Answer:
1+0.075 x 1000
= 1075
If bonds are called back there would be 75 dollars more compared to fv
We calculate the yield to maturity using excel.
We use this formula to calculate this
YTc is = RATE(7, 11%x1000-1000x1000)x1.075
= 11.749%
Now this investor should be happy they were called by the ATT because the return they got back is more than what they were hoping to get at the time of purchase. YTc is higher and there is 75 dollars more fv
At December 31, 2021, MedX Corporation had outstanding 200,000 shares of common stock. Also outstanding were 120,000 shares of preferred stock convertible into 64,000 common shares and $1,800,000 of 10% bonds convertible into 27,000 common shares. MedX's net income for the year ended December 31, 2021, is $1,040,000. The income tax rate is 25%. MedX paid dividends of $2 per share on its preferred stock during 2021. Required: Compute basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2021, considering possible antidilutive effects
Answer: basic earning per share = $4.00
Diluted Earning per share = $4.04 per share
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2021, considering possible antidilutive effects will be calculated as:
The Basic earnings per share will be calculated as:
M= (Net income - preferred dividend) / Outstanding common stock
= ($1040000 - ($120000 × 2)) / 200000
= ($1,040,000 × $240,000) / 200,000
= $800000 ) 200000
= $4.00 per share
The weighted average outstanding share for the diluted will be:
= 200,000 + 64000 + 27000
= 291,000 shares
Then, the diluted earnings per share will be:
= (1040000 + 1800000 × 10% × 75%)/291000
= $4.04 per share
Given Table 12-6 below, fill in the values for saving. Assume taxes = $800.
Table 12-6
National Income
$11,400
11,800
12,200
12,600
Consumption
$7,500
7,800
8,100
8,400
What are the savings .
Answer:
Savings = National Income - Consumption - Taxes
Explanation:
Savings are the part of income that is not spent or paid in taxes. So it can be calculated by subtraction consumption from the national income.
National Income (Y) = C+ T + S
Therefore,
S= Y - C - T
That is the part of income that is not spent or paid in taxes is called savings.
National Income Consumption Taxes Savings
$11,400 $7,500 $800 $3,100
$11,800 $7,800 $800 $3,200
$12,200 $8,100 $800 $3,300
$12,600 $8,400 $800 $3,400
2. In 2016; the cost of a market basket of goods was $2,000. In 2018, the cost of the same market basket of goods was
$2,100. Use the price index formula to calculate the price index for 2018 if 2016 is the base year. Show your work. 2
pts
Answer:
105
Explanation:
base year = 2016
cost of market basket of goods in base year = $2,000
CPI for base year = 100
year 2018
cost of market basket of goods in 2018 = $2,100
CPI for 2018 = (cost of basket of goods in 2018 / cost of basket of goods in base year) x 100 = ($2,100 / $2,000) x 100 = 105
For a $150,000 mortgage, with interest rate 5,5%, paid over 15 years, the monthly payment is $1,225,63. After 2 monthly
payments, what is the balance of the loan?
Round to the nearest cent. Do not include the dollar sign or commas in the answer box.
You are comparing replacing the current lab, which has a cost function of 400,000 + 15*Volume, with an automated lab that has a cost function of 500,000 + 10*Volume. Doing so would reduce the error rate from 1.5 percent to 1 percent. Your volume is expected to be 45,000 tests per year.
a. You should keep the current lab because its fixed costs are smaller.
b. You should adopt the automated lab because its total costs and error rate are smaller.
c. You should keep the current lab because its total costs and error rate are about the same.
d. None of the above
Answer: b. You should adopt the automated lab because its total costs and error rate are smaller.
Explanation:
You should adopt the lab that gives the lowest cost and this is the automated lab because it will have a lower cost due to its lower error rate.
Cost with Automated lab = 500,000 + 10 * 45,000
= $950,000
Cost with current lab = 400,000 + 15 * 45,000
= $1,075,000
Automated lab has a lower cost for the expected volume so should be adopted.
RapidMeal Co. has two restaurants that are open 24 hours per day. Fixed costs for the two restaurants together totals $450,000 per year. Service varies from a cup of coffee to full meals. The average sales check for each customer is $8.00. The average cost of food and other variable costs for each customer is $3.20. The income tax rate is 30%. Target net income is $105,000.
a. Determine the revenues needed to obtain the target net income.
b. How many sales checks are needed to (a) earn a net income of $105,000 and (b) to break even?
c. Determine net income if the number of sales checks is 150,000.
Answer:
a) 1000000 , b) 125000 & 93750 , c) 270000
Explanation:
Target Net profit = 105000
Let profit before tax be p
So, p - 30%p = 105000
0.70p = 105000
p = 150000
Total Net profit = Total revenue - Total cost
Average net profit = Average revenue - average cost. Let no. of customers, or sales checks =x
Total profit / x = 8 - (450000/ x + 3.2)
150000/ x = 8 - 3.2 - 450000/x
150000/x = 4.8 - 450000/x
x (no. of customers needed) = 125000 [b]
a] Total revenue needed = Average revenue x no. of customers needed
= 125000 x 8 = 1000000
b] Customers needed for break even {where TR = TC}
8x = 450000 + 3.2x
x = 93750
c] Net Income if sales checks is 150000 = TR - TC
= 150000 (8) - 450000 - 3.2 (150000) = 1200000 - 450000 - 480000
= 270000
The purposes of managerial accounting are to provide useful information to aid in:____.a. reviewing past activities.b. determining costs of products and services.c. determining costs of employee wages and salaries.d. comparing actual to planned results.
Answer:
The purposes of managerial accounting are to provide useful information to aid in:____.
d. comparing actual to planned results.
Explanation:
Managerial accounting identifies, measures, analyzes, and communicates financial information to help management achieve organizational goals. It provides data for planning, organizing, directing, and controlling an organization. In addition to identifying past information trends, it is able to make future predictions that aid management decision-making.
Noncash investing and financing activities may be disclosed in: Multiple Choice A note in the financial statements or a schedule attached to the statement of cash flows. The operating activities section of the statement of cash flows. The investing activities section of the statement of cash flows. The financing activities section of the statement of cash flows. The reconciliation of cash balance section.
Answer:
(A note in the financial statements or a schedule attached to the statement of cash flows.
Explanation:
Noncash investing and financing transactions do appear as a separate schedule on the statement of cash flows. They are are notable investing and financing activities that do not affect cash directly. The IFRS and US GAAP mandates companies to disclose all notable or significant non-cash investing and financing activities either at the bottom of the statement of cash flows usually in a form of a footnote or in the notes to the financial statements.
Noncash investing and financing activities may be disclosed in "a note in the financial statements or a schedule attached to the statement of cash flows". The correct option is A.
Noncash investing and financing activities refer to transactions that do not involve the direct use or receipt of cash but have significant financial implications for a company.
This statement of cash flows itself typically segregates cash flow information into three sections: operating activities, investing activities and financing activities.
While the noncash activities are not part of the operating, investing or financing activities sections, they are important to provide a comprehensive view of a company's financial health.
It can be included in a separate note or schedule to ensure transparency and proper understanding by stakeholders.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
To know more about Noncash investing here,
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four importance of Engineering
Explanation:
Engineering is a profession in which scientific knowledge and mathematics is used and experimented with to develop ways that benefit mankind, making it extremely important to society for several reasons.
Engineering encompasses a whole range of industries that could include on-site, practical construction work as well as evaluating safety systems from an office
Oak Ridge Steel Company has two departments, Casting and Rolling. In the Rolling Department, ingots from the Casting Department are rolled into steel sheet. The Rolling Department received 60,700 tons from the Casting Department. During July, the Rolling Department completed 74,500 tons, including 19,300 tons of work in process on July 1. The ending work in process inventory on July 31 was 5,500 tons.
Required:
How many tons were started and completed during July?
Answer:
1092749
Explanation:
the answer came by adding all the value of the equation
On January 31, 2020, Astrid Corp. purchased 5,000 shares of Sienna Co. common stock for $15 a share. Astrid accounts for the investment at fair value with adjustments to fair value recorded in net income. On March 15, 2020, Astrid Corp. declared a property dividend of 3,000 shares of Sienna Co. common stock, to be distributed on March 31, 2020. The shares of Sienna Co. were selling at $18 per share on March 15, 2020. The investment has not been adjusted to fair value since its purchase date. On the date of declaration of the property dividend, the Astrid Corp. would:
a. Recognize a liability account of $45,000.
b. Recognize a decrease in assets of $45,000.
c. Recognize an increase in net income of $9,000.
d. Recognize a liability account of $9,000.
Answer:
The correct option is c. Recognize an increase in net income of $9,000.
Explanation:
This can be determined as follows:
Common stock price per share on January 31, 2020 = $15
Common stock price per share on March 31, 2020 = $18
Fair value adjustment per share on March 31, 2020 = Common stock price per share on March 31, 2020 - Common stock price per share on January 31, 2020 = $18 - $15 = $3 gain
Fair value adjustment of declared a property dividend on March 31, 2020 = Number of shares declared as a property dividend on March 31, 2020 * Fair value adjustment per share on March 31, 2020 = $3,000 * $3 = $9,000 gain
Therefore, the correct option is c. Recognize an increase in net income of $9,000.
Assume the following information for Windsor Corp. Accounts receivable (beginning balance) $140,000 Allowance for doubtful accounts (beginning balance) 11,490 Net credit sales 938,000 Collections 915,000 Write-offs of accounts receivable 5,900 Collections of accounts previously written off 2,000 Uncollectible accounts are expected to be 7% of the ending balance in accounts receivable.Prepare the entries to record sales and collections during the period. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer:
Windsor Corp.
Journal Entries:
Debit Accounts Receivable $938,000
Credit Sales Revenue $938,000
To record sales on account.
Debit Cash $915,000
Credit Accounts Receivable $915,000
To record cash collected from customers.
Debit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $5,900
Credit Accounts Receivable $5,900
To record uncollectible accounts written off.
Debit Accounts Receivable $2,000
Credit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $2,000
To reinstate previously written off accounts.
Debit Bad Debts Expenses $3,407
Credit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $3,407
To record bad debts expense and bring the Allowance for doubtful accounts to a balance of $10,997, being 7% of the accounts receivable ending balance.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
T-accounts:
Accounts receivable
Accounts Titles Debit Credit
Beginning balance $140,000
Sales revenue 938,000
Cash $915,000
Allowance for doubtful a/cs 5,900
Allowance for
doubtful accounts 2,000
Cash 2,000
Balance 157,100
Totals $1,080,000 $1,080,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
Accounts Titles Debit Credit
Beginning balance $11,490
Accounts receivable 5,900
Accounts receivable 2,000
Bad Debts Expense 3,407
Balance 10,997
Totals $16,897 $16,897
Allowance = $10,997 (7% of $157,100)
Hadley Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations: Selling price $131 Units in beginning inventory 50 Units produced 2,110 Units sold 1,110 Units in ending inventory 1,050 Variable costs per unit: Direct materials $ 45 Direct labor $ 33 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 9 Variable selling and administrative expense $ 7 Fixed costs: Fixed manufacturing overhead $18,990 Fixed selling and administrative expense $22,200 What is the total period cost for the month under variable costing
Answer:
Period costs= $48,960
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Units sold 1,110
Variable selling and administrative expense $ 7
Fixed manufacturing overhead $18,990
Fixed selling and administrative expense $22,200
Under the variable costing method, the period costs include the fixed manufacturing overhead, selling, and administrative costs both fixed and variable.
Period costs= (7*1,110) + 18,990 + 22,200
Period costs= $48,960
For each of the situations described, determine whether the firms involved are part of a cartel or are simply colluding. a. Landscaping company owners in a county hold an annual meeting at a hotel. There, owners make contact with industry leaders, share cost-saving ideas, and set minimum prices for services in the coming year. Owners who set prices below these minimums are not invited to next year's meeting. Landscaping company owners who attend the meeting have formed a cartel. are engaged in collusion but are not part of a cartel. are acting competitively. b. Most hot dog carts in a city sell hot dogs for $3.00 each. Each stand makes comparable products, but each is independently owned and operated. The marginal cost of selling hot dogs on the street is around $1.00, but owners have maintained the $3.00 price point for several years. The cart owners are not in regular contact. Hot dog vendors in this city O are acting competitively since they cannot change the going price of hot dogs. O are colluding with one another but not as part of a cartel. have formed a cartel. c. Three friends start a bakery in the east side of a city. There is a higher demand for baked goods on the west side of the city, but the bakery's owners refrain from expanding there due the large number of well-established bakeries already there The east side bakery owners are c. Three friends start a bakery in the east side of a city. There is a higher demand for baked goods on the west side of the city, but the bakery's owners refrain from expanding there due the large number of well-established bakeries already there. The east side bakery owners are O colluding with the well-established bakeries on the west side of the city. O acting competitively by avoiding a poor business decision. responding to cartel pressure to stay in their own territory. d. A city has two major nut vending companies. L.M. Nutz operates roasted nut carts on the north side of the city, while Go Go Nuts operates carts on the south side of the city. Both companies operate at high margins and have a robust distribution infrastructure that would allow them to operate city wide, but each company operates exclusively on its end of town. L.M. Nutz and Go Go Nuts O collude with one another to maintain market power in their respective areas are acting competitively, entering the other company's market will likely start an unprofitable price war. have formed a roasted nut cartel.
Answer:
a. Landscaping company owners who attend the meeting have formed a cartel.
b. Hot dog vendors in this city are colluding with one another but not as part of a cartel.
c. The east side bakery owners are acting competitively by avoiding a poor business decision.
d. L.M. Nutz and Go Go Nuts are acting competitively, entering the other company's market will likely start an unprofitable price war.
Explanation:
Competitive Behaviors:
Cartel: A cartel is an organization of many independent suppliers who agree to set minimum prices for their products and services for the purpose of reducing competition.
Collusion occurs when some organizations stick to some informally-established prices for their products and services without actually formalizing their agreements, unlike a cartel.
Competition enable organizations to outperform one another with low prices and other competitive measures.
Since a cell phone is a private good, if Neha chooses to spend $300 on a cell phone, Neha would get $300 of benefit from the cell phone and Teresa wouldn't receive any benefit from Neha's choice. If Neha still spends $300 on a cell phone and Teresa chooses to contribute $300 to the public park, Neha would still receive the $270 of benefit from Teresa's generosity. In other words, if Neha decides to keep the $300 for a cell phone and Teresa decides to contribute the $300 to the public project, then Neha would receive a total benefit of $300 $270
Answer:
In other words, if Neha decides to keep the $300 for a cell phone and Teresa decides to contribute the $300 to the public project, then Neha would receive a total benefit of:
$570.
Explanation:
Neha has, in this situation, maximized his benefits to the detriment of the public good. This is an illustration of the tragedy of the commons. The tragedy of the common is an economic problem that explains the loss that the society incurs when some persons like Neha neglect to contribute to the common good because they are solely concentrated on pursuing their individual goals for personal gains.
In 1974, the price level for Pacifica was 100, the price level for Atlantica was also 100, and in the foreign exchange market 1 Pacifica pound was equal to 1 Atlantica mark. In 2003, the price level in Pacifica had risen to 280 and the price level in Atlantica had risen to 360. a. According to PPP, what should the pound-mark exchange rate be in 2003
Answer: 0.78 pound mark exchange rate
Explanation:
The Purchasing power parity (PPP) is typically used to make comparison between the currencies of different countries' currencies and also used in comparing their standards of living.
According to PPP, the pound-mark exchange rate in 2003 will be calculated as:
= 280/360
= 0.78
On January 1, Year 1, Samuel Company leases equipment from Lease Corp. The lease agreement specifies five annual payments of $50,000, with the first payment due at lease signing (January 1, Year 1), and at each January 1 from Year 2 to Year 5. At the end of the lease term, the equipment will be returned to the lessor and is expected to have a residual value of $30,000. The estimated useful life of the equipment is six years. The interest rate in the financing arrangement is 6%. The cost to Lease Corp of manufacturing the equipment is $150,000. The journal entry for the Lessor on January 1, Year 1 will include __________-
Answer:
Cash (Dr.) $50,000
Lease Receivable (Cr.) $50,000
Explanation:
Lessor is the person who leases the item to gain financial benefit from the asset user lease. Lessee is a person who uses the assets but does not owns it so he pays lease rentals. In the given scenario the lease recoding at inception in the lessor books will be cash debit and lease receivable credit.
In year 1, Kelley estimates bad debt expense of $10,000 for financial reporting purposes. The amount of bad debts deductible on the tax return was $2,000. The difference will be deducted on the tax return in the following year. The income tax rate is 40%. What is the balance in the deferred tax asset account at the end of year 1
Answer: $3,200
Explanation:
The following information can be deduced from the question:
Bad debt expense = $10,000
Bad debts deductible on tax return = $2000
Income tax rate = 40%
Therefore, the balance in the deferred tax asset account at the end of year 1 will be calculated thus:
= 40% x ($10,000 - $2,000)
= 0.4 × $8000
= $3,200
what are the proffesional values
Answer:
The values include “service, access equality, respect, confidentiality and privacy, protection of intellectual property rights, literacy, technical literacy, stewardship, and professional and social obligations”
Bailey, Inc., is considering buying a new gang punch that would allow them to produce circuit boards more efficiently. The punch has a first cost of $100,000 and a useful life of 15 years. At the end of its useful life, the punch has no salvage value. Labor costs would increase $2,000 per year using the gang punch, but raw material costs would decrease $12,000 per year. MARR is 5 %/year.
A. What is the discounted payback period for this investment? Image for Bailey, Inc., is considering buying a new gang punch that would allow them to produce circuit boards more effi ______years
B. If the maximum attractive DPBP is 3 years, what is the decision rule for judging the worth of this investment?
C. Should Bailey buy the gang punch based on DPBP?
Answer:
14.2 years
Do not invest
yes
Explanation:
Discounted payback calculates the amount of time it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from it cumulative discounted cash flows
Cash flow each year = $12,000 - $2,000 = $10,000
Discounted cash flow in year 1 = 10,000 / 1.05 = 9.523.81
Discounted cash flow in year 2 = 10,000 / 1.05^2 = 9,070.29
Discounted cash flow in year 3 = 10,000 / 1.05^3 = 8,638.38
Discounted cash flow in year 4 = 10,000 / 1.05^4 = 8,227.02
Discounted cash flow in year 5 = 10,000 / 1.05^5 = 7,835.26
Discounted cash flow in year 6 = 10,000 / 1.05^6 = 7,462.15
Discounted cash flow in year 7 = 10,000 / 1.05^7 = 7,106.81
Discounted cash flow in year 8 = 10,000 / 1.05^8 = 6,768.39
Discounted cash flow in year 9 = 10,000 / 1.05^9 = 6,446.09
Discounted cash flow in year 10 = 10,000 / 1.05^10 = 6,139.13
Discounted cash flow in year 11 = 10,000 / 1.05^11 = 5846.79
Discounted cash flow in year 12 = 10,000 / 1.05^12 = 5568.37
Discounted cash flow in year 13 = 10,000 / 1.05^13 = 5303.21
Discounted cash flow in year 14 = 10,000 / 1.05^14 =5050.68
Discounted cash flow in year 15 = 10,000 / 1.05^15 = 4810.17
Discounted payback period = [-100,000 + ( discounted cash flows from year 1 to 14) ] + 1013.62/4810.17 = 14.2 years
The cash flows would turn positive between year 14 and 15
If the DPBP is 3 years, the project should not be accepted because the payback period is 14.2 years which is greater than 3 years
Bailey buy the gang punch based on DPBP because the amount invested is recouped with the useful life of the machine
Transacion Transaction Amount
number (Year 2017)
1 Interest paid by a Country B’s corporation on a
bond owned by a Country A’s bank $1’000
2 Interest paid by Country A’s government on a treasury
bills owned by Country C’s government $2’000
3 Country A imports of coffee from Country B $3’000
4 Country A’s citizen donation to a Non-Governmental-
Organization located in Country A $4’000
5 Country A’s sale of Country C’s government bonds $5’000
6 Country B’s export of raw materials to Country C $6’000
Which transactions belong to Country A's current accounts?
a. 3,4, and 5.
b. 3 and 5.
c. 1,2, 3, 4, 5.
d. 1,2,3.
Answer:
d. 1,2,3
Explanation:
Current assets or liability is any transaction which provides benefit or is an obligation for one year. There are transaction related to interest expense and interest receivable in Country A. These transactions are assumed to provide benefit for one year. The import is also considered and incorporated in current account because it will provide monetary value for less than a year.
Appliance Apps has the following costs associated with its production and sale of devices that allow appliances to receive commands from cell phones. Beginning Inventory 0 Units Produced 25,000 Units Sold 20,000 Selling Price per Unit $144 Variable Sales and Administration Expenses $5 Fixed Sales and Administration Expenses $975,000 Direct Material Cost per Unit $25 Direct Labor Cost per Unit $11 Variable Manufacturing Overhead Cost per Unit $2 Fixed Manufacturing Overhead Cost per Month $977,500 Prepare an income statement under the absorption method. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.
Answer:
Appliance Apps
Income statement under the absorption method.
Sales $2,880,000
Less Cost of Sales
Beginning Inventory 0
Add Cost of Goods Manufactured $1,927,500
Less Ending Inventory ($385,500) ($1,542,000)
Gross Profit $1,338,800
Less Expenses
Variable Sales and Administration Expenses $100,000
Fixed Sales and Administration Expenses $975,000 ($1,075,000)
Net Income $263,000
Explanation:
Units in Ending Inventory
Beginning Inventory 0
Add Units Produced 25,000
Available for Sale 25,000
Less Units Sold 20,000
Ending Inventory 5,000
Absorption Cost calculations
Product Cost = $77.10
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $1,927,500
Ending Inventory = $385,500
Pharma Company produces various medicines in capsule form. At the beginning of the month of March, it had 5,000 units that were 40% complete. These were assigned costs of $150,000. During the month, it completed 55,000 units and has 20,000 units that are 50% completed. It had production costs during the month of $600,000. Complete all five steps of a production report using the weighted average method. Complete all five steps of a production report using the FIFO method.
Answer:
Pharma Company
1. Weighted Average method:
Weighted Average Method:
Equivalent units of production:
Started and completed this period 55,000
Ending WIP 10,000
Total equivalent unit produced = 65,000
Total cost of production:
Beginning WIP = $150,000
Current period 600,000
Total cost = $750,000
Cost per equivalent unit = $11.54 ($750,000/65,000)
Cost assigned to:
Units completed = 55,000 * $11.5385 = $634,617
Ending WIP = 10,000 * $11.5385 = 115,385
Total cost of production = $750,002
Cost Reconciliation:
Beginning WIP = $150,000
Completed units 600,000
Total costs = $750,000
Ending WIP = 115,385
Cost assigned to
production 634,617
2. FIFO method:
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Units Completion % Cost
Beginning WIP = 5,000 2,000 (40%) $150,000
Current completion (WIP) 3,000 (60%)
Completed 55,000 55,000 (100%) 600,000
Ending WIP 20,000 10,000 (50%)
Weighted Average Method:
Equivalent units of production:
Beginning WIP 3,000
Started and completed this period 55,000
Ending WIP 10,000
Total equivalent unit produced = 68,000
Total cost of production:
Current period 600,000
Cost per equivalent unit = $8.82 ($600,000/68,000)
Cost assigned to:
Beginning WIP =
Units completed
Beginning WIP = $150,000
= 3,000 * $8.82 = $26,460
= 55,000 * $8.82 = 485,100
Ending WIP:
= 10,000 * $8.82 = 88,200
Total cost of production = $749,760
Cost Reconciliation:
Beginning WIP (40%) = $150,000
WIP completed (60%) 26,460
Completed units 485,100
Ending WIP = 88,200
Total cost = $749,760
A borrower is interested in comparing the monthly payments on two otherwise equivalent 30 year FRMs. Both loans are for $100,000 and have a 7% interest rate. Loan 1 is fully amortizing, where as Loan 2 has negative amortization with a $120,000 balloon payment due at the end of the life of the loan. How much higher is the monthly payment on loan 1 versus loan 2
Answer:
The monthly payment in Loan 1 is higher than in loan 2 by:
(665.30 - 566.94) = $98.36
Explanation:
Solution:
Comparison of Loan 1 and Loan 2 in terms of monthly payments.
For the first loan, we have to calculate equal monthly payments with the following details:
Principal = $ 100,000,
Monthly Interest rate = 7/12 = 0.58% ,
Term = 360 months
Use the PV = C (1 - (1+r)-n ) / r ,
where PV = Principal, r = monthly rate, n = 360 and
find C (EMI) = $665.30
NOTE: (Excel function is used: PMT(rate, year, PV) formula for convenience)
For Loan 2, we have to understand a few things.
The original loan principal is $ 100,000,
but you are allowed to do a balloon payment of $ 120000 at the end of 30 years.
The present value of the Balloon payment can be deducted from the principal to find out the monthly cash payments to be done.
The monthly payments will of course be lower since a lump sum balloon payment is done at the end.
The calculation is similar to the above. In this scenario, the Monthly payment comes out to be $ 566.94
Hence,
The monthly payment in Loan 1 is higher than in loan 2 by:
(665.30 - 566.94) = $98.36
Dr. Yuan opens a lab. The lab has an initial cost of $100,000. Expected net cash flow is $24,000 in the first year, growing by 15% per year. Net cash flow is revenue less expenses. Assume the lab has a 6 yr life and there is no scrap value for the lab.
Later that same year, Dr. Bhat opens a similar lab in the strip mall less than two miles away from Dr. Yuan. Dr. Yuan estimates her net cash flow in the first year will be considerably less than her initial estimate. She estimates it will be $16,000. All else equal, what happens to the NPV of Dr. Yuan’s lab?
a) The NPV decreases, but is still positive. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
b) The IRR decreases, but is still positive. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
c) The IRR decreases, and becomes negative. Dr. Yuan should expect a loss on this investment.
d) The IRR and the NPV decrease. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
Assume instead that Dr. Yuan forms a partnership with Dr. Bhat. They agree to share the $100,000 cost equally and to share the cash flow equally. Because of efficiency gains from longer operating hours, they expect the net cash flow to be $32,000 per year. Assume they expect net cash flow to grow at 15% per year. What is the consequence of the partnership to Dr. Yuan? Please compare the results to the original scenario described in question 13 (Dr. Yan opening the only lab in the area).
a) The NPV decreases, but is still positive. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
b) The NPV decreases, and becomes negative. Dr. Yuan should expect a loss on this investment.
c) The IRR decreases, but is still positive. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
d) The IRR and the NPV increase. Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment
Answer:
d
d
Explanation:
Net present value is the present value of after-tax cash flows from an investment less the amount invested.
Only projects with a positive NPV should be accepted. A project with a negative NPV should not be chosen because it isn't profitable.
When choosing between positive NPV projects, choose the project with the highest NPV first because it is the most profitable.
Internal rate of return is the discount rate that equates the after-tax cash flows from an investment to the amount invested
NPV and IRR can be calculated with a financial calculator
Dr Yaun's inital strip mall
Cash flow in year 0 = $-100,000
Cash flow in year 1 = $24,000
Cash flow in year 2 = $24,000 x 1.15
Cash flow in year 3 = $24,000 x 1.15^2
Cash flow in year 4 = $24,000 x 1.15^3
Cash flow in year 5 = $24,000 x 1.15^4
Cash flow in year 6 = $24,000 x 1.15^5
I = 10 %
NPV = $46,718,00
IRR = 22.85%
Similar Strip Mall
Cash flow in year 0 = $-100,000
Cash flow in year 1 = $16,000
Cash flow in year 2 = $16,000 x 1.15
Cash flow in year 3 = $16,000 x 1.15^2
Cash flow in year 4 = $16,000 x 1.15^3
Cash flow in year 5 = $16,000 x 1.15^4
Cash flow in year 6 = $16,000 x 1.15^5
I = 10 %
NPV = $2188
IRR = 9.33%
It can be seen that both the IRR and NPV decreases but still remain positive. So, Dr. Yuan can still expect a positive return on her investment.
The partnership
Cash flow in year 0 = $100,000/ 2 =$-50,000
Cash flow in year 1 = $32,000 / 2
Cash flow in year 2 = ($32,000 x 1.15)/2
Cash flow in year 3 = ($32,000 x 1.15^2)/2
Cash flow in year 4 = ($32,000 x 1.15^3)/2
Cash flow in year 5 = ($32,000 x 1.15^4)/2
Cash flow in year 6 = ($32,000 x 1.15^5)/2
I = 10 %
NPV = $47,812
IRR = 34.49%
It can be seen that the NPV and IRR are both higher when compared with the first scenario
To find the NPV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
To find the IRR using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. After inputting all the cash flows, press the IRR button and then press the compute button
For each of the following scenarios, identify the number of firms present, the type of product, and the appropriate market model. Select the matching entry for each dropdown box in the following table.
Scenario
Number of Firms
Type of Product
Market Model
There are hundreds of colleges and universities that serve millions of college students each year. The colleges vary by location, size, and educational quality, which allows students with diverse preferences to find schools that match their needs.
There are hundreds of high school students in need of algebra tutoring services. Dozens of companies offer tutoring services; parents view the quality of the tutoring at the different companies to be largely the same.
In a small town, there are four providers of broadband Internet access: a cable company, the phone company, and two satellite companies. The Internet access offered by all four providers is of the same speed. Almost everyone in the city already has broadband, so any potential new company would have to engage in a price war with the existing companies and would be unlikely to cover its costs for years, if ever.
The government has granted the U.S. Postal Service the exclusive right to deliver mail.
Answer:
Number of Firms - many
Type of Product - differentiated
Market Model - monopolistic competition
Number of Firms - many
Type of Product - standardised
Market Model - perfect competition
Number of Firms - few
Type of Product - standardised
Market Model - oligopoly
Number of Firms - one
Type of Product - unique
Market Model - monopoly
Explanation:
A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry. In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit. If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.
Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.
A monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling differentiated products in an industry. A monopoly has characteristics of both a monopoly and a perfect competition. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.
An example of monopolistic competition are restaurants
A monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry. there are usually high barriers to entry of firms. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.
An example of a monopoly is a utility company
An Oligopoly is when there are few large firms operating in an industry. While, a monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry.
Oligopolies are characterised by:
price setting firms profit maximisation high barriers to entry or exit of firms downward sloping demand curveZiva is an organic lettuce farmer, but she also spends part of her day as a professional organizing consultant. As a consultant, Ziva helps people organize their houses. Due to the popularity of her home-organization services, Farmer Ziva has more clients requesting her services than she has time to help if she maintains her farming business. Farmer Ziva charges $25 an hour for her home-organization services. One spring day, Ziva spends 10 hours in her fields planting $130 worth of seeds on her farm. She expects that the seeds she planted will yield $300 worth of lettuce.
Reqired:
What is the total opportunity cost (implicit plus explicit costs) of the day that Farmer Ziva spent in the field planting lettuce?
Answer: $380
Explanation:
Implicit costs are the opportunity costs or rather the benefits foregone by picking the current alternative.
For Ziva this is:
= 25 * 10
= $250 she would have made doing home organization
Explicit cost is the expense incurred:
= $130 worth of seed
Total opportunity cost = 250 + 130
= $380
Orchid Biotech Company is evaluating several development projects for experimental drugs. Although the cash flows are difficult to forecast, the company has come up with the following estimates of the initial capital requirements and NPVs for the projects. Given a wide variety of staffing needs, the company has also estimated the number of research scientists required for each development project (all cost values are given in millions of dollars).
Project Number Initial Capital Number of Research Scientists NPV
I $10 2 $10.1
II 15 3 19.0
III 15 4 22.0
IV 20 3 25.0
V 30 12 60.2
Required:
a. Suppose that Orchid has a total capital budget of $60 million. Calculate the profitability index for each project. How should Orchid prioritize these projects?
b. Suppose that Orchid currently has 12 research scientists and does not anticipate being able to hire more in the near future. How should Orchid prioritize these projects?
Answer:
I. 2.01
II. 2.27
III. 2.47
IV. 2.25
V. 3.01
Order of priority = V, III and II
b. Order of priority = IV, II, III, I, V
Explanation:
profitability index = 1 + (NPV / Initial investment)
I. 1 + ($10.1 / $10) = 2.01
II. 1 + (19 / 15) = 2.27
III. 1 + (22/15) = 2.47
IV. 1 + (25/20) = 2.25
V. 1 + (60.2 / 30) = 3.01
If the firm has a total capital budget of $60 million, it should only choose its most profitable projects within the budget
The most profitable is project V with a cost of $30 million. Then project III with a cost of $15 million. Then project II with a cost of $15 million.
Order of priority = V, III and II
b. to determine order of priority, divide NPV / number of research assistant
1. 10.1 / 2 = 5.05
2. 19 / 3 =6.3
III. 22 / 4 = 5.5
IV. 25 / 3 = 8.3
V. 60.2 / 12 = 5.02
Order of priority = IV, II, III, I, V
The Swenson Corporation has a standard costing system. The following data are available for June: Actual quantity of direct materials purchased 35,000 pounds Standard price of direct materials $4 per pound Material price variance $7,000 unfavorable Material quantity variance $4,200 favorable The actual price per pound of direct materials purchased in June is:
Answer:
Actual price= $4.2 per pound
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Actual quantity of direct materials purchased 35,000 pounds
Standard price of direct materials $4 per pound
Material price variance $7,000 unfavorable
To calculate the actual price, we need to use the direct material price variance formula:
Direct material price variance= (standard price - actual price)*actual quantity
-7,000 = (4 - actual price)*35,000
-7,000= 140,000 - 35,000actual price
35,000actual price= 147,000
Actual price= $4.2 per pound
Suppose the economy of the large country of Hendrix is currently experiencing economic growth and has a trade deficit. Consider the possible effects of this economic growth on the trade balance and place them in the appropriate category. Match the followings.
a. Likely to occur during economic growth and increase the trade deficit.
b. Likely to occur during economic growth and decrease the trade deficit.
c. Not likely to occur during economic growth
1. [imports decrease]
2. [domestic private investment increases]
3. [government borrowing decreases]
4. [government borrowing increases]
5. [private savings decrease]
6. [domestic private investment decreases]
7. [private savings increase]
8. [imports increase]
Answer:
Likely to occur during economic growth and increase the trade deficit.
1. Domestic private investment increases
2. Imports increase
When there is a period of economic growth, people generally have more income in the economy. Their consumption will increase and they will demand more foreign goods as well as domestic. This will lead to imports rising.
Likely to occur during economic growth and decrease the trade deficit.
1. Private saving increase.
2. Government borrowing decrease
With people earning more income, they will be able to save more of that income and because they are not buying with those savings, trade deficit drops.
The government would also not have to borrow as much to prop up the economy as the economy is also doing well. This means less need for foreign funds so a lower trade deficit ensues.
Not likely to occur during economic growth.
1. Imports decrease.
2. Government borrowing increases.
When there is economic growth, it is unusual to see that imports are decreasing.
Government would also not have to borrow as much as the economy is doing well on its own and does not need the government to pump money into it.