Joe and Sam were adopted as infants into different families. They have just met and noticed how much they look alike. They are also the same age and suspect that they are twins who were separated at birth. They wish to know the truth, so have their DNA analyzed. Study this DNA fingerprint (RFLP method) and write a short essay that answers the following questions:
a. In the last column of the DNA fingerprint, what does "frequency of occurrence" mean?
b. What is the probability that Joe and Sam are not twins (i.e., that the DNA in the fingerprints could have come from unrelated men)?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The missing diagram in the question is attached in the image below.
(A)
From the image below, the frequency of occurrence is shown in the last column.
The frequency of occurrence means the particular band for the entire whole population.
As an example:
1 in 15 frequency of occurrence means; ⇒ One (1) out of every fifteen (15) people has the band.
1 in 450 frequency of occurrence means; ⇒ One (1) out of every 450 people has the band.
(B)
However, Let the probability that Joe and Sam are twins be = A
and the probability that they are not twins be denoted with B;
Then;
P(B) = 1 - P(A)
where;
P(A) = Probability of specific bands appearing on the gel in every one of them
[tex]P(A) =\Big( \dfrac{1}{15}\times \dfrac{1}{15}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{450}\times \dfrac{1}{450}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{32}\times \dfrac{1}{32}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{70}\times \dfrac{1}{70}\Big)[/tex]
[tex]P(A) =\Big( \dfrac{1}{225}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{202500}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{1024}\Big)\times \Big( \dfrac{1}{4900}\Big)[/tex]
P(A) = 4.37 × 10⁻¹⁵
∴
P(B) = 1 - P(A)
P(B) = 1 - 4.37 × 10⁻¹⁵
P(B) ≅ 1
Related Questions
Compare and contrast the cell cycle with mitosis and the cell cycle with meiosis. Citing 4 similarities and 5 differences.
Answers
Answer:
according to the type
Explanation:
they depend on the type
Chemical energy in the form of food is changed into what?
Answers
Cardiogenic shock shock results when: The body loses an excessive amount of blood The body's blood vessels are dilated The left ventricle cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's demands Trauma results in temporary loss of the autonomic function of the spinal cord
Answers
Answer:
The left ventricle cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's demands
Explanation:
Cardiogenic shock is a problem that occurs when the heart cannot pump the adequate amount of blood to supply all organs. In this situation, the left ventricle, responsible for pumping oxygen-rich blood, cannot pump enough blood to tend the body's demands. This causes blood pressure to drop and oxygen in the tissues to be lacking. In addition, this situation can cause accumulation of fluid in the lungs. This is a very dangerous problem, being one of the main causes of myocardial infarction.
What is an advantage to the type of circuit shown in the image to the left? A. The bulb closest to the battery is the brightest. B. If one bulb burns out, the others will stay lit. C. If one bulb burns out, the others will too.
Answers
Answer:b
Explanation:
Pregnancy comes with a unique set of diet and lifestyle guidelines. Some substances are particularly beneficial for the mother or baby, others are harmful, and some should be used with caution.
a. True
b. False
Answers
Answer:
I believe it it A. True
Hope this helps
Answer:
a
Explanation:
the concentration of substances contained in e.g some medicines might be okay for a woman who is not expecting but the the impact is totally different to someone who has a baby growing in their uterus,this is so because babies are very delicate and reactive to strong chemicals
5 The systolic blood pressure reading of 140-159 the systolic blood pressure reading of 140 - 159 is what stage of Hypertension?
A Stage 2
B Stage 1
C Stage 3
D High Normal
Answers
Answer:
B. Stage 1
Explanation:
Systolic blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg and Diastolic less than 80 mm Hg so it is considered as normal. Pre-Hypertension occurs when the Systolic blood pressure is 120 - 139 and Diastolic pressure is 80 - 89. Stage 1 Hypertension is considered when the Systolic blood pressure is 140 - 159 and Diastolic blood pressure is 90- 99. If the Systolic blood pressure is greater than 160 it is considered as Stage 2 Hypertension.
What domain is eubacteria found in?
Answers
[tex]{\boxed{\mathcal{\red{AnSwEr:}}}}[/tex]
[tex]\sf\purple{Domain \:Bacteria.}[/tex]✔
The Eubacteria are found in the domain Bacteria.Eubacteria means [tex]\sf\pink{true\:bacteria}[/tex], it is unicellular, lacks a proper nucleus and is a prokaryote.[tex]\circ \: \: { \underline{ \boxed{ \sf{ \color{green}{Happy\:learning.}}}}}∘[/tex]
Is this right ????????????????????
Answers
I do believe they made a mistake ???
Answer: yes it is correct
Explanation:
Hope this helps you with your science work :)
how scientists are able to determine climate information by just looking at tree rings? (how does it work?)
Answers
Explanation:
Because trees are sensitive to local climate conditions, such as rain and temperature, they give scientists some information about that area's local climate in the past. For example, tree rings usually grow wider in warm, wet years and they are thinner in years when it is cold and dry.
Answer:
Explanation:
Climate scientists compare the tree growth records to local weather records. For locations where a good statistical match exists between tree growth and temperature or precipitation during the period of overlap, the ring widths can be used to estimate past temperature or precipitation over the lifetime of the tree.
main component of protein
Answers
Answer: April Cashin-Garbutt, MA, reviewed it (Cantab) Collagen is a protein composed up of amino acids, which are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen molecules. Glycine, Proline, Hydroxyproline, and Arginine are among the amino acids found in collagen. Collagen makes up around a third of the proteins in the human body.
Explanation:
knowledge!
1.What do other organisms rely on plants for?
Answers
Answer: Organisms depend on other organisms and on the nonliving things in an ecosystem to meet their basic needs for food, water and protection. 3. Plants use energy from the sun to produce their own food from air and water.
Explanation:
a natural source of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere
Answers
Answer:
Animals, Humans, Oil, Gases, And Coal all contain Carbon Dioxide in our atomosphere.
Explanation:
pls help
Identify the organelle that packages and secretes proteins and membrane parts
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C.Golgi Apparatus
D.Cell Membrane
Answers
How can we control the laser light show to stop it from hitting the crowd
Answers
Answer:
just turn it off
Explanation:
Pls help I’ll brainlest
You can pick more than one I think
Answers
Answer:
I say the correct answers are C and D and E maybe.
Explanation:
But I say both good and right answer are C and D. And just E for backup!
A white-tailed deer cannot make its own food and must consume other organisms
for its nutrition. Therefore, the white-tailed is considered a (an)
A)heterotroph.
B)producer.
C)chemotroph.
D)autotroph. .
Answers
Answer:
A) Heterotroph
Explanation:
White tailed deers are consumers and do not produce their own food. Most mammals can’t either. Putting in the heterotroph category.
Hope this helps, good luck!
Scientists observed that the populations of top-level consumers in a particular ecosystem were rapidly decreasing. Further studies revealed that there was also a decline in producer productivity. Which other changes did the scientists most likely observe in the ecosystem?
increased producer diversity
decreased population size at all levels
decreased primary consumer populations only
increased primary and secondary consumer diversity
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - decreased population size at all levels.
Explanation:
A decrease in the productivity of producers of an ecosystem will lead to a decrease in all other organisms of the ecosystem including top-level consumers to the bottom-level producers due to the fact that producers provide energy and food to primary consumers.
It is because they are the only organisms that convert the sunlight to usable energy and food that transfer from one trophic level to other, so if the population of producers or their productivity will decrease then there will be decreased population size at all levels.
1)
What is the approximate percentage of Earth's history during which humans have existed,
compared to the age of Earth?
A)
0.04%
B)
1.79%
C)
4.65%
D)
8.32%
Answers
Answer:D) 8,32%
Explanation:
Answer: 0.04%
Explanation:
Which of the following is NOT associated with Okazaki fragments?
A.
lagging strand
B.
ligase
C.
bases added to the 3’ end
D.
continuous replication
E.
DNA polymerase III
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - D. continuous replication.
Explanation:
Okazaki fragments are short DNA sequences synthesized in the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is able to synthesize only from 5' to 3' so nucleotide can not bind on 5' end but only 3' end and the DNA strands are antiparallel.
They are short fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers on the lagging strand and combined by the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments show a discontinuous manner in the synthesis of DNA.
The correct answer is D. continuous replication as they don't have it.
Okazaki fragments are brief DNA sequences synthesized withinside the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is capable of synthesizing simplest from 5' to 3^ high SO nucleotide can't bind on 5' cease however simplest 3' cease and the DNA strands are antiparallel.
They are brief fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers at the lagging strand and blended via way of means of the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments display a discontinuous way withinside the synthesis of DNA.
What are Okazaki fragments?Okazaki fragments are small sections of DNA that might be fashioned all through the discontinuous synthesis of the lagging strand all through DNA replication. They are essential due to the fact they permit each daughter strand to be synthesized, which is vital for molecular division.
Thus it is clear thsat Okazaki fragments are not associated with continuous replication.
To know more about Okazaki fragments refer to the link :
https://brainly.com/question/21265857
Which are best to survive?
The fittest to the best adapted? Why?
Answers
Answer:
The best to adapted because they already know how to survive through the toughest situations instead of being fit which leads them to nowhere but death
have a good day :)
Explanation:
There are marked differences in the type of organisms found at four different locations at the same tidal height along ta rocky shore. What might account for this
Answers
Answer and Explanation:
Many elements can be responsible for this, among them, we can mention the presence and absence of predators in the different places on the rocky coast. This is because predators can influence not only the number of organisms found, but also the types of organisms.
Another element that may be the cause of this variability is the availability of resources necessary for the life of these organisms, in addition, the impact of the waves on the rocks, can cause the variability of the organisms, since some may not be able to resist the impact of the waves.
Conver 3 miles to feet
Answers
Answer:
1mile = 5280ft
3miles = 3x5280 = 15840ft
Answer:
the answer is 15840 feets
Using and spectrophotometer, you measure 2 dilutions of NADH, and get absorbance values of 0.4 for sample A, and 0.2 for sample B. You know that the path length is 1 cm, and the extinction coefficient for NADH is 6220 (L Morcm). Using the Lambert-Beer Law equation (below), calculate the concentrations of sample A Select] and Sample B (Select ] A = log10 () = Ecl Where: A- Absorbance C- Concentration (mol 1 - Path length (cm) E = molar decadic extinction coefficient L mol. cm 1o - Intensity of the incident light 1 - Intensity of the transmitted Night
Answers
Answer:
The answer is "The concentration sample A= 0.00006[tex]\frac{mol}{L}[/tex] and concentration of sample B is 0.00003[tex]\frac{mol}{L}[/tex]".
Explanation:
Length of path [tex](l)=1 \ cm\\\\[/tex]
Coefficient extinction[tex](\varepsilon )=6220\ \frac{L}{Mol \ cm}\\\\[/tex]
Absorbace of sample [tex](A)=0.4\\\\[/tex]
Absorbace of sample [tex](B)=0.2\\\\[/tex]
For sample A:
[tex]A=\varepsilon cl\\\\0.4=6220 \times c \times 1\\\\c=\frac{0.4}{6220}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=0.00064\ \frac{mol}{L}[/tex]
For sample B:
[tex]A=\varepsilon cl\\\\0.2=6220 \times c \times 1\\\\c=\frac{0.2}{6220}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=0.00003\ \frac{mol}{L}[/tex]
An opportunistic predator switches prey, capturing whichever prey species is most abundant. As soon as the prey numbers dwindle and another species becomes more abundant, the predator will consume the more abundant species. In doing so, this predator maintains great biodiversity in the community. This type of predator is called a
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is keystone predator.
Explanation:
In sustaining the composition of an ecological community, a keystone species plays an essential function. In the absence of keystone species, the ecosystem would fail to exist and would become drastically different. A predator is a classic illustration of a predator, which inhibits a specific herbivorous species from eradicating the dominant species of plants. In the non-existence of predators, the herbivorous prey would increase enormously and would clean the entire essential plant species, and thus, drastically change the significance of the ecosystem.
In which phases of mitosis and meiosis are the principles of segregation and independent assortment at work?
Answers
Answer:
1-Meiosis:
- Independent assortment: Anaphase I
- Segregation: Anaphase II
2-Mitosis
- Segregation: Anaphase
Explanation:
The Principle of Independent Assortment described by Mendel indicates the mechanism by which different genes get sorted into gametes (i.e., eggs and sperms in mammals) independently of one another, while the Principle of Segregation indicates the mechanism by which gene variants (i.e., alleles) segregate (separate) into gamete cells. In eukaryotic organisms, independent assortment occurs during anaphase I of meiosis, when each pair of homologous chromosomes separate. The assortment of homologous chromosomes during anaphase I explain how genes on different chromosome pairs will segregate independently of one another. On the other hand, the separation (segregation) of sister chromatids occurs in Anaphase II, where gametes carrying single gene variants (i.e., alleles) for each locus are generated.
Artificial wetlands ________. are the major program for replacing lost natural wetlands purify water for use as bottled drinking water are a source of arsenic contamination in Bangladesh are created using xeriscaping methods can help purify water and also provide wildlife habitat
Answers
Which of the following cells do not have specialized tasks in an organism? 1.) prokaryotic cells 2.) eukaryotic cells 3.) animal cells 4.) plant cells
Answers
Answer:
A. Prokaryotic cells
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells don't have organelles
Research has found that chimpanzees in one area make spears to help them hunt bushbabies (African lorises). The chimpanzees locate a tree trunk in which the bushbabies live. They then select a tree branch, trim off the leaves and side branches, and trim the end of the branch to form a sharpened tip. The chimpanzees thrust these branches, like spears, into the tree to try to stab bushbabies (see the Lab 11 Exercise Image Library on p. 336 of your lab manual for associated images).
Is this behavior an example of nonhuman primate culture?
1. Yes
2. No
Primates often work together while hunting and then share the meat with others in the group.
1. True
2. False
Answers
Answer:
1. Yes
1. True
Explanation:
A.
Yes, it is a nonhuman primate cultural example: Despite the fact that many nonhuman primates lack apparent cultural traditions in the same manner that humans do, primatologists have uncovered a number of behavioral habits that differ between populations and are passed down through socialization and language interaction. The employment of tools by chimps for hunting is one of the most prominent examples of this. Chimpanzees in the African Savannah have been observed fashioning sticks into weapons to hunt bush infants, according to researchers. In each example, a chimp changes a branch by snapping off one or two ends and sharpening the stick with its teeth. The spear is then jabbed into the bottom of the trunk, where the bush infants slumber. Because this complicated behavior appears to differ between communities, it is thought that chimpanzee tool usage is socially acquired, and hence a cultural behavior.
B.
Chimpanzees hunt in groups so that they may corner their prey even if the canopy is continuous. Each chimpanzee within the hunting parties has a specific function to play during an arboreal hunt. Drivers are responsible for keeping the prey moving in a specific route and following them without trying to grab or catch them. Blockers are positioned at the base of the trees, climbing up to stop prey from fleeing in the other direction. Chasers move swiftly and attempt to capture the prey. Finally, when one monkey approaches, ambushers hide and flee. The food is delivered to all members of the hunting group once the animal has been trapped and slaughtered.
⚠️PLZ HELP⚠️
Figurative language helps a reader
Learn a foreign language
b. Visualize the poem
c. Make connections to the poem
d. None of the above
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
OA
ов
OD
Answers
Answer:
B. Visualize the poem
Explanation:
Figurative language such as Onomatopoeia gives help by visualizing the poem, because you can imagine the sounds and use it as an example to picture what would be going on in the story.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
write a paragraph summary about the differences between amphibians and mammals (humans).
Answers
Answer:
Mammals give birth to live young, whereas the birth of amphibians takes place externally. Mammals are warm-blooded, while amphibians are cold-blooded. Mammals can live in all habitats, unlike amphibians, and have muted colors. Some amphibians can regenerate their limbs.