The density of a pure substance is its mass per unit volume. The density of cresol has been measured to be 1024 g/L . Calculate the mass of 405mL of cresol.

Answer:

HCl is limiting reactant

Theoretical yield: 23.8g Cl₂

Actual yield: 17.6g C₂

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

4HCl(aq)+MnO2(s)⟶MnCl2(aq)+2H2O(l)+Cl2(g)

4 moles of HCl reacts per mole of MnO₂ to produce 1 mole of MnCl₂ and Cl₂ and 2 moles of water.

To find the limiting reactant you must know the moles of each reactant and knowing that 4 moles of HCl reacts per mole of MnO₂ you can sikve this problem, thus:

Moles HCl (Molar mass: 36.46g/mol): 48.9g ₓ (1mol / 36.46g/mol) =

1.341 moles HCl

Moles MnO₂ (Molar mass: 86.937g/mol): 36.9g ₓ (1mol / 86.937g) =

0.424 moles MnO₂

For a complete reaction of 0.424 moles of MnO₂ you require:

0.424moles MnO₂ ₓ (4 moles HCl / 1 mole MnO₂) = 1.696 moles of HCl.

As you have just 1.341 moles of HCl. HCl is limiting reactant.

Theoretical yield means, in the reaction, that 4 moles of HCl will produce 1 mole of Cl₂. As moles of HCl are 1.341:

1.341 moles HCl ₓ (1 mole Cl₂ / 4 moles HCl) = 0.33525 moles Cl₂

In grams (Molar mass Cl₂: 70.9g/mol):

Theoretical yield: 0.33525 moles Cl₂ ₓ (70.9g / mol) = 23.8g Cl₂

As yield of reaction is 74.7%, the real mass of Cl₂ you obtain (Actual yield) is:

23.8g Cl₂ ₓ 74% = 17.6g C₂

Answer:

the answer to this question is C

The electron configuration of the iodide ion is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰5s²5p⁶. The correct option is option C.

The arrangement of an atom's or molecule's electrons in their respective atomic or molecular orbitals is known as its electron configuration; for instance, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6.

According to electronic configurations, electrons move individually within each orbital while interacting with the average field produced by all other orbitals. The corrosion potential and reactivity of an atom may be calculated from its electron configuration. The electron configuration of the iodide ion is  1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰5s²5p⁶.

Therefore, the correct option is option C.

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The question is incomplete as the options are missing, however, the correct complete question is attached.

Answer:

The correct answer is option A. ( check image)

Explanation:

The most stable contributor to the intermediate arenium ion produced by electrophilic bromination of methoxybenzene in given options is option a due to the fact that this resonating form follows the octet rule is satisfied for all atoms and additional π bond is present in between C-O that makes it more stable, while in other options there are positive charge which means they do not follows octet rule completely.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. ( check image)

Answer:

- N2 does not exist as a liquid at pressures below 0.127 atm.

- N2 is a solid at 16.7 atm and 56.5 K.

- N2 is a liquid at 1.00 atm and 73.9 K

- N2 is a gas at 0.127 atm and 84.0 K.

Explanation:

Hello,

At first, we organize the information:

- Normal melting point: 63.2 K.

- Normal boiling point: 77.4 K.

- Triple point: 0.127 atm and 63.1 K.

- Critical point: 33.5 atm and 126.0 K.

In such a way:

- N2 does not exist as a liquid at pressures below 0.127 atm: that is because below this point, solid N2 exists only (triple point).

- N2 is a solid at 16.7 atm and 56.5 K: that is because it is above the triple point, below the critical point and below the normal melting point.

- N2 is a liquid at 1.00 atm and 73.9 K: that is because it is above the triple point, below the critical point and below the normal boiling point.

- N2 is a gas at 0.127 atm and 84.0 K: that is because it is above the triple point temperature at the triple point pressure.

Best regards.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

In this case, we have to check the neighbors of each carbon in the molecule. In propane, we have two types of carbons (see figure 1) (blue and red ones). The red carbons are equivalent. (Both have the same neighbors). Now, we can analyze each carbon:

Blue carbon

In the blue carbon, we have 6 hydrogens neighbors (three on each methyl). If we follow the n+1 rule, we will have:

6+1= 7

For the blue carbon, we will have a Septet.

Red carbons

In the red carbon, we have only 2 neighbors (the carbon in the middle only have 2 hydrogens). If we follow the n+1 rule, we will have:

2+1=3

For the red carbon, we will have a triplet.

See figure 2

I hope it helps!

Answer:

(2) Mg²⁺ loses 2 electrons.

Explanation:

Let's consider the following half-reaction.

Mg ⇒ Mg²⁺ + 2 e⁻

Magnesium is a metal that loses 2 electrons to fulfill the octet rule. When magnesium loses electrons, the oxidation number increases from 0 to +2. This kind of half-reaction is known as oxidation, and has to be accompanied by a reduction of another species.

Answer:

i think option a is correct answer because when there is low temperature then the kinetic enegry will be very less and the atoms moves very slowly.

Answer:

A. very, very slowly

Explanation:

A is the answer because atoms will move faster in hot gas than in cold gas.

Answer:

1.076 mol (corrected to 2 d.p.)

Explanation:

Take the atomic mass of Ga be 69.7.

since no. of moles = mass/ molar mass,

no. of moles of Ga used = 100.0 / 69.7

= 1.43472023 mol

From the balanced equation, the mole ratio of Ga:S2 = 4:3, which means every 4 moles of  Ga can react completely with 3 moles of S2.

So, let the no. of moles of Sulphur required be y.

[tex]\frac{4}{3} =\frac{ 1.43472023}{y}[/tex]

4 y =  1.43472023 x 3

y = 1.076 mol (corrected to 2 d.p.)

Answer:

41.3kJ of heat is absorbed

Explanation:

Based in the reaction:

Fe₃O₄(s) + 4H₂(g) → 3Fe(s) + 4H₂O(g) ΔH = 151kJ

1 mole of Fe3O4 reacts with 4 moles of H₂, 151kJ are absorbed.

63.4g of Fe₃O₄ (Molar mass: 231.533g/mol) are:

63.4g Fe₃O₄ × (1mol / 231.533g) = 0.274moles of Fe₃O₄

These are the moles of Fe₃O₄ that react. As 1 mole of Fe₃O₄ in reaction absorb 151kJ, 0.274moles absorb:

0.274moles of Fe₃O₄ × (151kJ / 1 mole Fe₃O₄) =

Answer and Explanation:

The buffer solution is composed by sodium acetate (CH₃COONa) and acetic acid (CH₃COOH). Thus, CH₃COOH is the weak acid and CH₃COO⁻ is the conjugate base, derived from the salt CH₃COONa.

If we add a strong base, such as barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)₂, the base will dissociate completely to give OH⁻ ions, as follows:

Ba(OH)₂ ⇒ Ba²⁺ + 2 OH⁻

The OH⁻ ions will react with the acid (CH₃COOH) to form the conjugate base CH₃COO⁻.

Initial number of moles of CH₃COOH = 0.40 mol/L x 1 L = 0.40 mol

Initial number of moles of CHCOO⁻= 0.31 mol/L x 1 L = 0.31 mol

moles of OH- added: 2 OH-/mol x 0.100 mol/L x 1 L = 0.200 OH-

According to this, the following are the answers to the sentences:

a. The number of moles of CH₃COOH will remain the same ⇒ FALSE

The number of moles of CH₃COOH will decrease, because they will react with OH⁻ ions

b. The number of moles of CH₃COO⁻ will increase ⇒ TRUE

Moles of CH₃COO⁻ will be formed from the reaction of the acid (CH₃COOH) with the base (OH⁻ ions)

c. The equilibrium concentration of H₃O⁺ will decrease ⇒ FALSE

The equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ is increased

d. The pH will decrease⇒ FALSE

pKa for acetic acid is 4.75. We add the moles of base to the acid concentration and we remove the same number of moles from the conjugate base in the Henderson-Hasselbach equation to calculate pH:

[tex]pH= pKa + log \frac{[conjugate base + base]}{[acid - base]}[/tex]

pH = 4.75 + log (0.31 mol + 0.20 mol)/(0.40 mol - 0.20 mol) = 5.15

Thus, the pH will increase.

Answer:

1. stability factor

2. steric hindrance factor

Explanation:

stability of ethane is lesser to that of two tert-butyl, so ethane will be more reactive and faster.

ethane is less hindered and more reactive, while two tert-butyl is more hindered and less reactive

Answer:

It depends on the weather.

Explanation:

Like rain and hail, snow comes from the water vapor that forms the clouds, but obviously its formation is different: snow forms when the temperature is low in the atmosphere. In these conditions the water vapor drops freeze and when they collide form tiny crystals that join together to form snowflakes, which fall to Earth when they are heavy enough.

Answer:

[tex]49.45~%[/tex]

Explanation:

In this case, we have to start with the chemical reaction:

[tex]C_6H_1_2O~->~C_6H_1_0~+~H_2O[/tex]

So, if we start with 10 mol of cyclohexanol ([tex]C_6H_1_2O[/tex]) we will obtain 10 mol of cyclohexanol ([tex]C_6H_1_0[/tex]). So, we can calculate the grams of cyclohexanol if we calculate the molar mass:

[tex](6*12)+(10*1)=82~g/mol[/tex]

With this value we can calculate the grams:

[tex]10~mol~C_6H_1_0\frac{82~g~C_6H_1_0}{1~mol~C_6H_1_0}=820~g~C_6H_1_0[/tex]

Now, we have as a product 500 mL of [tex]C_6H_1_0[/tex]. If we use the density value (0.811 g/mL). We can calculate the grams of product:

[tex]500~mL\frac{0.811~g}{1~mL}=405.5~g[/tex]

Finally, with these values we can calculate the yield:

[tex]%~=~\frac{405.5}{820}x100~=~49.45%[/tex]%= (405.5/820)*100 = 49.45 %

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Based on the data given, the percentage yield of the student's work is 49.45 %.

The equation of the clay-catalyzed dehydration of cyclohexanol is given below:

From the equation of the reaction, 1 mole of cyclohexanol yields 1 mole of cyclohexene.

Therefore 10 moles of cyclohexanol should yield 10 moles of cyclohexene.

First we determine the mass of cyclohexene obtained.

Mass = density * volume

volume of cyclohexene = 500 mL

density = 0.811 g/mL

mass of cyclohexene = 500 * 0.811

mass of cyclohexene = 405.5 g

Number of moles of cyclohexene = mass/molar mass

molar mass of cyclohexene = 82 g

moles of cyclohexene = 405.5 g/82

moles of cyclohexene = 4.945 moles

Percentage yield = 4.945/10 * 100%

Percentage yield = 49.45%

Therefore, the percentage yield of the student's work is 49.45 %.

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Answer:

molarity of the solution = 0.548 mol/L

Note: Additional information about the question is given as follows;

One brand of laundry bleach is an aqueous solution containing 4.00% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) by mass

What is the molarity of this solution? (Assume a density of 1.02 g/mL .)

Explanation:

A 4.00 percentage by mass composition of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution means that 100 g of the solution contains 4.00 g NaOCl.

Thus, a 1000 g of the solution contains 40.0 g NaOCl

Density of solution = 1.02 g/mL

Therefore, the volume occupied by 1000 g solution = mass/density

volume of 1000 g solution = 1000 g/1.02 g/ml = 980.4 mL

Molar mass of NaOCl = 74.5 g/mol

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles of NaOCl = 40.0 g/74.5 g/mol

Number of moles of NaOCl  = 0.537 mole

Therefore, molarity = number of moles / volume(L)

volume of solution in litres = 980.4/1000 = 0.9804 L

Molarity = 0.537/0.9804 = 0.548 mol/L

Therefore, molarity of the solution = 0.548 mol/L

Answer:

8 mol

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Moles of copper (II) sulfate: 2 mol

Chemical formula of copper (II) sulfate: CuSO₄

Step 2: Establish the molar ratio of copper (II) sulfate to oxygen

According to the chemical formula, the molar ratio of copper (II) sulfate to oxygen is 1:4.

Step 3: Calculate the moles of O in 2 mol of CuSO₄

[tex]2molCuSO_4 \times \frac{4molO}{1molCuSO_4} = 8molO[/tex]

Answer:

0.0031 moles

Explanation:[tex]Molarity=\frac{molSolute}{LitreSolution}\\ 0.0125M=\frac{molRNA}{0.25L} \\molRNA=0.0125*0.25=0.0031 mol[/tex]

Answer:

The molar mass of the unknown gas is [tex]\mathbf{ 51.865 \ g/mol}[/tex]

Explanation:

Let assume that  the gas is  O2 gas

O2 gas is to effuse through a porous barrier in time t₁ = 4.98 minutes.

Under the same conditions;

the same number of moles of an unknown gas requires  time t₂  =  6.34 minutes to effuse through the same barrier.

From Graham's Law of Diffusion;

Graham's Law of Diffusion states that, at a constant temperature and pressure; the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density.

i.e

[tex]R \ \alpha \ \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{d}}[/tex]

[tex]R = \dfrac{k}{d}[/tex]  where K = constant

If we compare the rate o diffusion of two gases;

[tex]\dfrac{R_1}{R_2}= {\sqrt{\dfrac{d_2}{d_1}}[/tex]

Since the density of a gas d is proportional to its relative molecular mass M. Then;

[tex]\dfrac{R_1}{R_2}= {\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{M_1}}[/tex]

Rate is the reciprocal of time ; i.e

[tex]R = \dfrac{1}{t}[/tex]

Thus; replacing the value of R into the above previous equation;we have:

[tex]\dfrac{R_1}{R_2}={\dfrac{t_2}{t_1}}[/tex]

We can equally say:

[tex]{\dfrac{t_2}{t_1}}= {\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{M_1}}[/tex]

[tex]{\dfrac{6.34}{4.98}}= {\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{32}}[/tex]

[tex]M_2 = 32 \times ( \dfrac{6.34}{4.98})^2[/tex]

[tex]M_2 = 32 \times ( 1.273092369)^2[/tex]

[tex]M_2 = 32 \times 1.62076418[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{M_2 = 51.865 \ g/mol}[/tex]

Answer: molar ratio: 0.58

Explanation:

This is a buffer problem. We would use the equation [tex]pH=pKa+log(\frac{base}{acid} )[/tex]. Since we were given Ka and pH, we can find the ratio.

pKa=-log(Ka)

pKa=-log(1.8×10⁻⁵)

pKa=4.74

Now that we have pKa, we can plug in our values and find the molar ratio. Instead of writing base/acid, let's use x.

4.5=4.74+log(x)

-0.24=log(x)

10⁻⁰⁻²⁴=x

x=0.58

Answer:

CH3CH2CH2COOH<CH2(F)CH2CH2COOH<CH3CH(F)CH2COOH<CH2(F)CH(F)CH2COOH

Explanation:

We know that the presence of highly electronegative elements in carboxylic acid molecules lead to -I inductive effect. This implies that electrons are withdrawn along the chain towards the electronegative element. As electrons are withdrawn towards the electronegative element, the electron cloud of the carbonyl- hydrogen bond in the acid weakens and the hydrogen can now be easily lost as a proton, that is , the molecule becomes more acidic.

The -I inductive effect increases with increase in the number of electronegative elements present in the molecule and the proximity of the electronegative element to the carbonyl group. The closer the electronegative element is to the carbonyl group, the greater the acidity of the molecule since the -I inductive effect dies out with increasing distance from the carbonyl group. Also, the more the number of electronegative elements in the molecule, the greater the - I inductive effect and the greater the acidity of the molecule, hence the answer.

Answer:

Formula for effective nuclear charge is as follows. So, for He atom value of S = 0.30 because the electrons are present in 1s orbital. Therefore, calculate the effective nuclear charge for helium as follows. Thus, we can conclude that the effective nuclear charge for helium is 1.7

Explanation:

The effective nuclear charge experienced by a 1s electron in helium is +1.70.

Answer:

+2

Explanation:

Because the charge of the chloride ion is negative, that means that the charge of the magnesium ion must be positive since cations and anions go together, not cation and cation nor anion and anion. Using the "reverse criss-cross method", since the subscript of Mg is 1, that means that this is the lowest whole number ratio so we don't need to worry about simplifying. Therefore, since the charge of Cl is 2, the answer is +2.

Answer:

Due to an electron-pair acceptor and donor.

Explanations:

Lewis acid can be defined as an electron-pair acceptor. An example is Hydrogen ion(H+). This is because it is a proton and it distributes positive charge which means that it accepts electrons(negative charge).

Lewis base can be defined as an electron-pair donor. This is because it donates electrons to be accepted by the proton. An example is ammonia(NH3).

Answer:

D.They have properties similar to those of their component elements.

Explanation:

When elements are joined, the atoms lose their individual properties and have different properties from the elements they are made of .

Answer:

[tex]P_2=1.1x10^6Pa[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, we can solve this problem by applying the Boyle's law which allows us to understand the pressure-volume behavior as a directly proportional relationship:

[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]

In such away, knowing the both the initial pressure and volume and the final volume, we can compute the final pressure as shown below:

[tex]P_2=\frac{P_1V_1}{V_2}[/tex]

Consider that the given initial pressure is also equal to Pa:

[tex]P_2=\frac{1.00x10^5Pa*11.00m^3}{1.00m^3}\\ \\P_2=1.1x10^6Pa[/tex]

Which stands for a pressure increase when volume decreases.

Regards.

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Answer:

It's harder to melt sodium chloride because of its density and stability.

Explanation:

The bond between Na+ and Cl- is an ionic bond, meaning its an ionic compound. Ionic compounds have more inter molecular forces(forces involving multiple molecules). Chlorine has much less of these forces than NaCl and isn't as dense.

Answer:

It's harder to melt sodium chloride because of its density

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is 8.4 %

Explanation:

The mass percent of a compound in a solution is calculated as follows:

mass percent = mass of solute/mass of solution x 100

The solute is vitamin C, so its mass is:

mass of solute = 5.20 g

The solvent is water, and its mass is 55.0 g. The mass of the solution is given by the sum of solute + solvent:

mass of solution= 5.20 g + 55.0 g = 60.2 g

Finally we calculate the mass percent:

mass percent = 5.20 g/60.2 g x 100 = 8.64%

Answer:

using ideal gas equation =12.4576atm to 4.significant figure

using vander Waals equation = 12.3504

The differences is 0.10atm

Answer:

1- there are 16 hydrogen atoms. ( heptane  C7H16)

2- The compound is octane (C8H18)

explanation

to determine any atom in an alkane, this formula is used Cn H 2n +2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

to find the compound in Q2 we'll apply the numbers:

C nH₂n+2

Answer:

[PCl₅] = 0.5646M

[PCl₃] = 0.1174M

[Cl₂] = 0.1174M

Explanation:

In the reaction:

PCl₅(g) ⇄ PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g)

K equilibrium is defined as:

K = 2.44x10⁻² = [PCl₃] [Cl₂] / [PCl₅]

The initial moles of each compound when volume is 15.3L are:

PCl₅ = 0.300mol/L×15.3L = 4.59mol

Cl₂ = 8.55x10⁻²mol/L×15.3L = 1.308mol

PCl₃ = 8.55x10⁻²mol/L×15.3L = 1.308mol

At 8.64L, the new concentrations are:

[PCl₅] = 4.59mol / 8.64L = 0.531M

[PCl₃] = 1.308mol / 8.64L = 0.151M

[Cl₂] = 1.308mol / 8.64L = 0.151M

At these conditions, reaction quotient, Q, is:

Q = [0.151M] [0.151M] / [0.531M]

Q = 4.29x10⁻²

As Q > K, the reaction will shift to the left producing more reactant, that means equilibrium concentrations are:

[PCl₅] = 0.531M + X

[PCl₃] = 0.151M - X

[Cl₂] = 0.151M - X

Where X is reaction coordinate.

Replacing in K expression:

2.44x10⁻² = [0.151M - X] [0.151M - X] / [0.531M + X]

1.296x10⁻² + 2.44x10⁻²X = 0.0228 - 0.302X + X²

0 = 9.84x10⁻³ - 0.3264X + X²

Solving for X:

X = 0.293 → False solution. Produce negative concentrations

X = 0.0336M → Right solution.

Replacing:

[PCl₅] = 0.531M + 0.0336

[PCl₃] = 0.151M - 0.0336

[Cl₂] = 0.151M - 0.0336