Ethanol in the body is oxidized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH). Other alcohols are also oxidized by LADH. For example, methanol, which is mildly intoxicating, is oxidized by LADH to the quite toxic product of formaldehyde. The toxic effects of ingesting methanol (a component of many commercial solvents) can be reduced by administering ethanol. The ethanol acts as a competitive inhibitor of methanol by displacing it from LADH. This provides sufficient time for the methanol to be harmlessly excreted by the kidneys. If an individual has ingested 30 mL of methanol (a lethal dose), how much 100 proof whiskey (50% ethanol by volume) must be imbibed to reduce the activity of her LADH towards methanol to 5% of its original value? The adult human body contains ~40L of aqueous fluids throughout which ingested alcohols are rapidly and uniformly mixed. The densities of ethanol and methanol are both 0.79 g/cm3. Assume the KM values of LADH for ethanol and methanol to be 10-3 M and 10-2 M, respectively, and that Ki = KM for ethanol

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: The changes are the mL of methanol ingestion (30mL) and the proof of the whiskey (40% ethanol; 80 proof), and the percentage of reduction (1%). I applied the formulas from the last post in reference to this question but am completely lost. The formulas used last time were: 2. Formulas Applied alpha=1 + ([etOH]/KetOH) (V[meOH]/V[etOH])= (Vmax*[meOH]/KmeOH+[meOH])/(Vmax*[meOH]/alpha*KmeOH+[meOH]) which reduces to (V[meOH]/V[etOH])=(alpha*KmeOH+[meOH])/(KmeOH+[meOH]) 3. My attempt Molarity of methanol: 30mL; which equates to 23.7g of methanol; in 40L that is equal to 0.5925 g/L Dividing the molecular weight by 32.04g/mol I get 0.0184925 which is approximately 0.02M; Km is 0.01M Since the molar mass of methanol and ethanol are two fold, I can multiply the g/l by 4. However, unlike the previous problem, I cannot multiply by 2 because I do not have 50% EtOH, so because 40 is less than 50 I assume to multiply by 2.5 yielding: (30mL)(4)(2.5)=300mL 300mL of EtOH to effectively reduce the Methanol to 1%.


Related Questions

what makes up the cell menbrane

Answers

With few exceptions, cellular membranes — including plasma membranes and internal membranes — are made of glycerophospholipids, molecules composed of glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acid chains. Glycerol is a three-carbon molecule that functions as the backbone of these membrane lipids.

Explanation:

the principal components of plasma membrane are lipids phospholipid and cholesterol proteins and carbohydrates

A chunk of zinc is added to a solution of gold (III) nitrate to extract the gold. The reaction forms,

zinc nitrate and the precipitate gold.

Answers

Explanation:

Gold (AU)................

The heat of combustion of ethane is -337.0kcal at 25 degrees celsius. what is the heat of the reaction when 3g of ethane is burnt completely​

Answers

Answer:

Q = -33.6kcal .

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the equation for the calculation of the total heat of reaction when a fixed mass of a fuel like ethane is burnt, we can write:

[tex]Q=n*\Delta _cH[/tex]

Whereas n stands for the moles and the other term for the enthalpy of combustion. Thus, for the required total heat of reaction, we first compute the moles of ethane in 3 g as shown below:

[tex]n=3g*\frac{1mol}{30.08g}=0.1mol[/tex]

Next, we understand that -337.0kcal is the heat released by the combustion of 1 mole of ethane, therefore, to compute Q, we proceed as follows:

[tex]Q=0.1mol*-337.0\frac{kcal}{mol}\\\\Q=-33.6kcal[/tex]

Best regards!

how proved that carbon is present in sugar?​

Answers

In all living organisms, in substances like carbohydrate, starch, urea etc. To prove sugar contains carbon, take a little amount of sugar in spoon and heat it gently till it melts and turned into yellowish color. On further heating it changes into brown colored mass and then black, which is charcoal.

Answer: sugar treated with strong sulphur acid turns to black

Explanation: sulphur acid removes water from sugars and carbon is left in residue.

This should not to try at home. Water boils when high temperature is achieved.

Also smell of burned sugar occurs

what happens when ?? Fresh red flower is introduced into a vessel contain Sulphur dioxide along
with moisture.​

Answers

Answer:

Sulphur dioxide is a good reducing agent, hence it can easily decolourise substances in the presence of water. Therefore, when rose petals are placed in a jar containing sulphur dioxide, they get decolourised..!!

Hopefully u will satisfy with my answer..!!Please Mark on brainleast please..!!

A change resulting in one or more new substances being formed is a?

A. nuclear reaction
B.physical property
C. chemical change
D.physical change

Answers

Answer:

C. Chemical change

Explanation:

A physical change is where something is changed but it doesnt affect the build up of the chemical. For example, if you broke sticks and threw them on the ground, that would be a physical change because the change is happening to the physical being of the object and not its chemical buildup. However, if you lit those sticks on fire, that would be considered a chemical change because you end up with two substances, ash and the remnants of the stick. A nuclear reaction would result in something blowing up so its not that. And a physical property is like what it looks like or how it smells. Hope I helped you!

1L = 1000 mL

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / L of solution

Calculate the moles of NaCl required to prepare 250 mL of 1.5 M aqueous solution.

Answers

Answer:·  44 g NaCl Explanation: The problem provides you with the molarity and volume of the target

Explanation:

What is the pressure exerted by 2.5 mol of gas with a temperature of 25 Celsius and a volume of 12.2 L

Answers

Answer:

5.01 atm

Explanation:

To answer this question, we're going to use the PV=nRT equation, where in this case:

P = ?V = 12.2 Ln = 2.5 molR = 0.082 atm·L·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹T = 25 °C ⇒ 25 + 273.16 = 298.16 K

We input the data:

P * 12.2 L = 2.5 mol * 0.082 atm·L·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ * 298.16 K

And finally solve for P:

P = 5.01 atm

Please if you just want point TELL ME I can’t fail this.

Match the environmental stresses to what would happen in the chemical reaction. Think through the path from the carbon cycle - how CO2
CO2is removed from the atmosphere and stored in sinks and then how CO2
CO2is released from sinks and/or produced. Loss of carbon sinks, like trees

Decrease in shellfish due to overfishing

Decrease the number of farms

Increase in Earth's temperature

Decrease in number of cars burning gas

Answers

Answer:

here you go. I took the test :)

Explanation:

A chemical reaction causes the chemical compositions of substances to change.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

A chemical change is otherwise known as a chemical reaction. A chemical change is characterized by the formation of new substances, evolution of heat and change in chemical composition of substances. The change in the composition of substances during a chemical change is the result of the making and breaking of chemical bonds during a chemical change.

A chemical change is not easily reversible because it involves changes in chemical composition of substances.

An example of a chemical change is the combination of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid according to the reaction equation;

HCl(aq) + NaOH (aq) -----> NaCl(aq) + H2O (l)

We easily notice the change in the chemical composition of each of the substances involved in the reaction.

Which if the following numbers in your personal life are exact numbers?
A. Your cell phone number
B. Your weight
C. Your IQ
D. Your driver's license number
E. The distance you walked yesterday

Answers

Answer:

I think D

Explanation:

Your cell phone number and your driver's license number are the numbers of your personal life that are exact.

In this context, an exact number refers to a number that if it undergoes any modification will not refer to the same thing that it referred to before that modification.

For example, my phone number is 12345. This number is exact because it cannot be changed because or else it would cease to be my phone number, that is, if someone wants to call me and writes the number 12346 it is no longer my number.

Addicionally, if my driver's license number is 112233 it is an exact number because if it is modified it would be the number of another driver.

According to the above, options B, C, and E are incorrect because they are inaccurate numbers because if they are modified they all refer to me and they would not change their meaning.

Learn more in: https://brainly.com/question/17093923

This equation shows the combustion of methanol.

2CH2OH(1) +302(g) → 2C02(g) + 4H2O(g)

How many liters of carbon dioxide gas at STP are produced by the combustion of 64.0 g of methanol
(CH3OH)

A. 44.8L
B. 89.6 L
C. 11.2L. D. 22.4L

Answers

Answer: 44.8 L

Explination:

44.8 liters of carbon dioxide gas at STP are produced by the combustion of 64.0 g of methanol. Therefore, option A is correct.

What is combustion ?

Combustion is a chemical reaction between two or more substances, usually involving oxygen, that produces heat and light in the form of a flame.

Combustion is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction that occurs between a fuel and an oxidant, frequently atmospheric oxygen, to produce oxidized, often gaseous products in a mixture known as smoke.

The flash point of methanol is extremely low. This means that even trace amounts of ignition material can start a fire. 44.8 liters of carbon dioxide gas at STP are produced by the combustion of 64.0 g of methanol.

Thus, option A is correct.

To learn more about the combustion, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/15117038

#SPJ6

Describe how chemical reactions are affected by reaction conditions
of monction?

Answers

Answer:

hope his helps

Explanation:

Mention the factors affecting the rate of reaction

There are four main factors that can affect the reaction rate of a chemical reaction:

Reactant concentration. Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. ...

Physical state of the reactants and surface area. ...

Temperature. ...

Presence of a catalyst.

What type of solution would have a pOH of 7

Answers

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Answer: None of these, because it is a neutral solution

Explanation:

I hope this helped!

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Answer:

none of these

Explanation:

it should have a neutral solution

Calculate the pH at the equivalence point when 22.0 mL of 0.200 M hydroxylamine, HONH2, is titrated with 0.15 M HCl. (Kb for HONH2

Answers

Answer:

pH = 3.513

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, since this titration is carried out via the following neutralization reaction:

[tex]HONH_2+HCl\rightarrow HONH_3^+Cl^-[/tex]

We can see the 1:1 mole ratio of the acid to the base and also to the resulting acidic salt as it comes from the strong HCl and the weak hydroxylamine. Thus, we first compute the required volume of HCl as shown below:

[tex]V_{HCl}=\frac{22.0mL*0.200M}{0.15M}=29.3mL[/tex]

Now, we can see that the moles of acid, base and acidic salt are all:

[tex]0.0220L*0.200mol/L=0.0044mol[/tex]

And therefore the concentration of the salt at the equivalence point is:

[tex][HONH_3^+Cl^-]=\frac{0.0044mol}{0.022L+0.0293L} =0.0858M[/tex]

Next, for the calculation of the pH, we need to write the ionization of the weak part of the salt as it is able to form some hydroxylamine as it is the weak base:

[tex]HONH_3^++H_2O\rightleftharpoons H_3O^++HONH_2[/tex]

Whereas the equilibrium expression is:

[tex]Ka=\frac{[H_3O^+][HONH_2]}{[HONH_3^+]}[/tex]

Whereas Ka is computed by considering Kw and Kb of hydroxylamine:

[tex]Ka=\frac{Kw}{Kb}=\frac{1x10^{-14}}{9.10x10^{-9}} \\\\Ka=1.10x10^{-6}[/tex]

So we can write:

[tex]1.10x10^{-6}=\frac{x^2}{0.0858-x}[/tex]

And neglect the x on bottom to obtain:

[tex]1.10x10^{-6}=\frac{x^2}{0.0858}\\\\x=\sqrt{1.10x10^{-6}*0.0858}=3.07x10^{-4}M[/tex]

And since x=[H3O+] we obtain the following pH:

[tex]pH=-log(3.07x10^{-4})\\\\pH=3.513[/tex]

Regards!

pleaaaaase helppppppppppppp ASAP

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

a) The forward reaction is exothermic, hence when temperature is increased the equilibrium shift towards the reactants side to get rid of the excess energy. This will mean that more reactants are produced decreasing yield

b) There are a fewer number of moles of gas on the right side compared to the left side (Just count the coefficients before each compound) so a higher pressure will mean that the equilibrium will shift towards the products side in order to decrease the pressure. This will mean that more products are formed increasing yield

c) When something is powdered it's surface area to volume ratio increases. A higher surface area means that the particles around it have more area to work on so the frequency of collisions will increase increasing the rate of reaction. This is why iron is powdered.

ANSWERIT AND YOU WILL BE MARKED THE BRAINLIEST

Answers

Answer:

The answer is definitely D

Explanation:

The answer can be Between A and D

5. What types of surfaces would result in greater friction?

Answers

Answer:

Rough and irregular surface

these surfaces tends a lot of friction

but on smooth surface there is least friction

hope it helps

What is the mass percent of potassium sulfate in solution if 78g of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 500 mL of water? (The density of water is 1.00 g/mL)

Answers

Answer:

13.5 %

Explanation:

First we calculate the mass of 500 mL of water, using its density:

Volume * Density = Mass500 mL * 1.00 g/mL = 500 g

Then we calculate the mass percent of potassium sulfate, using the formula:

Mass of Potassium Sulfate / Total Mass * 100%

78 g / (78 + 500) g * 100 % = 13.5 %

explain what you would do expect caesium astatide to look like .will it be soluble in water ?explain your reasoning​

Answers

Answer:

it will not be soluble in water Becoz it can only be

separated by passing it through silver nitrate solution

Explanation:

i hope you understand

A sample of carbon dioxide gas at a pressure of 686 mm Hg and a temperature of 73 C, occupies a volume of 6.34 liters. If the gas is cooled at constant pressure to a temperature of 35 C, the volume of the gas sample will be ____________ L.

Answers

Recall the ideal gas law,

P V = n R T

Find the amount of CO₂ in the sample, n :

P = 686 mm Hg ≈ 91,459 Pa

V = 6.34 L

R = 8.3145 J/(mol•°K)

T = 73 °C = 346.2 °K

→   n = P V / (R T ) ≈ 0.20147 mol

Now find the volume V of the sample when the temperature T is 35 °C = 308.2 °K :

V = n R T / P ≈ 5.6349 L ≈ 5.63 L

The diagrams below show the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth.

Answers

Answer:A

Explanation: I learned it from a gizmo

How many calcium atoms are in 56.5 g of calcium?

Answers

Answer:

there are 8.501×10^23 atoms of Ca atoms

3.0L of a gas is at a temperature of 78c. Find the volume of the gas at standard temperature

Answers

Answer:

V=2.33361811192L or 2.3x10

Explanation:

Using Charles law V1/T1=V2/T2 Remember to convert celcius to kelvin by using the standard temperature 273.15K

3L/(78C+273.15)=V/273.15

Solubility is the mass in a given volume of a substance.
True
False

Answers

Answer: True

Explanation:

Would you rather wear
Socks in sandals or wear shoes without socks

Answers

Answer:

i always wear shoes without socks

Explanation:

A sugar solution is 15% pure. How
many grams of sugar are there in 550
grams of the solution?

Answers

Answer:

Amount of sugar in solution = 82.5 gram

Explanation:

Given:

Sugar in solution percentage = 15%

Total solution = 550 grams

Find:

Amount of sugar in solution

Computation:

Amount of sugar in solution = Sugar in solution percentage x Total solution

Amount of sugar in solution = 15% X 550

Amount of sugar in solution = 82.5 gram

Use the following balanced reaction to solve 1-3:
P4 (s) + 6H2 (g) → 4PH3 (g)


1. How many grams of Hydrogen gas (H2) will be needed to react with 20 grams of P4?

Answers

Answer:

1.96g H2

Explanation:

P4 = 123.9g/mol

H2 = 2.02g/mol

[tex]\frac{20g P_{4} }{1}[/tex] * [tex]\frac{1 mol P_{4} }{123.9g}[/tex] * [tex]\frac{6 mol H_{2} }{1 mol P_{4} }[/tex] * [tex]\frac{2.02g H_{2} }{1 mol H_{2} }[/tex] = 1.96g H2

A hot metal plate at 150°C has been placed in air at room temperature. Which event would most likely take place over the next few minutes?
Molecules in both the metal and the surrounding air will start moving at lower speeds.
Molecules in both the metal and the surrounding air will start moving at higher speeds.
The air molecules that are surrounding the metal will slow down, and the molecules in the metal will speed up.
The air molecules that are surrounding the metal will speed up, and the molecules in the metal will slow down.

Answers

Answer:

The air molecules that are surrounding the metal will speed up, and the molecules in the metal will slow down.

Explanation:

There will be a transfer of thermal energy (heat) from the hot metal plate to the surrounding air. This transfer of energy equates to a transfer of kinetic energy in the molecules. As the plate loses heat, the molecules in the plate will lose kinetic energy and slow down. As the surrounding air gains heat, the molecules will gain kinetic energy and speed up.

Answer: C

Explanation:

In this field of sunflowers variation exists some flowers are tall others short

Answers

Answer:

Some flowers are tall, others short, and finally some plants are an intermediate height. The tallest plants shade the shorter; the taller plants are

Explanation:

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