The idea of molecular clock genes has been studied for decades, but the hypothesis remains a controversial topic in evolutionary biology. Why do you think that is the case? What are three questions you still have about the use of molecular clocks?​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

I think thats the case because a lot of scientists have evidence to back it up but some scietntists have other evidence for it not to be true and its just a back and forth problem.

1. Why does It assum that all changes in amino acid sequence are random and are not affected by natural selection?

2. Why do they use these clocks when our fossil record only goes back 550 million years ago?

3.  What age range is appropriate for molecular clock dating analysis?

Explanation:

I don't know if this is right by this what I put. Have a good day!

Answer 2

The idea of a molecular clock gene remains a controversial topic because scientists have different opinions on genes mutations occurring at constant rates.

What are molecular clock genes?

Molecular clock genes are genes which are assumed used as molecular clocks to determine the age of living organisms.

The idea of a molecular clock gene remains a controversial topic because different scientists have different opinions on if a changes in DNA over time can actually be used to determine the age of organisms,

Three questions that can be asked is this:

are mutations in DNA really random at all times?do mutations really occur at a constant rate?do the same mutations occur in the same species to the same extent?

Therefore, until all scientists agree base on evidence, molecular clock genes remains a controversial topic.

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Related Questions

Opposite of cellular respiration

Answers

Answer:

On a simplified level, photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite reactions of each other. In photosynthesis, solar energy is harvested as chemical energy in a process that converts water and carbon dioxide to glucose. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Answer: Photosynthesis

Explanation: Cell respiration and photosynthesis are essentially opposite processes. Photosynthesis is the process by which organisms make high-energy compounds – the sugar glucose in particular – through the chemical "reduction" of carbon dioxide (CO2).

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

Chromosomes _____.

□ are tight coils of DNA
□ are carried on genes
□ always occur in pairs
□ can be analyzed in a karyotype
□ carry thousands of genes

Answers

Answer:

☑ are tight coils of DNA

☑ always occur in pairs

☑ carry thousands of genes

How is form used in classification?

Answers

Form classification is the classification of organisms based on their morphology, which does not necessarily reflect their biological relationships. Form classification, generally restricted to palaeontology, reflects uncertainty; the goal of science is to move "form taxa" to biological taxa whose affinity is known.

Which of the following is a product of the photosynthesis reaction? OA. carbon dioxide OB. glucose O C. lactose OD. fructose​

Answers

Answer:

Glucose

Explanation:

Glucose is the sugar found in plant leaves and is produced by photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide. Fructose is found in fruit while lactose is found in milk. Therefore, glucose is the only possible answer. Hope it helps :)

What has been the experience of cats and dogs in space? Explain several different situations in which cats and dogs were involved with space travel. its astronomy

Answers

Answer:

Animals in space originally served to test the survivability of spaceflight, before human spaceflights were attempted. Later, other animals were flown to investigate various biological processes and the effects microgravity and space flight might have on them. Bioastronautics is an area of bioengineering research which spans the study and support of life in space.

Explanation:

Example 1: Albert II became the first monkey in space on June 4, 1949. He reached an altitude of 83 miles (134 km), but died on impact when the parachute failed. A previous monkey, Albert I, died when the V-2 rocket failed before reaching peak altitude. Two other monkeys, Albert III and IV, also died when their rockets failed.

Example 2:A mouse launched on Aug. 15, 1950, attained an altitude of 85 miles (137 km), but died when the rocket disintegrated due to parachute failure. Several other mice were launched during the 1950s.

Example 3 (and the most important example): Laika became the first living being to orbit the Earth on Sputnik 2, Nov. 3, 1957. She died several hours into the flight from stress and heat.

describe the structure of an atom of argon-38 and argon-40

Answers

Answer:

Argon 38 has 18 proton and 20 neutron

Argon 40 has 18 proton and 22 neutron

Explanation:

isotope is same no of proton diff no of neutron

Both argon-38 and argon-40 have 18 protons but they have different atomic masses. The atomic mass of argon-38 is 38u while the atomic mass of argon-40 is 40u. Thus, they are isotopes.

What are isotopes? Some atoms contain the same number of protons (i.e. same atomic number) but they have a different number of neutrons (i.e. different mass numbers). These types of atoms are called isotopes.Argon element has three isotopes namely, argon-36, argon-38 and argon-40. All the three isotopes of argon have the same number of protons i.e. 18. But, all have different numbers of neutrons and thus, different mass numbers. Argon-36 has 18 neutrons, argon-38 has 20 neutrons and argon-40 has 22 neutrons. Thus, the mass numbers of argon-36, argon-38 and argon-40 are 36u, 38u and 40u respectively.

Thus, the structure of an atom of argon-38 and argon-40 is slightly different as they are isotopes. Argon 40 has more atomic mass than argon-38. But, both contain the same number of protons. They have similar chemical properties but different physical properties.

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10. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST DANGEROUS
EVENT THAT CAN HAPPEN AT A PLATE BOUNDARY? WHY?

Answers

Answer:

Movement in narrow zones along plate boundaries causes most earthquakes. Most seismic activity occurs at three types of plate boundaries—divergent, convergent, and transform. As the plates move past each other, they sometimes get caught and pressure builds up.

Explanation:

I hope it helps

have a nice day

#Captainpower

All cells contain DNA, which allows them to function and carry out tasks for 1 point
the living things.
*
True
False

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

what type of disorder does a monosomy have?

Answers

Nondisjunction. Monosomy would mean it's missing a chromosome.

I NEED SOME HELP...
What are ions
14 points if you answer this

Answers

Answer:

Ions are an atom or group of atoms that either has a positive or negative charge. An ion with a negative charge is called an anion and one with a positive charge is a cation.

Hope this helps :)

An ion is a particle, an atom or molecule. It is an atom that has a net electrical charge in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom a net positive or negative electrical charge.

9. The Sun provides Earth with both light and thermal energy. Which of
the following is an example of the Sun's thermal energy at work in the
water cycle?
a. Accumulation
b. Precipitation
C. Condensation
8
d. Evaporation

Answers

Answer: The answer is d!

Explanation:

I need please!!!!!!!!

Answers

Answer:

Sure i can help, what do u need help with tho?

Just tell me!!!!

:)

Whoever gets it right I will mark brainest
Please no links the sometimes don't work.
The climate of southeast Brazil is affected by a ____________ current
A. Warm
B. Cold.
C. Neutral

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The climate of Southeast Brazil is quite diverse in temperature. The climate in Brazil varies considerably from mostly tropical north to temperate zones south of the Tropic of Capricorn (23°26' S latitude).

Which of the following statement is NOT true about Eukaryotic
cells?
o They are bigger and more complex than prokaryotes.
o They have membrane bound Organelles
o They do not have a nucleus
o Their DNA forms chromosomes

Answers

Answer:

they do not have nucleus

Answer:

they do not have a nucleus

María and Sean both have brown eyes (a dominant trait), yet their first child has blue eyes (a recessive trait). Using "B" for brown and "r" for blue, fill out the punnett square below to show how that could happen. ​

Answers

Answer:

i put a ss of a punnett square i made:) i hope this helped !!

Explanation:

why do you keep using that link​

Answers

Explanation:

which link???????.....

Same read my comments on last answer u got

what do these polygons have in common

Answers

Explanation:

they all are congruent figures

Answer: A polygon is any shape made up of straight lines that can be drawn on a flat surface, like a piece of paper. Such shapes include squares, rectangles, triangles and pentagons but not circles or any other shape that includes a curve. Understanding shapes is important in mathematics.

Explanation:

All what I just wrote is all that on your assignment they have all that in common.

17. Which answer choice best describes a community?

Answers

Answer:

Different species of lizards occupying the same niche in a dessert

Explanation:

Multiple species in one habitat

Indicate whether each of the following occurs in the ER (E), Cytoplasm (C), Golgi apparatus (G), lysosome (L) or mitochondria (M). Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters E, C, G, L and Monly (e.g. ECEM, please do not use spaces). You may choose the same letter twice or not choose it at all. This is an all or none questions, no partial credit will be given.
(1) Addition of the first GlcNAc oligosaccharides to the asparagine residue of a protein
(2) Synthesis of phosphatidylcholine
(3) Degradation of misfolded ER protein
(4) O-linked glycosylation

Answers

Answer:

EELG

(1) Addition of the first GlcNAc oligosaccharides to the asparagine residue of a protein occurs in the Lumen of the Endopslamic Reticulum

(2) Synthesis of phosphatidylcholine occurs in the Endoplasmic Reticulum

(3) Degradation of misfolded ER protein ossurs in the Lysosome

(4) O-linked glycosylation occurs in the Golgiapparatus

Explanation:

1. The covalent attachment of a carbohydrate to a macromolecule such as proteins or lipids is known as glycosylation.

N-linked glycosylation is a very common form of glycosylation and it occurs in eukaryotes in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

The addition of the first GlcNAc oligosaccharides to the asparagine residue of a proteinmos an example of N-linked glycosylation.

2. Phosphatidylcholine is synthesized through the CDP-choline pathway which occurs at the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum. Choline entering the cell is immediately phosphorylated by choline kinase, converting choline to phosphocholine.

Phosphocholine is then converted to CDP-choline by the second enzyme in the pathway, CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT).

The phosphocholine moiety is then added to diacylglycerol in a reaction catalyzed by CDP-choline:1,2-diacylgylcerol cholinephosphotransferase to complete the synthesis of phosphocholine.

3. Lysosomes are the cell organelles which are responsible for the breakdown of proteins as well as other components of the cell. Misfolded proteins are identified and transported to lysosomes through chaperone-mediated autophagy, macroautophagy and endocytosis, where they are then degraded.

4. O-linked glycosylation is a form of glycosylation that occurs in eukaryotes in the Golgi apparatus.

Name two types of fluids
found
in female reproductive
Organs​

Answers

Answer:

A female's internal reproductive organs are the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The vagina is a muscular, hollow tube that extends from the vaginal opening to the uterus. Because it has muscular walls, the vagina can expand and contract.

Explanation:

Welcome!

Answer:

The oviduct and uterus provide the environments for the earliest stages of mammalian embryo development. However, little is known about the mechanisms that underlie the formation of oviduct and uterine fluids, or the extent to which the supply of nutrients via these reproductive tract tissues matches the nutrient requirements of early embryos. After reviewing our limited knowledge of these phenomena, a new experimental paradigm is proposed in which the epithelia lining the endosalpinx and endometrium are seen as the final components in a supply line that links maternal diet at one end and embryo uptake of nutrients at the other. When considered in this way, the oviduct and uterine epithelia become, for a few days, potentially the most critical maternal tissues in the establishment of a healthy pregnancy. In fulfilling this 'gatekeeper' role, female reproductive tract fluids have a key role in the 'developmental origins of health and disease' concept.

Explanation  i made it because it a weird question

2. The prefix homo- means the same." Explain how this meaning relates to the
definition of homologous chromosomes.

Answers

Answer:

It means that the chromosomes shown are the same. For example, WW, ww, SS, ss, GG, etc

Explanation:

Which of the following is made by male plant cells and is important for the reproduction of flowering plants?
A. ovule
B. photosynthesis
C. pollen
D. stigma

Answers

The answer is C pollen. When pollen joins with ovules made by the female part of the plant, fertilization happens.

plz help me asap!! find the claim
Which of these four solutions will dissolve the plastic wrapper fastest?
Water
Boiling water
Apple cider vinegar
Soda
Acetone

Answers

Answer:

Acetone

Explanation:

Answer: Acetone.

Explanation: Acetone molecules have a polar carbonyl group that allows them to ACCEPT hydrogen bonds from OTHER compounds. The slightly positive charge on each hydrogen can attract slightly negative oxygen atoms on other water molecules, forming hydrogen bonds. If acetone is added to water, acetone would completely dissolve.

Sections of mRNA that are kept and ultimately code for proteins are called:

Answers

Answer:

codon?

Explanation:

The correct answer is Extron

Which external stimulus are the ears of a coyote best able to detect?
O A. The motion of a mouse
B. The taste of a rabbit
C. The smell of a flower
D. The sound of a hawk

Answers

I’m pretty sure D is the right answer

Coyote is the canine species of North America, which is close member of wolf. The sound of the hawk are best detected by the ears of coyote.

What is stimulus?

The event generally evokes a functional reaction in the body.

It can be also defined as the factor that sufficiently evokes a behavioral response in the organism.

The external stimulus is the ears of a coyote best able to detect the sound of a hawk.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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In a paternity case there is a child with type O blood, and the mother has type A. The first potential Father has type A blood as well and the second potential Father has type B blood. Would blood type be enough to tell us which man is the father? *

Answers

Answer:

Blood type information is not enough to tell us which man is the father. We need to know the exact genotype of individuals to know which father gave the child a recessive allele.

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files

A genetic disorder is caused by a mutation on DNA.
A. True
B. False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Genetic disorders can be caused by a mutation in one gene(monogenic disorder) by mutations in multiple genes

I need this asap please

Answers

Answer:

The Third Conclusion.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Butterflies come in many different colors, but some butterflies incomplete dominance. Dark blue is incompletely dominant to white. If a dark and a light blue butterfly are crossed , what is the probability that an offspring will be white?

A. 0%
B. 100%
C. 25%
D. 50%

Please help me answer this question!

Answers

D ‍♀️maybe I don’t know for sure

The principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others
are recessive true or false?

Answers

Answer:

False, it says that all alleles are dominant :D

Explanation:

Other Questions
Erin is preparing a presentation about the need for bicycle helmets. Which use of multimedia would best help Erin connect to the emotions of her audience? A. a graph showing the number of people saved by bicycle helmets B. a slideshow featuring a variety of bicycle helmets in different styles C. world maps pointing out the countries where bicycle helmets are made D. video footage of a child who was saved by wearing a bicycle helmet Read the excerpt from act 1, scene 1, of The Tragedy of Julius Caesar and the background information on the allusion it contains.Excerpt:[FLAVIUS.] See whether their basest mettle be not moved.They vanish tongue-tied in their guiltiness.Go you down that way towards the Capitol;This way will I. Disrobe the imagesIf you do find them decked with ceremonies.MARULLUS. May we do so?You know it is the feast of Lupercal.FLAVIUS. It is no matter; let no imagesBe hung with Caesars trophies. Ill about,And drive away the vulgar from the streets:So do you too, where you perceive them thick.These growing feathers plucked from Caesars wingWill make him fly an ordinary pitch,Who else would soar above the view of men,And keep us all in servile fearfulness.Background information:In Rome, February 15 was Lupercalia, an annual festival celebrating the myth of the she-wolf that saved the lives of the infant twins Romulus and Remus. According to legend, the two boys became the founders of Rome. The festival is also said to have celebrated the god who protected flocks from hungry wolves.This excerpt revolves around acultural allusion.historical allusion.literary allusion.religious allusion What is the measure of DBE? did the doctor meet you When Graham earns $6 for every crate of oranges he picks.Lynn earns $5 per hour babysitting.How many crates of oranges does Graham need to pick to earn the same amountthat Lynn earns for 12 hours of babysitting?Enter your answer in the box. What is the wavelength associated with an electron with a velocity of 4.8X10s m/s? (Mass of the electron is 9.1X10-31kg)? Approximately, whatis the mean number of books between all thestudents, rounded to the nearest tenth? 5 - Numbers from 1 to 50 are written on a piece of paper and dropped into a box. A paper is chosen at randomWhat is the probability of getting a number less than 19? (whole percentage)% The coordinate grid shows the plot of four equations,7-6-54-342.-6 -5 -4 -3B Which set of equations has (1,4) as its solution? (4 points)A and DbB and DA and CdB and C Your friend Ibram graduates at the end of the semester, but has yet to make a decision on their major. Ibram wants to be a teacher and loves working with students, but he is torn because he knows that teachers are typically paid less than other careers. Alongside of taking classes at Valencia, Ibram has worked full time to support his family as well. He is torn between his calling to be an educator and his sense of obligation to his family. Ibram does not like to talk about his emotions, but you are starting to notice he always appears to be on edge and sleeping less. Your concerned about him, so you ask what's going on and he snaps at you. What sign of emotional distress is Ibram exhibiting Read the sentence carefully. Which revision correctly uses dashes to revise the error?Everyday Americans not just prodigies should have access to learning to play an instrument.EverydayAmericans not just prodigiesshould have access to learning to play an instrument.Everyday Americansnot just prodigiesshould have access to learning to play an instrument.Everyday Americansnot just prodigies should have accessto learning to play an instrument.Everyday Americans not just prodigiesshould have accessto learning to play an instrument. Federal crimes such as counterfeiting are tried in one of the 94 national District Courts because the federal government has appellate jurisdiction in these cases. True False newton has 28 cows Sally has 17 what is the sum? Use the information given below to find tan(a+b).12COS = with a in quadrant I133tan = with in quadrant III4'Give the exact answer, not a decimal approximation. The quadrilateral has the following side lengths: AB = 11, BC =7, CD = 9 and DA = 3. The angles at points A and C are right angles. What is the area of the quadrilateral? which is the safest, naturally acquired or artificially acquired immunity? What is the Society of American Foresters?A unionA businessA government agencyA professional organization zoey invested $230 in a account interest rate was 6.3% daily to the nearest hundred dollars, would be after 12 years What are the two main ways bacteria cause illness?A. By releasing toxins that poison your cellsB. By using your cells to make copies of themselvesC. By changing the genetic material inside your cellsD. By breaking down your cells for nutrients what is seedbed preparation?