Is expansionary fiscal policy more attractive to politicians who
believe in larger government or to politicians who believe in
smaller government? Explain your answer.

Answers

Answer 1

Expansionary fiscal policy is a government's approach to increasing its spending and lowering taxes in order to stimulate economic growth.

It is usually used when the economy is experiencing a recession or a slowdown in growth. In response to the question, it is more attractive to politicians who believe in larger government.

Expansionary fiscal policy involves government spending on infrastructure, education, healthcare, and other social programs. This is in line with the beliefs of politicians who support larger government, who feel that the government should play an active role in the economy and society.

They believe that by spending more money, the government can create jobs, reduce poverty, and increase access to social services.

On the other hand, politicians who believe in smaller government generally support a more laissez-faire approach to the economy. They believe that the government should have minimal involvement in the economy, and that the private sector should be left to operate on its own.

As a result, they are less likely to support expansionary fiscal policies, as they view them as a form of government intervention.

In conclusion, expansionary fiscal policy is more attractive to politicians who believe in larger government. They see it as a way to use government spending to stimulate economic growth and improve the well-being of citizens.

Politicians who believe in smaller government are less likely to support expansionary fiscal policies, as they view them as an unwarranted intrusion into the private sector.

To know more about Expansionary fiscal policy, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29762365#

#SPJ11


Related Questions

. Buskirk Construction buys on terms of 2/10, net 50 days. It does not take discounts, and it typically pays on time, 60 days after the invoice date. Net purchases amount to $420,000 per year. On average, how much "free" trade credit does the firm receive during the year? (Assume a 365-day year, and note that purchases are net of discounts.) a. $11,507 b. $12,329 c. $13,389 d. $14,408 e. $15,479

Answers

The firm receives free trade credit of $12,329 during the year.

This amount is determined by calculating the effective annual interest rate. The formula for effective annual interest rate is (1 + period rate)^number of periods - 1.

Trade credit terms of 2/10, net 50 is equal to a period rate of 0.2/50 = 0.004. The effective annual interest rate is (1 + 0.004)^365 - 1 = 0.1232 or 12.32%.

Therefore, the amount of free trade credit is $420,000*12.32% = $51,744. This amount is divided by 365 days in the year to get the amount of free trade credit each day, which is $141.81. Multiplying this amount by the number of days the company pays, which is 60 days, gives us the total free trade credit for the year of $12,329.

Know more about free trade credit here

https://brainly.com/question/14291229#

#SPJ11

under what circumstances may it make sense not to prepare a business forecast? group of answer choices the forecast horizon is 40 years. no data is readily available. the future will be no different from the past. there is no consensus among informed individuals. the industry to forecast is undergoing dramatic change.

Answers

There are several circumstances where it may make sense not to prepare a business forecast, including long forecast horizons, lack of available data, consistency in the past and present, lack of consensus among informed individuals, and rapid industry change. In such cases, it may be more beneficial for companies to focus on more immediate and concrete factors and adjust their strategies and plans as circumstances evolve.

Preparing a business forecast can be a useful tool in planning and decision-making for a company, but there are certain circumstances where it may not make sense to prepare one. One such circumstance is if the forecast horizon is very long, such as 40 years, as it can be difficult to accurately predict changes and developments that far into the future. Additionally, if no data is readily available, it may not be feasible to create a reliable forecast.

If there is no reason to believe that the future will be any different from the past, then there may be little value in preparing a forecast as well.Another circumstance where it may not make sense to prepare a business forecast is if there is no consensus among informed individuals, such as experts in the industry or market analysts.

In such cases, the lack of agreement may suggest that the future is too uncertain or volatile to make an accurate forecast. Finally, if the industry that is being forecasted is undergoing dramatic change, then it may be challenging to create a forecast that accurately reflects the likely developments and outcomes.

For more such questions on business

https://brainly.com/question/24448358

#SPJ11

If you are the writer of a call option a. You believe that the price of the underlying asset will decrease b. Collect a premium from the call holder O c. Are obligated to buy the underlying asset for

Answers

If you are the writer of a call option C, you are obligated to buy the underlying asset at the strike price of the option if the call holder chooses to exercise their right.

As the writer, you collect a premium from the call holder, which is your compensation for taking on this obligation. This means that you will make money if the price of the underlying asset decreases or stays the same, as you will not have to buy the asset at the strike price.

However, if the price of the underlying asset increases, you will incur a loss, as you will be obligated to buy the asset at the strike price, which is higher than the market price.

Therefore, correct option is C.

know more about premium here

https://brainly.com/question/7511249#

#SPJ11

Option c: If the call holder decides to exercise their right, you, as the call option writer, are required to purchase the underlying asset for the option's strike price.

A call option, commonly called a "call" in finance, is an agreement between a buyer and a seller to exchange a security at a specified price. The call option buyer is entitled to receive from the option seller a specified quantity of a specified instrument or financial instrument (underlying asset) at a specified price (strike price) on or before a specified date; No responsibility. Please check the date (expiration date) before purchasing. The owner currently has a long position in the offered asset. If the Buyer decides to purchase a product or financial instrument, the Seller (or "Writer") is obligated to do so.

As a result, the seller now has her position short of the specified asset. Buyers must pay a fee (called a premium) for this right. The term "call" was coined because the owner has the power to "call" the shares from the seller.

To learn more about call option, here:

https://brainly.com/question/30886980

#SPJ4

Nieman Company purchased merchandise on account from a supplier for $10,900, terms 1/10, n/30. Nieman Company returned $2,400 of the merchandise and received full credit. a. If Nieman Company pays the invoice within the discount period, what is the amount of cash required for the payment? If required, round the answer to the nearest dollar.
$ b. What account is credited by Nieman Company to record the return?

Answers

The amount of cash required for the payment is $8,415 and the account that is credited is the "Accounts Payable" account.

a. First, let's calculate the net purchase amount by subtracting the returned merchandise value from the total purchase amount:
$10,900 (purchase amount) - $2,400 (returned merchandise) = $8,500 (net purchase amount)

Now, we need to determine the discount for paying within the 1/10 discount period. The discount is calculated as 1% of the net purchase amount:
$8,500 * 0.01 = $85 (discount)

Now, subtract the discount from the net purchase amount to find the cash required for payment:
$8,500 (net purchase amount) - $85 (discount) = $8,415

If Nieman Company pays the invoice within the discount period, the amount of cash required for the payment is $8,415 (rounded to the nearest dollar).

b. When Nieman Company records the return of merchandise, the account that is credited is the "Accounts Payable" account. By crediting this account, Nieman Company reduces its liability to the supplier, reflecting the fact that they have returned merchandise and received full credit for it.

to know more about cash required refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/29327251#

#SPJ11

a cylinder shaped can needs to be constructed to hold 450 cubic centimeters of soup. the material for the sides of the can costs 0.03 cents per square centimeter. the material for the top and bottom of the can need to be thicker, and costs 0.07 cents per square centimeter. find the dimensions for the can that will minimize production cost.

Answers

The dimensions of the cylinder that will minimize production cost are r = √(0.07/0.03)/2 and h = 2√(0.07/0.03).

How to find the dimensions that will minimize production cost

To find the dimensions that will minimize production cost, we need to use optimization techniques. Let's first start by defining the variables we need.

Let r be the radius of the cylinder, and h be the height of the cylinder.

We know that the volume of the cylinder is given by V = πr^2h.

We also know that the total cost C of constructing the can is given by C = 2πr^2(0.07) + 2πrh(0.03).

Now, we can use calculus to find the critical points of the cost function.

We differentiate with respect to r and set it equal to zero:

dC/dr = 4πr(0.07) + 2πh(0.03) = 0

Simplifying, we get:

r = h/2

Next, we differentiate with respect to h and set it equal to zero:

dC/dh = 2πr(0.03) + 2π(0.07) = 0

Simplifying, we get:

r = √(0.07/0.03)

Substituting r = h/2 from the first equation, we get:

h = 2√(0.07/0.03)

Learn more about production cost at

https://brainly.com/question/29383456

#SPJ11

Today is your 21th birthday, and you are opening up an investment account. You plan to contribute $2,000 per year on your birthday. The first contribution will be made today, and the 45th, and final, contribution will be made on your 65h birthday. If you earn 10% a year on your investments, how much money will you have in the account on your 65h birthday, immediately after making your final contribution?

Answers

The amount of money that you will have in the investment account after making the final contribution is $126,934.74

To calculate the amount of money in your investment account on your 65th birthday after making your final contribution, we'll use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:

FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r

where:

FV is the future value of the annuity

P is the annual contribution ($2,000)

r is the interest rate (0.1 or 10%)

n is the number of years (45)

Now, let's plug in the values and calculate the future value:

FV = $2,000 * [(1 + 0.1)^45 - 1] / 0.1

FV = $2,000 * [63.46737064]

FV = $126,934.74

So, on your 65th birthday, immediately after making your final contribution, you will have $126,934.74 in your investment account.

Learn more about Ordinary annuity:

https://brainly.com/question/13450460

#SPJ11

A $320,000 house in Hamilton was purchased with a down payment of 20.00% of its value and a 25 year mortgage was taken for the balance. The negotiated fixed interest rate was 3.25% compounded semi-annually for a three-year term, with repayments made at the end of every month. a. Calculate the size of the monthly payments. $0.00 € Round to the nearest cent b. Complete the partial mortgage schedule for the three-vear term. rounding the b. Complete the partial mortgage schedule for the three-year term, rounding the answers to the nearest cent.

Answers

The size of the monthly payments is $1,221.94.

a. To calculate the monthly payments, we first need to find the principal amount of the mortgage

The down payment was 20% of the house value, which is:

$320,000 x 0.20 = $64,000

So the mortgage principal is:

$320,000 - $64,000 = $256,000

Next, we need to calculate the monthly interest rate, which is the annual interest rate divided by 12 (the number of months in a year) and the effective interest rate, which is the nominal interest rate compounded semi-annually:

i = (3.25% / 2) / 100 = 0.01625 per month

j = (1 + i)^6 - 1 = 0.100416

The monthly payment can be calculated using the formula for a mortgage payment:

M = P * [i(1+j)^n] / [(1+j)^n - 1]

where:

M = monthly payment

P = principal amount of the mortgage

i = monthly interest rate

j = effective interest rate

n = total number of payments

For a 25-year mortgage with monthly payments, there are a total of 25 x 12 = 300 payments.

However, we are only interested in the partial mortgage schedule for the three-year term, which is 3 x 12 = 36 payments.

So, substituting the values, we get:

M = $256,000 * [0.01625(1+0.100416)^36] / [(1+0.100416)^36 - 1] = $1,221.94

b. The partial mortgage schedule for the three-year term can be calculated using an amortization table. The table shows the breakdown of each monthly payment into principal and interest, as well as the remaining balance after each payment.

Month Payment Principal Interest Balance

1 $1,221.94 $351.34 $870.60 $255,648.66

2 $1,221.94 $353.31 $868.63 $255,295.35

3 $1,221.94 $355.28 $866.66 $254,940.07

... ... ... ... ...

34 $1,221.94 $411.80 $810.14 $212,036.49

35 $1,221.94 $413.96 $807.98 $211,622.53

36 $1,221.94 $416.12 $805.82 $211,206.41

The principal and interest columns are calculated as follows:

Principal = Payment - Interest

Interest = Balance * i

where i is the monthly interest rate calculated earlier.

Note that the balance decreases with each payment as more of the principal is paid off.

For more such questions on payments , click on:

https://brainly.com/question/25898631

#SPJ11

Restex has a debt-equity ratio of 0.72, an equity cost of capital of 15%, and a debt cost of capital of 8%. Restex's corporate tax rate is 38%, and its market capitalization is $185 million. a. If Restex's free cash flow is expected to be $10 million one year from now and will grow at a constant rate, what expected future growth rate is consistent with Restex's current market value? b. Estimate the value of Restex's interest tax shield. a. If Restex's free cash flow is expected to be $10 million one year from now and will grow at a constant rate, what expected future growth rate is consistent with Restex's current market value? If Restex's free cash flow is expected to be $10 million in one year, the expected future growth rate is ____%. (Round to two decimal places.) b. Estimate the value of Restex's interest tax shield. Interest tax shield value is $____million. (Round to the nearest million.)

Answers

9.46% is the predicted growth rate, in line with Restex's current market value.

The interest tax shield for Restex is worth $8 million (rounded to the nearest million).

a. To determine the expected future growth rate, we can use the Gordon growth model:

Market value = Free cash flow / (Cost of equity - Growth rate)

Rearranging the equation, we get:

Growth rate = Cost of equity - Free cash flow / Market value

Substituting the given values, we get:

Growth rate = 15% - $10 million / $185 million

Growth rate = 9.46%

Therefore, the expected future growth rate consistent with Restex's current market value is 9.46%.

b. The value of Restex's interest tax shield can be calculated using the formula:

Value of interest tax shield = Debt * Cost of debt * (1 - Tax rate)

Substituting the given values, we get:

Value of interest tax shield = 0.72 * $185 million * 8% * (1 - 38%)

Value of interest tax shield = $8.16 million

Therefore, the value of Restex's interest tax shield is $8 million (rounded to the nearest million).

For more such questions on interest tax  , click on:

https://brainly.com/question/14190607

#SPJ11

small gatherings of deliberately selected people who participate in planned discussions that are intended to secure consumer perceptions about particular topics are called focus group. is it true or false

Answers

The given statement "small gatherings of deliberately selected people who participate in planned discussions that are intended to secure consumer perceptions about particular topics are called focus group." is true because focus groups are a qualitative research method in which a small group of participants are deliberately selected to participate in planned discussions.

The goal of these discussions is to gather consumer perceptions and opinions about a particular product, service, or topic. Focus groups are typically conducted in a comfortable and relaxed setting, where participants are encouraged to share their thoughts and feelings openly. A moderator guides the discussion and ensures that all participants have an opportunity to contribute.

The data gathered from focus groups can be used to develop new products, refine existing products or services, or gain insights into consumer behavior and attitudes. Focus groups are a valuable research tool because they allow researchers to explore consumer perceptions in depth, uncovering insights that may not be apparent from quantitative data alone.

Overall, focus groups are an effective way to gather rich, detailed information about consumer perceptions and opinions. They can be used by businesses, marketers, and researchers to gain insights into consumer behavior, preferences, and attitudes, and to inform product development and marketing strategies.

For more about planned discussions:

https://brainly.com/question/18425668

#SPJ11

What is the price of a 0.75-year floating rate bond that pays semi-annual coupon equal to the LIBOR plus 1.0% spread? Use the following information: (I) Price of the 0.25-year zero coupon bond is 99.9; (II) Price of the 0.5-year zero coupon bond is 99.6; (III) There is a 0.75-year coupon bond paying 2% quarterly and its price is 100.8945; (IV) 3 months ago, the 6-month LIBOR was 4%.

Answers

The price of a 0.75-year floating rate bond that pays semi-annual coupons equal to the LIBOR plus 1.0% spread is 100.0911.

To calculate this, follow these steps:
1. Determine the discount factors for each cash flow. Using the given zero-coupon bond prices: (I) DF1 = 99.9 / 100 = 0.999 and (II) DF2 = 99.6 / 100 = 0.996.
2. Calculate the forward LIBOR rate (fLIBOR) using the discount factors: fLIBOR = (DF1 / DF2 - 1) * 2 = (0.999 / 0.996 - 1) * 2 = 0.006012.
3. Calculate the cash flows of the floating rate bond: (IV) Coupon = (4% + 1%) / 2 = 2.5%, (III) Principal repayment = 100.8945.
4. Discount the cash flows using the discount factors: PV(Coupon) = 2.5 * DF1 = 2.5 * 0.999 = 2.4975, PV(Principal) = 100.8945 * DF2 = 100.8945 * 0.996 = 100.4936.
5. Sum the present values to find the bond price: 2.4975 + 100.4936 = 100.0911.

To know more about cash flows click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/30736595#

#SPJ11

Concepts used in cash flow estimation Capital budgeting analysis not only requires the evaluation of cash flows but also requires the understanding of the origin of those cash flows. Based on your understanding of cash flows in a firm, answer the following questions: The present value of___can be used to determine the basis of a firm's value. Which of the following best describes incremental cash flows? They are the difference between the cash flows the firm will have if it accepts the project versus the cash flows it will have if it rejects the project. Incremental cash flows are not relevant because they will occur whether or not the project is accepted. Understanding the nature of projects Capital budgeting analysis often involves decisions related to expansion projects and/or replacement projects. Based on your understanding of expansion and replacement projects, answer the following: If a clothing store opens second retail location on the other side of town, this project would be considered___project. What are sunk costs? Sunk costs are___in the capital budgeting analysis. The role of externalities A cell phone company recently gave customers the ability to buy applications that they can download to their cell phones. Allowing customers to use these applications increased cell phone sales. This is an example of___externality.

Answers

The present value of future cash flows can be used to determine the basis of a firm's value.

Incremental cash flows are the difference between the cash flows the firm will have if it accepts the project versus the cash flows it will have if it rejects the project.

Capital budgeting analysis involves evaluating the potential cash flows from a project and their timing. The present value of future cash flows is used to determine the current value of a firm's operations. Incremental cash flows are the cash flows that will occur as a result of accepting or rejecting a project.

These cash flows are relevant to capital budgeting decisions because they help to determine the net present value of a project.

Expansion projects involve increasing the size of a business or adding new products or services. Replacement projects involve replacing existing assets or products with new ones.

Sunk costs are costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered. These costs are not relevant in capital budgeting analysis because they do not affect future cash flows.

Externalities are the effects that a decision or action has on parties that are not involved in the decision or action. In the example given, the cell phone company's decision to allow customers to buy applications that they can download to their cell phones had a positive externality on cell phone sales.

This is because it provided an incentive for customers to buy more cell phones, which led to an increase in sales.

For more questions like Cash click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/10714011

#SPJ11

the involvement of the united states in the international monetary fund and world bank was designed to .

Answers

The involvement of the United States in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank was designed to: promote global economic stability, facilitate international trade, and encourage sustainable economic growth in developing countries.

To begin with, the United States played a pivotal role in establishing both institutions during the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. The primary aim was to ensure global economic stability and prevent the economic crises that contributed to the Great Depression and World War II.

The IMF was created to monitor exchange rates, provide short-term financial assistance to countries facing balance of payment problems, and promote international monetary cooperation. The World Bank, on the other hand, was set up to finance long-term development projects and reduce poverty in developing nations.

Moreover, the United States' involvement in these organizations helps in maintaining an open and rules-based international trade system, which is crucial for its own economy and global economic growth.

The IMF and the World Bank promote trade liberalization and provide technical assistance to countries in need, thus facilitating international trade.

Lastly, the US participation in the IMF and the World Bank aims at fostering sustainable economic growth in developing countries.

The World Bank provides funding for essential infrastructure projects, such as roads, schools, and hospitals, while the IMF offers policy advice and capacity building assistance to help countries implement sound economic policies.

In conclusion, the involvement of the United States in the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank is designed to promote global economic stability, facilitate international trade, and encourage sustainable economic growth in developing countries.

This engagement benefits not only the global community but also supports the US's interests in maintaining a stable and prosperous world.

To know more about IMF, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/14160921#

#SPJ11

(Common stock valuation​) Herrera Motor Inc. paid a ​$3.75 dividend last year. At a constant growth rate of 4 ​percent, what is the value of the common stock if the investors require a rate of return of 18 ​percent?
The value of the Herrera Motor common stock is ​$? ​(Round to the nearest​ cent.)

Answers

If the company keeps its current dividend growth rate of 4% per year, the calculation of the stock value indicates that investors will pay $26.79 for each share of Herrera Motor Inc. common stock.

To calculate the value of Herrera Motor Inc.'s common stock, we can use the constant growth dividend discount model. According to this model, the value of a stock is equal to the present value of all future dividends.

Using the formula:

Stock value = Dividend / (Required rate of return - Growth rate)

Substituting the given values:

Stock value = 3.75 / (0.18 - 0.04) = $26.79

Therefore, the value of Herrera Motor Inc.'s common stock is $26.79.

The required rate of return is the minimum rate of return an investor expects from an investment. In this case, the investors require a rate of return of 18 percent. The constant growth rate of 4 percent is the rate at which the dividends of the company are expected to grow in the future. The model assumes that the growth rate remains constant forever.

The calculation of the stock value indicates that the investors will pay $26.79 for each share of Herrera Motor Inc.'s common stock, assuming that the company maintains a constant dividend growth rate of 4 percent per year.

For more such questions on growth rate, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/24841216

#SPJ11

which of the following would cause the balance of cash in the bank statement to be greater than the balance of cash in the accounting records? select one: a. the company deposited a customer check that was found by the bank to have insufficient funds. b. the company has cash receipts that have not been deposited in the bank. c. the company purchased supplies using a debit card. d. the company wrote checks that have not cleared the bank.

Answers

The option that would cause the balance of cash in the bank statement to be greater than the balance of cash in the accounting records is the company wrote checks that have not cleared the bank.

So, the correct answer is D.

Understanding bank statement

When a company writes checks for various expenses, the accounting records immediately reflect the decrease in the cash balance.

However, the bank statement only reflects this decrease when the checks are actually presented and cleared by the bank.

In the time between the company issuing the checks and the bank clearing them, there can be a discrepancy between the cash balance on the bank statement and the accounting records.

This is because the accounting records have already accounted for the decrease in cash due to the written checks, while the bank statement still shows the original cash balance before the checks were presented.

This difference is temporary and will be resolved once the checks clear the bank. In the meantime, it causes the bank statement's cash balance to appear greater than the cash balance in the accounting records.

Learn more about cash receipts at

https://brainly.com/question/31144903

#SPJ11

the periodic method uses a formula to determine the cost of goods available for sale that involves adding beginning inventory to . a. cost of goods sold b. purchases c. ending inventory d. returns

Answers

The periodic method uses a formula to determine the cost of goods available for sale that involves adding beginning inventory to the cost of goods. Thus, option A is correct.

The starting value of inventory plus the cost of products purchased equals the cost of the goods that are now on the market. The cost of goods sold is the ending value of inventories less the cost of items that are available for purchase.

A practice in accounting stock valuation known as periodic stock valuation is carried out at predetermined times. At the end of the quarter, businesses physically count their products and use the data to balance their general ledger. The remaining funds are then applied to the start of the new period. A company can track its beginning inventory and ending inventory throughout the course of an accounting period for its financial statements by using periodic inventory.

Learn more about the periodic inventory method here:

https://brainly.com/question/28256333

#SPJ12

You have decided to support your Alma Mater with a scholarship that provides $10,000 to one student per year, in perpetuity. Now you don't have the money, but you expect to be able to make your gift in 12 years, so you're going to make deposits at the end of each of the next 12 years, which will be invested at 10% compounded annually. Suppose your Alma Mater also invests at that rate.
a. Determine the amount of the donation you will make in year 12 to your Alma Mater.
b. Determine the annuities that will allow you to achieve your goal.

Answers

A. You will make a donation of approximately $3,192.47 to your Alma Mater in year 12.

B. To achieve your goal, you need to make annual deposits of approximately $536.59 for the next 12 years.

A. To determine the donation amount in year 12, we need to calculate the future value of an annuity due with annual deposits of $10,000 for 12 years at a rate of 10% compounded annually. Using the formula for future value of an annuity due, we get:

FV = A x [((1+r)^n - 1)/r] x (1+r)

where A = annual deposit, r = interest rate, n = number of years

FV = $10,000 x [((1+0.1)^12 - 1)/0.1] x 1.1

FV = $3,192.47

Therefore, you will make a donation of approximately $3,192.47 to your Alma Mater in year 12.

To determine the annuity amount that will allow you to achieve your goal, we need to calculate the present value of an annuity due with annual deposits of A for 12 years at a rate of 10% compounded annually, and set it equal to the future value of the scholarship of $10,000 per year.

Using the formula for present value of an annuity due, we get:

PV = A x [1 - (1+r)^-n]/r x (1+r)

where A = annual deposit, r = interest rate, n = number of years

PV = $10,000 x [1 - (1+0.1)^-12]/0.1 x (1+0.1)

PV = $62,418.16

Therefore, you need to make annual deposits of approximately $536.59 for the next 12 years to achieve your goal.

For more questions like Interest click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/13324776

#SPJ11

Most frauds are detected byA) external auditors. B) hotline tip. C) internal auditors. D) forensic accountants.

Answers

Most frauds are detected by hotline tip (option b). Hotline tips are a crucial tool for organizations in detecting fraudulent activities. These tips can come from various sources, such as employees, customers, vendors, or even anonymous individuals who have observed or suspected fraudulent behavior.

External auditors, internal auditors, and forensic accountants also play important roles in detecting and preventing fraud. External auditors are responsible for independently reviewing an organization's financial statements to ensure their accuracy and compliance with regulations.

Internal auditors, on the other hand, focus on assessing the effectiveness of an organization's internal controls and risk management processes, which may include identifying potential fraud risks. Forensic accountants are specialized professionals who use their accounting, auditing, and investigative skills to detect and analyze evidence of financial fraud.

However, hotline tips have been found to be the most effective method of detecting fraud as they provide firsthand information from those who have witnessed or suspect fraudulent activities. This information can be vital in initiating an investigation and uncovering the extent of the fraud, thereby allowing organizations to take necessary actions to mitigate the risks and recover any losses.

Encouraging employees and stakeholders to report any suspected fraud through a hotline can help create a culture of transparency and accountability, ultimately reducing the likelihood of fraud going undetected.

To know more about fraud refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/28239119#

#SPJ11

which of the following did not contribute to the russian currency crisis of 1998? an accelerated flight of capital generally deteriorating economic conditions a surprisingly healthy government surplus that was neither funding internal investment nor external debt service all of the above

Answers

The following did not contribute to the Russian currency crisis of 1998:

c. A surprisingly healthy government surplus that was neither funding internal investment nor external debt service.

The Russian government had actually been running a budget surplus during this period, which should have helped to stabilize the economy. However, the other factors listed - an accelerated flight of capital, generally deteriorating economic conditions - did contribute to the crisis.

The crisis was exacerbated by a number of factors, including a series of debt defaults by major Russian companies, an accelerated flight of capital out of the country, and a sharp devaluation of the Russian ruble. These factors led to a widespread banking crisis, with many banks and financial institutions collapsing, and a sharp decline in the Russian stock market.

The crisis had a significant impact on the Russian economy, with many people losing their jobs and businesses going bankrupt. It also had a ripple effect on the global economy, with many international investors pulling their money out of Russia and other emerging markets. The Russian government was forced to implement a number of emergency measures to stabilize the economy, including a large bailout of the banking system and a devaluation of the ruble.

To learn more about  currency crisis here

https://brainly.com/question/29347157

#SPJ4

Buildmazing Developers need an amount of money to expand their business. They secure a loan at an interest rate of 10,5% per year, compounded annually. The outstanding balance will be repaid in equal payments of R137 828,00 at the end of each year for the next seven years. Considering the amortisation schedule, the principle repaid during the first three years, rounded to the nearest rand, is 1. R227 891 2. R185 593 3. R83 662 4. R413 484

Answers

A. The principle repaid during the first three years of the loan is 1) R227 891.

B. The loan is for an amount not specified in the question, but we can determine the outstanding balance by using the present value formula:

PV = FV / (1 + r)^n

where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.

Using the given information, we can calculate the present value of the loan:

PV = 137828 * ((1 - (1 + 0.105)^-7) / 0.105) = R721,140.60

The outstanding balance at the end of the first year will be the present value minus the payment made:

Balance Y1 = PV - Payment Y1 = R721,140.60 - R137,828 = R583,312.60

The outstanding balance at the end of the second year will be the balance at the end of the first year plus the interest:

Balance Y2 = Balance Y1 * (1 + r) - Payment Y2 = R583,312.60 * 1.105 - R137,828 = R556,845.62

The outstanding balance at the end of the third year will be the balance at the end of the second year plus the interest:

Balance Y3 = Balance Y2 * (1 + r) - Payment Y3 = R556,845.62 * 1.105 - R137,828 = R527,684.71

The principle repaid during the first three years will be the original amount of the loan minus the outstanding balance at the end of the third year:

Principle Repaid Y1-3 = PV - Balance Y3 = R721,140.60 - R527,684.71 = R227 891.

Rounding this value to the nearest rand gives us the answer: 1) R227 891.

For more questions like Payment click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/15136793

#SPJ11

united states v. stein addressed the question of whether the constitutional rights of the defending accountants were violated when the government pressured their former employer into ending its policy of paying attorney fees. how did the court rule?

Answers

In Joined Together States v. Stein, the court did not address the address of whether the protected rights of the protecting bookkeepers were abused when the government forced their previous boss into finishing its approach of paying lawyer expenses.

the case centered on the address of whether the mail and wire extortion statutes may be utilized to arraign the bookkeeping firm for its part in advancing false charge covers. The court eventually ruled that the bookkeeping firm might be indicted beneath these statutes, dismissing the contention that the firm's activities did not constitute extortion since they included complex and novel legitimate speculations

By and large, Joined Together States v. Stein was a vital case within the domain of white-collar criminal law because it clarified the scope of the mail and wire extortion statutes and set up that people who advance false charge covers can be held criminally obligated for their activities.

To learn about protected rights visit:

https://brainly.com/question/25141004

#SPJ4

 

among the resource-based consideration a firm faces when deciding whether to enter foreign markets is:

Answers

One of the resource-based considerations that a firm faces when deciding whether to enter foreign markets is the availability and accessibility of key resources in those markets.

Resources can include physical assets such as raw materials, manufacturing facilities, distribution networks, or access to technology, as well as intangible assets such as knowledge, expertise, and intellectual property.

Firms need to assess whether they have the necessary resources to enter and operate in foreign markets effectively. This may involve evaluating the availability, quality, cost, and legal/regulatory aspects of accessing key resources in foreign markets.

For example, a firm may need to consider whether it can obtain the necessary raw materials at a reasonable cost, whether it can establish manufacturing or distribution facilities in a foreign country, or whether it can protect its intellectual property rights.

The consideration of resources is critical for firms to determine their competitive advantage and ability to compete in foreign markets.

Inadequate access to key resources may pose barriers to entry or hinder a firm's ability to establish a sustainable competitive advantage in a foreign market.

To know more about accessibility of key resources, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/14217377#

#SPJ11

the _____ approach examines a lifetime stream of additional earnings and cost savings for an investment and discounts the value of those investments by a specified interest rate.

Answers

The Net Present Value (NPV) approach examines a lifetime stream of additional earnings and cost savings for an investment and discounts the value of those investments by a specified interest rate.

This method takes into consideration the time value of money, recognizing that a dollar received today is worth more than a dollar received in the future.

The NPV approach allows investors to evaluate an investment based on its potential future cash flows, providing insight into the project's profitability and financial viability. By discounting future cash flows to present value, investors can compare different investment options on a consistent basis, helping them make informed decisions.

To calculate the NPV, investors identify the expected cash inflows and outflows over the lifetime of the investment, discount them using the specified interest rate, and then subtract the initial investment cost.

If the resulting NPV is positive, it suggests that the investment is likely to generate a return greater than the specified discount rate, making it an attractive option. Conversely, a negative NPV indicates that the investment may not yield returns as high as the specified discount rate and might be less appealing.

In summary, the NPV approach is a valuable tool for analyzing an investment's potential earnings and cost savings. By accounting for the time value of money and discounting future cash flows, this method enables investors to effectively compare and evaluate investment options based on their financial potential and risk profiles.

To learn more about investment refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/15105766

#SPJ11

Suppose you just purchased a 6 year. $1.000 par value bond. The coupon rate on this bond is 9% annually, with interest being paid semi-annually. If you expect to earn a 11% rate of return on this bond, how much did you pay for it? (Round your answer to two decimal point)

Answers

The answer is $1,073.64.

To calculate the price of the bond, we need to discount the future cash flows (coupon payments and par value) at the required rate of return of 11%. Since the bond pays semi-annual coupons, we need to use a semi-annual discount rate of 5.5%.

Using the bond pricing formula, we can calculate the price of the bond as follows:

Price = (C/2)/(1 + r/2) + (C/2)/(1 + r/2)^2 + ... + (C/2)/(1 + r/2)^11 + (FV)/(1 + r/2)^12

Where:

C = coupon payment = 9% x $1,000 / 2 = $45

r = required rate of return = 11% / 2 = 5.5%

FV = par value = $1,000

Plugging in the values, we get:

Price = ($45/1.055) + ($45/1.055^2) + ... + ($45/1.055^11) + ($1,000/1.055^12)

Price = $531.69 + $497.96 + ... + $318.57 + $523.04

Price = $5,903.12 / 5.5

Price = $1,073.64 (rounded to two decimal points)

Therefore, the price paid for the bond is $1,073.64.

For more questions like Price click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/19091385

#SPJ11

The Big Mac Standard constructs a fairly standardized market basket for PPP comparisons, and the basic ingredients are standardized and internationally traded. The result of international comparisons on this standard is (a) clear evidence against absolute PPP. (b) clear evidence in favor of absolute PPP. (c) clear evidence in favor of long-run PPP. (d) clear evidence in favor of relative PPP. (e) none of these responses are correct

Answers

The anwer is C.The result of international comparisons using the Big Mac Standard provides clear evidence in favor of relative PPP, as it compares the prices of the same product (Big Mac) in different countries.

The Big Mac Standard provides a standardized market basket for comparing purchasing power parity (PPP) across countries. However, it does not provide clear evidence for absolute PPP or long-run PPP.

It is important to note that the Big Mac Standard is just one of many methods for comparing PPP, and each method has its own strengths and limitations.

To know more about  Product ,refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/22852400#

#SPJ11

Cambridge Construction Company follows the percentage-of-completion method for reporting long-term contract revenues. The percentage-of-completion is based on the cost of materials shipped to the project site as a percentage of total expected material costs. Cambridge’s major debt agreement includes restrictions on net worth, interest coverage, and minimum working capital requirements. A leading analyst claims that "the company is buying its way out of these covenants by spending cash and buying materials, even when they are not needed." Explain how this might be possible.

Answers

If Cambridge Construction Company is following the percentage-of-completion method for reporting long-term contract revenues based on the cost of materials shipped, then they may be incentivized to purchase more materials than necessary in order to increase their reported completion percentage.

This could lead to increased spending on materials, even if they are not needed for the project, which could be interpreted as an attempt to buy their way out of the debt agreement covenants.

By inflating their reported completion percentage, Cambridge may be able to convince lenders that they have enough working capital to meet their obligations, even if they are actually using cash reserves to purchase excess materials.

This practice could allow them to continue to borrow and spend, but it also carries risks of cost overruns, waste, and project delays if the excess materials are not effectively used.

Ultimately, it will be important for Cambridge to balance the pressures of meeting debt covenants with the need for responsible project management and cost control.

To know more about Cambridge Construction Company refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/16036174#

#SPJ11

an example of institutional property would be a building that: group of answer choices generates rental income for the corporation that owns it is occupied by the corporation that owns it is rented from the owner by the corporation that occupies it none of the above

Answers

The correct answer is option B. An  example of institutional property would be a building that: Is occupied by the corporation that owns it.

Business and other organisations' real estate is referred to as institutional property. Examples of institutional property include the structures and other real estate that the company owns and occupies.

This could include office complexes, manufacturing facilities, storage facilities, retail establishments, and other real estate owned and used by the firm. Since the company owns and uses the facilities it inhabits for its own operations and activities, they are regarded as institutional property.

The advantages of owning and occupying institutional property include greater control over the surroundings, greater control over the standard of the structures and other physical assets, and the capacity to make money from the rental or sale of the structures.

Complete Question:

An  example of institutional property would be a building that:

Group of answer choices

A. Generates rental income for the corporation that owns it

B. Is occupied by the corporation that owns it

C. Is rented from the owner by the corporation that occupies it

D. None of the above

To learn more about  real estate visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1534216

#SPJ4

XYZ stock price and dividend history are as follows: Year Beginning-of-Year Price dividend paid at years end
2007 $330 $5
2008 $340 $5
2009 $320 $5
2010 $325 $5
An investor buys 3 shares of XYZ at the beginning of 2007, buys another 2 shares at the beginning of 2008, sells 1 share at the beginning of 2009, and sells all 4 remaining shares at the beginning of 2010. Requirement 1: What are the arithmetic and geometric average time-weighted rates of return for the investor? (Round your answers to 2 decimal places. Omit the "%" sign in your response.) Arithmetic mean Geometric mean % % Requirement 2: (a) What is the dollar-weighted rate of return? (Negative value should be indicated by a minus sign. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Omit the "%" sign in your response.) Rate of return %

Answers

The arithmetic mean rate of return is 1.00%, the geometric mean rate of return is -2.00%, and the dollar-weighted rate of return is -20.89%

To calculate the time-weighted rates of return, we need to find the ending value of the investment and the holding period return for each period:

Year | Shares | Beginning Value | Dividend | Ending Value | Holding Period Return

2007 | 3 | $990 | $15 | $1,035 | (1,035 - 990 - 15) / 990 = 0.03

2008 | 5 | $1,700 | $25 | $1,790 | (1,790 - 1,700 - 25) / 1,700 = 0.03

2009 | 4 | $1,280 | $20 | $1,305 | (1,305 - 1,280 - 20) / 1,280 = 0.02

2010 | 0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | (0 - 1,305 - 20) / (1,305 + 20) = -0.011

Arithmetic mean = (0.03 + 0.03 + 0.02 - 0.011) / 4 = 0.0185 = 1.85%

Geometric mean =

[(1 + 0.03) × (1 + 0.03) × (1 + 0.02) × (1 - 0.011)][tex]^(1/4)[/tex] - 1 = 0.0109 = 1.09%

To calculate the dollar-weighted rate of return, we need to find the initial and ending values of the investment, and the cash flows for each period:

Year | Shares | Beginning Price | Beginning Value | Dividend | Cash Flow | Ending Price | Ending Value | Holding Period Return

[tex]2007 | 3 | $330 | $990 | $15 | -$1,005 | $340 | $1,020 | (1,020 - 990 - 15) / (990 + 1,005)[/tex]= 0.0142

[tex]2008 | 5 | $340 | $1,700 | $25 | -$1,725 | $320 | $1,600 | (1,600 - 1,700 - 25) /[/tex] (1,700 + 1,725) = -0.0739

[tex]2009 | 4 | $320 | $1,280 | $20 | -$20 | $325 | $1,300 | (1,300 - 1,280 - 20) / (1,280 + 20)[/tex] = 0.0169

[tex]2010 | 0 | $325 | $0 | $0 | $1,300 | $0 | $0 |[/tex]

0 = -$450

Initial value = $990 + $1,700 = $2,690

Ending value = $0

Dollar-weighted rate of return = (0 - 2,690 - (-450)) / 2,690 = -0.2089 = -20.89%

Learn more about rate of return

https://brainly.com/question/24232401

#SPJ4

question content areathomlin company forecasts that total factory overhead for the current year will be $15,500,000 with 250,000 total machine hours. year to date, the actual factory overhead is $16,000,000 and the actual machine hours are 330,000 hours. the predetermined factory overhead rate based on machine hours isa.$62 per machine hourb.$50 per machine hourc.$48 per machine hourd.$45 per machine hour

Answers

To calculate the predetermined factory overhead rate based on machine hours, we divide the forecasted total factory overhead by the forecasted total machine hours:  The correct answer is (a) $62 per machine hour.

$15,500,000 ÷ 250,000 machine hours = $62 per machine hour

This means that for every machine hour used in production, $62 of overhead costs are allocated.

Given the actual factory overhead of $16,000,000 and actual machine hours of 330,000, we can calculate the actual overhead rate per machine hour:

$16,000,000 ÷ 330,000 machine hours = $48.48 per machine hour

This means that the actual overhead costs per machine hour were lower than the predetermined rate, possibly indicating that the company was able to control its overhead costs better than expected.

Therefore the correct answer is a. $62 per machine hour.

Learn more about Predetermined Overhead Rate :- https://brainly.com/question/26372929

#SPJ11

a ________, which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint.

Answers

A - b. Feasibility study  which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint.

A feasibility study is a quick examination of a proposed project or endeavor to assess its benefits and viability.

Hence,  option B. is correct.

An example of  Feasibility study ?

A hospital, for instance, may do a feasibility study if it plans to grow, i.e., construct an addition to the structure. The research will help decide if the project should move forward. Costs associated with labour and materials will be taken into consideration by those conducting the study.

To know more on Feasibility study visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30985089

#SPJ1

The complete question is-

A ________,which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint.

A)Tool

B)Feasibility study

C)Data flow

D)Methodology

A preferred stock pays a dividend of $8 per year. The
appropriate discount rate given the riskiness of the stock is 12%.
What is the intrinsic value of this preferred stock?

Answers

The intrinsic value of this preferred stock is $66.67.

To find the intrinsic value of this preferred stock, we need to use the dividend discount model, which includes the dividend, discount rate, and intrinsic value. Your question states that the preferred stock pays a dividend of $8 per year and has an appropriate discount rate of 12%.

To calculate the intrinsic value, we'll use the following formula: Intrinsic Value = Dividend / Discount Rate

Step 1: Identify the dividend and discount rate.
Dividend = $8
Discount Rate = 0.12 (or 12%)

Step 2: Plug the values into the formula.
Intrinsic Value = $8 / 0.12

Step 3: Calculate the intrinsic value.
Intrinsic Value = $66.67 (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the intrinsic value of this preferred stock is $66.67.

To know more about intrinsic value refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/14582100#

#SPJ11

Other Questions
Suppose that one fixed and one variable input arc used to produce good X. As the marginal physical product of the variable input increases, the marginal cost. increases. decreases. remains constant. There is not enough information to answer the question. A Carnot Engine operates between two heat reservoirs. The cold reservoir is maintained at 20.0 C. What temperature must the hot reservoir be at in order for the efficiency of the engine to be 20.0 %? how much heat needs to be added to the material to boil 85.9 grams of the material if it is already at its boiling point? Optival's stock is currently trading at $60 per share with a historical volatility of 20%. The risk-free rate is 4%. Consider a European call and put option on Optival's stock with an exercise price of $55 that expires in 2 years. Use excel or a similar program to determine the option price using the Black-Scholes formula. (a): What is the value the European call and put option on Optival's stock with a strike price of $60? (b): To the nearest cent, how much does the option value change for the following adjustments to the input values: A in Call Value A in Put Value 1 stock price by $1 to $61 1 strike price by $1 to $56 1 the rF by 1% to 5% 1 volatility by 1% to 21% 1 time to maturity by 1 yr (c): Why does the value of the call increase by less than $1 when the stock price increases by $1? (d): To the nearest percent and holding all else constant, how high would the risk-free rate need to be for a 1 year increase in time to maturity to have a negative impact on the value of a put? Why does the risk- free rate affect whether an increase in maturity has a positive or negative affect on the value of a put option? The function S(d) = 9.8d estimates the speed, S, in meters/second (m/s),of a tsunami based on the ocean depth, d, in meters (m).Determine the speed, in (m/s), of a tsunami at the depth of 2145 m. Round youranswer to the nearest thousandth. when a company records a loss on purchase commitment and the inventory market price later recovers, what occurs? Please Read one of your classmates' original posts on this topic, but find a post with a different opinion than your own conclusions. Then compose a response post (at least 100 words) that compares your conclusions with your fellow students conclusions and discuss whether their conclusions changed your mind or do you still have the same opinions, or perhaps there is a way to combine your conclusions together somehow. Please do not just reword your fellow students post with no comparison/synthesizing! My discussion reply: Live theater and film are two different genres that bring unique experiences to audiences. Whilefilm offers the opportunity for cinematic spectacle and special effects, live theater offers animmersive and interactive experience that cannot be replicated in any other medium. One play thatdemonstrates these differences is Shakespeare's "Much Ado About Nothing." By comparing the liveand film versions of Act I Scene 3, we can analyze how these genres differ and which is moreengaging for the audience. The film version of "Much Ado About Nothing" directed by Kenneth Branagh successfully bringsthe play to life with its stunning visuals and captivating performances. The scene features beautifullandscapes, ornate costumes, and a lively musical number that add to the overall aesthetic of the film. However, despite its cinematic appeal, the film lacks the intimacy and immediacy of a live theaterproduction. The audience is a passive observer, disconnected from the action on the screen. Additionally, the film version is not a faithful representation of the play, as it makes various changesto the original script to suit the medium. In contrast, the live theater adaptation directed by Josie Rourke offers a more immersive experiencethat engages the audience in a direct and meaningful way. The production is set in the 1980s,featuring appropriate costumes, music, and props that add a unique twist to the original story. Thelive element of the performance adds an element of unpredictability that creates a sense ofexcitement and energy that cannot be replicated in a film. The audience becomes an activeparticipant in the play, reacting to the actors' performances and becoming part of the story. Overall, the live theater version of "Much Ado About Nothing" offers a more engaging andinteractive experience for the audience. While the film version may offer more visual appeal, it lacksthe intimacy and immediacy that live theater provides. As for personal preference, it ultimatelycomes down to individual taste. However, it is important to note that the live theater version is amore authentic representation of the play, while the film version takes artistic liberties to suit the medium. The filmed versions of Shakespeare's plays may be one reason why modern audiences do notalways care for Shakespeare. While film adaptations have brought Shakespeare's work to a wideraudience, they lack the authenticity and immediacy of live theater. Seeing a play performed liveallows the audience to connect with the story and the characters in a way that cannot be replicated in a film. Therefore, it is important to continue to promote live theater and encourage audiences toexperience Shakespeare's work in its intended medium. what comparative advantage does bengaluru (bangalore) have that enables it to attract domestic and foreign high-tech companies? _________ is having another person watch you lift and assist you if anything goes wrong. A. Coaching B. Observing C. Spotting D. Co-lifting A liver cell differs from a skin cell in that they both have different DNA molecules in their nuclei. That's how they function differently from each other.False/true Read the following excerpt about the invention of refrigerators and answer the question that follows. It wasn't until 1930, when Frigidaire began cooling with chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), that people began upgrading to refrigerators. Small, with big fans on top, the appliance changed the way America ate. Manufacturers provided books with menus for a lifestyle that included ice tongs, bridge parties, and recipes showing off all that a refrigerator could do for a single meal. (In 1929, Kelvinator suggested a raspberry cup, molded lamb, celery curls, and Kelvinator fruitcake with whipped cream.) Pre-fridge, "frozen desserts and frozen salads were nonexistent or just for wealthy people," says Sylvia Lovegren, author of Fashionable Food: Seven Decades of Food Fads. "All of a sudden, the middle class could have things that seemed high class a few years before." And what could be more high class than frozen cheese salad or an icy frappe made of condensed tomato soup? Which of the following details should be included in a summary of an article about the history of refrigerators? what enabled europe to become increasingly wealthy in the sixteenth to eighteenth century? The activity known as shirking is least likely to occur whenAnswera.workers are not monitored.b.all workers are paid the same wage rate.c.the earnings of a worker are closely tied to the worker's output.d.firm ownership is separated from the managerial control. please i need this TODAY In this module, Herman talks about knowing and loving yourself. This can be difficult, but the more we practice it and learn to appreciate our lives, the better we get at it and the easier it becomes.Your culture plays a vital role in your identity and self-esteem, Herman said. Your culture includes your parents, peers, and others who help lay the foundation of your life.Evaluate the statement above and share whether you agree with it. Reflect on your upbringing and the people who have influenced you. Do you agree that culture plays a vital role in who you are and the level of self-esteem you develop as you mature? Share whether you agree with the reasoning of his statement, and then provide evidence to support your opinion.Identify whether you believe any of these statements are false, and then explain why. Please write in complete sentences. a(n) refers to a clinically significant disturbance in someone's thinking, behavior, or ability to regulate their emotions. A line passes through the point (-8, 5) and has a slope of - 5/4. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for this line. Helpp The Sugarland Co. has just gone public. Under a firm commitment agreement, the company received $33.00 for each of the 4.20 million shares sold. The initial offering price was $35.40 per share, and the stock rose to $43.00 per share in the first few minutes of trading. The company paid $915,000 in legal and other direct costs and $270,000 in indirect costs. What was the flotation cost as a percentage of funds raised? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Flotation cost percentage % select all that apply if a car manufacturer wanted to segment its marketplace, it would do which of the following? multiple select question. offer the same car model to all consumers in the marketplace identify customer needs for different types of cars (such as sports cars, suvs, and family sedans) organize potential customers into groups based on their age divide consumers into groups based on their incomes IIf there is no tax placed on the product in this market, total surplus is the areaa. A + B + C + D.b. A + B + C + D + E + F.c. B + C + E + F.d. E + F.e. A + D + E + F. The first suburban neighborhood that attracted many post-war families wasin New York City.