how did the people of Australia change the land?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

rumba and the other place I can do it so we will be there or not

Answer 2

Answer:

The people of Australia have had a significant impact on the land over thousands of years. Indigenous Australians used controlled burning to manage the landscape and promote the growth of certain plant and animal species. They also used a variety of hunting and gathering techniques that allowed them to live sustainably within the environment.

With the arrival of European settlers in the late 18th century, however, the land began to be transformed more drastically. Forests were cleared for agriculture and grazing, and large areas of land were cleared for urban development. This led to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and changes to the water cycle, among other environmental impacts.

Additionally, non-native species were introduced to Australia, which has had a significant impact on the country's ecosystems. Some of these species have become invasive, causing harm to native species and ecosystems.

Overall, the people of Australia have played a significant role in shaping the land, both positively and negatively. Today, there are efforts to restore and protect the environment, and to promote sustainable practices to minimize further damage.

Explanation:


Related Questions

describe the state of India politics after Aurangzeb's death ​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

After the death of Aurangzeb, due to chaos and infights among his sons, eventually the Mughal nobles took control of administration and stopped sending tax revenue to the Mughals. This along with rebellions, further weakened the Mughal empire. In the end, the Mughal empire fragmented into different independent states.

After the death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal Empire went through a period of political and social instability. Aurangzeb was the last powerful emperor of the Mughal Empire, and his reign had been marked by a series of wars and religious conflicts that had weakened the empire.

The decline of the Mughal Empire also led to the emergence of various European powers in India, including the British, French, and Portuguese. These powers established their own trading posts and forts in India, which eventually led to the colonization of the country.

In addition to these external pressures, India also faced internal conflicts and social unrest. The caste system, which had been a feature of Indian society for centuries, became more rigid and oppressive, leading to widespread social and economic inequality.

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Anthropologists take a comprehensive approach to understanding human beings. They accomplish this task by
a.conducting participant observation.
b.exploring the past.
c.using the four-field approach.
d.focusing mainly on biology.

Answers

Anthropologists take a comprehensive approach to understanding human beings by using the four-field approach, which includes cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, archaeology, and physical anthropology.

Through participant observation and exploring the past, they gain a holistic understanding of human beings, including their physical, cultural, and social dimensions.

Anthropologists take a comprehensive approach to understanding human beings by using the four-field approach. This approach includes cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, archaeology, and physical anthropology.

Cultural anthropology involves the study of human cultures, customs, and behaviors. Linguistic anthropology focuses on language and communication. Archaeology explores the human past through the examination of artifacts and remains. Physical anthropology is concerned with the biological and physiological aspects of human beings.

Anthropologists use all of these fields together to gain a comprehensive understanding of human beings. They conduct participant observation to gain first-hand knowledge of a particular culture or society. They also explore the past through the examination of artifacts and other evidence. By using all of these approaches, anthropologists can develop a holistic view of human beings, understanding their physical, cultural, and social dimensions.

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During the mid 1800s, the largest number of immigrants came from which 2 countries?

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Answer:Ireland and Germany

Explanation: I hope this helps

Between 1870 and 1900, the largest number of immigrants continued to come from northern and western Europe including Great Britain, Ireland, and Scandinavia. But "new" immigrants from southern and eastern Europe were becoming one of the most important forces in American life. More controversial, and much more limited, was immigration from Asia and Latin America.

What was the Church's clever strategy for ridding themselves of Luther without any blame?

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The Church's clever strategy for ridding themselves of Martin Luther without any blame involved the use of political and religious tactics. First, they sought to discredit Luther's ideas by labeling them as heretical. They called upon established theologians to publicly denounce and debate his views, aiming to diminish his credibility and influence.

Another tactic involved engaging the political power of the Holy Roman Empire. The Church urged Emperor Charles V to take action against Luther, as his teachings were perceived as a threat to the stability of the empire. This led to the Diet of Worms in 1521, where Luther was summoned to either recant his views or face excommunication and potential execution. Luther refused to recant, and the Edict of Worms was issued, declaring him an outlaw and heretic.

The Church also attempted to counter Luther's ideas through internal reform, known as the Counter-Reformation. This included the establishment of new religious orders, such as the Jesuits, who were dedicated to promoting Catholic doctrine and combating the spread of Protestantism. Additionally, the Council of Trent (1545-1563) was convened to clarify and reaffirm Catholic teachings, addressing some of the corruption and abuses that had fueled the Reformation.

By employing a combination of religious and political tactics, the Church aimed to rid themselves of Luther and his influence without appearing to be directly responsible for his fate. However, despite their efforts, Luther's ideas continued to spread, ultimately leading to the establishment of the Protestant Reformation.

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Investigate the Religious group's dogmas and how they guide their members to live in a particular way - in order to remain healthy at all times. ?​

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Answer:

Religious groups often have strict guidelines for living that are rooted in their beliefs and teachings. These guidelines may include dietary restrictions, regular prayer or meditation, and abstaining from certain behaviors or activities.

Explanation:

Which of the following best describes the role of women during the period 1450 to 1750?
Although there were many powerful female rulers like Elizabeth I and Nur Jahan, the status of women remained mostly unchanged

Many societies became matrilineal and were run by older women in the community due to mass migration of men

Mixed offspring as a result of global exploration and colonization led to a decrease in marriage restrictions based on race and class

Innovations in production turned over traditionally male jobs to women as mass migrations led to uneven populations

Answers

The best description of the role of women was A. Although there were many powerful female rulers like Elizabeth I and Nur Jahan, the status of women remained mostly unchanged

What happened to the role of women between 1450 and 1750 ?

Between the span of 1450 and 1750, women encountered a persistent status quo regarding their standing in society which remained mostly consistent all over the globe.

Albeit there were extraordinary cases involving strong female leaders like Elizabeth I of England and Nur Jahan of the Mughal Empire; generally, men reinforced their supremacy by relinquishing the oppoetunity of including women towards positions of higher authority. Consequently, they followed traditional marital duties predominantly as wives, mothers and homemakers with an array of discriminatory constraints placed upon them breeding social inequality.

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Can anyone write a sold argumentative statement regarding Stalin's rise to power for me to use in an essay?​​​

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Answer:

Stalin's rise to power was a complex process that involved political maneuvering, propaganda, and the elimination of his rivals. A solid argumentative statement could be: "Stalin's ruthless tactics and manipulation of the Communist Party allowed him to consolidate power and become the leader of the Soviet Union, leading to significant political and social changes in the country.

Explanation:

What can you learn from a newspaper about laws, regulations or public policy?​

Answers

A newspaper about laws, regulations or public policy and find out about laws, rules, or public policy in a newspaper by learning the names of the laws and/or the organisation in charge of enforcing them.

Governments create and carry out a corpus of laws, regulations, and decisions with the intention of assisting the general public. Public policy can affect which topics are of general public interest.

Which laws are established, and where financing is allocated. Governments, institutions, and even the general public work together to make public policy, making it a crucial and effective way to be heard. As politicians and parties change, so do the attitudes and views held by the majority or by those in authority.Politicians can, of course, be voted out of office and out of power, but changing the public policies they support is more difficult.

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How did UNIA differ from the NAACP?

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Answer:

While the NAACP focused on legal strategies to fight for civil rights, UNIA emphasized economic self-sufficiency and encouraged Black people to take pride in their African heritage. Additionally, UNIA was a global organization with branches in Africa and the Caribbean, while the NAACP primarily operated within the United States.

Explanation:

Answer:

The UNIA believed that African Americans should create a separate society.

Explanation:

Which of the following best supports the argument that colonialism was responsible for the lack of economic development in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East in the late twentieth century?Corruption within the governments of former coloniesThe tendency of former colonies to export raw materialsThe presence of impoverished groups within industrialized statesThe prosperity of some newly independent states

Answers

The tendency of former colonies to export raw materials best supports the argument that colonialism was responsible for the lack of economic development in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

It occured in the late twentieth century. Colonial powers and colonialism  often developed their colonies as sources of raw materials, rather than as self-sufficient economies. This left many former colonies heavily reliant on exporting raw materials and vulnerable to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, they were unable to develop diversified and sustainable economies. This ongoing dependence on raw materials exports has contributed to their limited economic development and vulnerability to economic crises.

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Which of the following is an opinion about Michelangelo?

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An opinion about Michelangelo is considered one of the greatest artists of all time.

In the given case, the context is missing so the answer is written in a generalized manner.

The Pietà and David are two of Michelangelo's sculptures that are regarded as some of the greatest masterpieces of art ever produced. He was an artist of the human figure.

The other attribute that made Michelangelo famous was his strong nature and constant dedication to his craft. He had a strong passion for his art and was prepared to work hard and make significant sacrifices in order to realize his ambitions.

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which of the following was a major goal for american indians in the 1960s?to take back their land on alcatrazto form the bureau of indian affairsto promote brown powerto have their lands protected

Answers

A major goal for American Indians in the 1960s was to have their lands protected. Throughout history, American Indians have been subject to forced removals from their lands and treaties that were often not respected by the United States government. This led to many American Indians losing their ancestral lands and being displaced from their communities. In the 1960s, American Indians began advocating for the protection of their remaining lands and for the recognition of their sovereignty as nations.

This movement led to the creation of the National Congress of American Indians in 1944, which played a key role in advocating for the rights of American Indians. While the occupation of Alcatraz in 1969 and the formation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1824 were important events in American Indian history, the protection of their lands was a key concern for American Indians in the 1960s. This led to the passing of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act in 1975, which allowed American Indian tribes to have more control over their lands and resources. Today, many American Indian communities continue to advocate for their sovereignty and protection of their lands, as they continue to face challenges such as environmental degradation and encroachment from non-Indigenous communities.

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Chinese artists began making beautiful new pieces of art out of this new substance. What was it?

a. Clay

b. Silk

c. Porcelain

d. Gold

Answers

Answer: Porcelain

Explanation:

Q Do you think the French and Indian War was

justified? Why or why not?

Answers

Yes because it was justified

How is South Asia characterized politically after the collapse of the Golden Age (Gupta Dynasty)?

Answers

After the collapse of the Gupta Dynasty, South Asia underwent significant political changes. One of the major characteristics of the region was the emergence of regional kingdoms and dynasties, which replaced the centralized authority of the Gupta Empire.

These regional powers included the Pallavas, Chalukyas, and Cholas in southern India, and the Harshavardhana in northern India. These kingdoms engaged in frequent wars and conflicts with one another, leading to a period of instability and political fragmentation.

Another important feature of the post-Gupta era was the emergence of feudalism, with powerful regional lords and landowners exercising considerable control over the population. This led to the rise of a decentralized political system, with power dispersed among various local authorities.

Religion also played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of South Asia during this period, with the spread of Hinduism and the rise of Buddhism and Jainism as influential religious traditions. The patronage of kings and local rulers allowed these religions to flourish, and their influence extended to various aspects of social and political life.

Overall, the post-Gupta period was characterized by a shift away from centralized authority and towards a more decentralized and fragmented political system, with regional kingdoms and feudal lords exerting significant control over the population. Religion also played a major role in shaping the political and social landscape of the region.

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Civil Rights Test
L
Which of these states did Democrats win in the presidential election of 1956 and lose in the presidential
election of 1964?
OA Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota
OB. Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico
C. Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia
OD. South Carolina Georgia, and Alabama

Answers

Answer:

The states that Democrats won in the presidential election of 1956 and lost in the presidential election of 1964 were mainly located in the South, including Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia. This shift was largely due to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was supported by Democrats but opposed by many Southern voters.

Explanation:

According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:

Answers

According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to the belief that it was the nation's divine mission to spread its values, institutions, and democracy across the continent.

According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to the belief that it was the divine mission of the United States to spread democracy and civilization throughout the continent. This idea was based on the belief that Americans were inherently superior and destined to expand their territory and influence. O'Sullivan argued that this expansion was not only inevitable, but also morally justifiable, and that it was the duty of the United States to take control of the land and resources of North America in order to fulfill this destiny.

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which of the following best explains how this photograph from the second world war can be connected to the cold war that began shortly afterward? responses it provides evidence of underlying hostility between the soviet union and the united states even when they were allied during the second world war. it provides evidence of underlying hostility between the soviet union and the united states even when they were allied during the second world war. it shows the technological advances made by one of the victors of the second world war that solidified its position as a postwar superpower. it shows the technological advances made by one of the victors of the second world war that solidified its position as a postwar superpower. it demonstrates the numerical and material advantages enjoyed by the allied powers in their conflict with the axis powers of germany, italy, and japan. it demonstrates the numerical and material advantages enjoyed by the allied powers in their conflict with the axis powers of germany, italy, and japan. it illustrates the convergence of soviet and american military technology as both countries adopted the same methods of fighting.

Answers

The photograph from the second world war that can be connected to the cold war shows the technological advances made by one of the victors of the last world war that solidified its position as a postwar superpower. Therefore the correct option is B.

The photograph shows planes and armament manufacturing in the industrialized western countries that were among the victorious powers in the second world war, either the United States or the Soviet Union.

These countries used their technological and industrial advantages to demand and adapt to the modern postwar world, and became the two superpowers that dominated the cold war.

The photograph, therefore, shows a connection between the past technological and industrial might of the victors of the second world war and the postwar technological and industrial advancements that made them superpowers in the cold war.

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What can be used to provide air for a fire?

Answers

A bellows or pair of bellows is a device constructed to furnish a strong blast of air.

Answer the question down below it’s question 1~7


1) Why did the Webbs stop asking Crash to do things with them?
2) Why did Crash immediately become friends with Mike?
3) Why isn't Penn insulted when Mike criticizes his clothes on the first day of seventh grade?
4) Why doesn't the vice-principal punish Crash and Mike for the food fight in the cafeteria?
5) How does Penn amaze Crash and Mike on the day that football practice begins?
6) Why have Abby and Penn become friends?
7) Why do Abby and Crash celebrate the time when the family dines together?

Answers

The Webbs stopped asking Crash to do things with them because they believed he was a negative influence on their son (Mike) and he was likely to spoil their family processes.

What are the responses to other questions?

2) Crash immediately became friends with Mike because they both shared same passion (football) and similar characteristics.

3) Penn isn't insulted when Mike criticizes his clothes on the first day of seventh grade because he is bold and safe in his own sense of style.

4) The vice-principal doesn't punish Crash and Mike for the food fight in the cafeteria because his attention is diverted by a phone call and so, misses the incident.

5) Penn amazes Crash and Mike on the day that football practice begins by showing off his unimaginable speed and strength on the field, irrespective of his little size.

6) Abby and Penn have become friends because they both love reading and writing poetry and share a strong passion for language and words.

7) Abby and Crash celebrate the time when the family dines together because they both share similar background (broken homes) and cherish the idea of oneness and stability that a family meal provides.

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flourished
farmers settled there around 7000 B.C. and agriculture
ONeolithic
O Mycenaeans
O Greeks
OCyclopes

Answers

Flourished farmers settled there around 7000 B.C. and agriculture in Neolithic

What was Neolithic period ?

The Neolithic  can be described as the New Stone Age which can be considered as the archaeological period,  and it was around the final division of the Stone Age in Europe,.

It should be noted that the Neolithic Revolution, is one that exhibit a  wide-ranging set of developments  which is been recorded to have been independently in several parts of the world, however Flourished farmers  can be seen as one thatwas recorded to be around 7000 B.C. and agriculture in Neolithic

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Public Domain

Which scientist developed this diagram of the universe? (4 points)

a
Bacon

b
Copernicus

c
Ptolemy

d
Vesalius

Use the image to answer the following question:

Answers

The diagram of the universe was developed by Copernicus.

Who is Copernicus?

The Sun, according to Nicolaus Copernicus, is the fixed point to which the motions of the planets should be referred; Earth is a planet that, in addition to orbiting the Sun once a year, also rotates once a day on its own axis; and the precession of the equinoxes is caused by very slow, long-term changes in the direction of this axis.

The name "Sun-centered" or "heliocentric" relates to this depiction of the skies and comes from the Greek word helios, which meaning "Sun." Copernicus' notion had enormous repercussions for other members of the Scientific Revolution, including Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton.

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Identify three accurate statements about the ancient indus river valley civilizations

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The two accurate statements about the ancient Indus River Valley civilizations are they built complex sewage and drainage systems in their cities, and they traded extensively with civilizations in Mesopotamia and Egypt. Here options B and E are correct.

The ancient Indus River Valley civilizations, also known as the Harappan civilization, emerged around 2600 BCE and lasted until around 1900 BCE. They were located in what is now Pakistan and northwest India, along the Indus River and its tributaries. One of the remarkable achievements of the Indus River Valley civilization was the creation of advanced sewage and drainage systems in their cities. The systems were built with uniform bricks and were so advanced that they are still admired by modern engineers.

The Indus River Valley civilizations also engaged in extensive trade with civilizations in Mesopotamia and Egypt, exchanging goods such as textiles, precious stones, and metals. This trade network allowed for the exchange of cultural ideas and practices, as well as goods.

It is not accurate to say that the ancient Indus River Valley civilizations developed a system of writing using hieroglyphics, as their writing system, which has yet to be fully deciphered, is distinct from the hieroglyphic systems of other ancient civilizations.

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Complete question:

Which of the following statements about the ancient Indus River Valley civilizations are accurate?

A) They developed a system of writing using hieroglyphics.

B) They built complex sewage and drainage systems in their cities.

C) They believed in a pantheon of gods and goddesses who controlled nature.

D) They primarily relied on pastoralism for their economy.

E) They traded extensively with civilizations in Mesopotamia and Egypt.

What two electronic items were introduced in the 1980's

Answers

•Fax Machines. There used to be a time when you couldn't visit a home or office without seeing a fax machine. ...

•Answering Machines​ ...

•Floppy Disks. ...

•Pagers. ...

•Cassette Tapes. ...

•Polaroid Cameras. ...

•VHS/VCR

PLEASE HELP ITS DO IN 30 MINUTES

Answers

The three basic phases of the Anaconda Plan were 1) envelop the Union through sea and by means of land blockades, 2) accept control over the Mississippi Stream to cut Confederate powers in two, and 3) catch and include the Collusion and their capital.

The Anaconda Plan implies a Northern/Affiliation strategy of the American Cross country struggle in the nineteenth hundred years. The course of action was made by an Affiliation general after the Confederate attack at Post Sumter in 1861.

The recently referenced Anaconda plan, on a basic level, would yield way less misfortunes as it was viewed as a more dormant strategy for winning the contention as opposed to troops strolling in and killing, consuming, etc for a huge extension.

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Your question is incomplete probably the complete question is:

Explain the 3 pronged strategy of lincoln and McClellan (the Anaconda Plan).

What method should be used to test a theory concerning only one society?

Answers

To test a theory concerning only one society, the appropriate method to use is a case study. A case study allows for an in-depth examination of a single instance, which can provide valuable insights into the specific social, cultural, and contextual factors that may influence the theory's applicability in that particular society.

When testing a theory concerning only one society, it is important to use a research method that is appropriate for the specific context and aims of the study. One method that could be used is ethnography, which involves immersing oneself in the culture and community being studied in order to gain a deep understanding of their beliefs, values, practices, and social structures. This approach can provide rich, detailed insights into the workings of a particular society and can help to identify patterns and relationships that might not be visible from a more detached perspective. Another method that could be useful in the case study analysis, involves examining a specific instance or example of a phenomenon in order to understand its characteristics, causes, and effects. This approach can be particularly valuable when trying to test a theory that pertains to a particular aspect of the society in question, such as its political system, economic organization, or cultural practices.

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During reconstruction, southerners were ruled by a small number of outsider know as carpetbaggers. this situation is most similar to the period of
A Mongol rule over China
B Roman control over Italy
C Chinese control over Japan
D Aztec rule over the Olmec

Answers

During reconstruction, southerners were ruled by a small number of outsider know as carpetbaggers. This situation is most similar to the period of Mongol rule over China.

Reconstruction refers to the period following the American Civil War, from 1865 to 1877, when the United States government attempted to rebuild and reform the former Confederate states of the South.

The primary goal of Reconstruction was to bring the South back into the Union and to ensure civil rights for newly freed African Americans.

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What did the Church's denial prompt Henry to do?

Answers

Answer:

The Church's denial prompted Henry to break away from the Roman Catholic Church and establish the Church of England, with himself as the head. This event is known as the English Reformation.

Explanation:

what were the conditions that factory workers had to work in back then

Answers

Answer:

Factory working conditions in the past were often harsh and dangerous. Workers, including women and children, often had to work long hours in hot, poorly ventilated factories with little to no breaks. Workplace injuries and deaths were common, and safety regulations were often nonexistent. Wages were low, and workers had little to no job security. The lack of adequate restrooms and restroom breaks was also a significant problem. Additionally, the unhealthy working conditions contributed to the spread of diseases like tuberculosis and other respiratory illnesses. Over time, labor unions and government regulations have helped improve working conditions for factory workers.

Explanation:

Answer:

As a result of industrialization, ordinary working people found increased opportunities for employment in the new mills and factories, but these were often under strict working conditions with long hours of labor dominated by a pace set by machines. The nature of work changed from a craft production model to a factory-centric model.

In the textile industry, factories set hours of work and the machinery within them shaped the pace of work. Factories brought workers together within one building and increased the division of labor, narrowing the number and scope of tasks and including children and women within a common production process. Maltreatment, industrial accidents, and ill health from overwork and contagious diseases were common in the enclosed conditions of cotton mills. Children were particularly vulnerable.

Work discipline was forcefully instilled upon the workforce by the factory owners, and the working conditions were dangerous and even deadly. Early industrial factories and mines created numerous health risks, and injury compensation for the workers did not exist. Machinery accidents could lead to burns, arm and leg injuries, amputation of fingers and limbs, and death. However, diseases were the most common health issues that had long-term effects.

Mining has always been especially dangerous, and at the beginning of the 19th century, methods of coal extraction exposed men, women, and children to very risky conditions. In 1841, about 216,000 people were employed in the mines. Women and children worked underground for 11-12 hours a day. The public became aware of conditions in the country’s collieries in 1838 after an accident at Huskar Colliery in Silkstone. The disaster came to the attention of Queen Victoria who ordered an inquiry.

During World War I, the U.S. Army screened recruits using the _______________to determine if the recruits were cognitively capable of serving in the military and what job classification would be appropriate.

Answers

Answer:  Army Alpha and Army Beta tests

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The ability to be in multiple states at once, dramatically increasing processing power, is a hallmark of:a. colocation.b. edge computing.c. grid computing.d. utility computing.e. quantum computing. Select the correct answer. Determine which statement is true about the zeros of the function graphed below. An upward parabola f on a coordinate plane vertex at (1, 4) and intercepts the y-axis at 5 units. A. Function f has one real solution and one complex solution. B. Function f has exactly one real solution and no complex solutions. C. Function f has exactly two real solutions. D. Function f has exactly two complex solutions. make a class that represents an average of test scores. make the class take an unlimited number of scores and calculate the number of tests taken along with the average. The list represents the ages of students in a gymnastics class. 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15 If another student of age 15 joins the class, how is the mean affected? 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On the early Earth, oxygen gas (O2) released from uncountable numbers of water molecules began seeping out of _______ prokaryotes Rank the interest sensitivity of the following from most sensitive to an interest rate change to the least sensitive.I. 10% coupon, 10-yr bondII. 5% coupon, 10-yr bondIII. Zero coupon, 30-yr bondA. I, II, IIIB. II, III, IC. III, I, II The table shows the change in the population of butterflies in four regions with respect to the change in temperature. According to Dahrendorf, the higher the ability that competing parties can reach/develop agreements, the________ the possibility that inter-group conflict will take place. 47 yo M presents with impotence thatstarted three months ago. He hashypertension and was started on atenololfour months ago. He also has diabetesand is on insulin.What the diagnose? 1. Explain the issue Samuel discusses that has 40 million Americans in debt. 2. Samuel mentions three truths that you cant ignorebriefly explain at least one of the following truths3. What is Income-Based Tuition? Discuss the three advantages to Income-Based Tuition. A coupler used in an anchorage system must be sealed to either the encapsulation or the tendon sheath using 2 Causal Inference Potpourri A research team wants to estimate the effectiveness of a new veterinary drug for sick seals. They ask aquariums across the country to volunteer their sick seals for the experiment. Since the team offers monetary compensation for volunteering, zoos with less income decide to volunteer their sick seals, whereas zoos with more income are less compelled to volunteer their seals. It turns out that zoos with less income feed their seals less nutritious diets (regardless of whether they are sick or healthy), due to budgetary constraints. Less nutritious diets prevent seals from recovering as effectively. 7 (a) (2 points) Draw a causal graph between variables X, Y, I and N which denote receiving the drug, recovering, the income level of the zoo, and how nutritious a seal's diet is, respectively. Justify each edge in your graph. (b) (3 points) We saw in lecture that if we can identify and condition on (adjust for) all confounding variables, then we can use the unconfoundedness assumption to compute the average treatment effect (ATE). The backdoor criterion provides a way to determine which variables are confounders. In particular, we simply need to "block" all the confounding pathways in the graphical model between X and Y. In a causal graph, we define a path between two nodes X and Y as a sequence of nodes beginning with X and ending with Y, where each node is connected to the next by an edge (pointed in either direction). Given an ordered pair of variables (X,Y), a set of variables S satisfies the backdoor criterion relative to (X,Y) if no node in S is a descendant of X (to prevent us from conditioning on colliders), and S blocks every path between X and Y that contains an arrow into X. Using the causal graph in the previous part, determine all possible sets of vari- ables that satisfy the backdoor criterion relative to (X,Y). 7 How do l do this? Help please ____________________ is an example of tertiary intervention directed toward a group that has experienced a crisis.Consists of a 7-phase group meeting that offers individuals the opportunity to share their thoughts/feelings.1. Introductory phase (meeting purpose is explained)2. Fact phase (discuss facts of their incidents)3. Thought phase (discuss their first thoughts of the incident)4. Reaction phase (talk about the worst thing about the incident- what was most painful)5. Symptom phase (describe their cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioral experiences at the scene)6. Teaching phase (the normality of the expressed symptoms is acknowledged and affirmed; guidance is offered; stress-management techniques)7. Reentry phase (review material discussed, introduce new topics, ask questions, and discuss closure)