The Ornithopter

Many people know Leonardo da Vinci today as an artist, and it is true that he was indeed a great painter and sculptor, but he was also an inventor and one of the first individuals in recorded history to draft detailed plans for a flying machine.

In order to make a living, Leonardo often depended upon wealthy individuals who would commission work from him. That means they would hire him and pay him to create specific work they wanted. In 1482, when he was 30 years old, Leonardo heard of an opportunity to work for Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan. The duke, however, did not want a painter; he wanted a military engineer to help him defend the city against its enemies. This was an excellent opportunity that would pay Leonardo well, but Leonardo was a peaceful man. He considered war to be “a beastly madness.” He preferred to make things of beauty.

Leonardo made the decision that he could tolerate making weapons if the resources the duke could provide would also allow him to create things he loved. He sent a letter to the duke detailing his skills in designing and building weapons. “I will assemble catapults, mangonels, trebuchets and other instruments of wonderful efficiency…I will make an infinite number of items for attack and defense,” he wrote.

Leonardo’s letter convinced the duke of his talents, and he got the job. He set about designing the weapons that the duke desired. But Leonardo was infinitely creative, always thinking of new things, new ideas—he could not be limited to weapons alone. One idea that he had not mentioned in his application was the ornithopter. It was not a weapon of war, and it was not something that the duke had asked for, but Leonardo went ahead and designed it anyway.

Leonardo was fascinated by the idea of flight. The word “ornithopter” comes from two words meaning “bird” and “wings.” And on first inspection, his plans resembled a bird’s wings attached to a human being’s arms. He concluded that a human being’s arms were neither strong enough nor light enough to stay in the air for long. So, his design included sets of foot pedals and levers that were operated with the hands. He created detailed plans and presented them to the duke, uncertain of how the duke would react to a design for which he didn’t ask.

As it turned out, the duke was very impressed with the ornithopter, but it wasn’t Leonardo’s innovation that excited him. He immediately thought of the ways this machine could be used in war. If a spy could fly over the enemy’s camp, imagine what information he could gather! This was not what Leonardo had intended for his beautiful flying machine.

But how Leonardo felt about war turned out not to matter in the end. His ornithopter was never built—along with his designs for tanks, parachutes, diving suits, machine guns, and even robots that he created for the duke. The ideas of Leonardo da Vinci were centuries ahead of the technology needed to make them.

Read the excerpt from "The Ornithopter."

He created detailed plans and presented them to the duke, uncertain of how the duke would react to a design for which he didn't ask.

Which type of conflict is expressed in this excerpt?


individual vs. nature

individual vs. individual

individual vs. society

individual vs. self

Answer:

Individual vs. self

Explanation:

Which word is a synonym of discern?

Read these lines from Emily Dickinson’s poem “A Bird came down the Walk.”



A Bird came down the Walk—
He did not know I saw—
He bit an Angleworm in halves
And ate the fellow, raw,

And then he drank a Dew
From a convenient Grass—
And then hopped sidewise to the Wall
To let a Beetle pass—

He glanced with rapid eyes
That hurried all around—
They looked like frightened Beads, I thought—

Which aspect of the writer’s craft contributes to the poem’s meaning?

would it be C?

read the story and choose the title that best fits the focus of the narrative.

Read the sentence.

Spanish explorers heard grand tales about rich treasures in the land to the north of Mexico.

The underlined phrase is _____.

a prepositional phrase acting as an adverb
an appositive phrase renaming tales
a prepositional phrase acting as an adjective
an appositive renaming tales

which phrase, if used to fill the blank, would give the sentence correct parallel structure?

How do writers use word choices to create a credible tone?

by using colloquialisms and idioms
by using standard written English
by using formal words and phrases
by using informal words and phrases

Please help me middle school English

Please Help Asap!
What is the meaning of infrastructure in the NASA article "Responding to Climate Change"?

tools that manage climate change

regional system of public works

factors that contribute to climate change

regional governments and councils

How do you feel about virtual learning for the rest of the week?
Were you coming back today? Why? Why not?
btw im not going in school im a virtual student at all times

Answer question below

In "Charles," Laurie's mother discovers at the PTA meeting that there is no Charles in the kindergarten class. This discovery is an example of which type of irony?


verbal


dramatic


situational

MULTIPLE CHOICE

Which sentence best corrects the clause fragment?

When Thomas got a new bike for his birthday. He gave his old bike to his little brother.


Thomas gave his old bike to his little brother. When he got a new bike for his birthday.

He gave his old bike to his little brother. When Thomas got a new bike for his birthday.

When Thomas got a new bike for his birthday, he gave his old bike to his little brother.

He gave his old bike to his little brother, when Thomas got a new bike for his birthday.

Which sentence doesn't need a comma after the transitional tag?
In addition he bought a loaf of bread, butter, and milk.
Finally, they found their dog, cat, and bird.
Lastly blue, green, and purple are the colors they used.
However I would like to check my work first.

I'LL GIVE BRAINLIEST

Read the two passages.

Passage 1

Most of the planets in our solar system have moons. Our planet has only one, but some planets have several. For example, Jupiter has at least 53. Some planets, like Venus, have no moons. While other planets are somewhere in between. This table shows the number of moons that each planet has.



Passage 2

People have looked at the night sky throughout history. In fact, ancient sailors used the stars as a tool. For example, Polaris, or the North Star, has historically been a useful compass because it is always in the northern sky. At first, people used their eyes to study the stars. Eventually, telescopes were invented. One famous astronomer, Galileo Galilei, made a telescope that was similar to the ones we use today. He used it to prove that Earth revolved around the sun. Astronomers since have made many discoveries with more powerful telescopes.

Based on the information in Passage 1, what would be a good addition to Passage 2?
A definition for vocabulary words related to the solar system, like planet, moon, and star
A detail about recent astronomers' discoveries of different moons using the Hubble telescope
A photograph of different types of binoculars and telecsopes people can use to view moons
A table showing astronomers' discoveries of different planets and moons throughout history

Please help urgent!! ONLY PROBLEMS 19 AND 20

*PLEASE GET THIS DONE QUICK!* I give brainleist first answer!
Explain how different settings established different moods in Stave 1 and Stave 3.(A Christmas Carol)

yall go to my new account

which option is a prepositional phase?

HELPPPPPPPPP!!!!
select all the similes found in the phrases provided.


1) "I felt as one might feel upon escape from a den of hungry lions."

2) "I was not only a slave, but a slave for life."

3) "Anguish and grief, like darkness and rain. . . "

4) "the mighty throng which, like the confused waves of the troubled sea . . . "

5) "the victory brought me unspeakable joy"

6) "I was in the rough and tumble of an outdoor world."

7) "my chains were broken"

8) "gladness and joy, like the rainbow. . ."

Review Questions
How can we learn to really focus on the music all around us?
What are the main categories of instruments in an orchestra?
What are the six elements to focus on when listening to music?
What is articulation in music?
How do we transcribe music?
Critical Thinking Questions
Why is it important for musicians to transcribe music?
Why do you think Beethoven’s story is unique (special)?
What are some ways that we can get better at active listening?
Below is a picture of a musical staff. What is a musical staff? What do the top lines and the bottom lines represent?

** 70* POINTS** I NEED HELP
Write a thesis statement in response to the following prompt.

Prompt: Read the letter to the editor "I, Too, Have a Dream." How does the writer use structure and language to persuade her readers and support her feelings about immigration?

Dear Editor,

I have never taken the time to write a letter to the editor, but something happened that lit a fire in me. Last week, as my best friend Areliss and I headed to class, a group of college protesters blocked our path. Their signs read "GO HOME" and "ILLEGALS LEAVE." They shouted, "Send them home!" These protesters couldn't have known what Areliss felt as they shouted and waved pamphlets in our faces like tattered flags. But, I know their words were bullets to Areliss's heart. I wanted to fire back to the protestors: Where are your ancestors from?

Areliss came to the United States illegally, but she didn't do it intentionally. She was a baby. Her parents, seeking a better life, failed to follow the established immigration procedure, and they slipped into our country undetected. Once here, they raised Areliss, who would grow up never knowing any other home but America.

Under DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals), Areliss has been granted the temporary opportunity to remain here while she completes her college education. DACA ensures, at least for a while, that she will not be deported to a country she has never visited in her entire life.

The term "DREAMers" refers to an act that would have protected these immigrant children if they attended college or served in the military. The DREAM Act did not pass, but its name has remained. DACA recipients have a dream: they dream that their lifelong contribution to the United States will one day be recognized, and they will be permitted to stay in the country they have always called home.

Now, DACA is ending. Those who oppose DACA say it encourages illegal activity, weakens our borders, and goes against the Constitution. I understand their concerns. In an era of heightened security, we must do our utmost to keep this great nation safe. That includes establishing a healthy monitoring system for immigration.

But, those who oppose DACA, who wield protest signs and who want to build walls, have never felt the dreaded doom of deportation. They forget that our long and colorful history has been built by many immigrants—including the immigrants who fought for and founded our country. They forget that Lady Liberty stands as a beacon, asking for the tired, the poor, and the huddled masses yearning to breathe free. We have a responsibility to them.

To send DREAMers away is to deny that responsibility. Programs like DACA exist to keep the American dream alive.

Yes, Areliss is a DREAMer. But I, too, have a dream. My dream is that DACA will be reinstated. My dream is that Areliss will be invited to stay in the country she has known as home since she was a baby and live out her dreams in the country she loves.

Sincerely,

Brittany Taylor

PLEASEEEEEEEEEEE HELP MEEEEE IM TIMED ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST 50 POINTS!!!

Read the excerpt from Team Moon.

The trouble with option 2 was that the venting might push the fuel to an unstable condition. Or, another possible outcome of the “burping”: what if the landing gear hadn’t deployed correctly? Could any movement, or any resulting burst—no matter how small—tip the LM over? Many a voice in the debate thought the safest option was to abort—now! But that opinion was quickly overruled by the Grumman and NASA leadership (who were confident of the landing gear), and the consensus of the leaders was that it would be safe to gently, gently burp the engine.

Why does the author use a problem-solution text structure in the paragraph?

to help the reader understand the astronauts’ feelings about the landing
to help the reader understand the intense pressure of the situation
to help the reader understand the similarities between the leaders’ options
to help the reader understand the process of “burping” an engine

The land is fertile, and crops flourish.

Which of the following correctly explains the author’s use of the word flourish as it appears in the passage?

A: The author uses the word to show that the crops are simply decorations.

B: The author chooses to explain that the crops of this region thrive in the soil.

C: The author makes a comparison between the health of the crops and a showy display.

D: The author draws an analogy between the growth of the crops and the region’s prosperity.

HELP PLZ IM ALMOST OUT OF TIME Which answer is the best revision of the inappropriate shift in verb tense?
Dorothy takes a needle and thread, and as quickly as Oz cut the strips of silk into the proper shape, she sewed them neatly together.


Dorothy takes a needle and thread, and as quickly as Oz cuts the strips of silk into the proper shape, she sewed them neatly together.

Dorothy takes a needle and thread, and as quickly as Oz cut the strips of silk into the proper shape, she sews them neatly together.

Dorothy took a needle and thread and as quickly as Oz cut the strips of silk into the proper shape, she sewed them neatly together.

Dorothy took a needle and thread, and as quickly as Oz cuts the strips of silk into the proper shape, she sews them neatly together.

On Day 3, Brian

caught his first rabbit.

got the rescue pack from the plane.

reached the plane on the raft.

found a candy bar.

What is a solstice?
1. the day in Earth’s orbit that marks the beginning of spring or autumn
2. the day in Earth’s orbit in which the Earth is tilted 23.5°
3. the day in Earth’s orbit that marks the beginning of summer or winter
4. the day in Earth’s orbit when sunlight and darkness are of equal lengths
I need answer ASAP!!! Plz help! I will give you a brainliest!

It might not be well known, but there is a desert in North America. It spans along the western side of the continent, from southern Oregon to northern Mexico. It is mostly contained in the arid area between the Rocky Mountains to the east and the fertile coast of the Pacific Ocean to the west. Researchers estimate that the desert is between 500,000 and 730,000 square miles.

Differences of latitude, elevation, climate, topography, vegetation, soil, and human use have divided the desert into a cold region and a hot region. The cold region of the desert is known as the Great Basin Desert. This area covers almost all of Nevada, western Utah, and sections of the neighboring states. South of this basin is the Mojave Desert, which is the hot region of the North American Desert. This area covers much of California, southern Nevada, and some of Mexico.

As a desert, the area is arid because of high evaporation, extreme temperatures, high winds, localized storms, and sun-beaten land. Life in the desert is a struggle for humans. People do live in this desert, but the pockets of people are dispersed and isolated. Native Americans and European settlers have added to the population of the region. Despite the harsh conditions, a surprising number of plants, animals, and reptiles make the desert their home. In fact, some species can only be found in the desert.

What evidence does the author use to support the idea that there are people who live in the desert?

A. This area covers almost all of Nevada, western Utah, and sections of the neighboring states.
B. Native Americans and European settlers have added to the population of the region.
C. A surprising number of plants, animals, and reptiles make the desert their home.
D. The area is arid because of high evaporation, extreme temperatures, and high winds.

Use what you’ve read in the passage to answer this question.


Which character’s description of the planet turned out to be right in the end? Was the planet a horrible “wasteland” or an “ocean of possibilities”? And could the crew have realized the truth sooner? Provide evidence from the text to support your answers.

Try To make a song better than this For Brainliest NO WEBSITES USE UR OWN WORDS

Ay, Getting on brainly

im mumbling insanly

i get on daily

havent got on lately

Im friendly

not deadly

well not yet

but im upset

that we havent met

look my name is ml

nothing to tell

feels like im locked in my cell

and im not feeling well


ay, i like to laugh

and i like to rap

and i like to nap

im lost i need a map

feels like i have no brain

hey im insane

haha i know im lame

hey but whos to blame

so get on the train

lets see who came

cuz i aint the same


its short but i like it

its called

Not Myself

by ML ( ME )

What is the summation in an essay?
A. a short overview of the ideas addressed

B. a detailed explanation of how ideas are connected

C. an in-depth analysis of which ideas are the strongest

D. a bulleted list of all ideas stated