the metaphor the textbook choose to describe the relationship between organizational culture and project management is that of a riverboat trip. culture

While the Atlantic slave trade was outlawed in 1807, West Africans were still being captured and enslaved. This practice continued until 1902, when it was finally ended in January 1808 by British military activity in what is now Zimbabwe.

Slave trade was outlawed by Britain and other nations starting in 1807, although illegal trade persisted for a further 60 years. After 1807, around a fourth of all Africans who were sold into slavery between 1500 and 1870 were shipped across the Atlantic. A large portion of this illicit commerce went to and from the sugar cane fields in Brazil and Cuba.

The British Royal Navy conducted antislavery operations off the coast of West Africa from 1815 to 1865, confiscating hundreds of ships. Britain was compelled to pay compensation for ships that were captured and to lobby for the abolition of slavery in nations like Spain and Portugal.

Humanitarian concerns were significant, but there were also economic interests at stake. British West Indian sugar production was competitive with Cuba and Brazil.

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The interpretative and postmodern organizational theories are the foundation of the symbolic-interpretive paradigm of public relations, but the strategic behavioral paradigm draws from all three perspectives.

Theorists and practitioners who subscribe to the symbolic-interpretive paradigm implicitly imply that the goal of public relations is to maintain the authority of the decision-makers and that it seeks to affect how the public perceives the actions of organizations over actuality.

The strategic behavioral paradigm places a strong emphasis on the involvement of public relations professionals in strategic decision-making so they may assist control organizational behavior rather than just explain it to the public. The paradigm stresses two-way and sym-metrical communication with publics before and after choices are made, rather than just managing meaning.

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Resources are identified and selected in the closing phase.

The project lifestyles cycle consists of the stairs required for task managers to effectively manipulate an undertaking from start to completion. There are five stages to the venture lifestyles cycle (also known as the five system businesses)—beginning, making plans, executing, monitoring/controlling, and ultimate.

This challenge control technique normally consists of four phases: starting up, planning, executing, and final. Resources may also consist of a 5th “tracking and controlling” segment among the executing and last stages. by way of following each step, a project crew will increase the chance of accomplishing its dreams.

No matter what method control technique your employer uses to create applications, there are 4 principal ranges of software evolution – development, trying out, deployment and monitoring.

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The given statement "In the value chain model, support activities are most directly related to the production and distribution of the firm's products and services, which create value for the customer" is true.

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if the quantity demanded of sunglasses decreases by 2% when average incomes fall by 10%, then we know that sunglasses are a normal good.

This is a good that we can say that the demand for its use would rise based on the fact that there is a rise in the income of the person that is consuming the good. That is the person would be able to get more of that good.

The decrease in income that is experienced by the people has caused them to buy less of sunglasses, in reverse when income increases, they would start to buy more again.

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Russell's business enterprise has dividends for the 12 months. $ 16,900

belongings, January 1 $ liabilities, January 1 belongings, December 31 liabilities, December 31 issuance of stock sales prices dividends

solution: $ sixteen,900

Accounting Equation :

belongings = Liabilities + owners' equity

owners' equity,  Jan 1 = $ forty two,000 - $ 24,000 = $ 18,000

Retained profits , Dec 31 = $ 30,seven hundred - $ sixteen,seven-hundred - $ 8,900 = $ five,a hundred.

proprietor's equity, Dec 31 = $ 90,000 - $ 50,000 = $ 40,000.

Issuance of inventory = $ forty,000 - $ 18,000 - $ five,a hundred = $ 16,900.

A dividend is a distribution of income by means of a company to its shareholders. when a company earns an income or surplus, it could pay a proportion of the income as a dividend to shareholders. Any quantity not allotted is taken to be re-invested within the enterprise.

A dividend refers to praise, cash, or in any other case, that a company offers to its shareholders. Dividends can be issued in various forms, including coin fees, shares, or every other form.

An example of a dividend is cash paid out to shareholders out of income. they're usually paid quarterly. as an example, AT&T has been making such distributions for numerous years, with its 2021 third-area issue set at $2.08 consistent with share.

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You must first determine what the question is asking in order to be able to solve it. In this instance, it wants to know a rough estimate of Sarah's expected semiannual income. To solve this, all you need to do is calculate her investment's future value before retirement and apply that value as her retirement investment amount. The approximate semiannual income she will be able to draw is $21,050.02.

What is Future Value?

The value of a current asset at some point in the future based on an estimated rate of growth is known as future value (FV). For investors and financial planners, the future value is essential because they use it to predict how much an investment made today will be worth in the future.

Investors can make wise investment choices based on their anticipated needs by knowing the future value. However, external economic forces that depreciate an asset's value, such inflation, might have a negative impact on the asset's future worth. The FV of an asset can be determined in one of two ways: either using simple interest or using compound interest.

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Answer: a

Explanation:

If a company has a major problem, the Task Force committee will investigate the problem. Task forces are time-certain and outcome-centered organizations that can be convened to guide OTA's mission, strategic targets, or software activities. The challenge pressure device helps the Knowledge-Based Governance version now utilized by the OTA Board.

What does OTA suggest in contracts?

An Other Transaction Agreement/Authority (OTA) is a criminal agreement with the federal authorities that is not a grant, cooperative agreement, or federal agreement. The federal authorities make use of OTAs to streamline studies and development, prototype development, and different initiatives with nonprofit studies institutions. Other Transaction Authority (OTA) is the time period normally used to consult the authority of the Department of Defense (DoD) to perform positive prototypes, research, and manufacturing projects.

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It is a true statement that the Identifying of customers is a business process handled by the marketing function.

It generally refers those activities a company undertakes to promote the buying or selling of a product or service. It includes the use of  advertising, selling, and delivering products to consumers or other businesses. but some marketing are done by affiliates on behalf of a company.

The process of marketing helps to identified the target customers, therefore, It is a true statement that the Identifying of customers is a business process handled by the marketing function.

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The correct option (D) increases advertisement costs.

The factor that does not create economies of scale is an increase in advertisement costs.

In microeconomics, economies of scale refer to the cost advantages that businesses experience as a result of their size of operation. These cost advantages are typically quantified by the amount of output produced in a given amount of time. An expansion in scale is made possible by a drop in the cost per unit of output.

The degree of market control may be influenced by technical, statistical, organizational, or other relevant elements, which form the basis of economies of scale. This only provides a brief overview of the idea.

Adam Smith is credited with developing the idea of economics and his theory of the division of labor as a means of increasing production returns.

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A consequence of an incentive contract for employees is that employees must incur additional risk.

What is Incentive contract?

An incentive contract is a contract between two parties in which one agrees to give the other party additional compensation in exchange for exceptional performance. Based on the contractor's execution, performance, delivery on time or earlier, maintenance of quality, and safety in accordance with the contract terms and conditions, the owner is required to pay the contractor additional remuneration.

These benefits are in addition to the agreed amount that the executing party has offered. Such contracts are typically utilized in building projects when there are two parties—the contractor (performing party) and the client or buyer—and generally work in the contractor's favor.

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cheri is the lessee of of a house with a detached garage . harriett has leased only the garage from cheri. however, cheri remains bound by the terms of the lease agreement with the lessor. this is an example of  landlord-tenant.

This is the term that is used to refer to the landlord that would own a property and would allow someone else to make use of the same property at a given fee payment.

The property can be said to be leased between the landlord and the tenant. Hence we can say that  this is an example of  landlord-tenant.

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The income households actually receive before they pay personal income taxes is personal income. (option b)

Personal income is the income of households before any deductions are made. Deductions include taxes. Taxes are compulsory amount that must be paid to the government.

Taxes can be progressive or regressive. It is progressive if tax amount increases with income and it is regressive if it reduces with income. After taxes are deducted from personal income, the income that is left is either net personal income or disposable income. Disposable income can be spent on either consumption or it can be saved.

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We can actually deduce here that in many companies, the changing nature of work has somewhat blurred the distinction between managers and non-managers.

A manager is actually known as an individual who has the responsibility to controlling, directing and supervising an organization. Th manager is the leader in that organization. Managers are known to have the responsibility of managing the organization's resources and man-power.

We see here that managers are known to be available in order to pilot the organization.

The manager or management of an organization, firm or company actually carry certain functions, some of them are:

These are functions that are required of the manager of a company.

Good managers help to sustain the growth and development of an organization.

Thus, we see here that in many companies, the changing nature of work has somewhat blurred the distinction between managers and non-managers.

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An autonomous machine that can sense its surroundings, conduct calculations to reach choices, and take actual physical action is referred to as a robot.

The robot population is diverse. Some people have two, four, six, or more legs, while others have the ability to fly. Some robots assist doctors as they perform surgery inside your body, while others toil in filthy industries. Robots as little as coins and as large as cars both exist. Pancake-making robots exist. Mars is accessible to others.

In reality, different people's interpretations of the word "robot" vary. Even roboticists disagree on what constitutes a robot and what does not. And for the majority of us, science fiction has had a big impact on what we think a robot will look like and be able to perform.

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The trial balance is an accounting document that is finished right before preparing financial statements and aids in preparing the financial statement.

A worksheet with two columns—one for debits and one for credits—called a trial balance is used to check the accuracy of a company's bookkeeping.

All business transactions for a corporation over a specific time period are included in the debits and credits, including the total of accounts for assets, expenses, liabilities, and revenues.

Although a trial balance's equal debits and credits guarantee there are no mathematical errors, the accounting systems themselves may still contain inaccuracies.

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The answer is 2 and 1.

In microeconomic theory, the opportunity cost of a particular activity is the value or benefit provided by engaging in that activity compared to engaging in an alternative activity. More simply, it means that if you choose one activity (for example, investing), you are giving up the opportunity to do a different option. Optimal activity is one that, net of its opportunity costs, provides returns greater than any other activity, net of its opportunity costs.

For example, if you buy a car and use it only to transport yourself, you cannot lease it, whereas if you rent it, you cannot use it to transport yourself. If the cost of transporting yourself without a car is more than what you get for renting a car, the best choice is to use a car yourself. In fundamental equation structure, opportunity cost can be described as: "Opportunity cost = (Earnings from the finest-forgone option) - (Earnings from the preferred option)." The opportunity cost of cutting their own lawn for a doctor or lawyer (who might otherwise earn $100 an hour if they choose to work overtime during that time) would be higher than a minimum wage worker (who might be in the United States earns $7.25 an hour), making the former more likely to hire someone else to mow their lawn.

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if both the supply of and the demand for a good increase simultaneously, and if demand grows relatively less than supply, then price will decrease

In order to explain how changes in the price of a resource, commodity, or product affect its supply and demand, the law of supply and demand combines two basic economic principles.

While demand declines as the price rises, supply grows. In contrast, when the price falls, supply becomes more limited and demand rises.

On a graph, curves representing the levels of supply and demand for different prices can be drawn. The point where these curves intersect denotes the equilibrium, or market-clearing price, at which supply and demand are equal. This point also symbolizes how prices are determined in the marketplace.

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A national chain of grocery stores wants to finance the construction of several new stores and demands the required funds by selling bonds.

Regional buyers for the majority of national chain stores (Kroger, Whole Foods, Costco, Safeway, Supervalu, etc.) are focused on their local network of stores. However, Nationwide Grocery stores was a grocery store chain in the American cities of New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Louis, Missouri. Both businesses were once held by Loblaw Corporations of Canada, but Loblaw sold them to Schnucks Markets in June 1995. The Kroger Co., established in 1883 in Cincinnati, Ohio where it is still located), is now the largest grocery chain in the US and the second-largest retailer overall, just behind Walmart.

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Compound interest is when you receive interest on both your interest income and your savings. Let's imagine you invest $1,000 (your principal) and it earns 5% once a year in interest or profits (the compounding frequency)

The interest on a loan or deposit that is calculated based on both the initial principle and the cumulative interest from prior periods is known as compound interest (also known as compounding interest). Compound interest, sometimes known as "interest on interest," is said to have originally arisen in Italy in the 17th century. In comparison to simple interest, which is computed solely on the principal amount, it will hasten the growth of a fund more quickly.

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Market research is the process and activities that people engage in to satisfy their needs and desires when searching for, purchasing, and using products .

It is a necessary step that a consumer uses before making up their mind to purchase the particular product. They will do the research at every aspect ,compare and contrast the quantity that is coming in hand and the price they are paying for it.

The process and the activities combine and then according to the choice final product best suited is purchased. The desire to buy a product can also change the mind.

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The statement, "of course people will buy our product—each of its features offers better value than the competition," most c reflects the economic -buyer theory consumer behavior concept.

The Economic Buyer is one who got the overall authority in the buying decision. he or she can be opposed to the opinion of other people, if the people say yes to it,  he or she can say no and vice versa.Here the economic-buyer theory defines that a consumer decision is based on economic needs, which involved the best use of the consumer's money and time. They are the ones who are aware of all the facts and compare the choices logically with the intention of having the most amazing satisfaction from spending their money and time.

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Economies of nations with dictatorships do no longer have healthy financial systems especially due to the fact they lack: transparency.

The economic system is defined because of the management of monetary topics for a community, business, or own family. An instance of the economic system is the inventory marketplace gadget within the u.s.a. reasonably priced to run; makes use of minimal assets; represents proper value for cash. "He offered an economy automobile." monetary issues affect our day-by-day lives. This includes issues which include tax and inflation, hobby quotes and wealth, inequality and rising markets, and power and the environment.

An Economy is a means by using which societies or governments organize and distribute to be had assets, offerings, and goods across a geographic area or us a. monetary structures modify the factors of production, together with land, capital, labor, and bodily sources. The unique kinds of financial structures are marketplace economy, deliberate economy, Centrally planned economic system, Socialist, and Communist Economies.

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The public company accounting oversight board may conduct investigations and disciplinary proceedings against Registered Public Accounting Firms.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP or another independent public accounting firm chosen by the Company that is of recognized national stature and registered well with Public Company Accounting Oversight is considered an independent registered public accounting company. Public accounting firms are required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to register with the PCAOB in order to prepare or issue an audit report for a broker-dealer or a U.S. public business or to otherwise play a significant part in such audits. The PCAOB is subject to SEC monitoring, which includes approving the Board's policies, procedures, and spending plan. There are 800 or so employees at the PCAOB. We have 9 regional offices spread out around the United States and yet keep our main office in Washington, D.C.

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As a matter of fact, if producers are expecting that copper prices will be higher in the future, then this will shift the demand curve for copper to the left.

Various arguments justify this through laws of demand and supply, Out of which one primary exogenous factor is inflationary pressure (the rate at which different consumers, producers, and investors are of the view that the price of a certain commodity is going to increase in the future) on the masses.

When people think that in the future the price of something is going to increase, so they take precautionary measures by either buying it in the present or hoarding it to sell it more expensive in the time of an inflationary crisis.

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The approximate price elasticity of supply for eggs is 0.48.

Calculating,

Price elasticity of supply = [tex]\frac{Percentage Change In Quantity Supplied}{Percentage Change In Price }[/tex]

Percentage change in quantity supplied= [tex]\frac{127000-100000}{100000}[/tex] × [tex]100[/tex] = 27%

Percentage change in price= [tex]\frac{4.70-3}{3}[/tex]×[tex]100[/tex]  = 56.67%

Price elasticity of supply of eggs = [tex]\frac{Percentage Change In Quantity Supplied}{Percentage Change In Price }[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{27}{56.67}[/tex]

= 0.4764 or 0.48

The relationship between the percentage change in a product's quantity demanded and the percentage change in price is known as price elasticity of demand. It helps economists comprehend how supply and demand shift in response to changes in a product's price. The elasticity of supply and demand to changes in price is discussed in the elasticity theory. Elasticity in economics is used to analyze how shifts in consumer spending patterns or producer prices affect shifts in product demand and supply. A good or service's responsiveness to supply after a change in its market price is measured by its price elasticity of supply. When a good's price increases, its supply will also rise. A good's supply will fall when its price rises, on the other hand.

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A value chain is a series of processes for converting inputs into outputs that customers value. Support activities in the value chain include those related to the actual production of the product, its marketing and distribution to customers, and its after-sales support.

A value chain is what?

A value chain is made up of all the internal business operations and procedures that provide value to the finished product. Companies in all industries are now more competitive than ever in the current business environment.

Chain Value Analysis

Value chain analysis is a method that Michael Porter created in the 1980s and has since grown to be a significant tool for businesses looking to achieve a competitive edge. Value chain analysis focuses on a company's internal operations to understand its expenses and how various operations might enhance the value of its product. The examination focuses on a company's core operations, including:

Receiving, storing, and distributing inputs or raw materials is known as inbound logistics. Your interaction with suppliers is crucial in this case.

Operations: All the processes involved in converting inputs into outputs that are then offered for sale to customers. This process may be changed to improve the end outcome.

Outbound logistics: The delivery and distribution phase, which involves getting your goods to the consumer.

Sales and marketing initiatives are steps performed by a company to promote its goods to customers.

After a product or service is purchased by a consumer, service activities are those that keep its value high.

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If Maria is 32 years old and has wages of $15,000. in 2021, the maximum amount of 401(k) contribution, maria is allowed is: $15,000.

401(k) contribution can be defined as a  contribution made by both an employer and employee into an employee retirement account.

The employer is expected to pay in a certain percentage of money into the employee account in which equally an amount will be deducted from am employee wages or salary which will be deposited into the employee account.

Therefore since maria is 32 years and earn wages of $15,000. In 2021 the maximum amount of 401(k) contribution, maria is allowed is:$15,000.

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The first scenario regarding the production decision is related to microeconomics, the second scenario regarding the pricing of used cars is related to microeconomics and the third scenario regarding long-term economic growth is macroeconomics.

Economics at the level of an individual, a group, or a business is the subject of microeconomics. While macroeconomics is the study of a country's economy in its entirety. The focus of microeconomics is on problems that have an impact on both people and businesses. Issues that have an impact on countries and the global economy are the main topic of macroeconomics.

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In a monopsonistic market, firms will hire where the marginal resource cost equal the marginal revenue product and pay a product price down to the supply curve.

Supply curve, in economics, picture illustration of the connection between product rate and amount of product that a seller is inclined and capable of deliver. Product fee is measured at the vertical axis of the graph and quantity of product supplied at the horizontal axis.

Why supply curve is upward sloping?

The supply curve is upward sloping because, over the years, suppliers can pick out how tons in their goods to supply and later carry to market.

What causes a supply curve?

Supply curve shift: adjustments in manufacturing fee and associated factors can cause an entire supply curve to shift right or left. This causes a higher or lower amount to be provided at a given rate. The ceteris paribus assumption: deliver curves relate expenses and portions supplied assuming no different elements exchange.

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