Have you ever wondered what would happen if Earth lost its atmosphere? It's believed that the planet is slowly losing its atmosphere, bit by bit, as it bleeds off into space. But what if Earth instantly lost its atmosphere, all at once? Just how bad would it be? Would people die? Would everything die? Could the planet recover?
What Would Happen?
Here's a breakdown of what could be expected:
It would be silent. Sound requires a medium to transmit waves. You could feel vibrations from the ground, but you wouldn't hear anything.
Birds and planes would fall from the sky. Although we can't see air (except clouds), it has mass that supports flying objects.
The sky would turn black. It's blue because of the atmosphere. You know those pictures taken from the Moon? The Earth's sky would look like that.
All unprotected plant and animal life on the Earth's surface would die. We can't survive long in a vacuum, which is what we'd have if the atmosphere suddenly vanished. It would be much like being "spaced' or shot out of an airlock, except the initial temperature would be higher. Eardrums would pop. Saliva would boil. But you wouldn't die instantly. If you held your breath, your lungs would pop, which would be the quickest (albeit most painful) death. If you exhaled, you'd pass out in about 15 seconds and die in around three minutes. Even if you were handed an oxygen mask, you wouldn't be able to breathe. This is because your diaphragm uses the pressure difference between the air inside your lungs and outside your body to inhale.
Let's say you have a pressure suit and air. You'd live, but you'd get a massive sunburn on exposed skin because the Earth's atmosphere is what filters solar radiation. It's hard to say how much trouble you'd be in from this effect on the dark side of the planet, but being in direct sunlight would be severe.
The rivers, lakes, and oceans would boil. Boiling occurs whenever vapor pressure of a liquid exceeds external pressure. In a vacuum, water readily boils, even if the temperature is warm. You can test this yourself.
Although water would boil, the water vapor would not fully replenish the atmospheric pressure. An equilibrium point would be reached where there would be enough water vapor to prevent the oceans from boiling off. The remaining water would freeze.
Eventually (long after surface life had died), solar radiation would break atmospheric water into oxygen, which would react with carbon on the Earth to form carbon dioxide. The air would still be too thin to breathe.
The lack of atmosphere would chill the Earth's surface. We're not talking absolute zero cold, but the temperature would drop below freezing. Water vapor from the oceans would act as a greenhouse gas, raising the temperature. Unfortunately, the increased temperature would allow more water to transition from the sea into the air, likely leading to a runaway greenhouse effect and making the planet more like Venus than Mars.
Explanation:
Organisms that need air to breathe would die. Plants and land animals would die. Fish would die. Most aquatic organisms would die. However, some bacteria could survive, so losing the atmosphere wouldn't kill all life on Earth. Chemosynthetic bacteria wouldn't even notice the loss of atmosphere.
Volcanoes and geothermal vents would continue to pump out carbon dioxide and other gases to add to the water. The most significant difference between the original and new atmosphere would be the much lower abundance of nitrogen. Earth could replenish some nitrogen from meteor strikes, but most of it would be lost forever.
Could Humans Survive?
There are two ways human beings could survive losing the atmosphere:
Build radiation-shielded domes on the Earth's surface. The domes would need a pressurized atmosphere and would need to support plant life. We would need time to build biodomes, but the result would not be much different from trying to survive on another planet. Water would remain, so there would be a source of oxygen.
Build a dome under the sea. The water could provide pressure and filter out some solar radiation. We wouldn't want to filter out all radiation because we'd probably want to grow plants (though maybe it would be possible to learn some tasty ways to prepare bacteria as food).
Why does each offspring get 2 alleles for a trait?
Given that breaking bonds requires energy and forming bonds releases energy, explain how we know that cellular respiration releases energy overall?
Cellular respiration releases energy because the bonds in carbohydrates are broken during the reaction.
During cellular respiration, carbohydrates are broken down in a series of reactions, and the energy in the bonds is released as ATP, the energy currency of cells.
The reaction is in 3 steps:
GlycolysisKreb's cycleElectron transport chainThe summary of the reactions is represented by the equation below:
[tex]C_6H_1_2O_6 + 6O_2 ---> 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP[/tex]
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12. Having tissues that digest food, such as in the jellyfish, is an example of
(a) cell-level organization.
(b) tissue-level organization.
(c) organ-level organization.
(d) organ system-level organization.
Answer:
cell level organization
Having tissues that digest food, such as in the Jellyfish, is an example of cell-level organization.
What is Jellyfish?Jellyfish is are aquatic organisms that live in marine and freshwater habitats.
Jellyfish are tentacular species(i.e. they have tentacles that allow them to capture prey) and their body consists of a jelly-like structure that is non-living in nature called mesoglea.
Jellyfish are at the cellular level of organization and their mode of feeding entails some of the following:
Predation (capturing of preys with the use of their tentacles)Filtration of particles through waterNutrient intake via symbiotic association with algae within their cellsLearn more about Jellyfish here:
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what is the texture of a worker bee leg.
Help meeeeeeeeeeeeee
Answer:
1)sunlight and co2
2)oxygen and ?
Explanation:
6. After a glacier melt what is the order of the appearance of organisms like
trees, grass, shrubs, and lichen? Put them in order of what appears first to the
last.
Answer:
grass, shrubs, lichens, trees.
Where does mixed livestock and crop farming predominantly occur?
Answer:
Asia and in countries such as India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Afghanistan, South Africa, China, Central Europe, Canada, and Russia.
Explanation:
why it is important that the product of mitosis are two identical daughter cells.
Answer: Mitosis involves the division of a cell into two identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell needs a copy of every chromosome, so the process begins with cutting the chromosomes into manageable copies, so the process involves copying the chromosomes and then separating them and then so each cell has the full set. chromosomes have exactly 23 pairs of chromosomes, its hard to remember because you can also say 46 chromosomes but never say 46 pairs because doing so will result into you saying 92 chromosomes. you can either say 23 pairs or 46 chromosomes.
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Explanation:
When was Geoffrey Chaucer captured ?
Answer:
1359
Explanation:
We do not know any details of his early life and education. In 1357, he was a page to Elizabeth, Countess of Ulster, wife of Edward III's third son. Chaucer was captured by the French during the Brittany expedition of 1359, but was ransomed by the king.
how do mitochondria generate and store the energy used to produce most of the atp made during aerobic respiration
Answer:
The citric acid or Krebs cycle processes in the matrix of mitochondria produce a molecule called NADH. NADH is then converted to adenosine triphosphate by enzymes buried in the mitochondrial inner membrane (ATP). Energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds in ATP.
Explanation:
During aerobic respiration, how is ATP created in the mitochondria?Oxidative phosphorylation produces the majority of the ATP produced by aerobic cellular respiration. By pumping protons across a membrane, the energy released by the O2 is utilized to create a chemiosmotic potential. This potential is subsequently used to activate ATP synthase, which converts ADP and phosphate groups into ATP.
What is the mechanism by which mitochondria store energy?Mitochondria (plural: mitochondrion) are membrane-bound cell organelles that provide the majority of the chemical energy required to fuel the cell's metabolic activities. Adenosine triphosphate is a tiny molecule that stores chemical energy created by mitochondria (ATP).
What is ATP's energy storage mechanism?The energy currency of the cell is ATP, or adenosine triphosphate. It retains the energy created during cellular respiration when glucose is oxidized. Energy is stored in the form of high-energy phosphate bonds, which are broken to release energy. Energy is released when ATP is broken down into ADP and Pi.
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in the gel electrophoresis lab, you determined the ________ of three different dna samples.
In the gel electrophoresis lab, you determined the genotype of three different DNA samples.
Gel electrophoresis is a process that allows you to separate fragments of DNA based on size. You place different size fragments of DNA into a gel, then apply current to the buffer surrounding the gel, the DNA will travel through the gel but move at different speeds based on the different fragment sizes. Larger fragments of DNA will move slower than smaller fragment sizes.
Let consider two different alleles:
the bigger allele -- Athe smaller allele -- aThe bigger allele happens to contain a restriction site that is allowed to be cleaved by a restriction enzyme while the smaller allele has a mutation in the restriction site that means that it will not be recognized and cleaved by that same restriction enzyme.
Let us remember that the person will have two copies of this gene and can be:
H0m0zygous dominant AAh0m0zygous recessive aaheterozygous AaAn individual with h0m0zyg0us AA only have versions of the gene that will be cut by the restriction enzymes, each allele producing a small fragment of DNA and a medium-size fragment of DNA
An individual with the genotype aa only has the version of the gene that does not have the restriction site and therefore does not get cut by the restriction enzyme. The DNA sample from this individual will have a single larger fragment of DNA.
When you isolate DNA from heterozygous Aa, half of the DNA isolated has the allele with the restriction site that gets cut into two fragments while the other half will have the allele that does not have the restriction site and remains whole when a restriction enzyme is added.
Therefore, we can conclude that in the gel electrophoresis lab, you determined the genotype of three different DNA samples.
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what is the texture of a butterfly wing.
Answer: soft, chalkey
Explanation: .
Biology questionnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Answer:
3rd one
Explanation:
Answer:
c. firewood
Explanation:
its a chemical reaction
__________ are intestinal parasites that can live up to 20 years and grow up to 50 feet in length. A. Toxoplasmosis B. Amoebae C. Malaria D. Tape worms Please select the best answer from the choices provided. A B C D.
Answer:
D. Tapeworms
Explanation:
I took test EDG2022
are there other tests that could be used to determine if cyclohexanol is present in your product? give at least one test with some detail of the expected result for the presence of cyclohexanol.
One of the many tests that may be used to identify the presence of cyclohexanol in a product is that of the Lucas test.
The Lucas test is a chemical reactant test to determine the presence and level of alcoholism in a solution. Cyclohexanol has many chemical properties as do most substances, one of which is the presence of an alcohol group.
The presence of this chemical group makes it possible to test for cyclohexanol using the Lucas test. The Lucas test will cause reactions in the presence of alcohol and transform alcohols into chloroalkanes, which tend to be nearly insoluble in aquatic solutions. Given this, a positive result will look like the solution separates into a cloudy chloroalkane-containing part on top of a much clearer layer.
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which body parts does a turkey use to fight predators
Answer:
When fighting off predators, turkeys may kick with their legs, using the spurs on their back of the legs as a weapon, bite with their beak and ram with their relatively large bodies and may be able to deter predators up to the size of mid-sized mammals.
Explanation:
Answer: When fighting off predators, turkeys may kick with their legs, using the spurs on their back of the legs as a weapon, bite with their beak and ram with their relatively large bodies and may be able to deter predators up to the size of mid-sized mammals.
Explanation:
All nine essential amino acids can be found in meat. By employing the nutritional principle of complementarity, a vegetarian gets all nine. What is complementarity
Answer:
All 9 essential amino acids can be found in meat. By employing the nutritional principle of complementarity, a vegetarian gets all nine. What is complementarity? Combining foods that complement each others essential amino acids.
Explanation:
I hope this helps!
which fish is born in fresh water but spawns in salt water?
Answer:
anadromous fish is born in fish water and spwan in salt water
In eukaryotic mRNA, the parts that remain after processing and are translated into amino acid sequences are called the _____.
Answer:
Exons.
Explanation:
In mRNA maturation and processing, a complex called a splicesome essentially "cuts out", if you will, non-coding parts of the DNA sequence to be translated. The parts that are cut out are called "introns", and the parts that are left over that code for a protein sequence, are called "exons". Careful with the terminology. It seems counterintuitive that exons are the ones that stay (exon = exit? NO.) and introns (in, as in, stays in? NO.) are the ones that are cut out of the mature mRNA. Perhaps you can remember that the terms seem to be the opposite, that's how I remember it. Alright, good luck with all of this.
if cell x enters meiosis, and nondisjunction of one chromosome occurs in one of its daughter cells during meiosis ii, how will this affect the gametes at the completion of meiosis?
Answer:
c
Explanation:
How can we conserve WATER? describe in short.
Please answer as soon as possible pls I need help please
Explanation:
Turn off the faucet while brushing your teeth.
Only run the washing machine and dishwasher when you have a full load.
Use a low flow shower head and faucet aerators.
Fix leaks.
Install a dual flush or low flow toilet or put a conversion kit on your existing toilet.
Which membrane component is a glycoprotein?
ОА
ОD
ОB
ОC
Answer:
oc
Explanation:
If the alleles of two different genes are present on the same chromosome, the closer they are to each other the more likely they are to ________________________________ during gamete production.
If two alleles of different genes are in close proximity with each other on the
same chromosome, they would most likely link during gamete production.
Meiosis is the type of cell division that takes place in gamete( sperm and egg cells) production. The alleles are responsible for the phenotype of an
organism.
When alleles are in close contact on the same chromosome they are most
likely to be linked together and transmitted as a single unit . These brings
about variation between parents and daughter cells in some features such
as color, height etc
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When more than two species are interacting, and evolutionary change in one causes change in one or more of the others, it is known as:
Answer:
coevolution, the process of reciprocal evolutionary change that occurs between pairs of species or among groups of species as they interact with one another. The activity of each species that participates in the interaction applies selection pressure on the others.
Explanation:
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How much work does an elephant do while moving a 50 N circus wagon 20 m?
Answer:
The elephant did 4000 N·m or 4000 J or 4 kJ of work
Explanation:
True or false: In a typical mammalian adult cell, the M phase takes up a large fraction of the entire cell cycle.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
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g. What is the function of CU?
Answer:
to give education ,to make all the people educated ,to make society good
The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions
Using specially designed bacteria to clean up environmentally hazardous radioactive waste would be an example of __________.
Answer:
xjsdhmbjv
Explanation:
Although we consume different foods, the parts are eventually used in cellular respiration. Does it matter if they originate from crickets or cows or candy bars?
Given what we know about biological processes, we can confirm that it does not in fact matter where the nutrients come from in terms of cellular respiration.
We consume food to provide the energy we need to function on a daily basis, for this, we may reach for an apple or opt for a candy bar. However, this is irrelevant on a cellular level. Cells do not eat the food the way that we consume them.
They use a process known as cellular respiration to change the food into energy to be used by cells. The most important of this process is the transformation of high-level sugars into simple sugars like glucose and other monosaccharides.
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A reaction between an antibody and soluble antigen, forming larger, interlocking molecular lattices, is called a(n)
Answer:
Precipitation reaction
Explanation:
Answer:
agglutination
Explanation: