explain why hydrogen chloride does not conduct electricity, but a solution of hydrogen chloride and water conduct electricity

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Answer 1
The answer is… Ions are highly charged species that can readily conduct an electrical current. But hydrogen chloride the gas does not exist as ions since there is no solvent medium for them to dissolve into. Hope this helps!

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Inquiry Extension Consider a reaction that occurs between solid potassium and chlorine gas. If you start with an initial mass of 15.20 g K, and an initial mass of 2.830 g Cl2, calculate which reactant is limiting. Explain how to determine how much more of the limiting reactant would be needed to completely consume the excess reactant. Verify your explanation with an example

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The 3.13 g of K would be needed to completely react with the remaining [tex]Cl_2[/tex].

To determine which reactant is limiting, we need to calculate the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant and compare them. The reactant that produces less product is the limiting reactant, since the reaction cannot proceed further once it is consumed.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between solid potassium and chlorine gas is:

2 K(s) + [tex]Cl_2[/tex](g) -> 2 KCl(s)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of K react with 1 mole of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] to form 2 moles of KCl.

First, we need to convert the masses of K and [tex]Cl_2[/tex] into moles:

moles of K = 15.20 g / 39.10 g/mol = 0.388 mol

moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] = 2.830 g / 70.90 g/mol = 0.040 mol

Now, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the theoretical yield of KCl from each reactant:

Theoretical yield of KCl from K: 0.388 mol K x (2 mol KCl / 2 mol K) = 0.388 mol KCl

Theoretical yield of KCl from [tex]Cl_2[/tex]: 0.040 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex] x (2 mol KCl / 1 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex]) = 0.080 mol KCl

We can see that the theoretical yield of KCl from K is 0.388 mol, while the theoretical yield of KCl from [tex]Cl_2[/tex] is 0.080 mol. Therefore, the limiting reactant is [tex]Cl_2[/tex], since it produces less product.

To determine how much more of the limiting reactant would be needed to completely consume the excess reactant, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation.

We know that 1 mole of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] reacts with 2 moles of K to produce 2 moles of KCl. Therefore, the amount of additional K needed to react with the remaining [tex]Cl_2[/tex] can be calculated as follows:

moles of K needed = 0.040 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex] x (2 mol K / 1 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex])

                                = 0.080 mol K

This means that 0.080 moles of K would be needed to completely consume the remaining [tex]Cl_2[/tex]. We can convert this to a mass by multiplying by the molar mass of K:

mass of K needed = 0.080 mol K x 39.10 g/mol

                              = 3.13 g K

Therefore, The 3.13 g of K would be needed to completely react with the remaining.

Example verification:

Suppose we had an additional 0.50 g of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] in the reaction. Would all of the K be consumed, or would there still be excess K?

Moles of additional [tex]Cl_2[/tex] = mass of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] / molar mass of [tex]Cl_2[/tex]

Moles of additional [tex]Cl_2[/tex] = 0.50 g / 70.90 g/mol

Moles of additional [tex]Cl_2[/tex] = 0.0070 mol

The theoretical yield of KCl that can be formed from the additional [tex]Cl_2[/tex] is:

0.0070 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex] x (2 mol KCl / 1 mol [tex]Cl_2[/tex]) x (74.55 g KCl / 1 mol KCl) = 1.04 g KCl

Therefore, the total amount of KCl that can be formed from all of the [tex]Cl_2[/tex] is:

5.95 g + 1.04 g = 6.99 g

The amount of K that would be needed to completely consume all of the [tex]Cl_2[/tex].

Learn more about Solid Potassium at

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Cell membranes are selectively permeable. This means that A. only water can move freely across the cell membrane. B. any substance can move across the cell membrane, but chemical energy will always be required. C. some substances can move freely across the cell membrane, while others must be transported. D. no substances can move freely across the cell membrane.

Answers

Answer:

C. some substances can move freely across the cell membrane, while others must be transported.

Explanation:

The equivalence point of a titration corresponds to which of the following?
O the point where equal volumes of acid and base have been used
O Equivalence point is another term for end point
All of the listed options are true
Equivalence point is defined as the point where the pH indicator changes color
O the point where the acid and base have been added in proper stoichiometric amounts

Answers

Answer:

E: the point where the acid and base have been added in proper stoichiometric amounts

Explanation:

Equivalence point in titration is simply the point where the amounts of acid and base used just sufficiently reacts chemically to cause neutralization whereas the endpoint is the point where the indicator of the titration changes colour.

The Equivalence point occurs before the endpoint.

Thus, option E is correct.

A student weighs 0.347 g of KHP on a laboratory balance. The KHP was titrated with NaOH and the concentration of the NaOH determined to be 0.110 M. For the second titration, the student correctly diluted 6 M HCl from the reagent shelf using a graduated cylinder to obtain approximately 0.6 M HCl. This solution was titrated with the original NaOH solution. The student calculated the concentration of NaOH from the experiment to be 0.099 M. In which experiment should the student be more confident of the concentration of the NaOH solution

Answers

Answer:

Following are the solution to the given question:

Explanation:

Each method through KHP is somewhat more precise since we have weighed that requisite quantity, we exactly know the KHP intensity appropriately. Its initial 6 M HCl concentration was never considered mandatory. They have probably prepared 6 M HCl solution although long ago and could have changed its concentration over even a period.

In calorimetry, energy is measured through heat transfer from one substance to
another. Which of the following is NOT a method of heat transfer?

Answers

I think you forgot to add a picture?

Answer:

Refraction

Explanation:

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