Researchers grew populations of identical Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria in a growth medium that contained a low concentration of glucose and a high concentration of citrate, a substance that is not typically consumed by E. coli. For thousands of generations, the bacteria used only glucose as an energy source and grew relatively slowly and to a low density because of the low concentration of glucose. After about 30,000 generations, one population emerged that began to rapidly grow to a much higher density. The researchers hypothesized that the bacteria evolved the ability to use citrate as an energy source and referred to them as Cit . To test the hypothesis, the researchers grew separate populations of the Cit bacteria and bacteria from the original population (Cit- ) in a growth medium that contained only citrate. Describe one outcome that would demonstrate that a given population has evolved.
Answer:
The colony of bacteria is called cit positive, or cit in case these advance with colonization in media with citrate, since if they grow in number and proliferate, it means that they use citrate as a metabolite or food resource for their metabolism.
Explanation:
In case these are negative cit, the profileration would have to be null or see that the colony stagnant its growth, that is to say that they did not increase in number or even decrease their number layers and they did not replicate in media with citrate.
The colony of bacteria is named cit positive, or cit just in case these advance with colonization in media with citrate.
Since if they grow in number and proliferate, it means they use citrate as a metabolite or food resource for metabolism.
In case these are negative cit, the proliferation would have to be null or see that the colony stagnant its growth, that is to say, that they did not increase in number or maybe decrease their number layers and that they didn't replicate in media with citrate.
What about E.coli?
E. coli, a species of bacteria that lives harmlessly in every person’s gut by the billions. A typical E. coli contains about 4,000 genes (we have about 20,000). Feeding on sugar, the microbe grows till it's able to split in two.
It makes two copies of its genome, nearly always managing to supply perfect copies of the first. The single microbe splits in two, and every new E. coli receives one of the identical genomes. These two bacteria are, in other words, clones.
Therefore, E.coli grows in presence of citrate that evolved in the population of 30,000 generations.
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How does Nitrogen get from the atmosphere to the soil?
Answer:
Plants get their nitrogen indirectly from the air via microorganisms in the soil and in certain plant roots.
Answer:
Microorganisms and certain plant roots in the soil
Explanation:
"Plants get the nitrogen that they need from the soil, where it's already been fixed by bacteria and archaea. Bacteria and archaea in the soil and in the roots of some plants have the ability to convert molecular nitrogen from the air (N2) to ammonia (NH3)... Such organisms are called "diazotrophs". From here, various microorganisms convert ammonia to other nitrogen compounds that are easier for plants to use. In this way, plants get their nitrogen indirectly from the air via microorganisms in the soil and in certain plant roots."
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What is the bond created between the negative and positive ends of the water molecules
Answer:
The slight positive charges on the hydrogen atoms in a water molecule attract the slight negative charges on the oxygen atoms of other water molecules. This tiny force of attraction is called a hydrogen bond. This bond is very weak.
Explanation:
please answer my question
why it is important to reduce friction in moveable joints
Answer:
Smooth cartilage prevents friction as the bones move against one another. in freely moveable joints, the entire joint is enclosed inside a membrane filled with lubricating synovial fluid, which helps to provide extra cushioning against impact.
Which of the following is an example of a lipid?
phospholipid.
triglyceride
fats and oils.
all of these
Answer:
phospholipid
Explanation:
Phospholipids, triglycerides, fats, and oils are examples of a lipid. Therefore, option D is correct.
What are lipids?Fatty, waxy, or oily molecules are referred to as lipids. They are soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in polar solvents like water. Steroids, phospholipids, oils, and waxes are examples of lipids. They are usually referred to as fats and oils.
Since lipids may be broken down to provide significant amounts of energy, one of their primary biological purposes is the storage of energy. The structural elements of cell membranes and a number of the body's messengers and signaling molecules are also formed by lipids.
Cell membranes, cholesterol, blood cells, and the brain are just a few places where they can be found in the human body.
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(Q005) Humans are unusual because our cultural practices can actually change our environmental circumstances. We can change the environment in which natural selection acts on our traits. Describe how this process has played out in the evolution of adult lactose tolerance. Describe how this process has played out in the maintenance of the sickle-cell trait. Can you hypothesize any similar situations where our future evolution may be influenced by cultural practices we have today?
Answer:
sickle cell disease or sickle cell disease is about the inheritance of metaplastic cells or cells that do not respect normal cell morphology from the mother or father to a child.
This is not associated with cultures, instead lactose tolerance is.
Explanation:
Lactose tolerance is basically an adaptation of the body in those humans who continue to drink milk throughout their lives, once the growth stage is over, milk should be suspended, although some continue to consume it and lactase continues to be encoded and expressed.
Some people for cultural reasons or environmentalist lifestyles do not drink animal milk, but rather vegetable milk.
Why do you think it is winter in the southern hemisphere while it is summer in the northern hemisphere?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
just to be nice could you mark this as brainleist please?
Happy Holidays!
Why am I smart in some subjects but not others?
Answer:
it goes with your interest
Answer:
The subject you are smart in is the subject you are more interested in but you also would like all subjects and progress great in them you just have to find the right learning space or techniques
Explanation:
In meiosis when the cells divide again, what happens to the number of chromosomes?
How can acids be neutralized? What can form?
Plzzzzz help I’ll mark brainliest
Answer:
Im pretty sure its B
Explanation:
Ecology.
The definition of ecology is: the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
This means that it is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment.
Not sure if it's right? Let's take a look at the other answers.
Definition of biosphere: the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
Definition of biotic: relating to or resulting from living things, especially in their ecological relations.
Definition of biome: a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, e.g. forest or tundra.
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Help me guys!! (Giving brainliest)
Answer: C
Explanation:
C because the cell membrane is semi permeable which means only certain substances can enter and exit.
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction. Which of the following is an disadvantage for asexual reproduction?
identify and describe one natural and one man made source of carbon in the carbon cycle?
What molecule, when linked
with others, creates a single link
in the DNA chain?
Answer:Figure 4: Double-stranded DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains whose nitrogenous bases are connected by hydrogen bonds.
Explanation::))))))))))))))))))))))
Which purpose does a cell membrane play in eukaryotic cells?
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles. In this way, it is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules.
An aqueous solution of compound x has a ph of 12. which of the following is a possible identity of compound x?
Answer:KOH
Explanation:An aqueous solution of compound X has a pH of 12. Which of the following is a possible identity of compound X?
Which type of rock does B represent?
Group of answer choices
A peptide has the sequence of Gly-Ser-Glu-Leu-Ala-His-Gly-Arg-Leu-Ala-PheCys-Leu. (pKR=4.25, 6.0, 8.2, 12.5. Assume pKa’s of amino terminus and carboxyl terminus are 9.6 and 2.3, respectively.) The PI of the peptide is close to:_______
a. 7.1
b. 7.8
c. 5.1
d. 8.2
e. 10.3
Answer:
The correct answer is option a. "7.1".
Explanation:
One easy way to determine if a peptide sequence is acidic, basic or neutral is to check for the number of amino acid residues that are acidic, basic or neutral. In this case, most amino acid residues are neutral, which mean that under neutral conditions they have a pKa close to 7.0. Particularly, the content of 3 leucine, 2 alanine and 2 glycine residues determines that the peptide have a pI of around 7.1.
Which types of rocks can become metamorphic rock?
both igneous and metamorphic rock
clastic sedimentary rock
both igneous and sedimentary rock
clastic or chemical sedimentary rock
Answer:
both igneous and metamorphic rock I believe
Explanation:
I I learned this in fourth grade I'm not sure if I'm correct if I remember correctly then it's these two sorry if it's wrong also tell me if it's wrong I'll try to tell you the right answer if it is wrong okay
Answer:
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic all can
Explanation:
1. Does a scientific theory ever become a law? Explain
the difference between scientific theory and law.
Answer:
a theory cannot become a law
Explanation:
the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law because a theory is an in depth explanation of an observed phenomenon. a law is a statement about an observed phenomenon or an unifying concept (i.e.: newtons law or gravity - no explanation on how it works or what it is just that it exists.)
Using academic language, explain why we always see the same face of the Moon.
GIVING BRANLIEST HELP ME PLEASE!!!
Answer:
B I think, Good luck
Explanation:
Answer:
A: The ability to maintain homeostasis
Explanation:
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7. Chemical or physical factor that determines the number
of organisms in a population
Answer:INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION
Explanation:
The physical factor that determines the number of organisms in a population is ; Interspecific competition
Interspecific competition in a population is a competition that exists between organisms of different species, while the competition that occurs within organisms of the same specie is termed intraspecific competition.
During Interspecific competition the different species compete for food, water and Habitat which every organism needs to survive, and in most cases the stronger specie overruns the weaker species and this will lead to the depletion in the number of the organisms of the weaker specie and an increase in the number of the stronger specie within the population.
Hence we can conclude that The physical factor that determines the number of organisms in a population is ; Interspecific competition .
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what do the nucleus cell, mitohondira cell, cell wall, chloroplast cell, cyptoplasm cell, and cell mabrane do?
Answer:
nucleus- this is where all genetic information is stored.
mitochondria- where respiration occurs
cell wall- gives the cell structure and prevents it from bursting
chloroplast- contain chlorophyll which stores energy from the sun for photosynthesis
cytoplasm- where chemical reactions occur
cell membrane- controls what comes in and out of the cell.
mitochondria: where respiration occurs
cell wall: gives the cell structure and prevents it from bursting
chloroplast: contain chlorophyll which stores energy from the sun for photosynthesis
cytoplasm: where chemical reactions occur
cell membrane: controls what comes in and out of the cell.
True or false consumption efficiency in Huckleberry patches is high like in a forest ecosystem
Answer:
True
Explanation:
In science, which of the following best describes the scientific term
theory? *
A) An educated guess
B) An idea with lots of evidence to support it
C) possible idea that needs more evidence to be real science
D) An undisputed law that will not change.
PLEASE ANSWER!!!!!!!
Answer:
here's your answer
Explanation:
b) an idea with lots of evidence to support it .
In science, the word theory refers to a comprehensive explanation of an important feature of nature that is supported by many facts gathered over time. Theories also allow scientists to make predictions about as yet unobserved phenomena.
help me please !!!!!!
we find ATP
like glucose and other organic compounds
Can you think of any structures in the human body that may have once had a job but are no longer necessary?
Answer:
I bealive Vestigial organs or appendix no longer have pourpose.
Explanation:
35 points please help science biology
Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyte. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment; euglena usually live in quiet ponds or puddles.
Euglena move by a flagellum (plural ‚ flagella), which is a long whip-like structure that acts like a little motor. The flagellum is located on the anterior (front) end, and twirls in such a way as to pull the cell through the water. It is attached at an inward pocket called the reservoir. Color the reservoir grey and the flagellum black.
The Euglena is unique in that it is both heterotrophic (must consume food) and autotrophic (can make its own food). Chloroplasts within the euglena trap sunlight that is used for photosynthesis, and can be seen as several rod like structures throughout the cell. Color the chloroplasts green. Euglena also have an eyespot at the anterior end that detects light, it can be seen near the reservoir. This helps the euglena find bright areas to gather sunlight to make their food. Color the eyespot red.Euglena can also gain nutrients by absorbing them across their cell membrane, hence they become heterotrophic when light is not available, and they cannot photosynthesize.
The euglena has a stiff pellicle outside the cell membrane that helps it keep its shape, though the pellicle is somewhat flexible and some euglena can be observed scrunching up and moving in an inchworm type fashion. Color the pellicle blue.
In the center of the cell is the nucleus, which contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell's activities. The nucleolus can be seen within the nucleus. Color the nucleus purple, and the nucleolus pink.
The interior of the cell contains a jelly-like fluid substance called cytoplasm. Color the cytoplasm light yellow. Toward the posterior of the cell is a star-like structure: the contractile vacuole. This organelle helps the cell remove excess water, and without it the euglena could take in some much water due to osmosis that the cell would explode. Color the contractile vacuole orange.