Some factories release various types of waste into the air through the burning of nonrenewable resources such as coal. This has severe effects on the environment in terms of resources, air, and water quality. a) Sulfur dioxide is released into the air but ends up in lakes and streams as acid rain. Based on your knowledge of the water cycle, explain how this happens. Hint: Start with cloud formation. (2 points)

Mendels factors or characters are not correlated as they segregate independently of each other to the next generation.

Pea plants traits can differ between different individuals due to genetic variation in a specie. If the trait is polymorphic, it will be expressed differently depending on the allele that the plant possesses showing different characteristics between indivuduals from the same specie.

   Dominant and Recessive Trait is the correlation between Mendel's factors and the pea plants.

Gregor Mendel is referred to as  The Father of genetics. He proved that the laws of inheritance are true using his pea plant experiment. Hybridization was also brought into light during the experiment.

He choose to conduct the experiment using the pea plant as it reproduces easily and he could control the pollination of peas as it was not hard to do.

It was concluded that traits are inherited and not blended from the parent to the offspring.

Dominant Traits are the genes that are exactly transferred to the offspring.

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The question's statement would be true since there's known that a high percentage of our population does not have clear ideas of how our daily actions impact the environment. Maybe this is because currently, we don't have an important ecological education and culture as a society that transcends from learning spaces, such as school and college, to our jobs and the other social spaces, such as those for our entertaining.

The heart in the human body is located slightly to the left side, between the right and left lungs and protected by the breastbone, being it anatomical position medial to the lungs.

The best option would be the letter C) small petals, large anthers, and a feathery stigma

Answer: It provides support, structure, mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy bending without breakage.

Explanation: Collenchyma cells are elongated cells with irregularly thick cell walls that provide support and structure. Their thick cell walls are composed of the compounds cellulose and pectin. These cells are often found under the epidermis, or the outer layer of cells in young stems and in leaf veins.

Question:

Solution:

Both lipids and proteins are macromolecules. This means that they are made of monomers. Condensation reactions result in covalently bonded monomers. In fact, monomers are covalently linked to generating these macromolecules.

The term lipid refers to a wide variety of biomolecules including fats, oils, waxes, and steroid hormones. Regardless of their structure, location, or function in a cell or body, all lipids share common characteristics that allow them to group together.

Now, lipids differ in structure from proteins in the following way:

The monomers of proteins are amino acids and the monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol.

The endocrine system and made by a serie of glands and tissues that make and secrete hormones used to regulate the body functions and maintain the homeostasis. The homones produce by the endocrine system control several processes in the body, such as: metabolism, sexual function and reproduction, development and growth, sleep pattern, mood and emotions pattern, and blood pressure. The glands of that system sends the hormones produced into the bloodstream to the traget cells, like the case of the insulin that is produced in the pancreas and liberated by that organ into the blood to guide the glucose to the liver to be stored as glycogen, or the case of the strogen and testosterone that are essetial to the development of the secondary sexual traits in humans.

The correct option is the last one "lower concentration of nutrients". Algae might use the excess of nutrients in the lake, which ultimately could lead to increase oxygenation in water and less concentration of nutrients, as the algae is using them to perform photosynthesis.

Answer: A, B, C, D

Explanation:

Fishes inside water have streamlined shape body and have slippery scales to move inside water and protect themselves. Fishes have fins and tails to keep balance in water. They also have gills to use oxygen dissolved in water which help them to live inside water for years.

The given statement that the only solution to natural resource conservation is recycling is incorrect. Thus is because reducing consumption and reusing products are also other alternatives.

Natural resources are the substances that are obtained from the nature. The examples of natural resources are coal, petroleum, wind, air, water, etc.  Natural resources have the utmost important because these are the sources for producing any other material for the use.

Recycling is the phenomenon of processing waste material so that it can be used again a aa new material. Recycling is not the only resort for conservation of nature. If a person reduces his natural resources consumption, or reuses the objects that are not easily degradable, that will also conserve the nature to a great extent.

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Every year birds migrate searching for better environments to acquire food. As winter approaches, birds migrate to the South, looking for warmer places. However, climate changes can affect this behavior. Stead of flying from North to South, birds can find warm enough places flying on an East to West axis. They no longer need to go down to the South to find warmer places because they can find it in Europe, for example. So, it may change the migration, which starts to occur further East, considering that North America is located on the West (globaly speaking), looking for warmer places in the European continent, for example. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Flying further East.

Question;

Solution:

a) Remember that Diffusion is the process of random movement toward a

state of equilibrium. Now, In a solution without barriers, all the solutes diffuse at rates determined by temperature, their physical properties, and the concentration gradient of each solute. If a biological membrane divides the

solution into separate compartments, the movement of the different solutes can be affected by the properties of the membrane. The membrane is said to be permeable to solutes that can cross it more or less easily. In this case, we can see a process called simple diffusion, where small molecules pass through the lipid bilayer of the membrane. The more lipid-soluble the molecule, the more rapidly it diffuses through the bilayer. This statement holds true over a wide range of molecular weights.

Then, the correct answer to this item would be: diffusion.

b) One example of the process called difusion is when water molecules are abundant enough and small enough that they move through membranes by a diffusion process called osmosis. Now, we know that the difference in solute concentration between a cell and its surrounding environment determines whether water will move from the environment into the cell or out of the cell into the environment. For example, consider an animal cell. In a Hypotonic solution such as a dilute salt solution, water enters the cell, and cells swell and burst. On the other hand, if a Hypertonic solution such as concentrated salt solution, cells lose water and shrivel.

Then, the correct answer to this item would be:

The diffusion process can affect cells depending on the concentration of the extracellular fluid, for example, considering an animal cell, we get that :

1. In a Hypotonic extracellular fluid such as a dilute salt solution, water enters the cell, and cells swell and burst.

2. In a Hypertonic extracellular fluid such as concentrated salt solution, Cells lose water and shrivel.

To determine whether the girl is overweight or not she needs to calculate the body mass index (BMI). The equation of the BMI is the following:

In this case the hight of the girl is 1.75 m and the weight is 125lbs, but in order to calculate de BMI the wight must be in Kg.

To calculate the weight in Kg we use the following equation:

Now, the BMI can be calculated as:

In order to determine if the girl is overweight or not we need to look for the BMI categories and compare the value 18.55 Kg/m2 to them.

The process showed in A is called plasmolysis. In such process, a cell loses water because it is in a hypertonic solution, i.e. the outside of the cell has greater concentration of solutes that the inside of the cell.

In chemistry, there is a rule called "the octet rule", which says that the outermost energy level of atoms is completed when it reaches 8 electrons.

In this case, oxygen is no exception, this atom has 6 electrons in its last energy level and requires 2 more to complete its octet. In the following image, we see the lewis structure for oxygen where each dot represents an electron. Each individual electron represents a space where another electron can join to form a bond and complete the octet.

Finally, to answer the question, hydrogen atoms have only one electron, so we need 2 hydrogen atoms (one for each individual electron of oxygen) to complete the octet as we see in the next image. Therefore, the answer is C (2)

To divide, a cell must complete several important tasks: it must grow, copy its genetic material (DNA), and physically split into two daughter cells. Cells perform these tasks in an organized, predictable series of steps that make up the cell cycle. The cell cycle is a cycle, rather than a linear pathway, because at the end of each go-round, the two daughter cells can start the exact same process over again from the beginning.

In eukaryotic cells, or cells with a nucleus, the stages of the cell cycle are divided into two major phases: interphase and the mitotic (M) phase.

During interphase, the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA.

During the mitotic (M) phase, the cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells.

Interphase

During G1 phase, also called the first gap phase, the cell grows physically larger, copies organelles, and makes the molecular building blocks it will need in later steps.

In S phase, the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the DNA in its nucleus. It

also duplicates a microtubule-organizing structure called the centrosome. The centrosomes help separate DNA during M phase.

During the second gap phase, or G2 phase, the cell grows more, makes proteins and organelles, and begins to reorganize its contents in preparation for mitosis. G2 phase ends when mitosis begins.

M phase

During the mitotic (M) phase, the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to make two new cells. M phase involves two distinct division-related processes: mitosis and cytokinesis.

In mitosis, the nuclear DNA of the cell condenses into visible chromosomes and is pulled apart by the mitotic spindle, a specialized structure made out of microtubules. Mitosis takes place in four stages: prophase (sometimes divided into early prophase and prometaphase), metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is split in two, making two new cells. Cytokinesis usually begins just as mitosis is ending, with a little overlap. Importantly, cytokinesis takes place differently in animal and plant cells.

a. The precentral sulcus is located in the rostral to the central sulcus in the frontal lobe. This area is considered the somatomotor cortex because it control the volitional movements of the collateral side of the body.

b. The insular lobe is an anatomical integration hub that connects to an extensive network of cortical and subcortical regions serving sensory, emotional, motivational, and cognitive functions.

c. The left side of the parietal lobe controls sensory perception and language processing.

d. The postcentral gyrus located in the main somatosensory area of the frontal cortex is the main sensory receptor for the sense of touch.

e. The occipital lobe is located in the back of the brain and is the smallest of the four lobes, it enables visual processing and visual memory.

The correct option is

The medusas (cnidarians) is a free-swimming form organism, that is able to move through the water by rhythmic muscular constractions of the bell part (jet propulsion) of their body. Therefore, the correct alternative is the one that says: D. water is brought into the gastrovascular cavity and then expe

The process of meiosis produces genetically unique reproductive cells called gametes, which have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Fertilization, the fusion of haploid gametes from two individuals, restores the diploid condition.

Solution:

Remember that a stoma is a pore, found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that controls the rate of gas exchange. Now, according to this, we can conclude that:

the three major substances that can pass through a plant's stomata are water (water vapor), oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

So that, the correct answer is:

WATER

OXYGEN

CARBON DIOXIDE

C. Concentrations will shift up and down tiny amounts, but hover around the same levels.

The concentration of ions outside the cell and inside the cell will differ depending on what the body needs. There will be times that the charge inside the cell is more positive due to higher concentration of positive ions than outside the cell. But it will tend to go back into equilibrium like pumping out the excess ions out of the cell.

The auditory system of human is divided into three regions:

1- Outer ear: the external ear and ear canal;

2- Middle ear: end of the ear canal and begin of the cochlea (transmit the sound vibration from the external environment to the cochlea);

3- Inner ear: coclea (responsible to transmit sound information to the nervous system).

All together are responsible for the arrival of the auditory signal to the nevous system.

General category: Biology.

Sub-category: Scientific method

Topic: Independent and dependent variables

Introduction:

A dependent variable represents a quantity whose value depends on how the independent variable is changed.

According to the statement of the problem, we have that

the hypothesis would be:

Eating breakfast improves grades.

This means that the notes vary with respect to eating breakfast or not (breakfast consumption). Therefore, the notes depend on whether the individual had breakfast or not. This means that grades are the dependent variable and the independent variable is breakfast consumption.

Notice that the variable breakfast consumption has as possible values: the individual had breakfast or the individual did not have breakfast.

We can conclude that the correct answer is:

The independent variable is:

breakfast consumption

where this variable has the possible values:

- the individual had breakfast or

- the individual did not have breakfast.

Before this, scientists believed that every cell in the body were capable of being cloned, or the first answer option. This conducted the researchers to carry lab surveys that eventually would form a cloned organism from another sheep.

Plastics are made from non-renewable and non-biodegradable materials and are difficult to convert to environmentally friendly substances. As a result, the organisms and their habitat are facing danger that might lead to destruction, scarcity of food resources, and even death.

Mitosis produces two diploid cells that are genetically identical to each other while meiosis produces four haploid gametes that are genetically unique from each other and the parent cell.

The male and female haploid cells fuse to form a zygote in meiosis.

Homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrads in the cell in meiosis. This is the cell division that needs crossing over and genetic variation.

In Mitosis, chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell during anaphase. In Meiosis, the sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell during Anaphase 2.

Answer - Option D. Chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell

The statement is false. It is correct that enzymes can speed up biochemical reactions, that is why they are also known as biological catalysts. But the way they do their function is that they can decrease the energy needed for a reaction to occur. Moreover, they can help with the interaction with two molecules that have to interact and favour it in ther active site.

Griffith's experiment was performed in 19328 by Frederick Griffith.

In this experiment, Griffith used two strains of the pneumococcus that caused pneumonia, one that was virulent and another that wasn't virulent.

His experiment showed that bacterias can transfer genetic information among them, which he called "transformation.

This means A) pneumonia is the right answer.

Aditionally, HIV is caused by a virus, not a bacteria;

We have to consider that these types of natural selection differs one from another in that they can cause a process known as speciation because of the different tendencies their populations can exhibits. Stabilizing natural selection, though, characterizes itself in that a population species tends to keep showing similar traits generations before had. Having this clear, we can say that lizards getting food allowing them to live long and reproduce, is a stabilizing type of natural selection.

The -OH of one glycine molecule reacted to the H- of the next glycine molecule to form water.