The primary purpose of Freddie Mac (FHLMC) is to B. provide a secondary market for mortgage originators.
Freddie Mac, along with Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae, plays a crucial role in the US mortgage market. However, unlike Fannie Mae, which was created to ensure mortgage funds' availability, and Ginnie Mae, which guarantees mortgage-backed securities, Freddie Mac's primary goal is to create a secondary market for mortgage loans.
Moreover, Freddie Mac helps maintain mortgage interest rates' stability by pooling and securitizing the purchased loans, creating mortgage-backed securities (MBS). Investors can buy these MBS, which diversifies their investment portfolios while contributing to the housing finance system's stability.
Although Freddie Mac indirectly contributes to competition and offers more options for consumers, its main focus remains on supporting mortgage originators and maintaining the stability of the secondary mortgage market. It is essential to note that Freddie Mac does not provide investors with a guaranteed rate of return, as its securities' performance depends on the underlying mortgage loans' performance.
In summary, the primary purpose of Freddie Mac is to provide a secondary market for mortgage originators, ultimately benefiting both lenders and borrowers and maintaining a stable and well-functioning housing finance system. Therefore, the correct option is B.
The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
the primary purpose of freddie mac (FHLMC) is to:
A. create competition for fannie mae and ginnie mae.
B. provide a secondary market for mortgage originators.
C. provide consumers with more options when deciding on a mortgage loan.
D. provide investors with a guaranteed rate of return.
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D Question 6 2 pts Please find the price of the following bond: $1,000 face value, 6% semi-annual coupon, 5.5% market rates, and 8 years to maturity.
The price of the bond with $1,000 face value, 6% semi-annual coupon, 5.5% market rates, and 8 years to maturity is $998.77.
It is provided that a bond has a $1,000 face value, 6% semi-annual coupon, 5.5% market rates, and 8 years to maturity.
To find the price of the bond, we can follow these steps:1. Determine the semi-annual coupon payment:
(0.06 * $1,000) / 2 = $30
2. Calculate the number of periods:
8 years * 2 (semi-annual) = 16 periods
3. Determine the semi-annual market rate:
0.055 / 2 = 0.0275
4. Calculate the present value of the coupon payments:
$30 * [(1 - (1 + 0.0275)^(-16)) / 0.0275] ≈ $381.41
5. Calculate the present value of the face value:
$1,000 * (1 + 0.0275)^(-16) ≈ $617.36
6. Add the present value of coupon payments and the face value:
$381.41 + $617.36 ≈ $998.77
Therefore, the price of the bond with $1,000 face value, 6% semi-annual coupon, 5.5% market rates, and 8 years to maturity is approximately $998.77.
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answer has been saved.16. linda would like to purchase a stationary bike for $425. she thinks she will use the bike four days a week over the next eight years. what is linda's cost per use?
Linda's cost per use of the stationary bike will be around $0.26. This is a relatively low cost per use, especially when considering the long-term health benefits of regular exercise.
To calculate Linda's cost per use of the stationary bike, we need to first determine how many times she will use the bike over the course of eight years. Since she plans to use it four times a week, we can multiply 4 by 52 (the number of weeks in a year) to get 208 uses per year. Over eight years, this adds up to a total of 1,664 uses.
Next, we need to factor in the cost of the bike itself. Linda is paying $425 upfront, and she plans to use it 1,664 times over eight years. To find the cost per use, we can divide $425 by 1,664, which gives us approximately $0.26 per use.
Investing in a stationary bike can save money in the long run, as it eliminates the need for gym memberships or costly outdoor equipment. Overall, Linda's purchase of a stationary bike is a smart investment in her health and well-being.
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in spock, this year's nominal gdp is $5 million and the real gdp is $4 million. what is spock's gdp deflator?
The Spock's GDP (Gross domestic product) deflator for this year is 125.
How to calculate the spock's GDP deflatorThe GDP deflator is a measure of the overall price level of goods and services produced in an economy. It is calculated by dividing the nominal GDP by the real GDP and multiplying by 100.
In this case, Spock's nominal GDP is $5 million and the real GDP is $4 million, so we can calculate the GDP deflator as follows:
GDP deflator = (nominal GDP / real GDP) x 100
GDP deflator = ($5 million / $4 million) x 100
GDP deflator = 1.25 x 100 GDP deflator = 125
Therefore, Spock's GDP deflator for this year is 125.
This indicates that the overall price level of goods and services in the economy has increased by 25% compared to the base year used to calculate the real GDP.
This information can be useful for policymakers to assess the inflationary pressures in the economy and make necessary adjustments to monetary and fiscal policies.
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As a fresh graduate from the Master of Finance and Accounting, you have just been employed in a very reputable organization. The company is contemplating whether to rent a house or buy an outright house for people of your calibre to be used as an official resident for your position as a finance director. If the company should rent a house, they would have to pay a monthly rent of US$2,500.00 to a real estate company. However, the same real estate company is selling a house of similar features to be paid for over 25 years. The cost of the house is US$350,000. The company require a down payment of 25% of the total sum require before it would seal the deal for the company to own the house forever. The company has also realized that if it buys a piece of land in Ghana, it could build such as a house which may cost at least 20% less the sum requires for this mortgage facility. However, the company is concerned about some issues surrounding the acquisition of properties in Ghana. Also, since the company is operating in Ghana, it is pricing its products in Ghana cedis but had to pay in dollars. A host of other considerations surrounding this deal has been discussed at the management level. As a finance director you are expected to provide expert advice to your company based on the following:
Requirements
a. Determine the monthly payment of the mortgage facility assuming that the interest rate on the loan is 8%.
b. Show a four monthly amortization schedule for this mortgage facility.
c. Based on your computation of the monthly mortgage repayment, advise whether the company should purchase the mortgage facility or pay rent forever?
d. What are the three challenges of mortgage acquisition in Ghana? e. Provide three ways government should do to make mortgage acquisition attractive in Ghana?
a. The monthly payment of the mortgage facility would be US$1,862.30 assuming an interest rate of 8% and a loan term of 25 years.
b. Month | Beginning Balance | Payment | Interest | Principal | Ending Balance
1 | $262,500.00 | $1,862.30 | $1,750.00 | $112.30 | $262,387.70
2 | $262,387.70 | $1,862.30 | $1,747.90 | $114.40 | $262,273.30
3 | $262,273.30 | $1,862.30 | $1,745.80 | $116.50 | $262,156.80
4 | $262,156.80 | $1,862.30 | $1,743.60 | $118.70 | $262,038.10
c. Based on the computation of the monthly mortgage repayment, it may be financially beneficial for the company to purchase the house instead of paying rent forever. However, other factors such as the availability of funds for the down payment and the company's long-term plans should also be considered.
d. Three challenges of mortgage acquisition in Ghana include high-interest rates, difficulty in obtaining financing, and lack of transparency in the real estate sector.
e. To make mortgage acquisition more attractive in Ghana, the government should consider implementing policies such as reducing interest rates, providing incentives for mortgage lenders, and improving transparency in the real estate sector.
Additionally, the government could also consider introducing affordable housing schemes to help low and middle-income earners own homes.
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you set up a sole proprietorship and your lawyer tells you that as the owner you will face unlimited liability. what does that mean?
Unlimited liability in the context of a sole proprietorship means that as the owner, you are personally responsible for all the business debts and liabilities.
What's unlimited liabilityIn the event that your business cannot pay its debts, creditors can pursue your personal assets, such as your home, car, and savings, to cover the outstanding obligations.
This is because a sole proprietorship does not provide legal separation between the owner and the business, unlike other business structures like corporations or limited liability companies.
As a result, your personal financial risk is higher in a sole proprietorship, and it's essential to be aware of this liability when operating your business.
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Stock A has a standard deviation of 5% and expected return of 10%. Stock B has a standard deviation of 10% and expected return of 15%. Suppose, we create a portfolio with 50% weight in stock A and 50% weight in Stock B. The portfolio has a standard deviation of 7.5%. What is the correlation between stock A and stock B? 0.5 - 1 1 0
The correlation between stock A and stock B is 0.5 and can be calculated using the formula:
Correlation = [(Portfolio Standard Deviation)²- (Weight A)²x (Standard Deviation A)² - (Weight B)²x (Standard Deviation B)²] / [2 x (Weight A) x (Weight B) x (Standard Deviation A) x (Standard Deviation B)]
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Correlation = [(7.5%)² - (50%)^² x (5%)^2 - (50%)² x (10%)²] / [2 x (50%) x (50%) x (5%) x (10%)]
Correlation = 0.5
Therefore, the correlation between stock A and stock B is 0.5.
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the risk of material misstatement is also referred to as blank risk because it stems from decisions made by the entity. multiple choice question. client inherent internal control business
The risk of material misstatement is also referred to as client risk because it originates from the decisions made by the entity. This risk arises due to the possibility of errors or frauds in the financial statements that may affect the decisions of the users of these statements. The auditor needs to assess this risk and design their audit procedures accordingly.
Now coming to the multiple choice question. The three terms given in the options are client, inherent, and internal control. Out of these, the correct term that is related to the risk of material misstatement is "inherent". Inherent risk is the risk of material misstatement that exists in the absence of any internal controls.
It is related to the nature of the client's business and the complexity of their transactions. The auditor needs to assess inherent risk along with control risk (related to the effectiveness of internal controls) to determine the overall risk of material misstatement.
In summary, the risk of material misstatement is referred to as client risk because it originates from the entity's decisions. The correct term related to this risk in the given multiple choice question is inherent risk.
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Economist X. M. Gao and two colleagues have estimated that the cross-price elasticity of demand between beer and wine is 0.31. If so, then beer and wine are substitutes. Gao and colleagues have estimated that the cross-price elasticity of demand between beer and spirits is 0.15. If the price of spirits increases by 10 percent, then the quantity of beer demanded will by percent. (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place.) In addition, Gao and colleagues have estimated the income elasticity of demand for beer to be - 0.09. If so, then beer is A. a normal good that is a luxury. B. an inferior good. C. a normal good that is a necessity. D. a normal good that may be a luxury or a necessity. E. a luxury that may be a normal good or an inferior good.
If the cross-price elasticity of demand between beer and spirits is 0.15 and the price of spirits increases by 10 percent, then the quantity of beer demanded will decrease by 1.5 percent (0.15 x 10 = 1.5).
Cross-price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand for one product to a change in the price of another product. A positive cross-price elasticity of demand indicates that the two products are substitutes, meaning that if the price of one product increases, consumers will switch to the other product. The magnitude of the cross-price elasticity of demand indicates the strength of this relationship.
Income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand for a product to a change in income. A positive income elasticity of demand indicates that the product is a normal good, meaning that as income increases, demand for the product increases. A negative income elasticity of demand indicates that the product is an inferior good, meaning that as income increases, demand for the product decreases. The magnitude of the income elasticity of demand indicates the degree of responsiveness of demand to changes in income.
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(Related to Checkpoint 9.3) (Bond valuation) Pybus, Inc. is considering issuing bonds that will mature in 25 years with an annual coupon rate of 8 percent. Their par value will be $1,000, and the interest will be paid semiannually. Pybus is hoping to get a AA rating on its bonds and, if it does, the yield to maturity on similar AA bonds is 11 percent. However, Pybus is not sure whether the new bonds will receive a AA rating. If they receive an A rating, the yield to maturity on similar A bonds is 12 percent. What will be the price of these bonds if they receive either an A or a AA rating? a. The price of the Pybus bonds if they receive a AA rating will be s (Round to the nearest cent.) Enter your answer in the answer box and then click Check Answer. part remaining Clear All Check Answer
The price of the Pybus bonds if they receive a AA rating will be $875.40.
To calculate the bond price, we will use the present value of the bond formula: Bond Price = C * (1 - (1 + r)⁻ⁿ) / r + M / (1 + r)ⁿ, where C is the annual coupon payment, r is the yield to maturity, n is the number of periods, and M is the par value.
For a AA rating:
1. C = 0.08 * $1,000 / 2 = $40 (coupon payment)
2. r = 0.11 / 2 = 0.055 (yield to maturity)
3. n = 25 * 2 = 50 (number of periods)
4. M = $1,000 (par value)
Bond Price = $40 * (1 - (1 + 0.055)⁻⁵⁰) / 0.055 + $1,000 / (1 + 0.055)⁵⁰ = $875.40 (rounded to the nearest cent).
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Using Return Distributions Suppose the returns on long-term government bonds are normally distributed. Based on the historical record, what is the approximate probability that your return on these bonds will be less than −3.9 percent in a given year? What range of returns would you expect to see 95 percent of the time? What range would you expect to see 99 percent of the time?
The Range of return of the following is given as:
The probability that the return will be less than -3.9% is 16%The required range of returns for 95 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -13.7% to 25.5%.The range of returns for 99 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -23.5% to 35.3%.Any type of investment instrument, including real estate, bonds, equities, and fine art, can be subject to a rate of return (RoR). Any asset can be used with the RoR as long as it is acquired once and generates cash flow at some point in the future.
The attractiveness of various investments may be determined, in part, by comparing their historical rates of return to those of comparable assets. A needed rate of return is frequently chosen by investors before making an investment decision.
Return range for a security with returns of normal distribution:
When a security's returns are regularly distributed, they are symmetrical around the mean return amount. There is a 68% likelihood that the return in this situation will be within one standard deviation of the mean. A 95% possibility exists that the return will fall between two standard deviations of the mean. Additionally, there is a 99% likelihood that the return will fall within a three standard deviation range of the mean.
With the standard deviation([tex]\sigma[/tex]) and the mean (R) , different probability of the return to fall in a range are mentioned below.
Probability Range
About 68% → [tex]R \pm \sigma[/tex]
About 95% → [tex]R \pm 2\sigma[/tex]
About 95% → [tex]R \pm 3\sigma[/tex]
The approximate probability that your return on these bonds will be less than −3.9 percent in a given year:
[tex]R \pm \sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 9.8) to (5.9 + 9.8)
= -3.9% to 15.7%.
Hence, the approximate probability that the return will be less than -3.9% is 16%.
With standard deviation = 9.8% and mean = 5.9%
[tex]R \pm 2\sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 2x9.8) to (5.9 + 2x9.8)
= (5.9% - 19.6%) to (5.9% + 19.6%)
= -13.7% to 25.5%
Hence the required range of returns for 95 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -13.7% to 25.5%.
With standard deviation = 9.8% and mean = 5.9%
[tex]R \pm 3\sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 3x9.8) to (5.9 + 3x9.8)
= (5.9% - 29.4%) to (5.9% + 29.4%)
= -23.5% to 35.3%
Hence, required range of returns for 99 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -23.5% to 35.3%.
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Suppose that 5 years ago the Cisco Company sold a 15-year bond issue, which had a par value of $5,000 and a coupon rate of 7%. interest is paid semiannually. If the required return is 12%, what is the price of the bond today? Under what condition is it sold?
The price of the Cisco bond today is $3,783.43 and it is sold at a discount.
To calculate the price of the bond today, we need to discount the bond's future cash flows to their present value. The bond has a 15-year maturity with semi-annual coupon payments, so there are 30 periods.
The coupon payment is $175 (0.07 x $5,000 / 2), and the par value is $5,000. The required return is 12%, which we need to convert to a semi-annual rate of 6%.
Using the formula for the present value of an annuity, we can calculate the present value of the bond's coupon payments:
PV of annuity = $175 x [(1 - 1 / (1 + 0.06)³⁰) / 0.06] = $2,249.23
Using the formula for the present value of a future sum, we can calculate the present value of the bond's par value:
PV of par value = $5,000 / (1 + 0.06)³⁰ = $1,534.20
Adding the present values of the coupon payments and the par value, we get the bond's price today:
Bond price = $2,249.23 + $1,534.20 = $3,783.43
The bond is sold at a discount because its coupon rate is lower than the required return of 12%. Investors would only be willing to buy the bond at a price lower than its par value to compensate for the lower coupon payments.
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A firm is contemplating shortening its credit period from 45 to 35 days and believes that, as a result of this change, its average collection period will decline from 50 to 43 days. Bad-debt expenses are expected to decrease from 1.4% to 1.1% of sales. The firm is currently selling 11,500 units but believes that as a result of the proposed change, sales will decline to 9,500 units. The sale price per unit is $56, and the variable cost per unit is $43. The firm has a required return on equal-risk investments of 11.2%. Evaluate this decision, and make a recommendation to the firm.
Based on the given information, the firm's decision to shorten its credit period is not advisable as it will lead to a decrease in profit.
The firm's decision to shorten its credit period from 45 to 35 days will result in a decrease in sales from 11,500 to 9,500 units.
Current sales revenue = 11,500 × $56 = $644,000
New sales revenue = 9,500 × $56 = $532,000
The total variable cost of producing 11,500 units is $43 × 11,500 = $494,500.
Current profit = $644,000 - $494,500 = $149,500
New profit = $532,000 - $494,500 = $37,500
The firm's average collection period is expected to decrease from 50 to 43 days, which means that the firm will be able to collect payments faster, resulting in a decrease in bad debt expenses from 1.4% to 1.1% of sales.
Current bad debt expenses = 1.4% × $644,000 = $9,016
New bad debt expenses = 1.1% × $532,000 = $5,852
However, the decrease in profit is greater than the decrease in bad debt expenses.
The net loss in profit due to the proposed change is $112,000, which represents a loss of $9.74 per unit.
The firm's required return on equal-risk investments is 11.2%. The loss of $9.74 per unit represents a return of -17.4%, which is lower than the required return. Therefore, the firm's decision to shorten its credit period is not advisable.
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Q1 - A firm that has sold a building is going to receive payment in four installments. The buyer has paid $10,000 at purchase time. The buyer is going to pay $15,000 one year later, $18,000 two years later, and $21,000 three years later. Find the present value of the receipts from the sale if the seller wishes to use a discount rate of 6 percent.
Q2 - An investor deposits $1,000 every year on the same day in a savings account. The amount in the savings accounts earns 5 percent interest compounded annually,
a) What will the investor's account balance be after the third deposits
b) What will the investor's account balance be after the tenth deposits
Q3 - A company has taken out a 3-year bank loan for $50,000. On the third anniversary of the loan, it is repaid with a $64,752 payment. What was the interest rate paid by the company
on this loan?
Q4 - A family has established a trust fund for its children, attending college, and has paid $101.514 to a bank. In return, the bak is going to pay the family $20,000 every year for
the next 6 years. The first payment will be made 1 year from the day the family paid the bank. What is the interest rate that thic trust fund will be earning?
Q5 - What is the present value of a stream of receipts of $10,000 çvery year for the first 6 years and $6,000 every year for years 7 through 16? Thic discount is 8 percent.
Q1 - The present value of the receipts from the sale is $47,374.49 if the seller wishes to use a discount rate of 6 percent.
To calculate the present value of the receipts, we can use the formula PV = CF1 / (1 + r)^1 + CF2 / (1 + r)^2 + CF3 / (1 + r)^3 + CF4 / (1 + r)^4, where PV is the present value, CF1, CF2, CF3, and CF4 are the cash flows in each year, and r is the discount rate. Plugging in the given values, we get PV = 10000 + 15000 / (1 + 0.06)^1 + 18000 / (1 + 0.06)^2 + 21000 / (1 + 0.06)^3 = $47,374.49.
Q2 - a) The investor's account balance will be $3,152.52 after the third deposit.
To calculate the account balance, we can use the formula A = P(1 + r)^n, where A is the account balance, P is the annual deposit, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values, we get A = 1000(1 + 0.05)^3 = $1,157.63 after the first deposit, A = (1000 + 1157.63)(1 + 0.05)^1 = $2,315.51 after the second deposit, and A = (1000 + 1157.63 + 2315.51)(1 + 0.05)^1 = $3,152.52 after the third deposit.
b) The investor's account balance will be $15,425.86 after the tenth deposit.
Using the same formula, we get A = 1000[(1 + 0.05)^10 - 1] / 0.05 = $15,425.86.
Q3 - The interest rate paid by the company on this loan was 8 percent.
To find the interest rate, we can use the formula FV = PV(1 + r)^n, where FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years. Plugging in the given values, we get 64752 = 50000(1 + r)^3, which gives us r = 0.08 or 8 percent.
Q4 - The trust fund will be earning an interest rate of 9.16 percent.
To find the interest rate, we can use the formula PV = CF / r[1 - 1 / (1 + r)^n], where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years. Plugging in the given values, we get 101514 = 20000 / r[1 - 1 / (1 + r)^6], which gives us r = 0.0916 or 9.16 percent.
Q5 - The present value of the stream of receipts is $64,971.24.
To calculate the present value, we can use the formula PV = CF1 / (1 + r)^1 + CF2 / (1 + r)^2 + ... + CF6 / (1 + r)^6 + CF7 / (1 + r)^7 + ... + CF16 / (1 + r)^16, where CF1 to CF6 are $10,000 each and CF7 to CF16 are $6,000 each. Plugging in the given values we found $64,971.24.
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xiu li has found several properties to show marco, owner of the upcycled dog, who is looking for a new storefront for his business. at which point in the personal selling process does xiu li show her properties?
Xiu Li shows the properties to Marco during the presentation or demonstration stage of the personal selling process. This is when she showcases the available properties to meet Marco's specific requirements and to persuade him that they are suitable for his business needs.
In the personal selling process, the demonstration stage refers to the phase where the salesperson showcases the features, benefits, and functionality of a product or service to the potential customer.
In the context of Xiu Li showing properties to Marco, the demonstration stage involves physically presenting and highlighting the key aspects of the properties she has selected.
This may include showcasing the location, layout, amenities, and other relevant factors that make the properties suitable for Marco's business needs.
The demonstration stage aims to provide a firsthand experience and create a favorable impression to convince the customer to make a purchase or take the next steps in the sales process.
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office supply inc. manufactures and sells stationery and office supplies. it is beginning to lose its competitive advantage with the entry of new competitors. in this case, to gain a sustainable competitive advantage, what should office supply inc. do? group of answer choices find ways to cut the cost of goods sold imitate the products of its competitors. quickly rollout new products develop the skills and assets of the organization.
Office Supply Inc., facing increased competition in the stationery and office supplies market, should focus on developing a sustainable competitive advantage.
How To achieve sustainable competitive advantageTo achieve this, the company should prioritize cutting the cost of goods sold, quickly rolling out innovative new products, and enhancing the skills and assets of the organization.
By reducing costs, Office Supply Inc. can offer more competitive pricing to customers. Introducing new products will help differentiate the company from competitors and meet evolving customer needs.
Finally, investing in the organization's skills and assets will improve overall efficiency and foster a culture of continuous improvement. This combination of strategies will position Office Supply Inc. for long-term success in the market.
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be 9 yes Financial results may a misleading indicator of strategic health of a company do you agree with this statement? Explain start with with this statement or agree I do not agree Strictly one page: Strateg-effectiveness effia oncy - financial is operations : *Machoki - Readings FOC FIDEL MWAKI 4 COMPANY ADVOCATES$
I agree with the statement that financial results may be a misleading indicator of the strategic health of a company. While financial performance is undoubtedly important, it cannot be the only metric for evaluating a company's overall success.
A company may have strong financial results but still struggle with operational efficiency, or its strategic goals may not align with its financial performance.
For example, a company may have achieved high profitability through cost-cutting measures, but at the expense of investing in long-term growth opportunities.
Alternatively, a company may have incurred short-term losses in pursuit of a strategic shift that will position it for long-term success.
Therefore, it is essential to evaluate a company's overall strategy, effectiveness, efficiency, and operations alongside financial performance to gain a comprehensive understanding of its strategic health. Focusing solely on financial results can lead to a short-sighted view of a company's long-term prospects.
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you are purchasing a new machine that costs $12 million, and that has a 7 year expected life span. After 7 years, the estimated salvage value is $2 million. What is the yearly straight-line depreciation? (answer in MILLION dollars, but without the dollar sign, e.g. "0.42" is $0.42 million) Type your answer...
The yearly straight-line depreciation for the machine is $1.43 million.
The yearly straight-line depreciation for the new machine that costs $12 million and has an expected life span of 7 years with a salvage value of $2 million is calculated by subtracting the salvage value from the cost of the machine and dividing it by the expected life span. In this case, the calculation would be:
($12 million - $2 million) / 7 years = $1.43 million per year
Therefore, the yearly straight-line depreciation for the machine is $1.43 million.
Straight-line depreciation is a common method used to calculate the decrease in the value of assets over time. It assumes that the value of the asset decreases by an equal amount each year. In this case, the depreciation expense for the machine is spread out evenly over its expected life span of 7 years. The salvage value is also taken into account to determine the total amount of depreciation. The yearly straight-line depreciation can be useful for companies to determine the cost of owning and operating assets over their useful lives.
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___________ occurs when a supervisor earns less than his or her subordinates
a) Role conflict
b) Role ambiguity
c) status incongruence
d) informal status
The "status incongruence" occurs when a supervisor earns less than his or her subordinates. The correct option is C.
Status incongruence is a term used to describe a situation where an individual's position or rank within a social hierarchy is incongruent or inconsistent with their income, power or prestige.
In the workplace, the supervisor earns less than subordinates, that can lead to low job satisfaction, low morale, and decreased productivity. There are several supervisor role like counselor, director, and sponsor.
Therefore, the correct option is C, which is status incongruence.
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evaluate how ethical considerations and cultural differences may influence leadership and management styles in in organization.
Ethical considerations and cultural differences should be considered when developing their leadership and management styles. Leaders who prioritize ethical considerations and are sensitive to cultural differences are more likely to create a positive work environment, build trust and respect, and achieve organizational success.
Ethical considerations:
Ethical considerations play an essential role in shaping leadership and management styles in an organization. Leaders must follow ethical principles and guidelines to ensure that their actions are legal, moral, and ethical.
Leaders who prioritize ethical considerations are more likely to engage in participatory management, encourage employee empowerment, promote social responsibility, and take a long-term view of organizational success. They are more likely to create an environment of trust, collaboration, and mutual respect.
Cultural differences:
Cultural differences can also significantly impact leadership and management styles in an organization. Different cultures have different values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, which can influence how leaders communicate, motivate, and manage employees.
Leaders who are aware of and respectful of cultural differences are more likely to adapt their leadership style to meet the needs of their employees. They are more likely to be successful in building trust, fostering collaboration, and promoting employee engagement.
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A corporate bond has a 10 year maturity and pays interest semiannually. The quoted coupon rate is 6% and the bond is priced at par. The bond is callable in 3 years at 110% of par. What is the bond's yield to call?
A. 6.72%
B. 9.17%
C. 4.49%
D. 8.98%
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet, we can find that the yield to call is 6.72%, which is answer A.
The yield to call, we need to find the cash flows for the bond and then use the internal rate of return (IRR) function on a financial calculator or spreadsheet.
The bond pays a 6% coupon rate, which is paid semi-annually. This means the bond pays 3% of the par value every six months. At maturity, the bond will also pay back the par value of $1,000.
However, the bond is callable in 3 years at 110% of par. This means the issuer can choose to call the bond back early, paying investors 110% of the par value. In this case, we need to calculate the bond's yield to call rather than the yield to maturity.
To calculate the yield to call, we need to find the cash flows for the bond up to the call date and then add the call price to the final cash flow.
The cash flows for the bond are as follows:
Year 1: $30 (3% of $1,000)
Year 2: $30 (3% of $1,000)
Year 3: $30 (3% of $1,000) + $1,000 (par value)
Year 4-10: $30 (3% of $1,000)
If the bond is called in year 3, the cash flows are:
Year 1: $30
Year 2: $30
Year 3: $1,100 (110% of $1,000)
Total cash flow: $1,160
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet, we can find that the yield to call is 6.72%, which is answer A.
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1. all of the following statements concerning the income beneficiary of a trust are correct, except: a. an income beneficiary in a trust can be given to the beneficiary, while also naming the same individual as the remainder beneficiary of the trust. b. a decedent will commonly create a testamentary trust that names his wife as the income beneficiary of his property for the rest of his life and his children as the remainder beneficiaries. c. a dynasty trust only has income beneficiaries. the trust property will never vest with a remainder beneficiary. d. when the property is paid to the remainder beneficiary at the termination of a trust, if the income beneficiary is a different individual than the remainder beneficiary, the income beneficiary is treated as having made a taxable gift to the remainder beneficiary.
Trusts are legal arrangements where a trustee holds property for the benefit of one or more beneficiaries. There are different types of trusts with different features and purposes. One type of trust is an income trust, where the income generated from the property held by the trustee is distributed to the income beneficiary. The remainder beneficiary is the person who ultimately receives the trust property at the termination of the trust. In this context, let's explore the statements given and identify the incorrect statement.
Statement a is correct as it is possible to name the same individual as the income beneficiary and remainder beneficiary of a trust. Statement b is also correct as it is common for a decedent to create a trust with his wife as the income beneficiary and his children as remainder beneficiaries. Statement d is also correct as the income beneficiary may be treated as making a taxable gift to the remainder beneficiary when the property is paid to the remainder beneficiary at the end of the trust.
However, statement c is incorrect. A dynasty trust is a type of trust that lasts for multiple generations and is designed to minimize taxes and maximize wealth preservation for the beneficiaries. Unlike what statement c says, a dynasty trust can have both income beneficiaries and remainder beneficiaries. Therefore, statement c is incorrect.
In summary, all the statements are true except for statement c, which is incorrect.
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Coke's most recent dividend was $1. Dividends are expected to grow by 15% for the next two years which would lead to dividends of $1.15 at time 1 and $1.32 at time 2. After that, dividends are expected to grow at a constant 5%. Correspondingly, the dividend at time 3 is expected to be $1.39, Given a required rate of return of 7%, use a multi-stage dividend discount model to find the intrinsic value of Coke. Give your answer to the nearest cent (i.e. two decimal places). $_____
Using the multi-stage dividend discount model, the intrinsic value of Coke can be calculated as the present value of future dividends. With a required rate of return of 7%, the intrinsic value is $29.54.
The present value of Coke's dividends can be calculated as follows:
Year 1: D1 = $1.00 × 1.15 = $1.15
Year 2: D2 = $1.15 × 1.15 = $1.32
Year 3: D3 = $1.32 × 1.05 = $1.39
After Year 3, dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 5%, so the dividend growth rate (g) is 5%.
To calculate the intrinsic value (P0) of Coke, we can use the multi-stage dividend discount model formula:
[tex]P0 = (D1 / (1 + r)^1) + (D2 / (1 + r)^2) + (D3 / (1 + r)^3) + (D4 / (r - g)) / (1 + r)^3[/tex]
Where:
D1 = Dividend at the end of Year 1 = $1.15
D2 = Dividend at the end of Year 2 = $1.32
D3 = Dividend at the end of Year 3 = $1.39
D4 = Dividend at the end of Year 4 = $1.39 × 1.05 = $1.46
r = Required rate of return = 7%
g = Dividend growth rate after Year 3 = 5%
Plugging in the values, we get:
[tex]P0 = ($1.15 / 1.07) + ($1.32 / 1.07^2) + ($1.39 / 1.07^3) + ($1.46 / (0.07 - 0.05)) / 1.07^3[/tex]
P0 = $1.075 + $1.188 + $1.204 + $26.692
P0 = $30.16
Therefore, the intrinsic value of Coke is $30.16 to the nearest cent.
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if a firm permanently borrows $100 million at an interest rate of 8 percent, what is the present value of the interest tax shield? (assume that the marginal corporate tax rate is 21 percent.)
The present value of the interest tax shield for the firm is $21 million.
How to calculate the present valueWhen a firm borrows money, it receives an interest tax shield, which is a tax deduction on the interest paid.
In this case, the firm has borrowed $100 million at an interest rate of 8 percent, which leads to an annual interest expense of $8 million ($100 million * 0.08).
The marginal corporate tax rate is 21 percent, so the interest tax shield can be calculated as the annual interest expense multiplied by the tax rate.
Interest Tax Shield = Annual Interest Expense * Tax Rate
Interest Tax Shield = $8 million * 0.21
Interest Tax Shield = $1.68 million
The present value of the interest tax shield depends on the time frame and discount rate.
Since it's a permanent loan, the tax shield is a perpetuity, which can be calculated by dividing the annual tax shield by the discount rate.
Assuming the discount rate is equal to the interest rate (8 percent), the present value of the interest tax shield can be calculated as follows:
PV of Interest Tax Shield = Interest Tax Shield / Discount Rate
PV of Interest Tax Shield = $1.68 million / 0.08
PV of Interest Tax Shield = $21 million
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what sales support role contributes to the sales process by providing expertise in the form of product demonstrations and setup, and providing systems integration support?
The sales support role that provides expertise in the form of product demonstrations and setup, and provides systems integration support is commonly known as a Sales Engineer.
A Sales Engineer works closely with the sales team to provide technical support and expertise throughout the sales process, helping to ensure that the product or solution being sold meets the customer's needs and requirements.
They often work with customers to understand their technical requirements, design solutions that meet those requirements, and provide product demonstrations and training.
In addition, Sales Engineers may provide ongoing technical support to customers after the sale, helping to ensure that they are satisfied with the product or solution and maximizing their return on investment.
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The sales support role that provides expertise in the form of product demonstrations and setup, and provides systems integration support is commonly known as a Sales Engineer.
A Sales Engineer works closely with the sales team to provide technical support and expertise throughout the sales process, helping to ensure that the product or solution being sold meets the customer's needs and requirements. They often work with customers to understand their technical requirements, design solutions that meet those requirements, and provide product demonstrations and training. In addition, Sales Engineers may provide ongoing technical support to customers after the sale, helping to ensure that they are satisfied with the product or solution and maximizing their return on investment.
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Sandrine Machinery is a Swiss multinational manufacturing company. Currently, Sandrine's financial planners are considering undertaking a 1-year project in the United States. The project's expected dollar-denominated cash flows consist of an initial investment of $2000 and a cash inflow the following year of $2400. Sandrine estimates that its risk-adjusted cost of capital is 15%. Currently, 1 U.S. dollar will buy 0.73 Swiss franc. In addition, 1-year risk-free securities in the United States are yielding 6%, while similar securities in Switzerland are yielding 3%. Do not round intermediate calculations.
If this project was instead undertaken by a similar U.S.-based company with the same risk-adjusted cost of capital, what would be the net present value and rate of return generated by this project? Round your answers to two decimal places.
NPV = $ _____
Rate of return = _____
What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now? Round your answer to two decimal places.
_____ SF per U.S. $
If Sandrine undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return of the project for Sandrine? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.
NPV = ____Swiss Francs
Rate of return = ____%
To determine the breakeven cash inflow for the project solution, we first take into account annual cash inflows.The breakeven point is now NVP as the moment at which the net present value of the project equals zero, therefore we can say that this is where it is.
COst of capital = 10%
initial investment = $1,000,000
useful life = 15 years.
Cash inflows and outflows at their current values equal zero. 1 This we do know X x PVAF (10%, 15 years)
= Present Value of Cash Inflows
Present value of inflows of cash
= X x 7.6060.
When we enter value into equation 1, we obtain X x 7.6060- $1,000,000 = 0,
which when we solve gives us x 1,000,000
X= 7.6060 X=$131474
Swiss currency spot rate today is $0.60
Swiss franc 1-year forward rate as of right now is $0.63
In a year, the anticipated spot rate will be $0.64.
Rate for Swiss franc-denominated one-year deposits 7%. Rate on deposits for one year in USD is 9%.
Investment amount is $1,000,000. The amount in Swiss francs now equals the amount invested .Swiss franc spot rate today:
$1,000,000 + 0.60 = $1,666,666.67
1 + 0.07 times $1,666,666.67
results in $1,783,333.33 after a year.
1 year Forward value is equal to $1783,333.33 times 0.6, or $1123499.99.
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If you found a well-diversified portfolio with a negative alpha, what could be done to exploit this mispricing?
a. Sell short the well-diversified portfolio
b. Buy the well-diversified portfolio
c. Sell short the well-diversified portfolio and buy a tracking portfolio with the same beta
d. Buy the well-diversified portfolio and sell a tracking portfolio with the same beta
The correct answer is option A: Sell short the well-diversified portfolio.
If a well-diversified portfolio has a negative alpha, it means that it is underperforming relative to its expected return based on its level of risk. This suggests that there may be a mispricing in the market that is causing the portfolio to be undervalued.
By selling short the well-diversified portfolio, an investor can profit from its expected decline in value. This strategy involves borrowing shares of the portfolio from a broker, selling them on the market, and then buying them back later at a lower price to return to the broker. The investor would then make a profit on the difference between the sale price and the buyback price.
It is important to note that selling short involves significant risk, as there is no limit to the potential loss if the price of the portfolio rises instead of falling. Therefore, it is important for investors to carefully consider their risk tolerance and financial goals before pursuing this strategy.
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people are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00. this is because of:
People are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00 because of a pricing strategy called "charm pricing."
Charm pricing is a marketing technique where a product is priced just below a round number, such as $99.99 instead of $100. The idea behind charm pricing is that consumers are more likely to perceive the price as being lower than it actually is and may be more likely to make a purchase as a result.
This is because consumers tend to process prices from left to right, focusing on the first digit rather than the second or third. So, a price of $99.99 is likely to be perceived as being in the $90 range, rather than the $100 range. Additionally, consumers tend to round prices down in their minds, so a price of $99.99 may be mentally rounded down to $99, making it seem like a better deal.
Overall, charm pricing is a common pricing strategy used by marketers to make their products seem more affordable and appealing to consumers.
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People are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00 because of a pricing strategy called "charm pricing." Charm pricing is a marketing technique.
where a product is priced just below a round number, such as $99.99 instead of $100. The idea behind charm pricing is that consumers are more likely to perceive the price as being lower than it actually is and may be more likely to make a purchase as a result. This is because consumers tend to process prices from left to right, focusing on the first digit rather than the second or third. So, a price of $99.99 is likely to be perceived as being in the $90 range, rather than the $100 range. Additionally, consumers tend to round prices down in their minds, so a price of $99.99 may be mentally rounded down to $99, making it seem like a better deal. Overall, charm pricing is a common pricing strategy used by marketers to make their products seem more affordable and appealing to consumers.
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who can become a principal and who can become an agent? group of answer choices any person can become a principal and any person can become an agent. no answer text provided. a person must have contractual capacity to be a principal, but any person can become an agent. any person can become a principal, but an agent has to have the capacity to contract.
Answer:
Explanation:
Generally, in a business relationship, the principal and agent relationship requires being either an employee/employer relationship
All the following are examples of variable costs, except. a. labor costs. b. cost of raw materials. c. accounting fees. d. electricity cost.
The correct answer is c. accounting fees.
Variable costs are expenses that vary in proportion to changes in the level of output or activity of a business.
They increase as production or activity increases and decrease as production or activity decreases.
Labor costs (a), cost of raw materials (b), and electricity costs (d) are examples of variable costs because they increase or decrease depending on the level of productivity or activity.
Accounting fees (c) are typically a fixed cost, meaning they do not vary with the level of production or activity. Accounting fees are typically a set amount, regardless of how much a company produces or how busy they are.Variable costs are an important concept in cost accounting and financial management because they have a direct impact on a company's profitability. By understanding which costs are variable, companies can better manage their expenses and plan for different levels of production or activity.
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Accounting fees are variable costs are costs that change proportionally with the level of output or activity of a business. They are expenses that increase or decrease as production or sales increase or decrease.
The three examples of variable costs listed are:
a. Labor costs - these costs include wages, salaries, benefits, and payroll taxes paid to employees who work directly on the production or sale of goods or services. As production or sales increase, labor costs increase, and vice versa.
b. Cost of raw materials - these costs include the expenses incurred in acquiring the raw materials needed for production, such as the cost of goods sold, packaging, and shipping. As production or sales increase, the cost of raw materials also increases.
c. Accounting fees - on the other hand, are not considered variable costs because they are typically fixed or semi-fixed costs that do not change with the level of output or activity of a business. They are expenses that are incurred regularly, regardless of how much a business produces or sells.
d. Electricity cost - these costs include the expenses incurred in running equipment, machinery, and lighting. As production or sales increase, the electricity costs also increase.
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bmw was offered significant tax incentives to open a factory in south carolina, where real estate prices are lower than many other parts of the country. this relates to which consideration when selecting a new facility location?
This relates to the consideration of cost when selecting a new facility location.
Tax incentives and lower real estate prices in a particular region can significantly impact the overall cost of establishing and operating a facility. By choosing a location with lower costs, a company can reduce its expenses and potentially increase its profitability. Therefore, the availability of tax incentives and lower real estate prices are often important factors that companies consider when selecting a new facility location.
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