅Henry Grady
Which court case resulted in the rise of antisemitism in Georgia?
✅Leo Frank case
Georgia politics were dominated during the New South by the ______________.
✅ Bourbon Triumverate
Henry Grady and other Georgia leaders organized the International Cotton Expositions to showcase industry in the state and lure Northern Investors. Where they successful?
✅yes
This African-American demanded full political, civil, and social rights to his people, so he started the NAACP
✅WEB Dubois
How did Grady and Watson differ in their views about the future of Georgia?
✅Watson wanted to support farmers; Grady wanted to diversify the state.
Which of the following was NOT an attempt by the Bourbon Redeemers and segregations to disenfranchise African Americans?
✅prohibition laws

This photo depicts modern-day Cuba. Modern-day Cuba. A 1950's car sits parked along a street. How does this picture illustrate an effect of national security policies against Cuba? It shows that Cubans cannot afford new and modern items. Only necessities such as transportation are available to people. Modern American cars are not available due to trade restrictions. The empty street shows a lack of tourism and travel.

What was Harriet Martineau’s contribution to sociology?
A) She wrote an analysis of American society
B) She founded the American Sociology Society
C) She started the first settlement house in America
D) She helped formulate the functionalist theory of sociology

In 1998, California had forty-five representatives in the U.S. House of Representatives while Louisiana had seven. What accounts for the difference in those numbers?

Answer all pleaseeeeee

What is office coruse?
How to learn office course?​

In the past two years, the situation in the United States has been turbulent, with C O V I D-19's reasons, and the reasons for the previous presidential election. Some of them have begun to become independent. In Texas, the headquarters of the Republican Party, many local republican government members believe that the election results are fraudulent, so they are very dissatisfied with Biden and the Democratic Party. Later, they violated Biden's administrative instructions for many times. Up to now, even local U.S. congressmen openly support independence and claim that after independence, they will take all the space agency, oil and the army away. However, local people said that if Texas was really independent, Biden would send troops immediately.

what is the meaning of hindi word​

QUESTION 23
Protests are a form of conventional participation.
O True
O False