Kp is the equilibrium constant for a reaction in terms of partial pressures. And Kp = 32.6 (8.314 J/mol·K)^(-4) (359+273)K.
While Kc is the equilibrium constant for a reaction in terms of concentrations. To convert between Kp and Kc, the ideal gas law must be used. The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Given the reaction,
3A(g)+3B(g)⇌C(g)
We can convert Kc to Kp by using the following relationship:
Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn)
where Δn is the change in the number of moles of gas between products and reactants.
In this case, Δn = 1 - (3+3) = -4,
Kp = 32.6 (8.314 J/mol·K)^(-4) (359+273)K
Kp value can be calculated by inserting the given values in above equation. It is important to note that the units of R and T must be consistent with the units used for Kc. In summary, to find Kp, we need to know Kc, the change in the number of moles of gas between products and reactants and the temperature in Kelvin.
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when is the best time to clean glassware during the lab session?
To prevent the buildup of difficult-to-remove residue, immediately wash glassware in hot water or a glassware washer after using it. If washing glassware right after after use isn't possible, Corning advises soaking it in water.
Scrub the interior of curved glassware with warm tap water and a brush dipped in soapy water. You can flush the sink with this waste water. To avoid severe water stains, remove soap suds with deionized water. Pouring the DI water rinse through clean glassware should result in a smooth sheet. deliver precise outcomes. Both a dirty lab and erroneous results are hazardous. Lab equipment, particularly glassware, needs to be cleaned after each usage. The outcomes of laboratory studies can be changed by leftovers from earlier experiments, dampness, or even dust particles.
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carbon dioxide is sold in steel cylinders under a pressure of approximately 20 atm. is there liquid co2 in the cylinder at the following temperatures? if not, what phase(s) is present?
Under pressure, gaseous CO2 can liquefy as long as its temperature is below the critical point, which is 31 °C (87,8 °F). A colorless fluid with roughly the same density as water is created when a substance is squeezed and chilled below the critical point.
What is CO2?When two oxygen atoms are fused with one carbon atom, the result is carbon dioxide. It is commonly referred to by its chemical formula, CO2, rather than by its name because it is almost as well-known as the chemical formula for water, H2O.Carbon dioxide serves as the link in the natural food chain that keeps plant and animal life mutually dependent. This gas, which is necessary for plants to survive, is released every time humans breathe. The separation of carbon from oxygen by photosynthesis occurs in plants. Our bodies require pure oxygen to survive, which is released by plants. By reversing the process, we create carbon dioxide once more by fusing oxygen with the carbon from the food we eat.The atmosphere of the planet contains 0.03 percent of CO2, an inert, colorless gas that is 1 1/2 times heavier than air. It lacks smell, tastes like sweet soda water, and is quite stable (difficult to separate).By burning fuels with a high carbon content, a frequent process, it is created in different amounts. The most prevalent fuel for combustion is oil, which, when combined with the right amount of air, burns to produce 15% or less CO2 in the flue gases of a CO2 plant. After combustion, the CO2 can be extracted from the exhaust gases and made available for the various industrial uses to which it can be put. This can be done by a straightforward procedure.Three types of CO2 are possible:- as gaseous materials: for the food and beverage sectors
- liquid: in a pressure-containing storage tank
- as dry ice when it is solid (for cooling, blasting etc.).
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Chemistry Qurstion attached
The number of moles of the oxygen that have been produced is 51.9 moles.
What mass of the oxygen can be obtained?We know that we can be able to use the stoichiometry of the reaction to be able to obtain the reactants and the products of the reaction. In this case we have the decomposition of the aluminum oxide.
We know that;
Number of moles of the aluminum oxide = 34.6 moles
If 2 moles of the aluminum oxide produces 3 moles of oxygen
34.6 moles of the aluminum oxide would produce
34.6 * 3/2
= 51.9 moles
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A substance decomposes with a rate constant of 9. 05 x 10-45-1. How
long does it take for 13. 0% of the substance to decompose?
The chemical must break down within 283 seconds.
The fact that the rate constant "k" is expressed in units of "s1" indicates that the reaction is a first-order one.
We also have the following for the first-order process from chemical kinetics:
equation is in attached image
Where,
K is the reaction's rate constant.
R0 = starting reactant concentration
R=remaining reactant concentration at time t.
t is the length of time needed for the change to take place.
Considering the query we have,
[tex]K=\frac{2.303}{t} log \frac{R_{0}}{R}\\K=9.05 {*} 10^{-4}S^{-1}[/tex]
R₀=100g
R=100-13=87g
By changing the necessary variables in equation (1), we obtain;
[tex]t=\frac{2.303} k *log \frac{100}{87}\\\\\\t=\frac{2.303}{9.05*10^{-4}} (log100-log87)\\\\t=\frac{2.303} {9.05*10^{-4}} *1.113\\\\t=\frac{2.563}{9.05}*10^{4} sec\\\\t=0.283*10^{4} sec\\\\t=283sec[/tex]
Therefore, 283 seconds are needed for the chemical to break down.
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Can anyone please help I have an answer but I think it is wrong.
There are 22. 73 dag (decagrams) of C6H18O3 available.
a. How many moles of C6H18O3?
b. How many grams of CO2 can form?
The number of moles of C6H18O3 that can be formed is 2 and 264grams of CO2 can be formed from C6H18O3.
Given the substance C6H18O3
Mass of C6H18O3 available (m) = 22.73decagrams = 227.3g
Molar mass of C6H18O3 (M) = 131.28g/mol
We know that number of moles is taken as = mass of substance/Molar mass of that substance
So, number if moles of C6H18O3 = 227.3/138.21 = 1.72
From the reaction: C6H18O3 + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 9H2O
We can see that for every 1 mole of C6H18O3 6 moles of CO2 is formed.
So the mass of CO2(carbon dioxide) used is calculated as:
mass = moles of CO2 x Molar mass of CO2
Molar mass of CO2 = 44g/mol
mass of CO2 = 6 x 44 = 264g
Hence the required mass of CO2 is 264g
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based on your theoretical yield, what is the percent yield of ammonia if only 8.33 grams of ammonia is produced?
The percent yield of ammonia would be 83.3%.
The percent yield of ammonia is calculated by dividing the actual yield (8.33 g) by the theoretical yield (10 g) and multiplying by 100. The result is 83.3%, which is the percent yield.The percent yield of ammonia is a measure of efficiency for a reaction, calculated by dividing the actual yield of the product by the theoretical yield of the product, and multiplying the result by 100. In this case, the actual yield of ammonia was 8.33 grams, while the theoretical yield was 10 grams. By dividing 8.33 by 10 and multiplying by 100, the percent yield of ammonia was determined to be 83.3%. This indicates that the reaction was 83.3% efficient, with the remaining 16.7% unaccounted for.
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answer the questions below about the highlighted atom in this lewis structure: in how many sigma bonds does the highlighted atom participate? in how many pi bonds does the highlighted atom participate? what is the orbital hybridization of the highlighted atom?
Nitrogen has one sigma bond, 2 pi bonds, and one lone pair. So, its steric number is also sp and its hybridization is sp.
To find the hybridization of any atom, we need to find its steric number. Steric number is the sum of sigma bonds formed by that molecule (or the number of atoms directly attached to the atom) and the number of lone pair of electrons present on that atom.Except for the carbon forming triple bond with nitrogen, all other carbons in diagram have 4 sigma bonds, and 0 pi bond, and arego through the given link below to know more about hybridization:-
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Here are some last minute questions I need help with!
The compound that has the molecular formula C₆H₁₀O₅ is the polymer molecule cellulose.
What is a Lewis structure?The electrons of the atoms bound together in a compound are represented using a Lewis structure. Between the two bound atoms, electrons are depicted as either dots or lines. The position of the various elements and the type of the relationship is revealed by the structure.
Lewis dot structures also show lone pairs and electron bond pairs.
The given compound whose formula is C₆H₁₀O₅ has a six-membered ring and is cellulose. It is a polymer of glucose. The monomer glucose unit is linked to each other by glycosidic bonds with the elimination of a water molecule.
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A reaction produces 88. 5 mol H2. What would the volume of this much Hą be at STP? 2 points Vour answer
A process yields 88. 5 mol H2. 88.5 moles of H2 at STP have a volume of 24,564.8 L (24.564 m3). A system's volume is a crucial and detailed parameter for defining its thermodynamic state.
The Ideal Gas Law, which says that PV = nRT, may be used to determine the volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. The temperature and pressure are both equal to 1 atm at STP (273.15 K).
Therefore, we can apply the following calculation to get the volume of 88.5 moles of H2 at STP:
V = nRT / P
V is equal to (88.5 mol) x (8.314 J/mol K) x (273.15 K) /. (1 atm)
V = 24,564.8 L
Therefore, at STP, 88.5 moles of H2 have a volume of 24,564.8 L (24.564 m3).
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What types of mixtures could be separated by decanting? Is laboratory equipment necessary
for decanting a mixture? Why or why not?
Answer:
Decanting can separate solid-liquid mixtures or mixtures of two immiscible liquids.
Laboratory equipment is not needed to decant a mixture because one liquid is denser than the other liquid so they separate naturally
Explanation:
Decanting can separate solid-liquid mixtures or mixtures of two immiscible liquids.
This is because decanting involves carefully pouring of a liquid from one container to another and as such, it can be used to separate immiscible liquids such as oil and water.
what is the maximum mass of aluminum chloride that can be formed when reacting 32.0 g of aluminum with 37.0 g of chlorine?
The amount of AlCl3 that may be created from 22.0g of Al is shown by this equation.
22.0g Al multiplied by (1 mol Al/26.98g) by (2 mol AlCl3/2mol Al) by (133.34 g/1mol AlCl3) results in 108.66g AlCl3.
This equation illustrates the amount of AlCl3 that may be created from 27.0g of Cl2.
33.87g AlCl3 is obtained by multiplying 27.0g Cl2 by (1 mol Cl2/70.91g) x (2mol AlCl3/3 mol Cl2) x 133.34g.
This demonstrates that the limiting reactant is chlorine. The maximum amount of AlCl3 that can be created before the chlorine runs out is 33.87 grams.
The solution, using significant digits, is 33.8g of AlCl3.
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(a) what factors determine whether a collision between two molecules will lead to a chemical reaction? (b) ac- cording to the collision model, why does temperature affect the value of the rate constant?
The collision's energy and the way the molecules are positioned at the time of contact. The molecules move faster and possess more KE at extremely high temperatures. Consequently, there are more collisions.
What happens when reaction happens?one or more new elements are formed as a result of the reorganization of the atoms or molecules of two substances when come into contact. Electrons of one material interact with some of those of another to produce chemical reactions.
What is an example of a chemical reaction?Reactants participate in a chemical reaction and turn into byproducts through a chemical change in a chemical reaction. Inhaling oxygen, by instance, results in the creation of atmospheric co2, water, and energy when combined with glucose.
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in this reaction, if a total of 10.0 g of zinc and hydrochloric acid react completely, what is the total mass of the products produced? zn(s) 2hcl(aq) zncl2(aq) h2(g) select one: a. exactly 10.0 g b. greater than 10.0 g c. less than 10.0 g d. not enough information to tell
The total mass of the products is 21.004 g. The correct option is C.
Observe the balanced equation and use the mol ratios to determine the mols of product (zinc chloride) and hydrogen (hydrogen) produced. Then use the molar mass of zinc chloride and hydrogen to convert mols to grams.
The balanced chemical reaction is given as,
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
10.0 g Zn x 1 mol Zn / 65.4 g = 0.152 mols of Zn
0.152 mols Zn x 1 mol ZnCl₂ / 1 mol Zn = 0.152 mols ZnCl₂ produced
Convert the mass of zinc chloride into mass.
0.152 mols ZnCl₂ x 136 g / mol = 20.7 g ZnCl₂ produced
0.152 mols Zn x 1 mol H2 / mol Zn = 0.152 mols H₂
Convert the mass of hydrogen into mass.
0.152 mols H₂ x 2 g / mol = 0.304 g H₂ produced
Total mass of the products is 20.7 + 0.304 = 21.004 g
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Answer:
B. greater than 10.0 g
How many hydrogen bonds can C2H5OH make
2H5OH, also known as ethanol, is capable of forming hydrogen bonds. The ethanol molecule has a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom on the carbon atom. The hydroxyl group can act as an electron donor and form hydrogen bonds with other electron-accepting groups such as nitrogen and oxygen atoms. The hydrogen atom can also act as an electron acceptor and form hydrogen bonds with electron-donating groups such as nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
In ethanol, the hydroxyl group is capable of forming one hydrogen bond with another molecule. In addition to that, the hydrogen atom on the carbon atom can form a hydrogen bond as well, So in total, C2H5OH can form 2 hydrogen bonds.
a chemist wants to make 5.0 moles of (nh4)3po4 in a formation reaction starting with the constituent elements. how many moles of hydrogen gas are needed
A chemist wants to make the 5.0 moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄ in the formation of the reaction starting with the constituent elements. The moles of hydrogen gas are needed is 60 moles.
The chemical name of the compound is (NH₄)₃PO₄ is ammonium phosphate.
1 mole of (NH₄)₃PO₄ requires the 12 moles of the hydrogen
1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms / molecules , this is Avogadro's constant
1 mole of (NH₄)₃PO₄ = 12 moles of the hydrogen
5 moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄ = 5 × 12 moles of the hydrogen
5 moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄ = 60 moles of the hydrogen .
Thus, the moles of hydrogen is 60 moles.
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Pls help:)! Non polar molecules have what type of intermolecular forces?
Answer:
In Explanation
Explanation:
Nonpolar molecules have London Dispersion forces as their only intermolecular force. London Dispersion forces are weak attractive forces that exist between all types of atoms and molecules, including nonpolar ones. These forces are caused by the temporary redistribution of electrons within the molecule, which creates temporary dipoles (uneven distribution of electrons) that can attract other nearby molecules. London Dispersion forces are relatively weak compared to other types of intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions, but they can still have a significant effect on the properties of nonpolar molecules, such as their boiling and melting points.
(Please give brainlist)
Answer: Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces
Fuerzas de dipolo inducidas por dipolo
Explanation:
These occur between a polar molecule and a nonpolar molecule, and thus must describe solutions. The polar molecule with a permanent dipole induces a dipole moment in the non-polar molecule. The more polarizable the nonpolar molecule, the easier it is to induce a dipole, and so the greater the interaction.
Espanol:
Estos ocurren entre una molécula polar y una molécula no polar y, por lo tanto, deben describir soluciones. La molécula polar con un dipolo permanente induce un momento dipolar en la molécula no polar. Cuanto más polarizable es la molécula no polar, más fácil es inducir un dipolo y, por lo tanto, mayor es la interacción.
Do my science project for me pls
I would do it myself but I don't have the materials to do it :(
Answer: Okay, what do you have todo? And what do you need todo it?
Explanation: I'll do it for you.
3. If Earth's glaciers were to melt, what would be the most likely effect Florida?
A. coastal flooding
B. till deposition
C. increased acid rain
D. an out wash plain
please answer!!
Answer:
An out wash plain
Explanation:
"Well if glaciers were to most likley melt wit would have a big affect on the world. But on Florida the affect would be as everybody would expect, a flash flood, with high water's and everything under water. AND there would most lilkley be something in the glacier. Not highly sure about it though"
Answer: A. coastal flooding. If Earth's glaciers were to melt, it would cause sea levels to rise, which would lead to coastal flooding in Florida and other low-lying coastal areas.
use the modified arrhenius theory to write an equation and determine if Ba(OH)2 is an acid or base
It is a base because in solution it produces two hydroxide anions.
What is Arrhenius theory?The Arrhenius theory, proposed in 1887 by the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius, states that acids dissociate in water to produce electrically charged atoms or molecules known as ions, one of which is a hydrogen ion (H+), and that bases ionize in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH). Acid, according to the Arrhenius theory, is a substance that releases H+ ions when dissolved in aqueous solution. The concentration of H+ ions in the solution rises. The base is a substance that, when dissolved in aqueous solution, ionizes the OH- ion.
Here,
The same logic holds true for the reaction of sulfuric acid and barium hydroxide. This reaction involves an Arrhenius acid, which generates two hydrogen cations in solution, and an Arrhenius base, which generates two hydroxide anions in solution.
It is a base as it generates two hydroxide anions in solution.
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write the balance molecular and net ionic equationf for the reaction between almunimum metal and silver nitrate. identify the oxidation and reduction half-reactions
The balanced chemical reaction is Al + 3AgNO3 → Al (NO3)3 + 3Ag.
A balanced chemical equation though has the identical number of atoms from every type inside the reaction on both the reactant chemical equation output sides. In a balanced chemical equation, both the mass and the change were equal.
An organic organization may adjust to changes in its surroundings very easily. It is distinguished by low complexity, low centralization, as well as low formalization. A mechanistic organization, on the other hand, is distinguished by great complexity, high centralization, as well as high formalization.
Thus, the balanced chemical reaction will be Al + 3AgNO3 → Al (NO3)3 + 3Ag.
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At 598 K the rate constant for the decomposition of NO₂ is 0. 750 M⁻¹s⁻¹. When the temperature is raised to 751 K the rate constant is 19. 7 M⁻¹s⁻¹. What is activation energy (Ea) for this reaction, expressed as kJ/mol? Enter just a number with 3 significant digits in "kJ/mol"
The activation energy (Ea) for this reaction is 34.7kJ when the rate constant for the decomposition of NO₂ is 0.750M⁻¹s⁻¹ at 598K and the rate constant at 751K is 19.7 M⁻¹s⁻¹.
Given the initial temperature (t1) = 598K
The first rate constant (k1) = 0. 750 M⁻¹s⁻¹
The final temperature (t2) = 751k
The second rate constant (k2) = 19.7 M⁻¹s⁻¹
Rate constants are related to temperature and activation energy by the Arrhenius equation as: ki = Ae^-(Ea/RTi) where A is the pre-exponential factor, R is the universal gas constant = 8.314472 J/mol.K, T is the temperature, Ea is the activation energy and K is rate constant. The activation energy for a given reaction is not affected by temperature.
So, k2/k1 = Ae^-(Ea/RT2)/Ae^-(Ea/RT1)
log(k2/k1) = -Ea/R[1/T2 - 1/T1]
log(19.7 / 0.750) = -Ea/8.314[1/751 - 1/598]
log(26.26) = -Ea/8.314[-0.00034]
1.419 x 8.314 = 0.00034Ea
Ea = 11.8/0.00034 = 34705.93 = 34.7kJ
Hence the required activation energy (Ea) is 34.7kJ
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Please help Quick ASAP Hurry Chemistry
To drill or not to drill? That is the big question as Americans face climbing gas prices. A group of research scientists employed by Mobil Oil conducted a study on the feasibility of drilling for oil off the coast of California. They researched the impact of oil drilling on near-by ecosystems and investigated the likelihood of future oil spills. According to their data, coastal California would be an excellent location to drill for oil. Based on historical data, there is a very small chance of future oil spills.
According to this passage, research scientists concluded coastal California would be an excellent location to drill for oil. This conclusion is most likely based on
A. the declining populations in coastal areas.
B. possible job creations due to the new project.
C. the climbing gas price along with the need of gas supply.
D. historical data revealing little or no chance of an oil spill.
This conclusion that coastal California would be an excellent location to drill for oil is most likely based on:
D. Historical data revealing little or no chance of an oil spill.
How was the conclusion reached?The conclusion that coastal California will be ideal for oil drilling is based on the historical data that was examined by the analysts. This is a very good way of making environmental and business decisions.
If past data shows that a given trend or pattern is evident, then, intentional businesses should be able to base their findings on these.
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why do scientists measure levels of dissolved oxygen in water?
All aquatic life uses dissolved oxygen in surface water, hence this element is frequently analyzed to determine the "health" of lakes and streams. Both groundwater discharge and atmospheric oxygen enter streams.
The amount of oxygen that is dissolved in the water, or the amount of oxygen that is available to living aquatic organisms, is measured by the term "dissolved oxygen" (DO). We can learn a lot about the water quality of a stream or lake by measuring the amount of dissolved oxygen present.For many years, the USGS has been measuring water. No matter where in the United States the water is being researched, some measures are virtually always made, including temperature, pH, and specific conductance. Dissolved oxygen (DO), a measurement of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water, is another often used indicator that can reveal a lot about the measuement of (water quality).
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how is it that atoms with more electrons, more to the right, can be smaller than those with fewer electrons, on the left side?
The atomic size is determined by the interaction of these two factors, the amount of protons and the shielding effect.
What are electrons?The subatomic particles known as electrons orbit the atomic nucleus of an atom and are negatively charged. They are one of the basic building blocks of matter.
The atomic radius, also known as the separation between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, determines the size of an atom.
The number of protons in the nucleus, which defines the atomic number and, consequently, the number of electrons in the atom, as well as the electrons' energy level, are two parameters that have an impact on the atomic radius.
Because more electrons will occupy higher energy levels farther from the nucleus as the number of electrons grows, atoms with more electrons will typically have a bigger atomic radius than atoms with fewer electrons.
However, the amount of protons in the nucleus rises as you move across a period (left to right) in the periodic table, which intensifies the attraction of electrons to the nucleus. The atomic radius decreases as a result of the electrons moving in closer proximity to the nucleus.
Furthermore, as the number of electrons in an atom rises, the shielding effect of inner electrons rises as well. As a result, the outer electron will experience a reduced nuclear charge, which causes the electron to be further away from the nucleus and enlarges the atom.
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Copper has a density of
8.96 g/cm³. If it has a
volume 30.5 mL, what is
the copper's mass?
Mass may be calculated by multiplying density by volume if you already know the density and the volume.
How much substance is present in a material for each unit of volume is known as the density of an item. As a result, the following formula may be used to determine how an object's mass, m, density, ρ, and volume, V are connected.
ρ = m/V
where ρ=8.96 and V=30.5 and m=copper's mass
By entering these values into the equation above, we obtain
8.96 = m/30.5
Cross multiplying results in
m = 8.96x30.5
m = 273.28 g
Consequently, mass of copper is 273.28 g
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two liquids are poured in a container and mixed. a solid forms and settled to the bottom of the container. what can you conclude?
When two liquids are poured in a container and mixed, the solid that is formed and settles to the bottom of the container is called a precipitate.
Precipitates formed in a chemical reaction are the solid products of the reaction. They are insoluble in nature and exists as ionic solids. They are so formed by the combination of cations and anions when two different liquids are poured together.
Not all aqueous solution mixtures form precipitates. The extent of precipitation depends on certain factors such as temperature, concentration of solution and buffer solutions used.
The precipitates settle at the bottom of the aqueous solution.
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a tank at is filled with of sulfur hexafluoride gas and of dinitrogen difluoride gas. you can assume both gases behave as ideal gases under these conditions. calculate the mole fraction and partial pressure of each gas, and the total pressure in the tank. be sure your answers have the correct number of significant digits.
The mole fraction, the partial pressure of SF6, the mole fraction of N2F2, the partial pressure of SF6, the partial pressure of N2F2, and the total pressure in the tank are all 0.62, 1.18, and 0.72 atm, respectively.
We must first determine how many moles of each gas are present in the tank in order to calculate their mole fraction and partial pressure. You can use the equation 8.5 / (8.5 + 5.2) = 0.62 if the tank is filled with 8.5 moles of sulfur hexafluoride gas and 5.2 moles of dinitrogen difluoride gas.
Nitrous oxide mole fraction is calculated as follows: (moles of N2F2) / (moles of total both gases) = 5.2 / (8.5 + 5.2) = 0.38.
The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, can be used to determine the tank's overall pressure. The total pressure in the tank can be calculated using the volume of the tank and the number of moles of each gas, assuming a constant temperature.
The formula below to determine the temperature and tank volume if the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius and the tank has a volume of 12 liters.
(Total Pressure) = (8.314 J/mol × K)(298 K) / (12L) (Total Moles).
Approximately is the total tank pressure.
Nine atmospheres.
Then: when considering SF6 partial pressure.
1.18 atm is equal to (0.62) × 1.9 atm.
N2F2 has the following partial pressure:
0.38 and 1.9 atm equals 72 atm.
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why is 2-chloro 2-methylbutane is more stable
The more stable secondary alkyl radical is easier to create, hence 2 chlorobutane is created quicker than 1 chlorobutane.
What is stability?Chemical stability in chemistry refers to a chemical system's thermodynamic stability.
When a system is in its lowest energy state or in chemical equilibrium with its surroundings, thermodynamic stability occurs.
In this case, the primary alkyl halide is 1-chlorobutane, while the secondary halide is 2-chlorobutane.
As a result, the SN1 reaction will occur in the 2-chlorobutane more quickly than the 1-chlorobutane.
Since it is simpler to produce the more stable secondary alkyl radical, 2 chlorobutane is produced more quickly than 1 chlorobutane.
Thus, 2-chloro 2-methylbutane is more stable.
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Calculate the volume in mL of a 1.420 M NaOH solution required to titrate the following solutions:
(a) 25.00 mL of a 2.430 M HCI solution
(b) 25.00 mL of a 4.500 M H2SO4 solution
(c) 25.00 mL of a 1.500 M H3PO4 solution
Neutralizing each mole of [tex]$\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$[/tex] will therefore, take three moles of NaOH.
How do you calculate volume needed to titrate?Put the titration formula to use. The formula is molarity (M) of the acid x volume (V) of the acid = molarity (M) of the base x volume (V) of the base if the mole ratio between the titrant and analyte is 1:1. The number of moles of solute per litre of solution is how a solution's concentration, or molarity, is stated.
1M = 1 mol L
[tex]$34.55 \mathrm{~mL}=\frac{34.55}{1000}=0.03455 \mathrm{~L}$[/tex]
n = cV = 0.03455 × 1.500 = 0.05183 mol.
[tex]$\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$[/tex] exists inorganic. All three of its H atoms required to neutralized. It takes one [tex]$\mathrm{OH}^{-}$[/tex]to neutralize each H from [tex]$\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$[/tex]. Each formula unit of NaOH will provide one [tex]$\mathrm{OH}^{-}$[/tex]ion. Neutralizing each mole of [tex]$\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$[/tex] will therefore, take three moles of NaOH
[tex]$n(\mathrm{NaOH})=3 n\left(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4\right)=3 \times 0.05183=0.1555 \mathrm{~mol} \text {. }$$[/tex]
[tex]$V=\frac{n}{c}=\frac{0.1555}{1.420}=0.1095 \mathrm{~L}=0.1095 \times 10^3 \mathrm{~mL}=109.5 \mathrm{~mL} \text {. }$$[/tex]
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