Define viral plaque forming unit .

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A plaque-forming unit (PFU) is a measure used in virology to describe the number of virus particles capable of forming plaques per unit volume


Related Questions

PLEASE HELP!! 70 POINTS!!!
Explain how DNA is involved in creating genetic variation within a species. Is this considered a mutation, if so why?

Answers

Answer:

different strands creates different human characteristic

Name one observation in a urine culture that would result in a rejection of the specimen and
culture.

Answers

Answer:

What are 3 things that can be tested in a urinalysis to look for abnormalities?

Things the dipstick test can check for include:

Acidity, or pH. If the acid is abnormal, you could have kidney stones, a urinary tract infection (UTI), or another condition.

Protein. This can be a sign your kidneys aren't working right. ...

Glucose. ...

White blood cells. ...

Nitrites. ...

Bilirubin. ...

Blood in your urine.

Explanation:

4. Don't
fishing when it's windy.
b) play
c) go
a) do
d) eat

Answers

Answer:

Go

Explanation:

Dont go fishing when its windy

Could there be winds without differential heating? Using evidence from Unit 5 explain what differential heating is and whether this effects the earth’s global wind patterns.
HELPPP PLEASE SITE EVIDENCE (WILL MARK BRAINLIEST)!!!!!!!!

Answers

Differential heating is responsible for the wind patterns across the globe.

Differential heating is defined as the difference in heating of air on the land versus water. Sea breezes occur when land heats up faster than water which rises and creates a low pressure system. The high pressure air from the sea influxes is responsible for the creation of a sea breeze.

Unequal heating of the Earth's surface is responsible for the formation of large global wind patterns. Warm air rises at the equator and moves toward the poles while on the other hand, the cooler air rises at the poles and moves back toward the equator so in this way the earth’s global wind patterns occurs so we can say that differential heating is responsible for the wind patterns across the globe.

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organisms can be made up of many________

Answers

Answer:

individual organisms can be organized into the following levels: cells, tissues, organs, and organs systems.

organ systems > organs > tissues > cells

How do you think scientists figure out the life cycle of a star

Answers

Answer:

space

Explanation:

they figured it out going to space and since a star is a small peice of the sun they can't touch it it's impossible without getting heat burns or dying so they ither observe a star using a telescope or went to space for days

I don’t understand why mom doesn’t want me

Answers

Answer:

is because she wants you man. there no mom that dose not like their child

D D 4) After making an observation, what does a scientist ask?
What if I don't clean my room?
Are all doctors scientists?
A problem question.
What did someone else say about the same topic?
Who might disagree with me?

Answers

What did someone else say about the same topic

3. How do animals survive in water and land habitat?

PLEASE HELP ME!!!!!!!​

Answers

Explanation:

A salamander adapted to its surroundings both on land & water. these creatures evolved to do both by living in in low- moisture & raining conditions.

What is the location of a volcano that forms in the middle of the ocean called?
A) seismic wave
B) hotspot
C) fault line
D) earthquake

Answers

Answer: Answer is B a hot spot

Explanation:

HELP!!!!!
If one strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases: AGT CTC TAG AGC TAT CGT GCG, what is the order of nitrogenous bases on the complementary DNA strand?

Answers

Answer:

Hey there you got this! remember that A -T and C-G for the complement strand. Don't forget the 5' to 3'.

Usualy teachers if they don't specificy then the one you are given is 5' to 3' which means the mone you make lokking left to right is 3' to 5'. Make sure to choose the correct answer choice that looks like this.

In the series of words given below, which of the following words is not categorized with the others?
superstructure - supervene - superstar - Supemova - supertanker
Select the single best answer:
e
A. superstructure
B. supervene
C. superstar
D. supernova
E supertanker

Answers

Answer:

I think its supernova

Explanation:

the choices a b c and e are all something more of something that exists. Ex) Super star is a star that is Super! But a Supernova is just a Supernova. There is no nova that is Super.

I hope this helps.

Supernova is the series of words given below, which of the following words is not categorized with the others.

What is Supernova?

A star that has reached the end of its life and bursts in a bright flash of light is what is known as a supernova.

Supernovae have the ability to briefly outshine entire galaxies and emit more energy in a single second than the sun does in its entire lifetime. Additionally, they are the universe's main supplier of heavy materials. Supernovae are "the greatest explosion that occurs in space," according to NASA.

Supernovae were noted by numerous cultures before the telescope was created in the 17th century. According to NASA's records, this "guest star" was visible in the sky for eight months.

Therefore, Supernova is the series of words given below, which of the following words is not categorized with the others.

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9. WHY IS THIS (ANSWER TO #8. FROM ABOVE) MOLECULE SO IMPORTANT?

Answers

Answer: Adapter Molecule of RNA

Explanation:

It's a link for mRNA and amino acids.

How have golden eagles adapted their behavior for living in temperate grasslands?

Answers

Golden eagles have adapted their behavior for living in temperate

grasslands by building their nests on the ground.

Temperate grassland is characterized by mainly grasses and very few

trees. Animals like the Golden eagle who build their nests on tall trees are

able to adapt to the absence of these types of trees in the grasslands by

building their nests in the ground.

They live in in pairs in the temperate grasslands to efficiently guard the

nest and hunt  animals for their survival.

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Why do organisms perform fermentation?

Answers

Answer: Because muscle cells cannot get oxygen fast enough to meet their energy needs through aerobic respiration.

Answer: Because muscle cells cannot get oxygen fast enough.

What principle of light’s behavior can be used to make a far away object appear closer and also make a small object appear larger? A. incidence B. reception C. transmission D. refraction

Answers

Answer:

I believe that the answer to this question would be D. refraction

Explanation:

because it changes direction of the light in don't know how to explain

If an invasive species emigrated from a continent to a small island near the continent, what would most likely occur on the island

Answers

Answer:

Organisms on the island would migrate to a larger island.

Invasive species can cause extinctions, reduce biodiversity, compete for resources, and modify environments.

What is an invasive species?

An invasive species is a category of non-native species that has overtaken the habitat to which it was initially introduced.

Native plants and animals may go extinct as a result of invasive species, which can also decrease biodiversity, compete with native species for scarce resources, and disrupt habitats.

Preventative measures are the most practical and secure method of managing invasive species. It is far more effective to deal with invasive species early on and quickly than to try and contain an extensive infestation. The invasive species may be the target of control and management measures if eradication is not achievable.

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The ___ is a short loop from the heart to the lungs and back again. HELP

Answers

Answer:

pulmonary circulation

Explanation:

it's a short loop from the heart to the lungs back again

If you gently bend your ear, and then let go, the shape of your ear will return because the cartilage of your ear contains_____.

Answers

Answer:

If you gently bend your ear, and then let go, the shape of your ear will return because the cartilage of your ear contains elastic fibers.

Did the predators prey on the two variations of moths equally?

Answers

Answer:

This is true.

Explanation:

I did the test.

Choose ALL of the correct answers.

Which of the following must be true in order for natural selection to occur?

Group of answer choices

There must be variation in traits in the population

The trait must cause the individual to evolve

The trait must have no other advantage in fitness

The trait must be for the good of the species

The trait must be heritable

The trait must advance the goal of evolution

Answers

Answer:

For natural selection to occur, it is true that there must be genetic variation in the population.

Explanation:

According to evolution, natural selection implies the changes that occur in the genotype of a species, due to the effect of environmental factors, and which guarantee its survival through adaptive evolution.

For natural selection to occur, three fundamental conditions must exist:

A trait that can be inherited from one generation to another.

The trait is subject to variability between subjects of the same species.

Genetic variability can determine the possibility of reproductive success and survival.

Therefore, a necessary factor for natural selection to occur is that genetic variability exists in the population.

For natural selection to occur :-

There must be variation in traits in the population.The trait must cause the individual to evolve.The trait must be for the good of the species.The trait must be heritable.The trait must advance the goal of evolution.

What is Evolution?It is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generation.It relies on the process of natural selection.

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The diagram shows the reproductive system of a plant.



Which of the following best describes the interaction that occurs between a plant's reproductive parts during self-fertilization?


The diagram shows the reproductive system of a plant.



Which of the following best describes the interaction that occurs between a plant's reproductive parts during self-fertilization?


Pollen is released from the stigma and is transferred to the anther. A pollen tube grows down from the anther through the filament and fuses with the ovule, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.


Pollen moves from the ovule up through the style and is released from the stigma. The pollen is transferred to the anther, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.


Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches an ovule within the ovary where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

Answers

Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. It's the 3 rd answer that is correct

The correct answer is pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches an ovule within the ovary where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

This option correctly defines the interaction that occurs between a plant's reproductive parts during self-fertilization as it explains the pollination process and fertilization, when pollen grains are released then are transferred to the stigma the pollen tube is there that reaches ovule and the sperms fertilize an egg.

What is pollination?

Transfer of pollen from anther to the stigma of plants. Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches an ovule within the ovary where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

Thus it is clear that the answer explained above is correct describes the interaction that occurs between a plant's reproductive parts during self-fertilization.

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1. Distinguish living beings from non-living things on the basis of the following
A. reproduction
B.energy production
C. growth

Answers

Answer:

reproduction. plants undergo mitotic division while animals meiotic division

energy reproduction. plants produce or manufacture their own food through photosynthesis while animals depend on plants that's they convert the energy from plants (carbohydrates) into proteins vitamins etc

growth. growth in plants in localized..it involves growth of part tissues like roots stem leaves while in animals it is diffuse that's it occurs in every active cells.

Explanation:

I HOPE THIS IS HELPING.

Which of these is a compound?​

Answers

Answer:

your anwser would be sugar please mark brainliest

Explanation:

Answer:

I think it's sugar.

Explanation:

It is formed by a combination of three atoms: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Which is the advantage of water's heat capacity?

Answers

Answer:

helps regulate the rate at which air changes temperature

Usually a high specific heat capacity is an advantage as more energy is required to cause the substance to boil.

Which of the following best expresses the concept of natural selection

Answers

Answer:

style neutrons

Explanation:

_______________ are sounds the auditory apparatus makes.

vibrations

otoacoustic emissions

cochlear action potentials

none of the above

Answers

A) Vibrations


Sounds vibrate the eardrum

diegetic sound in the film monkeys paw 2011

Answers

That your digestive monkeys are from the ancient sanctuaries of the ancient Egyptian Mona Lisa in 2011 Mona Lisa is took a mayonnaise piece of bread and smooshed it onto the ancient Egyptian men for disrespecting her culture because the ancient Egyptian men wanted to dress like blatant don’t know what I’m saying just kidding hi

Arable land is land is no longer able to promote growth of agricultural changes.

True
False

Answers

The answer is false

Answer:

False

Explanation:

I took the test

Which of the following is a correct association?

Answers

Answer:

The first one

Explanation:

because it has the most words on their.

The correct association is option a.The cell synthesises proteins and organelles in the G2 phase (also known as the "Gap 2 phase") of the cell cycle in order to prepare for cell division.

The cell enters the G2 phase following DNA replication, which takes place during the S phase. In order to manufacture the elements required for cell division, the cell continues to expand and goes through further protein synthesis during this phase. These proteins play a role in the development of the mitotic spindle, control of cell cycle checkpoints, and cytoskeleton organisation.

The cell also creates organelles like the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum to make sure there will be enough energy and cellular building blocks for the impending division in the phase.

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FRENCH HELP ASAPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP How to find a and b in the equation below.3(a+b)=28 Trinity earns 8 dollars working at a local supermarket and 6 dollars per hour babysitting Compare maps of the world in ancient times with current political maps.Use the maps below to answer the following question.Image of two maps side by side. The map on the left shows a map of North America showing different cultural regions. In the south there is Mesoamerica. Above Mesoamerica is the Southwest. Along the Pacific Coast is the Pacific Northwest. Beside the Pacific Northwest and in the center of what is now the United States there is the Great Plains, Great Basin, and Plateau. On the eastern side of the continent is the Eastern Woodlands. In the North, there is the Subarctic and the Arctic. The map on the right shows a map of the United States showing all states.Based on these maps, which state listed below was located in the Northeast Native American cultural region? (4 points)Group of answer choicesTexasColoradoNew YorkCalifornia hey guys!! i need help on this one:) as a Given the function f(x) = - 3x + 2 then what is - 2f * (x) as a simplified polynomial ? how wealthy is brazil define the term conflict as it relates to literature did the conflict among the major European imperial powers led to territorial expansion of the newly formed U.S Match the terms.a. Initial Markupb. Additional Markupc. Markup cancellationd. Markdowne. Markdown cancellation1. original amount of markup from cost to selling price 2. Increase in selling price subsequent to initial markup3. Elimination of an additional markup. 4. Reduction in selling price below the original selling price5. Elimination of a markdown Explain why water erosion is most likely to form caves in a hilly region that is warm and rainy. write the equation of the line with the given slope and y-intercept 1. slope is -3 and y intercept of 72. slope is 1/4 and y- intercept is -5 6. What are three characteristics of Earth that make it suitable for life? -2.8f+0.9f-13-8 please simplify this Help Ill give 100 points! 3. If dy = x^2y^2 , then what is d2y/dx2 Why would a writer want to avoid passive voice and write in active voice?A-passive voice is clearer than active voice.B-active voice is clearer than passive voice.C-passive voice is more academic than active voice.D-active voice is faster paced than passive voice. A ball is thrown from an initial height of 3 feet with an initial upward velocity of 37 fts. The ball's height h (in feet) after 1 seconds is given by the following.h= 3+37t-16t^2Find all values of t for which the ball's height is 23 feet. Please answer this mathematical problem. In what way did Neolin and Pontiac think it was best to deal with the American settlers?A. They wanted the Indigenous Americans to band together and stay separate from the American settlers.B. They wanted to make alliances with the settlers to fight against other Indigenous groups.C. They encouraged the Indigenous Americans to blend into the new American settlers' society.D. They thought the old ways needed to be forgotten and new ways should be accepted.NO LINKS! MARK YOU THE BRAINLIEST