Given X and Y are two events and P(Y) = 1/3, P(X[Y) = 2/5{ and P(Y|X)=1/3 (a) Determine with reason whether (i) events X and Y are independent (ii) events X and Y are mutually exclusive event (b) Find (i) P(X)
(ii) P (X u Y)
(iii) p (X[Y)

The probability that a person owns a Chevy, given that the truck has four-wheel drive, can be found using conditional probability. The formula for conditional probability is: P(A | B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B)

To determine the probability that the person owns a Chevy given that the truck has four-wheel drive, we need to use Bayes' Theorem. Let A be the event that the person owns a Chevy and B be the event that the truck has four-wheel drive.

Bayes' Theorem states that:

P(A | B) = P(B | A) * P(A) / P(B)

- P(A | B) is the probability that the person owns a Chevy given that the truck has four-wheel drive (what we want to find).
- P(B | A) is the probability that the truck has four-wheel drive given that the person owns a Chevy. This information is not given, so we cannot determine this probability directly.
- P(A) is the prior probability that the person owns a Chevy (i.e., the probability before we know anything about the truck). This information is also not given, so we cannot determine this probability directly.
- P(B) is the probability that the truck has four-wheel drive.

Without any additional information, we cannot calculate P(A) or P(B | A). However, we can make some assumptions to simplify the problem. Let's assume that:

- There are only two brands of trucks: Chevy and Ford.
- Each brand is equally likely to have four-wheel drive.
- The person is equally likely to own a Chevy or a Ford.

Under these assumptions, we can calculate P(B) as follows:

P(B) = P(B | A) * P(A) + P(B | not A) * P(not A)
    = 0.5 * 0.5 + 0.5 * 0.5
    = 0.5

Here, P(B | not A) is the probability that the truck has four-wheel drive given that the person does not own a Chevy. Since there are only two brands of trucks and each is equally likely, P(B | not A) = 0.5. P(not A) is the probability that the person does not own a Chevy, which is also 0.5 under our assumptions.

Now we can use Bayes' Theorem to calculate P(A | B):

P(A | B) = P(B | A) * P(A) / P(B)
        = P(B | A) * P(A) / (P(B | A) * P(A) + P(B | not A) * P(not A))
        = P(B | A) * P(A) / 0.5

We still don't know P(A) or P(B | A), but we can see that they cancel out in the equation. Therefore, under our assumptions, the probability that the person owns a Chevy given that the truck has four-wheel drive is simply the probability that the person owns a Chevy:

P(A | B) = P(A) = 0.5

So if we assume that Chevy and Ford are equally likely to have four-wheel drive, and the person is equally likely to own a Chevy or a Ford, then the probability that the person owns a Chevy given that the truck has four-wheel drive is 0.5.

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Answer:

3.8

Step-by-step explanation:

The depth of the ocean is 650 feets at the bottom of the sunlight zone.

The distance travelled by echo sound is given by the formula -

Speed = 2×distance/time

So, calculating the speed of sound from the formula using distance and time

Speed = 2×25/(1/100)

Speed = 50×1000

Speed of sound = 5000 feet/second

Now, calculating the distance or depth of ocean at the bottom of the sunlight zone -

Distance = (speed×time)/2

Distance = (5000×26/100)/2

Distance = 1300/2

Distance = 650 feets

Hence, the depth of ocean is 650 feets.

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The complex fourth roots of 3−33i are: [tex]z_0[/tex] = 3.062[tex]e^{(-21.603)}[/tex], [tex]z_1[/tex] = 1.513[tex]e^{(22.247)}[/tex], [tex]z_2[/tex] = 0.3826[tex]e^{(22.247)}[/tex] and [tex]z_3[/tex] = 1.198[tex]e^{(76.247)}[/tex].

To find the complex fourth roots of 3-33i, we can use the polar form of the complex number:

3-33i = 33∠(-86.41)

Then, the nth roots of this complex number are given by:

[tex]z_k[/tex] = [tex]33^{(1/n)}[/tex] × ∠((-86.41 + 360k)/n) for k = 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1

For n = 4, we have:

[tex]z_0[/tex] = [tex]33^{(1/4)}[/tex] × ∠(-86.41/4) ≈ 3.062∠(-21.603°)

[tex]z_1[/tex] = [tex]33^{(1/4)}[/tex] × ∠(88.99/4) ≈ 1.513∠(22.247°)

[tex]z_2[/tex] = [tex]33^{(1/4)}[/tex] × ∠(196.99/4) ≈ 0.3826∠(49.247°)

[tex]z_3[/tex] = [tex]33^{(1/4)}[/tex] × ∠(304.99/4) ≈ 1.198∠(76.247)

So the complex fourth roots of 3-33i are approximate:

[tex]z_0[/tex] = 3.062[tex]e^{(-21.603)}[/tex]

[tex]z_1[/tex] = 1.513[tex]e^{(22.247)}[/tex]

[tex]z_2[/tex] = 0.3826[tex]e^{(22.247)}[/tex]

[tex]z_3[/tex] = 1.198[tex]e^{(76.247)}[/tex]

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There are 59,049 possible 5-digit PINs where adjacent digits cannot be identical, and you are permitted to use digits 0-9.

To determine the number of possible 5-digit PINs where adjacent digits cannot be identical and using the digits 0-9, follow these steps:

Step 1: Consider the first digit. Since there are no restrictions, you have 10 choices (0-9).

Step 2: For the second digit, you can't have it identical to the first digit. Therefore, you have 9 choices left.

Step 3: For the third digit, it can't be identical to the second digit. So, you again have 9 choices.

Step 4: Similarly, for the fourth digit, you have 9 choices.

Step 5: Finally, for the fifth digit, you have 9 choices.

Now, multiply the choices for each digit together: 10 × 9 × 9 × 9 × 9 = 59,049.

So, there are 59,049 possible 5-digit PINs where adjacent digits cannot be identical, and you are permitted to use digits 0-9.

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δ²f/δx² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7x^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δy² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7y^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δz² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2

To show that the function f(x,y,z) = (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-1/6) satisfies the three-dimensional Laplace equation, we need to calculate its second-order partial derivatives with respect to x, y, and z and verify that their sum is zero:

δ²f/δx² = δ/δx (δf/δx) = δ/δx [-1/6 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * 2x]

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7x^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δy² = δ/δy (δf/δy) = δ/δy [-1/6 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * 2y]

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7y^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δz² = δ/δz (δf/δz) = δ/δz [-1/6 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * 2z]

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7z^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

Now we can verify that their sum is indeed zero:

δ²f/δx² + δ²f/δy² + δ²f/δz²

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * [(1 - 7x^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)) + (1 - 7y^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)) + (1 - 7z^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))]

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * [3 - 7(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)]

= 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * [-4]

= 0

Therefore, the function f(x,y,z) = (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-1/6) satisfies the three-dimensional Laplace equation.

To find the second-order partial derivatives of f(x,y,z) with respect to x, y, and z, we can use the expressions derived earlier:

δ²f/δx² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7x^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δy² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)^(-7/6) * (1 - 7y^2/(x^2 + y^2 + z^2))

δ²f/δz² = 1/3 (x^2 + y^2 + z^2

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The researcher's fixed effects regression can provide reliable estimates of the effects of age, education, union status, and previous year's earnings on earnings if the data is accurate, the model accounts for unobservable individual characteristics, and there is no endogeneity issue between the regressors and earnings.

A fixed effects regression can provide reliable estimates of the effects of the regressors (age, education, union status, and previous year's earnings) on earnings if the following conditions are met:

1. The regressors are accurately measured, and there is enough variation in the data to capture their effects on earnings.
2. The fixed effects model accounts for all unobservable, time-invariant individual characteristics that may affect earnings. This helps control for omitted variable bias, which could otherwise lead to biased estimates.
3. There is no issue of endogeneity, such as reverse causality or simultaneity, between the regressors and the dependent variable (earnings). If this condition is not met, the estimates will be biased and inconsistent.

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If we generate a large number of random points within the square, we can estimate the value of pi by counting the number of points that fall within the circle and dividing by the total number of points generated, then multiplying by 4. This is known as the Monte Carlo method for estimating pi.

To generate a random point within the square and check if it falls within the circle, follow these steps:

1. Generate random x and y coordinates: Choose a random number between 0 and 1 for both x and y coordinates. This can be done using a random number generator in programming languages, like Python or JavaScript.

To generate a random point in a square with vertices (0,0), (0,1), (1,0), (1,1), we need to randomly generate two coordinates, one for the x-axis and one for the y-axis. The x-coordinate must fall between 0 and 1, while the y-coordinate must also fall between 0 and 1. This can be done using a random number generator.

2. Calculate the distance from the origin: Use the distance formula to find the distance between the random point (x,y) and the origin (0,0). The formula is:

  Distance = √((x-0)² + (y-0)²) = √(x² + y²)
If this distance is less than or equal to 1, then the point falls within the circle centered at the origin with a  radius 1.
In other words, we can think of the circle as inscribed within the square. If a randomly generated point falls within the square, then it may or may not fall within the circle as well. The probability that a point falls within the circle is the ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the square. This probability is approximately equal to pi/4.

3. Check if the point is within the circle: If the distance calculated in step 2 is less than or equal to the radius of the circle (1 in this case), then the random point is within the circle. If the distance is greater than 1, the point lies outside the circle. We can generate a random point within the square and determine if it falls within the circle centered at the origin with a radius of 1.

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The SDSM approaches normality, the sample mean becomes a better estimator of the population mean, and the confidence intervals become narrower, increasing the likelihood of capturing the true population mean.

a. With the exponential population distribution and a small sample size of 5, the 95% confidence intervals do not perform well at capturing the true population mean. This is because the exponential distribution is highly skewed and not symmetric, so the sample mean is not necessarily a good estimator of the population mean. Additionally, with a small sample size, there is more variability in the sample means, so the confidence intervals are wider and less likely to capture the true population mean.

b. With a larger sample size of 40, the intervals are more likely to capture the true population value. This is because the Sampling Distribution of Sample Means (SDSM) approaches a normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the underlying population distribution. This is known as the Central Limit Theorem. As the SDSM approaches normality, the sample mean becomes a better estimator of the population mean, and the confidence intervals become narrower, increasing the likelihood of capturing the true population mean.

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(a) The eigenvalues of the rotation matrix T by π/3 are (1/4) + √3/4 and (1/4) - √3/4 with corresponding eigenvectors [-√3/2, 1/2] and [√3/2, 1/2].

(b) The eigenvalue 1 is always present for any rotation matrix T in R3 around an axis L, with the corresponding eigenspace being the subspace of R3 spanned by all vectors parallel to L.

(a) The matrix representation of the linear transformation T: R2 → R2, rotation by π/3 is:

T = [tex]\begin{bmatrix} \cos(\pi/3) & -\sin(\pi/3) \\ \sin(\pi/3) & \cos(\pi/3) \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

The characteristic polynomial of T is given by:

det(T - λI) = [tex]$\begin{bmatrix} \cos(\pi/3)-\lambda & -\sin(\pi/3) \\ \sin(\pi/3) & \cos(\pi/3)-\lambda \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Expanding the determinant, we get:

det(T - λI) = λ² - cos(π/3)λ - sin²(π/3)

= λ² - (1/2)λ - (3/4)

Using the quadratic formula, we can solve for the eigenvalues:

λ = (1/4) ± √3/4

Therefore, the eigenvalues of T are (1/4) + √3/4 and (1/4) - √3/4.

To find the corresponding eigenvectors, we can solve the system (T - λI)x = 0 for each eigenvalue.

For λ = (1/4) + √3/4, we have:

(T - λI)x = [tex]$\begin{bmatrix} \cos(\pi/3) - (1/4+\sqrt{3}/4) & -\sin(\pi/3) \\ \sin(\pi/3) & \cos(\pi/3) - (1/4+\sqrt{3}/4) \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Row reducing the augmented matrix [T - λI | 0], we get:

[tex]$\begin{bmatrix} -\sqrt{3}/2 & -1/2 & | & 0 \\ 1/2 & -\sqrt{3}/2 & | & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & | & 0 \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Solving for the free variable, we get:

x = [tex]$t\begin{bmatrix} -\sqrt{3}/2 \\ 1/2 \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Therefore, the eigenvector corresponding to λ = (1/4) + √3/4 is [-√3/2, 1/2].

Similarly, for λ = (1/4) - √3/4, we have:

(T - λI)x = [cos(π/3) - (1/4 - √3/4) -sin(π/3)]

[sin(π/3) cos(π/3) - (1/4 - √3/4)]

Row reducing the augmented matrix [T - λI | 0], we get:

[tex]$\begin{bmatrix} \sqrt{3}/2 & -1/2 \\ 1/2 & \sqrt{3}/2 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x \ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 \ 0 \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Solving for the free variable, we get:

x = [tex]$t\begin{bmatrix} -\sqrt{3}/2 \\ 1/2 \end{bmatrix}$[/tex]

Therefore, the eigenvector corresponding to λ = (1/4) - √3/4 is [√3/2, 1/2].

(b) The axis L is an invariant subspace of T, which means that any vector parallel to L is an eigenvector of T with eigenvalue 1. This is because rotation around an axis does not change the direction of vectors parallel to the axis.

Therefore, λ = 1 is always an eigenvalue of T. The corresponding eigenspace is the subspace of R3 that is spanned by all vectors parallel to L.

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The particle is momentarily at rest at t = 6 seconds. Thus, the correct answer choice is :

(b) 6 s

To find the time t when the particle is momentarily at rest, we need to determine when its velocity is equal to zero. The given position function is x(t) = 36t - 3.0t^2. The velocity function can be found by taking the derivative of x(t) with respect to time t:

v(t) = dx(t)/dt = 36 - 6.0t

To find when the particle is momentarily at rest, set v(t) equal to zero:

0 = 36 - 6.0t

Now, solve for t:

6.0t = 36
t = 6 seconds

So, the particle is momentarily at rest at t = 6 seconds, which corresponds to answer choice B) 6 s.

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The expected monthly utility bill for a 2200 square foot home in this city would be $340.

Given regression equation: U = 0.2F - 200

Where U is the monthly utility bill and F is the square footage of the residence.

Substitute F = 2200 in the equation

U = 0.2(2200) - 200

U = 440 - 200

U = $340

Hence, the expected monthly utility bill for a 2200 square foot home in this city is $340.

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The monthly utility bill would be expected for a 2200 square foot home in this city is  $240

The given regression line represents a relationship between the monthly utility bill (U) and the square footage of a residence (F) in a certain city. The equation U = 0.2F - 200 is in the form of a linear equation, where the coefficient 0.2 represents the rate of change in the utility bill for every one unit increase in square footage.

To find the expected monthly utility bill for a 2200 square foot home, we substitute F = 2200 into the equation. By plugging in this value, we can calculate the corresponding value of U, which represents the expected utility bill for that particular square footage.

Substituting F = 2200 into the equation U = 0.2F - 200, we get:

U = 0.2(2200) - 200

Calculating the expression within the parentheses gives us:

U = 440 - 200

Simplifying further:

U = 240

Therefore, the expected monthly utility bill for a 2200 square foot home in this city is $240. This means that, based on the given regression line, on average, residents with a 2200 square foot home can expect a monthly utility bill of $240 in this city.

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To find the HPD (Highest Posterior Density) interval of 95% of θ, we need to first calculate the posterior distribution of θ using the Beta prior distribution with parameters α = 1 and β = 1, and the observed data of 17 satisfied and 5 not satisfied.

The posterior distribution of θ is also a Beta distribution with parameters α' = α + number of satisfied and β' = β + number of not satisfied. In this case, α' = 1 + 17 = 18 and β' = 1 + 5 = 6.

So, the posterior distribution of θ is Beta(18,6).

To find the HPD interval, we can use a numerical method such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. However, since the Beta distribution has a closed-form expression for the quantiles, we can use the following formula to calculate the HPD interval:

HPD interval = [Beta(q1,α',β'), Beta(q2,α',β')]

where q1 and q2 are the quantiles of the posterior distribution that enclose 95% of the area under the curve.

Using a Beta distribution calculator or software, we can find that the 0.025 and 0.975 quantiles of Beta(18,6) are approximately 0.633 and 0.898, respectively.

Therefore, the HPD interval of 95% of θ is [0.633, 0.898].

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Answer:

I believe (3, 5) and (10, 1) is the answer

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

26 units

Step-by-step explanation:

The distance between two points with coordinates

Answer:a to b is 21 and b to c is 6 so I think you would need 21+6 divided by 2 i don't know for sure.

Step-by-step explanation:

The dimension of this subspace is 4 because any invertible matrix can be written as a linear combination of the matrices:

[1 0] [0 1]

[0 0] [0 0]

[0 0] [0 0]

[0 1] [1 0]

a) Not a subspace, reason: the collection does not contain the zero matrix, which is a requirement for any subset to be a subspace.

b) Subspace, dimension = 4. This collection satisfies the three properties of being a subspace:

Contains the zero matrix: Since the determinant of the zero matrix is 0, it is not invertible. Therefore, it is not in the collection.

Closed under addition: If A and B are invertible matrices, then (A + B) is also invertible. Thus, (A + B) belongs to the collection.

Closed under scalar multiplication: If A is an invertible matrix and c is a scalar, then cA is invertible. Therefore, cA belongs to the collection.

The dimension of this subspace is 4 because any invertible matrix can be written as a linear combination of the matrices:

[1 0] [0 1]

[0 0] [0 0]

[0 0] [0 0]

[0 1] [1 0]

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The given series, Σ x^n/n, converges absolutely for x ∈ (-1,1] and diverges for x ≤ -1 or x > 1. The series converges conditionally at x = -1 and x = 1.

For the absolute convergence, we need to check whether Σ |x^n/n| converges or not. So, we have Σ |x^n/n| = Σ (|x|/n)^n. By applying the root test, we get lim (|x|/n) = 1, and hence, the series converges absolutely for |x| < 1. For x ≤ -1 or x > 1, the series diverges, since the terms of the series do not approach zero as n approaches infinity.

Now, for the conditional convergence, we need to check whether the series converges but the absolute value of the terms diverges. Since the series converges absolutely for |x| < 1, we only need to check the endpoints x = -1 and x = 1. For x = -1, we have the alternating harmonic series, which converges by the alternating series test. For x = 1, we have the harmonic series, which diverges. Therefore, the series converges conditionally at x = -1 and x = 1.

In conclusion, the given series converges absolutely for x ∈ (-1,1] and diverges for x ≤ -1 or x > 1. The series converges conditionally at x = -1 and x = 1.

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The likelihood of randomly selecting a terrier from the shelter would be unlikely. That is option B

The formula that can be used to determine the probability of a selected event is given as follows;

Probability = possible event/sample space.

The possible sample space for terriers = 15%

Therefore the remaining sample space goes for Labradors and Golden Retrievers which is = 75%

Therefore, the probability of selecting the terriers at random is unlikely when compared with other dogs.

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(a) The number of ways that the event can occur is 6.

(b) Probabilities are :

1) 1/2, 2) 1/6 and 3) 1/3.

(a) Given a bag of different shapes.

Total number of shapes = 6

So, if we select one shape from random,

total number of ways that the event can occur = 6

(b) Number of squares in the bag = 3

Probability of choosing a square = 3/6 = 1/2

Number of circles in the bag = 1

Probability of choosing a circle = 1/6

Number of stars in the bag = 2

Probability of choosing a star = 2/6 = 1/3

Hence the required probabilities are found.

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Answer:

0.4 or 40%

Step-by-step explanation:

The sectors that are factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, and 8 itself. Therefore, out of 10 equally sized sectors, 4 are factors of 8.

The probability of selecting a sector that is a factor of 8 is the ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes

So, the probability of selecting a sector that is a factor of 8 is:

4 (number of favorable outcomes) / 10 (total number of possible outcomes)

which simplifies to:

2/5 or 0.4

Therefore, the probability that the randomly selected point lies in a sector that is a factor of 8 is 0.4 or 40%.

Answer:

2/10 meaning 20%

Step-by-step explanation:

The simplified answer after Simplification of (1/2 - 1/3)(4/5 - 3/4) / (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4) is 7/36.

To solve this expression, we need to follow the order of operations, which is parentheses, multiplication/division, and addition/subtraction.

First, we simplify the expression inside the parentheses:

(1/2 - 1/3)(4/5 - 3/4) = (1/6)(1/5) = 1/30

Next, we add up the denominators in the denominator of the entire expression:

1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 = 6/12 + 8/12 + 9/12 = 23/12

Finally, we divide the simplified expression inside the parentheses by the fraction in the denominator:

(1/30) / (23/12) = (1/30) x (12/23) = 4/230 = 2/115 = 7/36

Therefore, the simplified answer is 7/36.

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The ordered pair (0, -5) is a solution of the given inequality.

To check if the ordered pair is a solution we need to replace the values of the ordered point in the inequality and check if it is true or not.

The inequality is:

x + y < -4

And the ordered pair is (0, -5)

Replacing that we will get:

0 - 5 < -4

-5 < -4

This is true, then the ordered pair is a solution.

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The equation for total cost is The Total cost = (10s + 5m + 8l + 0.5n)  

First, we can  calculate  the total cost plus the both the shipping and the handling charge:

The Small shirts is  10 x $5.00 = $50.00

Medium shirts is  5 x $7.50 = $37.50

Large shirts is 8 x $12.00 = $96.

Lets add  three amounts plus also the  shipping and  the handling charge to the over all total cost:

The Total cost  is  (10 x $5.00) + (5 x $7.50) + (8 x $12.00) + (23 x $0.50)

Total cost = 195.00

Therefore, the equation of  total cost is

The Total cost = (10s + 5m + 8l + 0.5n)  s, m, and l refer to the  prices of small, medium, and large shirts, respectively,  n is the total number of shirts.

let now substitute the  values of s, m, l, and n.

The Total cost = 10 x 5.00 + 5 x 7.50 + 8 x 12.00 + 23 x 0.50)  in  dollars

Therefore, the Total cost = $195.00

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Step-by-step explanation:

remember, a negative exponent means 1/...

so,

3^-3 = 1/3³ = 1/27

Answer:

1/27

Step-by-step explanation:

The equation of the line in this problem can be given as follows:

The point-slope equation of a line is given as follows:

y - y* = m(x - x*).

In which:

From the graph, we have that when x increases by 3, y decays by 6, hence the slope m is given as follows:

m = -6/3

m = -2.

Hence the point-slope equation is given as follows:

y - 4 = -2(x + 2).

The slope-intercept equation can be obtained as follows:

y = -2x - 4 + 4

y = -2x.

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The probability that the subject actually has an IQ below 150 given that they are labeled as having an IQ over 150 is approximately 0.00073276, or 0.07328% when rounded to five decimal places.

Let's use Bayes' theorem to solve the problem. Let A be the event that the subject has an IQ over 150, and B be the event that the subject actually has an IQ below 150. We want to find P(B|A), the probability that the subject has an IQ below 150 given that they are labeled as having an IQ over 150.

From the problem, we know that P(A) = 1/1100, the probability that a random person has an IQ over 150. We also know that P(A|B') = 0.0008, the probability that someone with an IQ below 150 is labeled as having an IQ over 150 due to lucky guessing.

To find P(B|A), we need to find P(A|B), the probability that someone with an IQ below 150 is labeled as having an IQ over 150. We can use Bayes' theorem to find this probability:

P(A|B) = P(B|A) * P(A) / P(B)

We know that P(B) = 1 - P(B'), the probability that someone with an IQ below 150 is not labeled as having an IQ over 150. Since everyone with an IQ over 150 is labeled as such, we have:

P(B) = 1 - P(A')

where P(A') is the probability that a random person has an IQ below 150 or, equivalently, 1 - P(A).

Plugging in the given values, we have:

P(A|B) = P(B|A) * P(A) / (1 - P(A))

P(A|B) = P(B|A) * 1/1100 / (1 - 1/1100)

P(A|B) = 0.0008 * 1/1100 / (1 - 1/1100)

P(A|B) ≈ 0.00073276

Therefore, the probability that the subject actually has an IQ below 150 given that they are labeled as having an IQ over 150 is approximately 0.00073276, or 0.07328% when rounded to five decimal places.

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The measure of the missing side is given as follows:

D. 22.2

The three trigonometric ratios are the sine, the cosine and the tangent, and they are defined as follows:

The parameters for this problem are given as follows:

Hence the missing side length is obtained as follows:

sin(59º) = 19/x.

x = 19/sine of 59 degrees

x = 22.2.

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The proof that of the above expression on the condition of a/b = c/d = e/f is given below.

Given: a/b = c/d = e/f

Let e/b = e/c = k

Then, a/b = k and c/d = k, so a = kb and c = kd

Now we have:

√((a⁴ +  c⁴)/  (b⁴ + d⁴))   = √(((k b) ⁴ + ( kd )⁴ )/(b ⁴ + d ⁴)  )

= √ (k ⁴ *  (b⁴ + d⁴ ) / (b⁴ + d⁴))

= k²

Let p = 1 and q = k², then:

(p  a² + q * c²)/(p * b² + q * d²) = (a² + k² * c²)/(b² + k⁴ * d²)

= (k² *   b² + k² *    d ²)/(b ² +   k ⁴ * d ²)

= k ²

Therefore, we have shown that √ ((a ⁴ + c ⁴)/(b ⁴ + d ⁴))   = (p x a ² + q * c ²) / (p * b ² + q * d² )

if a/b =  c/ d =  e/f.

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