Answers
Answer:Nucleotide
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule
Related Questions
4. A bacterium is discovered with new mutated form of isocitrate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the same reaction but produces hydrogen gas instead of NADH. a. Write a balanced equation for the new reaction. b. What affect does this mutation have on the amount of ATP produced from one glucose molecule
Answers
The amount of ATP produced from one molecule of glucose will decrease because NADH is no longer produced in the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction. Without generation of this high energy electron carrier there will be less electrons from one molecule of glucose that are transferred to and through the electron transport chain. So there will be less protons (H+ ions) pumped into the intermembrane space. So there will be less of a H+ ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to drive the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase.
A bacterium is discovered with a new mutated form of isocitrate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the same reaction but makes H₂; the reactant is isocitrate, and the product is alpha-ketoglutarate. As the proton count decreases, less ATP is produced.
What is the importance of the proton gradient in energy production?The proton gradient is formed during the electron transfer chain (ETC) by using all the NADH and FADH₂ that are derived from the glycolysis and kreb cycle. NADH and FADH₂, for example, are two compounds that travel through the different complexes to create the proton gradient, which later produces ATP; however, when H₂ is produced instead of NADH, less of a proton gradient is formed, and thus less ATP is produced. The equation is isocitrate+ NAD+ → alpha-ketoglutarate +CO₂ + H+
Hence, the reaction is composed of substrates isocitrate, NAD+, and products alpha-ketoglutarate, CO₂, and a proton (H+), which will be formed with significantly less ATP than the normal ATP produced from the one glucose.
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Match each immune cell with the method it uses to neutralize a pathogenic microbe that has infected a human - Cytotoxic T cell - Helper T cell - B cell - Natural Killer Cell - Macrophage - Mast Cell A. kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1 B. does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so. C. phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodies D. kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes. E. Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cell F. Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
Answers
Answer:
Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1 B.
Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.
B cell - phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodies
Natural Killer Cell - kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.
Macrophage - Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cell
Mast Cell - Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
Explanation:
T cell are immune-response cells that originate in the bone marrow but migrate and develop in the thymus gland. They are of two classes; Cytotoxic T cells and Helper T cells.
Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC (Major histocompatibility complex) class 1 B.
Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.
B cells are formed and develop in the bone marrow. They make antibodies against antigens, and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigen.
Natural Killer Cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system. They kill virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.
Macrophages are a type of white blood cells that detects and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs (Pathogen-associated molecular pattern) They also act as Antigen Presenting Cell (APCs) to activate another type of immune cell
Mast Cells are cells found in the connctive and they function as part of the immune system of the body. They do not directly kill microbes. They secrete histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
Define the five systems. Be sure to include enough information to distinguish each system from the others.
Answers
Explanation:
this is the answer hope you like it
In genetics, what does a genotype of Hh signify?
Answers
Answer:
In genetics, Hh means a heterozygote.
Explanation:
Usually, in genetics, H would be the dominant, and h would be the recessive trait. HH is usually dominant, and hh would be recessive. So, Hh would mean a heterozygote. In a heterozygote, this would mean that the recessive trait is in the genotype, but the dominant trait would still take over. This also means that sometimes, the recessive trait can be shown along with the dominant. This can be possible through co-dominance, and incomplete dominance. Hope this helps!
Answer:
CORRECT (SELECTED)
Heterozygous; one dominant allele and one recessive allele
Explanation:
A heterozygous individual (Hh), also known as a carrier, has a genotype with one dominant allele (H) and one recessive allele (h).
the potential for antibiotic resistance was recognized in the early 1940s, almost immediately after the first large-scale clinical use of penicillin, the first antibiotic. mass production of penicillin was part of the war effort of world war ii, when the drug was used widely by military populations to treat the wounded. however, even before the war had ended, resistance to penicillin was already being reported. in 1940, british biochemists sir ernst boris chain and sir edward penley abraham published a report about a bacterial enzyme capable of destroying penicillin. in the following decades, overuse and repeated exposure to antibiotic agents favored the selection and replication of numerous strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. select all of the statements that accurately portray the role of natural selection in antibiotic resistance. a) when bacteria are repeatedly exposed to antibiotics, they learn how to avoid the antibiotic and survive to reproduce. b) when people overuse antibiotics, the bacteria get resistant to the antibiotic and it is no longer an effective treatment. some bacteria possess a gene for bacterial resistance. these bacteria are likely to survive a course or antibiotics and reproduce. 09 d) bacteria containing the gene for antibiotic resistance can share a plasmid of the gene with other bacteria, allowing the population of bacteria with antibiotic resistance to survive and reproduce. when someone quits taking an antibiotic when they are feeling better, they likely kill only the weaker bacteria. the bacteria with a gene for antibiotic resistance survive, giving them the opportunity to reproduce. e
Answers
Answer: c,d,e
Explanation:
I did this and this is correct
Answer:
The following Statements accurately portrays role of natural selection in antibiotic resistance
c) some bacteria possess a gene for bacterial resistance. these bacteria are likely to survive a course or antibiotics and reproduce.
d) bacteria containing the gene for antibiotic resistance can share a plasmid of the gene with other bacteria, allowing the population of bacteria with antibiotic resistance to survive and reproduce
e) when someone quits taking an antibiotic when they are feeling better, they likely kill only the weaker bacteria. the bacteria with a gene for antibiotic resistance survive, giving them the opportunity to reproduce
Explanation:
When bacteria are initially exposed to an antibiotic, those most susceptible to the antibiotic will die quickly, leaving any surviving bacteria to pass on their resistant features to succeeding generations.
As in option C , bacteria possessing better gene will b selected by the nature and hence portrays Natural selection
In option d Bacteria reproduce by plasmid (extra chromosomal DNA ) transfer . Bacteria with antibiotic resistant gene with pass these genes to the succeeding generations.
When bacteria are initially exposed to an antibiotic, those most susceptible to the antibiotic will die quickly, leaving bacteria possessing gene resistant against antibiotics. Here, Darwin’s theory of natural selection comes in. This gives the bacteria an advantage over other(which do not possess antibiotic resistant gene) this bacteria will grow better than its neighbors and can increase in numbers
In option e When one quits antibiotics before completing the entire course of any prescribed antibiotic. The antibiotic resistant bacteria survives. Bacteria that are not controlled or killed by antibiotics. They are able to survive and even multiply in the presence of an antibiotic.
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Lab: Interdependence of Organisms
Interdependence Of Organisms
Question Being Answered:
How can the presence of one species benefit another in the same ecosystem?
Hypothesis:
If plants grow in soil that contains worms the plants growth will be greater because worms are able to help decompose organic matter and help distribute it through the soil in a form plants are able to use.
Process Of Lab:
In this lab you will grow two different groups of plants. Group A is considered the experimental group which will grow in soil with worms, Group B is considered the control group which will grow in soil without worms. After the plants grow you have to measure the plant growth for both groups and compare them.
Independent & Dependent
Independent Variable: Presence Of Worms
Dependent Variable: Plant Growth
Safety Procedure
Be sure to follow the safety procedure which means to
Wear safety goggles and lab gown while doing the experiment
Keep lab behavior purposeful
Look over the soil contents and make sure to follow warnings provided on any equipment
Wash hands and lab equipment once done with experiment
Treat living organisms with respect and provide proper care
Report any accidents that happen in the lab to your teacher
Lab Procedure
Step 1: Gather Materials
Two trays that are 10 cm 4’ deep
Potting soil
Lima bean seeds which need to be soaked overnight
Location with sunlight or growth lights
Worms
Graduated cylinder
Water
Black marker
Ruler with metric markings
Step 2: Prepare Two Trays Of Lima Bean Plants
Label the trays Control Group and Experimental Group
Add approximately 6-7 cm of soil to each tray
Plant 6 lima bean seeds in each tray being 2 cm deep and label the plants 1-6
Step 3: Give The Plants Water And Light During Sprouting Time
Keep the environments for both groups identical
Water all the plants following the watering schedule that was recommended on the seed packaging
Use the graduated cylinder to ensure the same amount of water is being given to both groups
Make sure all plants get the same amount of light
Step 4: Measure The Heights Of The Plants At The End Of Week 1
Measure the height of all twelve plants to the nearest cm. If a plant dies mark an x on the data table for that plant and write it in your notes
Use a calculator to find the average heights of the living plants in each groups
Calculate the difference in those average heights by subtracting the average height of the plants in the control group. Use this difference as a basis for comparison
Record measurement observations in your notes and the health of the plants such as leaf colors and size, wilting, unusual growth, brown spots, and any other marks you see
Step 5: Add Six Worms To The Soil Of The Experimental Group Of Plants
Write descriptive notes about the condition of the worms in your notes
Step 6: Measure The Heights Of The Plants At The End Of The Week 3
Repeat step 4
Step 7: Measure The Heights Of The Plants At The End Of Week 5
Repeat step 4
Step 8: Check The Health Of The Worms At The End Of The Study
Are the worms still alive?
Do they all seem healthy?
Have they changed in any way? If so list the ways changed
Are there any new worms
Be sure to write descriptive notes about their conditions in your notes
Step 9: Dispose Of All Material According To The Directions From Your Teacher
Week 1 (Before Adding Worms)
Week 3
Week 5
Plant 1
10cm
22cm
49cm
Plant 2
9cm
23cm
47cm
Plant 3
8cm
20cm
49cm
Plant 4
9cm
22cm
50cm
Plant 5
10cm
22cm
47cm
Plant 6
8cm
23cm
52cm
Control Group Average
9cm
22cm
49cm
Plant 1
8cm
24cm
50cm
Plant 2
9cm
28cm
60cm
Plant 3
8cm
26cm
49cm
Plant 4
8cm
25cm
53cm
Plant 5
8cm
27cm
58cm
Plant 6
7cm
26cm
60cm
Experimental Group Average
8cm
26cm
55cm
Difference In Average Heights
-1cm
4cm
6cm
Table answers go from left to right in the order I put
Answers
Answer:
Control GroupHeight (cm)Week 1 (beforeadding worms)Week 3Week 5Plant 110cm22cm49cmPlant 29cm23cm47cmPlant 38cm20cm49Plant 49cm22cm50cmPlant 510cm22cm47cmPlant 68cm23cm52cmControl Group Average9cm22cm49cmExperimental GroupHeight (cm)Week 1 (beforeadding worms)Week 3Week 5Plant 18cm24cm50cmPlant 29cm28cm60cmPlant 38cm26cm49cmPlant 48cm25cm53cmPlant 58cm27cm58cmPlant 67cm26cm60cmExperimental Group Average8cm26cm55cmDifference in Averages:(Experimental - Control)-1cm4cm6cm
Explanation:
read it carefully u might get it - (answers)
6
Which two particles would be attracted to each other?
Oo oo
electrons and neutrons
electrons and protons
protons and neutrons
all particles are attracted to each other
Answers
Answer:
Electrons and Protons are two particles would be attracted to each other.
The power in our homes and buildings cycles at a frequency of 60Hz. If someone accidentally dropped a power line into a holding tank for frogs their muscles would immediately become stiff. This is because the high frequency stimuli is causing:_______
a. rigor mortis.
b. tetanus.
c. fatigue.
Answers
Answer:
a. rigor mortis.
Explanation:
Electricity refers to the power generated from various power sources or power plants such as hydroelectric, wind turbine, solar, nuclear, etc.
Generally, the power supplied to homes, offices and buildings cycles at a frequency of 60 Hertz or 50 Hertz depending on the parameters chosen in countries. If a power line is dropped accidentally into a holding tank for frogs, it would immediately cause their muscles to become stiff due to the current flowing through the power line i.e because the power line is energized and has electrons moving across its terminals. This stiffness is because the high frequency stimuli is causing rigor mortis.
What is the main function of the organs shown
Answers
Answer:
In an organ, different tissues work together to carry out a particular function. These are the main organs, as well as their primary function: The brain controls thoughts, memory and other organs. The heart pumps blood around the body.
Explanation:
The color of a mineral when it is powdered is called the streak of the mineral. Several minerals have a black streak and make it difficult to identify the mineral with the streak test alone. But a red-brown streak is not very common. We would expect ________ to produce a red-brown streak. A) graphite B) hematite EliminateC) magnitite D) pyrite
Answers
Answer:
Hematite
Explanation:
The iron content of the mineral gives it a red hue after it has spent a long time exposed to air and moisture
adaptations of a muscle cell to its functions
Answers
Answer:
Many cells are specialised. They have structures that are adapted for their function. For example, muscle cells bring parts of the body closer together. They contain protein fibres that can contract when energy is available, making the cells shorter.
Pls help me awnser these questions guys
Answers
Answer:
I cant really see the questions....
Explanation:
Tectonics plates float on the ?
A.outer core
B.inner core
C.mantle
D.lithosphere
Answers
Answer:
I think mantle
Explanation:
Answer:
Mantle
Explanation:
The rocky surface floats slowly on the mantle.
Brainliest please :)
Why does Matt call his dog?
A)He wants to give his dog a hug.
B) He wants to take his dog for a walk.
C) He wants to give his dinner to the dog.
D) He wants his dog to go into the kitchen.
Answers
A measure is 5.6 meters off (different from) the target value of 112 meters. Calculate the percent error.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - 5.
Explanation:
The percentage of the error in any experiment can be calculated by the ratio difference between the target value and the observed value over the target value into 100.
Percentage error = {|Vtrue - Vobserved|/Vtrue}× 100
Solution:
percentage error = (5.6/112)*100
= 0.05*100
= 5
Thus, the correct answer is - 5.
Which represents a negative impact of technology?
A. Recycling becoming more common
B. Increase in food production in poor areas
C. More technology available to people
O D. Increased production of greenhouse gases
Answers
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
Climate change represents a negative impact of technology. Technology can release harmful pollutants into the air such as greenhouse gases that cause climate change.
Question 5
How do increases in the carrying capacity of Earth for people affect the carrying capacity of Earth for other species?
Select one:
It increases for most species.
It decreases for all species.
It decreases for most species.
It increases for all species.
Answers
Answer:
It increases for most species.
5. An insect population grows exponentially until an early winter freeze kills almost all the insects the next spring population
grows exponentially again this type of population growth is known as
A. rolling curve.
B. boom and bust.
O C. population boom.
D. exploding population.
Answers
Answer:
The answer to this question is B
Please help!! I have to turn this in like right now lol
Answers
Answer: A
explanation(from a website)
Stay calm. ...
Remove the stinger. ...
Wash the sting with soap and water.
Apply a cold pack to reduce swelling. ...
Consider taking over-the-counter pain medication.
Answer:
must be A
Explanation:
first A as first aid
and then B
Please answer all statements with true or false.
Electronic wastes pose a problem for human health and the
environment.
Recycling can help conserve natural resources.
To get more energy. We use a lot of energy.
Turning off lights when not in a room is an easy wave to conserve energy.
Replacing old appliances with newer models doesn't save energy.
Answers
True
I’m not 100% sure but I think it’s true
True
False
some _______ environmental changes can cause tge genes of an entire population to change.
Answers
Answer:
some unfavorable environmental changes can cause the genes of an entire population to change.Unfavorable
Explanation:
Why would it be difficult for the motion of the Earth to suddenly change?
Answers
Answer:
The good news is that if the Earth's rotation stopped, we wouldn't fall off.
uue
False
Question 10 (6.667 points)
What is the currently recognized classification scheme?
A) two-kingdom system
B) five-kingdom system
OC) biogeography
OD) three-domain system
Answers
The currently recognized classification scheme is the five - kingdom system.
The five kingdom classification involves the grouping of living organisms into classes such that organisms in each class share similar characteristics such as : reproductive process, homeostasis, growth, mode of nutrition, cell structure and so on.
The five kingdom classes include :
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom protista
Kingdom plantae
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia.
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Which organism diverged first?? *
Birds
Sharks
Rabbits
Primates
Answers
if you dilute a 20.0 mL of a 3.5M solution to make 90.0 mL solution what is the molality of the dilute solution?
Given:
unknown:
show work:
Answers
Answer:
Molality of the diluted sample is 0.778 M
Explanation:
Given -
Molality of the original solution = 3.5 M
Volume of the original solution = 20 mL
Volume of the diluted solution = 90 mL
Molality of the diluted sample = X
As we know
Molality of the original solution * Volume of the original solution = Volume of the diluted solution * Molality of the diluted sample
Substituting the given values, we get -
[tex]3.5 * 20 = 90 * X\\X = 0.778[/tex]M
Molality of the diluted sample is 0.778 M
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain exert their effects through a variety of mechanisms.
____________ blocks electron transport and proton pumping via inhibition of Complex IV.
____________ blocks electron transport and proton pumping via inhibition of Complex I.
____________ blocks electron transport and ATP synthesis by inhibiting the exchange of ATP and ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Answers
Answer:
Azide and Carbon monoxide block electron transport and proton pumping via inhibition of Complex IV.
Rotenone blocks electron transport and proton pumping via inhibition of Complex I.
Atractyloside blocks electron transport and ATP synthesis by inhibiting the exchange of ATP and ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Explanation:
The mitochondrial electron transport chain is composed of different complexes integrated into the inner mitochondrial membrane, which function to generate an electrochemical proton (H+ ions) gradient that is then used to drive the synthesis of ATP, the energy coin of the cell. The mitochondrial complex I catalyzes the electron transfer from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to ubiquinone and then transports H+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Moreover, the mitochondrial complex IV, also known as Cytochrome c oxidase, receives electrons via the cytochrome pathway in order to complete the reduction of oxygen (O2) into two molecules of water (H2O). Azide is a selective inhibitor of the complex IV which acts as an uncompetitive inhibitor with regards to O2, while carbon monoxide (CO) binds to the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme, thereby suppressing its activity and thus disturbing ATP synthesis. Rotenone is a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial complex I that inhibits electron transfer from the iron-sulfur centers in the complex I to ubiquinone, thereby blocking ATP synthesis. Finally, atractyloside is a competitive inhibitor that inhibits the transport of ADP across the mitochondrial inner membrane by blocking the ADP/ATP translocator, thereby preventing ADP from entering mitochondria.
1, name the part of the reproductive system in which fertilisation happens.
2, what is an embryo
3, where does the embryo develop into a foetus, and then a baby
4, why does the uterus lining start to grow thick and spongy, as an egg cell develops in an ovary
5, what happens to the uterus lining if the egg cell is not fertilised
6, how often does an egg cell leave an ovary, in an adult woman
7, how often does menstruation happen, in an adult woman
Answers
Answer:
°•°
Explanation:
1.fallopian tube
2.an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development, in particular a human offspring during the period from approximately the second to the eighth week after fertilization (after which it is usually termed a fetus)
3.First, the zygote becomes a solid ball of cells. Then it becomes a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst. Inside the uterus, the blastocyst implants in the wall of the uterus, where it develops into an embryo attached to a placenta and surrounded by fluid-filled membranes.
4.Eggs live in ovaries, and the hormones that control your menstrual cycle cause a few eggs to mature every month. When your egg is mature, it means it's ready to be fertilized by a sperm cell. These hormones also make the lining of your uterus thick and spongy, which gets your body ready for pregnancy.
5.The fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the uterus. The placenta then develops. The placenta transfers nutrition and oxygen to the fetus from mother. If the egg does not become fertilized, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is shed during menstruation.
6.The egg cell travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus. The moment the egg cell leaves the ovary is called ovulation. Once a girl has had her first monthly period, ovulation usually occurs once a month
7.The average menstrual cycle is 28 days long. Cycles can range anywhere from 21 to 35 days in adults and from 21 to 45 days in young teens. The rise and fall of levels of hormones during the month control the menstrual cycle.
As the level of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere increases, how will (is) primary productivity impacted? How does this impact populations of primary consumers?
Answers
Answer:
Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N) deposition increase directly the resource availability to plants, and can increase plant growth and net primary productivity (NPP; Norby et al., 2005).
Net primary productivity varies among ecosystems and depends on many factors. These include solar energy input, temperature and moisture levels, carbon dioxide levels, nutrient availability, and community interactions (e.g., grazing by herbivores) 2.
Explanation:
Primary producers capture light from the sun and carbon dioxide from the environment and finally transform it into energy.
What do you mean by Net primary productivity (NPP)?Net primary productivity may be defined as the amount of matter accumulated by plants per unit area in a given time.
Primary productivity depends on photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide gets converted to energy. If the level of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere increases, the photosynthesis rate increases, and finally the primary productivity increases.
Therefore, Primary producers capture light from the sun and carbon dioxide from the environment and finally transform it into energy.
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Today, you have learned some basic general information about bacteria that cause infections and bacteria that protect
and benefit us, living inside and on the surface of our bodies. So, here is a question for you to apply the knowledge you
gained today:
Ms. AB was traveling and caught a nasty flu on the plane. But because she had work and school she could not take any
time off to rest during her flu. 2 weeks after she contracted the flu, she no longer had the fever and sore throat, but her
nose was still stuffy, and she was suffering from sinus headaches. She went to her doctor, who diagnosed her with a
sinus infection and prescribed her a course of antibiotics. Ms. ABC took the 7 days of antibiotic therapy, but she is now
back at her doctor's office with a yeast infection and diarrhea. Explain, why Ms. ABC developed the sinus infection. Then
explain why she developed a yeast infection and diarrhea after the course of antibiotics
Answers
Answer:
Antibiotics killed the bacteria that cause infection but they can also kill beneficial bacteria . thus Ms ABC developed a yeast infection and diarrhea after course of antibiotics because antibiotics distrub natural balance of beneficial bacteria in her intestine.
Ms. ABC developed a yeast infection and diarrhea after the course of antibiotics because the exposure to antibiotics may kill beneficial bacteria which prevent other diseases to occurs in the body.
What is an Antibiotic?Antibiotics may be defined as a type of medicine that significantly inhibit the growth of microorganisms especially bacteria inside the body of living organisms. Such type of antimicrobial substance may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
It is the most prevalent kind of antibacterial agent for conflicting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are tremendously utilized in the treatment and prevention of such infections.
With the effect of antibiotics, beneficial bacterial species that are living in the intestine may also be killed. Due to this, Ms. ABC becomes susceptible to other types of infections like yeast and diarrhea.
Therefore, exposure to antibiotics may significantly kill beneficial bacteria which prevent other diseases to occurs in the body.
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what is the function of myonemes in the euglena
Answers
Myoneme FUNCTION in Eugene viridis as the contractile vacuole in the organism. In order words, it helps in the excretion of substance out of the body of the organism
MyonemeA myoneme is a contractile structure found in some eukaryotic organisms like euglena too.
The myoneme consists of a series of protein filaments that shorten rapidly upon exposure to calcium.
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