I’ll give Brainly

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Imagine that you are a natural resource manager at an underground mine. The mine is closing down because its
available minerals have been used up. You are now tasked with developing a plan to close the mine safely and
restore the natural area.
Name three steps your plan must include to successfully complete these tasks. Explain why each of these steps is
important to restoring the natural area,

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closing mineMining operations, however expansive and complex, are temporary. Eventually, once the most accessible and valuable materials have been extracted, the mine is closed, and the site must be restored back to its original state. This includes covering up mine entrances, replanting grass and trees, and testing surrounding water, soil, and air for contaminants.

Since 1977 when the U.S. Congress enacted the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, many regulations have been established to ensure mine sites are operated, and any environmental damage is remediated, in a responsible way. The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE), for example, is a bureau within the United States Department of the Interior created to address coal mine remediation.

The OSMRE’s mission statement asserts, “Our primary objectives are to ensure that coal mines are operated in a manner that protects citizens and the environment during mining and assures that the land is restored to beneficial use following mining, and to mitigate the effects of past mining by aggressively pursuing reclamation of abandoned coal mines.”

Some of the issues addressed by mine site remediation regulations include:

Acid mine drainage is one of the primary sources of mining-related pollution. Mining activities increase the volume and rate of exposure of sulfur-containing rocks to air and water, creating sulfuric acid and dissolved iron. This acid run-off dissolves heavy metals such as copper, lead and mercury which leach into ground water aquifers and surface water sources, harming humans and wildlife.

Tailings—mineral waste products—are another major pollutant.  Because tailings originate in slurry form they are dumped in or near water, contaminating the water and destroying aquatic life. Tailings also can be transported by wind or water to contaminate other areas. Mine wastewater containing metals and chemicals can also leach into nearby waterways. Lab and portable technologies for water analysis can help determine the extent of the pollution.

In addition to physical landscape damage, mining operations create sediment containing heavy metals which settle into surrounding soil, or are carried by wind or water to contaminate rivers or other land areas. These metals aren’t biodegradable so the soil stays contaminated without corrective action.

Chemical analysis of soil and sediment samples at the mine site is an important step in detecting the presence of environmental contaminates that may remain as a result of mining activities. Both Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) are good solutions for this analysis. Handheld XRF instruments provide instantaneous analysis in the field and effectively perform double-duty when used to monitor elemental contaminants at mine sites and in waste streams, in addition to being used for exploration and mining applications. These handheld analyzers are equipped with embedded GPS that can record the coordinates of the exact location of the contamination site as well. Lab-based WDXRF instruments perform accurate quantitative analysis of the vast variety of material, matrix types, and concentrations that must be evaluated in soil and sediment analysis.

Particulate matter (PM) in the air surrounding the mine location is another source of pollution. Dust results from the movement of soil, vehicles traveling over unpaved surfaces, heavy equipment operation, blasting, and wind, which can erode mine tailings piles to create potentially contaminated fugitive dust. Dust inhalation, particularly respirable coal dust, is a serious occupational hazard in the mining industry. Personal and ambient particulate monitoring equipment is used to measure PM to ensure exposure limits are not exceeded.

As it says in the Act, “Coal mining operations presently contribute significantly to the Nation’s energy requirements… and it is, therefore, essential to the national interest to insure the existence of an expanding and economically healthy underground coal mining industry…. [The] surface and underground coal mining operations affect interstate commerce, contribute to the economic well-being, security, and general welfare of the Nation and should be conducted in an environmentally sound manner….[And] the cooperative effort established by this Act is necessary to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental effects of present and future surface coal mining operations.” Read the rest of Section 101 of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977.

10 quốc gia có diện tích lãnh thổ lớn nhất​

Is the middle east in Europe, Asia, or Africa?

Which of the following statements about weather satellites is false?
A.
Weather satellites can help to prevent storms from occurring.
B.
Weather satellites can help people to prepare for storms.
C.
Weather satellites allow meteorologists to track and study storms.
D.
Weather satellites collect data about Earth’s surface and atmosphere.

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I need it quickk
I'll give brainlist

Which of the following are types of thematic maps? Check all that apply.
special-purpose maps
physical maps
choropleth maps
dot-density maps
political maps

Select the correct answer from each drop down menu.

A capital city is important because it is the _____ center of a nation. However, a capital city may not be the largest city in its country. For example, New Delhi is the capital of India, while ______, is India’s largest city. Some cities, including _____, in the United States were created specifically to serve as capitals. Other cities, including Beijing, China, became capitals due to their _______.

write any three direct source of information about the earth interior​

Write the basic and simplified form of energy system in the atmosphere

1) Find the area of the shape below. Round your answer to the nearest tenth 16 cm​

How do the properties of sodium and chlorine compare to the properties of sodium chloride

1. Open the attribute table for the OLS Model (OLSModell xls) and with the data from the
attribute data complete the table below for the first 4 rows.
OBJECTID
PovRate
Estimated
Residual
Estimated +
Residual
0.39
1
0.39
0.35295767186
0.03704232814
2
0.41
0.34080419252
0.06919580748
0.41
3
0.36
0.48187039265
-0.12187039265
0.36
4
0.30
0.34458117949
-0.04458117949
0.30
2) In a sentence answer the following questions:
a What is the value represented by PovRate?​

If I stand on my head with my face pointing southwards, in which direction will
my right handpoint?​

what structures found on the seafloor are evidence of continental plates moving apart over time

1. oceanic trenches

2. mid-ocean ridges

3. magma cones

4. rift valleys

favourable conditions for harnessing SOLAR ENERGY​

What is the name of the wind that would be experienced by a person walking along a lake shore late at night?

Hydrothermal vent areas have hydrothermal chimneys, from which hot, mineral-rich water comes out. (This hot water often looks like black smoke, but it's not really smoke, it just has a lot of dark, microscopic mineral grains in it.) Where does this hot water come from

What is your world like? What are some of its physical and human characteristics,
and how do you and others interact with your environment?

Which are core beliefs of Muslims?
Check all that apply.
O A. Muslims must be obedient to the pope.
B. Muslims must declare their faith to Allah.
I C. Muslims must accept Muhammad as the son of God.
D. Muslims must believe Muhammad is the prophet of Allah.

Which of the following is not a result of the geographic proximity of two or more groups of people?
A.
the long life expectancy that developed in Japan
B.
the strong trade and cultural relationships that formed in Europe
C.
the conquering of the Indian subcontinent by different societies
D.
the spread of Islam through southern Europe and the Middle East

is building a house a secondary production​

Match the definition in column 1 to the term in column 2.
Average number
of children
women have in a
lifetime
?
Death rate
Subtract total
number of
deaths and
emigrants from
total number of
births and
immigrants per
1,000 people
?
Fertility rate

Canadas rivers provide it with which natural resource
will give brainiest if correct
a. lumber and paper
b. mineral deposits
c. renewable energy
d. oil and natural gas

which city is called as the pink city of India ?​

Select the correct answer from each drop- down menu.
The earliest maps date back to times from which we have no historical records. These maps were probably used to locate _____, grasslands for grazing animals, and shelter. The ancient___ were probably the first people to study geography methodically.

Describe the shape of the land where you live. What is the nearest body of water? (2 points)

How detailed is your mental map of where you live? (1 point)





What words would you use to describe the dominant culture of your town? (2 points)





Name at least one counterculture in your town or neighborhood. (2 points)





What are some of the social norms in your town or neighborhood? Try to think of some that might be unique to your area. (3 points)





Describe how cultural diffusion from other areas has affected your neighborhood. (Hint: Look at food, clothing, and music.) (2 points)





What part of your local culture might give a foreigner culture shock? (2 points)





How would you describe the population density of your town or neighborhood? (2 points)





What other areas of the world do you think your town or neighborhood is similar to? (4 points)

Why the coral reef ecosystem matters​
dont copy and paste please

state why the ecosystem is important and support it with facts about the ecosystem.​

Đặc điểm của đô thị hóa ở Việt Nam

What is one reason racial inequality has remained a problem in South Africa since the end of apartheid? A. Black South Africans have mostly left the country. B. White South Africans were stripped of nearly all their property. C. White South Africans control most large farms and businesses. D. Black South Africans have refused to hire any white employees. ​

The Badlands of South Dakota are elevated, eroded plateaus and valleys composed of undeformed sedimentary strata. These are not mountains, because

What is the land left behind after buildings are demolished