. Some people have developed allergies to animal insulin. Explain why the immune system would be able to distinguish animal insulin from human insulin

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Difference between animal and human insulin and/or not being properly purified.

Explanation:

Insulin is a hormone that regulates the metabolism of secreted by the β-islet of Langerhans cells of the pancreas. It that allows blood sugar, known as glucose, to pass into cells. Glucose comes from the food and drinks and it is the body's main source of energy. So, insulin plays a key role in maintaining proper blood glucose levels.

Animal insulin is produced by the pancreas of animals, usually cows and pigs. Then, the insulin is purified to reduce the chance of the insulin user developing a reaction to the insulin.

Each organism has its own genetical identity and any foreign particle is treated as an antigen. And, there is small chemical difference between insulin produced in animals and insulin produced in humans. That difference, caused by a different sequence of peptides, can be recognized by the immune system as something foreign and as such can be a threat to the body. And that would trigger an immune response. Also, the response can be because it hasn't been properly purified and contains other compounds or proteins that are also foreign.


Related Questions

Carolus Linnaeus Group of answer choices developed theories of natural selection. was a proponent of evolutionary change. established a binomial system of classification for plants and animals. was a supporter of Charles Darwin. opposed all notions of fixity of species.

Answers

Answer:

1- was a proponent of evolutionary change.  

2- established a binomial system of classification for plants and animals

Explanation:

Carolus Linnaeus was a Sweden naturalist that is considered to be the creator of the modern taxonomy. He created a dichotomic system to classify species, in which species are fixed entities without phenotypic modifications across time, this concept being contrary to Darwin's ideas. Linnaeus published his nomenclature botanical system in the book "Species Plantarum", which is nowadays a reference book for plant nomenclature.

A student recorded the height of each student in the school. She then made a bar graph of her results. She observed that
the results form a bell-shaped curve. The student could use her graph as evidence to support which argument?
Height is affected by multiple pairs of genes on different chromosomes.
The alleles for tall height and short height are codominant.
The allele for being tall is dominant to the allele for shorter heights.
There are three alleles for height that demonstrate incomplete dominance.

Answers

Answer:

Height is affected by multiple pairs of genes on different chromosomes.

Explanation:

The height is a quantitative trait, it is a phenotypic feature that presents a continuous range of variation in the population. The cumulative effects of many genes and the environment produce a normal distribution bell-shaped curve when they are drawn, this being a characteristic of quantitative genetic traits. Examples of quantitative traits include, among others, height, metabolic rate and weight.

The student could use their graph as evidence to support the argument that "The alleles for tall stature and short stature are codominant."

What is a Codominant gene?

Codominant: Autosomal codominant inheritance is the condition in which the heterozygote has the characteristics determined by both alleles (dominant and recessive).

What is allele?

Allele genes are those that occupy the same locus on homlogous chromosomes and are involved in determining the same character.

With this information, we can conclude that the genes alleles of the students in this class are codominant.

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Which shows the most direct path that carbon can take through the carbon cycle? plant ® atmosphere ® animal animal ® plant ® atmosphere plant ® animal ® atmosphere atmosphere ® animal ® fossil fuel

Answers

The most direct path that carbon can take through the carbon cycle is: plant ---> atmosphere ---> animal.

What is the carbon cycle?

The carbon cycle refers to the various processes by which carbon flows through the ecosystem.

The carbon cycle involves processes which remove carbon and other processes which release carbon into the atmosphere.

The most direct path that carbon can take through the carbon cycle is plant ---> atmosphere ---> animal.

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Answer:

The answer is C) plant ® animal ® atmosphere

Explanation:

As the chromosomes of a parent cell are duplicated and distributed to the two daughter cells during cell division, the structure of the chromosomes changes.Answer the three questions for each phase of the cell cycle by dragging the yes and no labels to the appropriate locations in the table.Note: Assume that by the end of the M phase, the parent cell has not yet divided to form two daughter cells.Are sister chromatid present in all or part of this phase?Is the DNA condensed in all or part of this phase?Does the cell contain twice as much DNA in this phase as it did in the G1 phase?

Answers

Answer:

Conditions:

Sister chromatids present in all or part of phase? ANSWERS BELOWDNA condensed in all or part of phase? ANSWERS BELOWDNA content per cell doubled in all or part of phase? ANSWERS BELOW

**image also provided below for further clarification - all rights reserved to Mastering Genetics**

Explanation:

Conditions:

G1: no, S: yes, G2: yes, Beginning of M: yes, End of M: noG1: no, S: no, G2: no, Beginning of M: yes, End of M: yesG1: no, S: yes, G2: yes, Beginning of M: yes, End of M: yes

Because the replicated DNA is created, and the cell has twice as much genetic material, cells in the G2 phase have twice as much DNA.

What are the important phases of cell cycles?

A diploid cell's G1 phase marks the start of the cell cycle (DNA content = 2 N; N is the number of chromosomes).

The cell enters the G2 phase with twice as much DNA (4 N) as the starting cell after DNA replication is finished in the S phase.

DNA replication happens in the S phase, when DNA synthesis happens and the amount of DNA doubles. Once the G1 phase is over, each chromosome contains one chromatid.

Each chromosome will have two chromatids following the S phase, though. The two chromatids here are exact duplicates of one another.

Therefore, When a cell is in the G1 phase, it physically expands and produces more protein and organelles.

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The sex of the person that you are attracted to would
determine your
sexual identification.
o gender-role attractions
sexual orientation.
sexuality​

Answers

Answer:

Gender role attraction determine your sexual identificaton.

Explanation:

To which domain does the animal kingdom belong? Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is Eukarya.

Explanation:

The kingdom Animalia is one of four Kingdoms in the Domain Eukarya. This domain is further subdivided into the Kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.

Answer:

Eukarya is it

Explanation:

There are two properties of phospholipids that affect how tightly they pack together: the length of the hydrocarbon chain and the number of double bonds. The degree of packing, in turn, influences the relative mobility of these molecules in the membrane. Which of the following would yield the most highly mobile phospholipid (listed as number of carbons and number of double bonds, respectively)?
(a) 24 carbons with 1 double bond
(b) 15 carbons with 2 double bonds
(c) 20 carbons with 2 double bonds
(d) 16 carbons with no double bonds

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:It’s d

Jessica weighs 125 pounds. She rode a bike at 17mph for 25 minutes. What is the calorie cost of this activity?
a. 185 calories
b. 178 calories
c. 180 calories
d. 190 calories
e. 188 calories

Answers

Answer:

b. 178 calories

ok so 17mph is 0.57 weight/min

so what were going to do is multiply 125 times 0.57 which is 7.125

then multiple that answer by 25 mintues: 7.125 x 25 = 178.12...etc

now if we round this up it stays as 178!

what must happen before meiosis can begin A. the cell splits into four parts B. the chromosomes must replicate C. four haploid cells are produced D.DNA must duplicate four times

Answers

Answer:

B. the chromosomes must replicate

Answer: DNA replicates and forms retreads

Explanation:

How is the top layer of the ocean different than the deepest layer
A the top layer is colder and doesn’t receive sunlight
B the top layer receives sunlight and is warmer
C the top layer is warmer and doesn’t receive sunlight
D the top layer is colder and receives sunlight

Answers

Answer:

B the top layer receives sunlight and is warmer

Explanation:

Answer:

B. the top layer receives sunlight and is warmer.

I was wondering if anyone could help with this? The photo is posted below.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is option C.

Hope this helps you

(sodium potassum adenosine triphosphatase) is found in the plasma membrane and catalyzes the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane. Classify the statements about the transport system as either true or false.

Answers

Answer:

The statements are:

Pumps K+ out of the cell False

Pumps K+ions into the cell True

Exchanges 3 Na+ ions for 2 K ions+ True

Exchanges 3 K+ ions for 2 Na+ ions False

Creates a membrane potential that is negative on the inside True

The transport protein becomes adenylated by ATP during the transport cycle True

Pumps Na+ ions out of the cell True

Pumps Na+ ions into the cell False

Explanation:    

Sodium Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase is in the membrane of cells.  Its function is to create a difference of charges between the inside and the outside of the cell. The enzyme pumps 3 Na+ ions outside the cell for every 2 K+ ions that pumps inside the cell producing a resting potential. As this process is against their concentration gradient, the protein needs the energy to do it. This energy comes from the ATP  that attaches to the transport protein.

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells

Answers

Answer:

Those capillaries that have endothelial cells tightly attached have an increase in cell-to-cell junctions, such as desmosomal junctions that are poorly permeable to substances.

These capillaries generally function as conductors or collectors and not as permeabilizers like the pulmonary capillaries that are fenestrated and allow a high passage of substances and gases.

The capillaries are waterproof and prevent the passage of substances or fluids such as in the blood-brain barrier that is very selective

Explanation:

The blood-brain barrier is too selective since it is not favorable for the organism that many fluids, drugs, substances or chemical compounds enter the brain space.

This is the reason why the vessels are waterproof and why pharmacology was challenged to invent drugs that could cross this barrier since it was considered impossible.

An example is dopamine, which in parkynson's disease the levo group is added to dopamine, thus forming levodopamine as a product, this is the only way that the drug crosses the blood-brain barrier and can pass the impermeable barrier generated by capillaries with endothelial cells that are close to each other or closely linked

n which environment would mineral formation caused by high pressures and high temperatures most likely occur?

Answers

Answer:

when the flood or landslide flows theremnants of plants and animals are taken to the sea and ocean then due to high pressure and temperature they forms fossils in sedimentary rocks and due to the anaerobic condition under the fosdils gets decayed and it forms the layer of mineral. so we can say thatminerals are formed in anaerobic condition under sedimentary rocks.

why did mendel use pea plants in his experiments A. they produced quickly B. they are all male C. they have no alleles D. they are haploid organisms

Answers

Answer:

They produce quickly

Explanation:

Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they are easy to raise, have many offspring per mating, can fertilize themselves and have varieties in genotype and phenotype that are easily observable. These characteristics make pea plants ideal in the study of genetics and heredity.

Humans breathe in oxygen and release ____ gas.

Answers

Answer:

Carbon

Explanation:

Reverse photosynthesis

Answer:

carbon dioxide

Explanation:

our body changes it

which type of research study compares disease rates among population groups?

Answers

Answer:

Epidemiological

Explanation:

Epidemiology compares disease rates among population groups, and attempts to identify related conditions or behaviors.

Answer: Epidemiological studies

The mechanism by which proteins synthesized in the cytosol are imported into the mitochondrial matrix is different from the mechanism by which proteins enter the nucleus, yet the two mechanisms do share some features. Indicate whether each of the following statements applies to nuclear import, mitochondrial import, both, or neither. Sort each statement into the appropriate bin.
1. The polypeptide to be transported into the organelle has a specific short stretch of amino acids that targets the polypeptide to the organelle.
2. The imported protein enters the organelle through some sort of protein pore
3. The pore complex consists of more than two dozen proteins and is large enough to be readily seen with the electron microscope.
4. ATP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process
5. The signal sequence is always at the olypeptide's N-terminus and is cut off by a peptidase within the organelle
6. The signal sequence is recognized
GTP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process
7. There is strong evidence for the involvement of chaperone proteins polypeptide's N-terminus and isctand bound by a receptor protein inrequired for the translocation during translocation of the protein the organelle's outer membrane process.
Nuclear import Mitochondrial import Both Neither

Answers

Answer:

Nuclear import:

1. GTP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process

2. The pore complex consists of more than two dozen proteins and is large enough to be readily seen through electron microscopy

Mitochondrial import:

1. ATP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process

2. The signal sequence is always at the polypeptide's N-terminus and is cut off by a peptidase inside the organelle

3. There is strong evidence for the involvement of chaperones during the translocation process

4. The signal sequence is recognized and bound by a receptor protein in the organelles outer membrane

Both:

1. The polypeptide to be transferred into the organelle has a specific short stretch of amino acids that targets the polypeptide to the organelle

2. The imported protein enters the organelle through some sort of protein pore

Explanation:

 What is the most likely explanation for how speciation occurs?
A. It occurs by more than one method.
B. It occurs by gradual changes.
C. It occurs only by geographic isolation.
D. It occurs only by natural selection.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is (C) geographical isolation

Explanation:

Speciation is most likely to occur when populations become geographically isolated from one another, and come to inhabit environments that differ significantly from one another.

Penicillin has ability to provoke immune response by itself. true or false?​

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

Penicillin is a bacteria so it means it causes the production of antibodies which then boost the immune system.

It is like vaccination; small doses of the inactive form of the infection is injected into the body in order for the body to create antibodies resistant to such infection(thereby boosting the immune system).

Hope it helps.

Describe an additional hypothetical situation that illustrates the "use it" portion of the use it or lose it principle. Be sure to describe the situation/behavior and explain why more bone is present under these circumstances. Also, describe an additional hypothetical situation that illustrates the "lose it" portion of the use it or lose it principle. Be sure to describe the situation/behavior and explain why less bone is present under these circumstances.

Answers

The first step of bone remodeling is the deposition of new bone cell to the destroyed portion. This is for maintenance of healthy bones

For a strong healthy body you have to take exercise regularly. This will replace unhealthy bone cell.

If you dont use your bone for support weight it will result of bone loss.. this is a situation of called lose it..

Eggs and sperm are examples of _____. zygotes somatic cells diploid cells gametes

Answers

answer: gametes .....

Answer:

gametes

Explanation:

gradpoint

At a continental-continental convergent boundary, _____. a, both continental plates are subducted b. one continental plate is subducted below the other c. folded mountains are formed d. fault-block mountains are formed

Answers

Answer:

I dont get it???

Explanation:

Answer:

I think both continental plates are subducted

why was an Archea considered as a prokaryote ​

Answers

Answer:

Archaea is prokaryotic because it doesn't have a nucleus, nor any membrane-bound organelles. The reason why Archaea is different from Bacteria is it is more prominent, most of them are extremophiles.

because they are composed of cell which doesn't have nucleus and other some cell organelles and also considered as incomplte cell.

List the functions of proteins

Answers

Answer:

Growth and Maintenance.

Causes Biochemical Reactions.

Acts as a Messenger.

Provides Structure.

Maintains Proper pH.

Balances Fluids.

Bolsters Immune Health.

Transports and Stores Nutrients.

difference between plant and animal cyanide resistance respiration.

Answers

Answer:

The cyanide resistant respiration differs in plants as oxi­dation of reduced coenzyme continues even in the presence of cyanides.

Explanation:

The mitochondrial is the electrons through which the animals and plants perform the aerobic exercise and is blocked by the release of the cyanides that stops the activity and is known as cyanide sensitive respiration Plant mitochondria is different from the animal as they both have different oxidase system pathways. Cyanide resistant is responsible for the climacteric in fruits and for the generate heat in thermogenic tissues.

1.

behavior is inherited and



2. When a deer hears a sound in the forest, such a

then bolts through the bushes. This is an examp

3. Mating rituals or displays can be very complex

4. When animals fight and one wins and one subm

This means that one animal (the winn

behavior is used to intimidate other an

baring teeth or growling.

Answers

Answer:

Behavior is inherited in many animals which helps them to survive.

Explanation:

When animals fight with one another and one wins. This means that one animal (the winner) behavior is used to intimidate other. Two deer fight each other in order to show dominance over each other and to impress the female deer. The winner deer will be the leader and also mate with the females of the group. This is a type of behavior which is inherited in animals through genetics is called instincts.

A microbiologist would like to use a noncompetent genus of streptococcal bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, as a cloning host to express genes from Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is naturally competent. Is this possible? Group of answer choices

Answers

Answer:

Yes, with the assistance of electroporation the bacteria Enterococcus can be made competent, and afterward, the Streptococcus bacterial genes can be presented within the Enterococcus with the help of a cloning vector.  

The electropermeabilization or electroporation refers to a microbiology technique in which the permeability of the cell membrane is enhanced with the application of the electric field. This permits drugs, chemicals, or DNA to get presented within the cell.  

The procedure of electroporation is generally used in the field of microbiology to transform yeast, bacteria, or protoplasts of plants by presenting novel coding DNA.  

If the scientist had collected 20 dung samples, would you expect more bands, fewer bands, or the same number of bands on the gel?

Answers

Answer:

The expectations of the bands will be more on the gels.

Explanation:

One sample provides several sizes and thickness bands in the gel electrophoresis according to the size of fragments that run in it. An individual would expect more bands due to the increase in the number of samples which is 20 samples now.

An increase in the number of samples produces more bands. So one can easily expect more bands from the 20 samples. Scientists would get more bands on the gels.

Thus, the expectations of the bands will be more on the gels.

If the scientist collects 20 dung samples ; we should expect more band on the gel

Given that each dung sample has varying sizes and varying thickness of bands in the gel electrophoresis which depends on the size of fragments contained in it. Therefore when a number of dung samples ( 20 ) are collected  it is only logical that the number of bands on the gel will increase ( i.e. you should expect more band on the gel ).

Hence we can conclude that If the scientist collects 20 dung samples we should expect more band on the gel .

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Although your question lacks some data a general answer within the scope of your question is provided

What best describes the behavior of nonconservative elements in seawater?

Answers

The given question is incomplete due to missing options, however, the options for the question as follows:

A. Nonconservative elements are reactive in seawater and have a long residence time.

B. Nonconservative elements are reactive in seawater and have a short residence time.

C. Nonconservative elements are non-reactive in seawater and have a short residence time.

D. Nonconservative elements are non-reactive in seawater and have a long residence time.

Answer:

The correct answer is option C.

Explanation:

Non conservative components are components that enter the ocean water and have little concentration in the sea and show spatial variations. These components have short home time that is short replacements time and they are non responsive.

Constituents, for example, phosphate, nitrate, and different supplements, and broke up oxygen, carbon dioxide, and so on are non-conservative on the grounds that their concentrations are later altered by chemical reactions in the ocean.

Thus, The correct answer is option C.

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A significance test was performed for the following hypotheses and resulted in a p-value of 0.3822: H0: Salvage rates are the same for Remedy A and B Ha: Remedy B has a greater salvage rate Part A: Interpret the p-value in terms of the context. Part B: Using a significance level of = 0.05, what can you conclude from the context of this study? To get from North to East, you walk 12 meters south and 16 meters east, as shownin the diagram below. If you wanted to walk straight from North to East, what wouldthe distance be? Solve for x A simple pendulum of length 1.62 m has a mass of 117 g attached. It is drawn back 38.0 degrees and then released. What is the maximum speed of the mass Richie wants to enlarge the square deck in his backyard. The area of the enlarged deck, A(x), can be modeled by the following function, where x is a side length in feet of the original square deck. What is the minimum potential area of the enlarged deck? 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