Design a voltaic cell using magnesium as one of the electrodes. Magnesium can be represented as either Metal A or Metal B in the above drawing. Use metal chlorides as the solutions in the two chambers. For example, magnesium chloride, (MgCl2) will be in solution in the chamber with the magnesium electrode. Use NaNO3 in the salt bridge. Select another element for the other electrode. Explain why you selected this element. Include information about the activity of the metal you select and the need for a spontaneous reaction. Metal A: Metal B: In the drawing, 1. Label the oxidation compartment: 2. Label the reduction compartment. 3. Label the direction of the flow of electrons. 4. Label the flow of the magnesium ions. 5. Label the flow of your selected element's ions. 6. What is leaving the salt bridge in the anode compartment? 7. What is leaving the salt bridge in the cathode compartment? 8. Write the oxidation and reduction half-reactions. 9. Calculate the chemical potential of your cell. Show all of your work.
Answers
Answer:
Here's what I get
Explanation:
You haven't shown your drawing, so I will assume that Metal A is the anode and Metal B is the cathode.
I will make a galvanic cell using Mg and Zn as the metals.
I selected Zn because it is common and readily available in the lab.
Zn is lower than Mg in the activity series, so Mg should be able to displace Zn from its salts
The standard reduction potentials are:
E°/V
Zn²⁺ (aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ Zn(s); -0.76
Mg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ Mg(s); -2.38
The Mg half-reaction has the more negative potential, so it will be the oxidation half-reaction.
8 and 9. Oxidation and reduction half-reactions and cell potential
E°/V
Oxidation: Mg(s) ⇌ Mg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ ; +2.38
Reduction: Zn²⁺ (aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ Zn(s); -0.76
Mg(s) + Zn²⁺ (aq) ⇌ Mg²⁺(aq) + Zn(s); +1.62
The cell potential is positive, so the reaction will be spontaneous.
Mg is the anode, so it is Metal A.
Zn is the cathode, so it is Metal B.
1. The Mg|Mg²⁺ half-cell is the oxidation compartment.
2. The Zn²⁺|Zn half-cell is the reduction compartment.
3. The electrons flow from anode to cathode in the external circuit.
4. The Mg²⁺ ions flow from the Mg through the solution to the salt bridge.
5. The Zn²⁺ ions flow from the solution to the Zn.
6. NO₃⁻ ions flow from the salt bridge into the anode compartment to balance the charge of the developing Zn²⁺ ions.
7. Na⁺ ions flow from the salt bridge into the cathode compartment to replace the charge of the depleted Zn²⁺ ions.
Related Questions
Which of the following elements does not lose an electron easily? NA F MG AL
Answers
Answer:
F
EXPLANATION
Among the given elements fluorine(F)can not lose electrons easily because of its high electron affinity, high nuclear charge and high electronegativity.
Answer:
F
Explanation:
it won't lose electron , rather it would gain electron to complete its octate......
Electronic Configuration of F = 2,7
So F will gain 1 electron ....
What is organic chemistry
Answers
Explanation:
Hi there!!!
The organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry which deals with the study of hydrocarbons compounds. organic chemistry deals with the study of structure, properties and reactivity of carbon compounds. It is a very broad area where more than 100000 organic compounds are studied.
Hope it helps..
unknown substance is heated from 10 celsius to 25 celsius, what happens at 17 Celsius
Answers
At 17 celsius ❤️
it will start to boil ❤️
#indian❤️
Which is true of binary ionic compounds?
Select one:
a. They consist of only two atoms.
b. They consist of atoms of only two elements.
c. They contain two different anions.
d. They have bonds that share two valence electrons.
Answers
Answer:
Its a or d if im stupid my b
Explanation:
Binary ionic compounds consist of atoms of only two atoms and hence the term binary is given to them.
What are ionic compounds?Ionic compounds or electrovalent compounds are the type of compounds which are formed between two elements when there is an exchange of electrons which takes place between the atoms resulting in the formation of ions.
When the atom looses an electron it develops a positive charge and forms an ion called the cation while the other atom gains the electron and develops a negative charge and forms an ion called the anion.
As the two atoms are oppositely charged they attract each other which results in the formation of a bond called the ionic bond and the compound is called ionic compound.
When the compounds consist of atoms of only two elements the compound is called as a binary ionic compound.
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Which is the formula mass of Na2S04?
Answers
Answer:
The formula mass of Na2S04 is 142.04 g/mol
Answer:
142.04 g/mol
Explanation:
the formula Na2SO4 means:two moles sodium (45.98g), one mile sulfur (32.06g), and four moles oxygen (64.00g) combine to form one mole of sodium surface (142.04g).
Place the following substances in order of decreasing vapor pressure at a given temperature: BeF2, CH3OH, OF2?
(a) OF2 > BeF2 > CH3OH
(b) BeF2 > OF2 > CH3OH
(c) BeF2 > CH3OH > OF2
(d) CH3OH > OF2 > BeF2
(e) OF2 > CH3OH > BeF2
Answers
Answer:
(b) BeF2 > OF2 > CH3OH
Explanation:
The degree and type of intermolecular forces present in a substance influences its vapour pressure considerably. The greater the magnitude and strength of intermolecular forces in the substance, the lower the vapour pressure of the substance.
BeF2 molecules are held together by weak vanderwaals forces hence BeF2 will exhibit the least degree of intermolecular interaction and have the highest vapour pressure. OF2 molecules are bound together by dipole interactions hence it will exhibit a lower vapour pressure compared to BeF2. CH3OH molecules form hydrogen bonds with water molecules hence it will exhibit the least vapour pressure among the trio.
How can the rate constant be determined from the rate law
Answers
Answer: The rate constant is the reaction rate divided by the concentration terms.
Which statement is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18? A Their atoms have identical masses B They do not have the same number of protons C They have different numbers of electrons D They are isotopes of oxygen
Answers
Answer:
option d
Explanation:
isotope means atoms with different mass no. 17 and 18 written on the left represent mass number
this is because atoms can differ in mass no.
option a is incorrect as they have different mass no,hence,different massoption b is incorrect as atoms-oxygen-17 and oxygen 18-of same element oxygen cannot differ in no of protonsif they had different no of electons they would have a charge like -1,-2,etcoption d is correct,because atoms can differ in mass no. isotope means atoms with different mass no. 17 and 18 written on the left represent mass numberHello, I am stuck on a chemistry question. Would you be able to help? You arrive at a crime scene and are told the body of the victim is at the bottom of a pool that is 10 m deep. You walk over to what you are told is a 12 m in diameter, cylindrical pool. From the outside of the pool, you can see that the body looks badly burnt. Your partner says, “It looks like our victim had been burned alive and tried to put out the fire by jumping in the pool. The victim likely drowned to death.”
Something does not sit right with you though. If there was a fire, where did it start? There are no signs of combustion anywhere. You aren’t so sure and ask the crime scene investigator to run a sample of the pool water before letting anybody try to pull the body out.
The CSI comes back to you and tells you that normal pool water pH is roughly around 7.2, but the pool pH is actually highly basic at a level of 13, with a concentration of hydroxide ions at 1.0 x 10-1 mol/L. It becomes obvious to you that the body wasn’t burned before going in to the pool, but AFTER, and there was no fire needed!
You order the body to be removed from the pool, but the CSI interjects, “It would be too dangerous with a pH that high. I suggest you get some vinegar from the store and pour it in to the pool beforehand to drop the pH to 7. Draining the pool would take far too long and we need to examine the body as soon as possible.” She asks one of your constables to go to the store to purchase five 4L jugs of vinegar (pH = 2) to pour in the pool, as she states it is enough to bring the pH to a safe level of 7.
It sounds like it could be enough vinegar based on your knowledge of acids and bases, but you want to double-check her estimate before sending your constable to the store. Verify whether or not she is correct using calculations. A diagram may help you with your calculations.
Hint 1: 1m3 = 1000L
Hint 2: Vcylinder = πr2h
Answers
Answer:
The vinegar is not enough to neutralize the pool.
Explanation:
The [OH⁻] in the pool is 1.0x10⁻¹mol / L. To know how many moles of OH⁻ are in the solution, you must calculate volume of the pool thus:
V(pool) = πr²h
Where r, radius is d/2 = 12m/2 = 6m and h is deep of the pool = 10m
V(pool) = π(6m)²*10
V(pool) = 1131m³
As 1m³ = 1000L:
1131m³ × (1000L / 1m³) = 1131000L in the pool.
And moles of OH⁻ are:
1.0x10⁻¹mol / L ₓ 1131000L = 131100 moles of OH⁻ are in the pool
The neutralization of OH⁻ with H⁺ is:
OH⁻ + H⁺ → H₂O
That means to neutralize the pool you must add 131100 moles of H⁺.
The H⁺ concentration in a vinegar pH = 2 is:
pH = -log [H⁺]
2 = -log [H⁺]
1x10⁻²M = [H⁺]
4L are just 4x10⁻² moles of [H⁺]. As you need 131100 moles of H⁺:
The vinegar is not enough to neutralize the pool.When lithium metal reacts with fluorine gas it forms the ionic compound lithium fluoride (LiF). What is the correct electron configurations of the ions formed
Answers
Answer:
The electronic configuration of ions formed are:
Li+ (2) => 1s2
Cl- (18) => 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
Explanation:
Lithium metal, Li will lose 1 electron to lithium ion Li+. Chlorine atom, Cl will receive the 1 electron to form the chloride ion Cl- as shown by the following equation below:
Li —> Li+ + e
Cl+ e —> Cl-
Combine both equation
Li + Cl + e —> Li+ + Cl- + e
Cancel out 'e'
Li + Cl —> Li+ Cl-
Thus, we can write the electronic configuration for the reaction as follow:
Before reaction:
Li (3) => 1s2 2s1
Cl (17) => 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
After reaction
Li+ (2) => 1s2
Cl- (18) => 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
Therefore, the electronic configuration of the ions formed are:
Li+ (2) => 1s2
Cl- (18) => 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
What are the ways in which quality of petrol can be improved?
Answers
Answer:
It can be improved by:
a) Adding METHANOL
b) Adding BUTANOL
c) Adding ETHANOL.
Explanation:
hope it helps.
The reaction between hydrogen gas and chlorine gas produces hydrogen chloride according to the following equation: H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g). Using the following bond enthalpies(D) calculate the enthalpy of reaction. D(H-H) =436 kJ/mol; D(Cl-Cl) = 243 kJ/mol D(H-Cl) = 432 kJ/mol
Answers
Answer:
The enthalpy of reaction is -185 kJ
Explanation:
To get the reaction:
H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2 HCl(g)
you must follow the following steps:
1) Reactive molecules must break their bonds to obtain their atoms.
H₂(g) → 2 H(g)
Cl₂(g) → 2 Cl(g)
Bond energy (or enthalpy) is the energy required to break one mole of bonds of a gaseous substance. In the case of diatomic molecules with a single bond, it corresponds to the energy necessary to dissociate 1 mole of said substance in the atoms that form it.
Whenever you want to break links you must supply energy, so the link enthalpy will have positive values; while when a mole of bonds is formed energy is released and the bond enthalpy of this process will be negative.
In this case you will then have:
H₂(g) → 2 H(g) ΔH=436 kJ/mol
Cl₂(g) → 2 Cl(g) ΔH=243 kJ/mol
So the total energy needed to break all the bonds is:
ΔH=1 mol*436 kJ/mol +1 mol* 243 kJ/mol= 679 kJ
2) The atoms that were obtained in the break of the bonds must be combined to obtain the product.
2 H (g) + 2 Cl (g) → 2 HCl (g)
Being the single bond energy for one mole of 431 kJ H-Cl bonds and considering that two moles of H-Cl bonds are formed, the ΔH is:
ΔH = -2 moles* (432 kJ/mol) = -864 kJ
As mentioned, when a mole of bonds is formed energy is released, the bond enthalpy of this process will be negative. So the formation of HCl is negative.
Hess's law states that the energy change in an overall chemical reaction is equal to the sum of the energy changes in the individual reactions comprising it. So:
ΔHtotal= -864 kJ + 679 kJ
ΔHtotal= -185 kJ
The enthalpy of reaction is -185 kJ
Explain why all glassware must be dry and the solvent anhydrous during formation and reaction of a Grignard reaction. Explain why it is advisable to not clean your glassware with acetone before a Grignard reaction. Include balanced chemical equations in your answer. (4 pts)
Answers
Answer:
The Grignard reagent will be destroyed
Explanation:
The Grignard reaction is based on a carbanion production (RMgX). If water is present in the glassware, a reaction can take place with [tex]H_2O[/tex] and the desired product will not be produced. Because an "H" would be transferred from water to the Grignard reagent. (See figure 1)
If we have acetone in the glassware we will have a similar problem. The Grignard reagent would be destroyed and the desired product will not be produced. The Grignard reagent will attack the carbon in the carbonyl group and the carbanion would disappear. (See figure 2)
Flask is immersed in a large beaker of very hot water. At first, the level of the liquid in the tube falls, but after a short time it rises. Explain why the liquid level in the tube stops falling and starts to rise.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
When a flask is dipped in very hot water in a large beaker , the flask expands due to heat gain . As a result , level of water in tube fitted in flask goes down .
After some time , the water inside tube also become hot so it expands . coefficient of volume expansion of water is more than coefficient of volume expansion of glass . Hence greater expansion takes place in the volume of water . It is due to this fact that water level in tube starts rising after some time of fall .
what is a conjugate acid
Answers
THE conjugate acid, within the acid–base theory, is a chemical compound formed by the reception of a proton by a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it, as in the reverse reaction it loses a hydrogen ION.
A 35 L tank of oxygen is at 42°C with an internal pressure of 5000.mmHg. If the temperature changes to 88°C, what would the new pressure be ? the volume is held constant
Answers
Answer:
5730 mmHg.
Explanation:
The following data were obtained from the question:
Initial temperature (T1) = 42 °C.
Initial pressure (P1) = 5000 mmHg.
Final temperature (T2) = 88 °C.
Final pressure (P2) =.?
Next we shall convert celsius temperature,T(°C) to Kelvin temperature, T(K).
This can be obtained as follow:
T(K) = T(°C) + 273
Initial temperature (T1) = 42 °C.
Initial temperature (T1) = 42 °C + 273 = 315 K
Final temperature (T2) = 88 °C.
Final temperature (T2) = 88 °C + 273 = 361 K
Finally, we shall determine the new pressure.
Since the volume of the container is constant, the new pressure can be obtained as follow:
Initial temperature (T1) = 315 K.
Initial pressure (P1) = 5000 mmHg.
Final temperature (T2) = 361 K.
Final pressure (P2) =.?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
5000/315 = P2/361
Cross multiply
315 x P2 = 5000 x 361
Divide both side by 315
P2 = (5000 x 361) / 315
P2 = 5730.1 ≈ 5730 mmHg
Therefore, the new pressure is 5730 mmHg.
What would be the charge on an ion whose neutral atom has an electron configuration of 2.8.7?
O A. +7
OBO
C. +1
Answers
Answer:
–1
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of the neutral atom is given below:
2 8 7
From the electronic configuration of the neutral atom, we can see that the atom has 7 electrons in it's outermost shell. This implies that the element needs 1 more electron to complete it's octet configuration.
Therefore the charge on the ion of the element will be –1 indicating that the atom has received 1 electron to complete it's octet configuration.
Matter is composed of exceedingly small particles called atoms. An atom is the
smallest unit of an element that can participate in a -------
Answers
Answer:
Matter is composed of exceedingly small particles called atoms. An atom is the
smallest unit of an element that can participate in a chemical reaction.
Answer:
Chemical reaction.
Explanation:
A microwave oven produces energy waves which are: A. longer than visible light B. shorter than visible light C. not part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Answers
Answer:
The answer is option A.
longer than visible light
Hope this helps you
Answer:
electromagnatic waves
Explanation:
Give one reason why water gas and producer gas are prepared together in the same furnace. Pls ansa its urgent
Answers
Answer:
because water gas has high heat content more than producer gas
Explanation:
give brainliest plz
Which best describes a neutralization
reaction?
A) a reaction between an acid and a base
B) a reaction between two acids
C) a reaction between a base and a salt
D) a reaction between two salts
Answers
Explanation:
The Answer is a reaction between two acids
what is the scientific name for the layer of gas that surrounds the earth A. hydrosphere B. biosphere C. atmosphere D. lithosphere
Answers
Answer:
hydro
Explanation: hydrogen
Answer:
C. Atmosphere
Explanation:
First, let’s define each answer choice.
Hydrosphere: all of the water on Earth
Biosphere: the global ecosystem where organisms live
Atmosphere: the envelope of gases around the planet
Lithosphere: the outermost part of the Earth( the crust and upper mantle)
The question asks us to find the scientific name for the layer of gas that surrounds the Earth. The best choice is C. Atmosphere.
what is heat energy
Answers
Answer:
Movement of tiny particles called atoms, molecules and ions in a solids,liquid and gases. Heat energy can be transferred from one object to another. The transfer or flow due to the difference in temperature between the two objects is called heat.
What would 12.47 rounded to 2 sig figs be?
Answers
Answer:
12
Explanation:
To get to this answer you have to look at the number first. So the given number is 12.47 and you need 2 sig figs.
To help you understand this more start off by underlining the first 2 numbers because 2 sig figs are needed. 12.47
Now you want to look at the number after the underlined (I bolded that number). 12.47
If the number is above 5 then you would round the previous number up by one but in this case it is 4 so you do not increase the number. Hence, you getting 12 as your final answer.
Hope this helped! Let me know if you have any questions.
what is the relationship between ph and poh?
Answers
Answer:
pH and pOH denote the negative log of the concentration of hydrogen or hydroxide ions. High pH means that a solution is basic while high pOH means that a solution is acidic. ... So here the basic definition of pH is that it's equal to negative log base 10 of the concentration of protons in your solution.
pH and pOH are inversely proportional to one another i.e. as one increases, the other decreases and vice versa.
What is pH and pOH?pH and pOH are terms used to measure the level of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
A basic solution has a pOH less than 7, while an acidic solution has a pOH greater than 7.
On the other hand, a basic solution has a pH greater than 7 while an acidic solution has a pH lesser than 7.
Therefore, it can be said that pH and pOH are related inversely i.e. as one decreases, the other increases.
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Q1. Because metals are malleable, we use some of them to make saucepans. Give two other examples of uses of metals that depend on: (a):their malleability. (b):their ductility. (c):their ability to conduct electricity. [3]
Answers
Explanation:
(a):their malleability:
>iron making. iron worker heat the meat and hammer it to give them the desired shape.
> in the jewelry making process, like the gold or silver you wear are results due to the malleability of metal
(b):their ductility:
>for the making of high tension cable that connects different cities for transferring of electricity.
>for making wire gauze
(c):their ability to conduct electricity:
>for lighting up your house with light bulbs
>for using cooking stoves
>to make refrigerator work.
Answer:
a)gold and silver-used to make jewellery
b)gold and copper(we draw them in wires easily because they are not brittle)
c)copper and iron(this is because both of them are metal and metaps are best conductors of electricity)
Explanation:
uses of copper- to make utensils
to make wires for circuits
uses of silver-to make jewellery
to make mirrors
malleability is the property of a meta in which the metal can be changed into different shapes.
Ductility-can be drawn into thin wires.
Each of the continents moves at a different rate and in a different direction. Based on this observation, do you believe that any of the modern continents will recombine to form a new supercontinent in the future? Why or why not?
Answers
Answer:
Supercontinent is a single landmass formed by the combination of many Earth's continental blocks or cratons.
Supercontinents form and split up every 400 or 500 million years and the last supercontinent was formed 300 million years ago, so it is possible that any of the modern continents will combine together to form a new supercontinent in future.
Answer:
Yes, modern continents could recombine to form a new supercontinent. Because the continents move at different rates and in different directions, it’s likely that in the future, continents will collide and join together.
Explanation: Edmentum's EXACT ANSWER SO DO NOT COPY! Rewrite it in your own words.
WHAT IS THE UNBALCNED EQUATION OF Methane burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
Answers
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{CH_{4}+O_2 --> CO_2 + H_2O}[/tex]
Explanation:
Part 1: Naming compound formulas given the namesStep 1. Methane's formula is [tex]CH_4[/tex].
Step 2: Oxygen is a diatomic molecule (it exists bonded to itself for stability purposes), so by itself in chemical equations, it is written as [tex]O_2[/tex].
Step 3: Carbon dioxide is the molecular compound of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen → [tex]CO_2[/tex].
Step 4: Water is the common name of the compound of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom → [tex]H_2O[/tex].
Part 2: Writing the skeleton equationStep 1: Use the determined formulas for the reactants and plug them into the equation. We are told that methane burns in oxygen -- hinting at a combustion reaction. Therefore, we may infer that these are the reactants that yield the products.
Skeleton equations are written with the reactant(s) on the left -- if there are several, they are separated by an addition symbol (+).
With this information, we may begin our equation: [tex]CH_4 + O_2[/tex], where [tex]CH_4[/tex] is methane and [tex]O_2[/tex] is the diatomic molecule of oxygen.
Step 2: Use the determined formulas for the products and plug them into the equation. We are told that the methane burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Hence, we can separate these two as we did with the reactants.
Now, our products side of the reaction will look like this: [tex]--> CO_2 + H_2O[/tex], where [tex]CO_2[/tex] is carbon dioxide and [tex]H_2O[/tex] is water.
Step 3: Write the final equation. All you must do after determining both sides of the equation is simply push them together. Place the reactant side of the equation on the left and the product side of the equation on the right.
This gives us our final equation, [tex]\boxed{CH_4 + O_2 --> CO_2 + H_2O}[/tex].
Because the problem asks for the unbalanced equation, we do not need to take any further steps of balancing the equation.
A substance contains 23.0 g sodium, 27.0 g aluminum, and 114 g fluorine. How many grams of sodium are there in a 102-g sample of the substance? Select one: a. 4.43 g b. 23.0 g c. 14.3 g d. 102 g e. None of these
Answers
Answer:
E. None of the above
Explanation:
what is the difference between the atom and isotope
Answers
Answer:
Atoms consist of a nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by electrons.
Isotopes are atoms that have same number of protons but they differ in the number of neutrons and in atomic mass.
Answer:
Isotopes are atoms that have the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, so it now has more or fewer electrons than it does protons. So an ion has a negative or positive charge.
Hope it helps :)