Answer:
The protein, lipid, and carbohydrate compositions of the cytoplasmic and extracellular sides of membranes are different from one another , this happens because the two sides of a cell membrane face different environments and carry out different functions.
Explanation:
PROTEINS , LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATES , all are the components of the plasma membrane , located at different sites .
PROTEINS -: The main component of plasma membranes is proteins. Two key categories of membrane proteins are available: integral and peripheral. As their name implies, integral membrane proteins are incorporated into the membrane: they have at least one hydrophobic region that anchors them to the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic center. Others just stick partway through the membrane, while others extend from one side of the membrane to the other and on either side are exposed.
On the outside and inside surfaces of membranes, peripheral membrane proteins are found which are bound either to integral proteins or to phospholipids. Peripheral membrane proteins do not stick into the hydrophobic center of the membrane as opposed to integral membrane proteins, and appear to be more loosely bound.
LIPID -: Phospholipids, arranged in a bilayer, make up the plasma membrane 's essential cloth. Since they are amphipathic, they are well-suited for this function, meaning they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
The hydrophilic or "water-loving" component of a phospholipid is its head, which includes a phosphate group that is negatively charged, as well as an additional small group that can also be charged or polar.
Its long, nonpolar fatty acid tails make up the hydrophobic, or "water-fearing," portion of a phospholipid. The tails of fatty acids can interact easily with other non-polar molecules, but interact poorly with water.
CARBOHYDRATES -: The main component of plasma membranes is carbohydrates. In general, they are located on the outer surface of the cells and are either bound to proteins (glycoproteins forming) or to lipids (glycolipids forming). These chains of carbohydrates can consist of 2-60 units of monosaccharide and can either be straight or branched.
Hence , the correct option is B.
Which one of the codons below would stop the translation of mRNA by ribosomal subunits?
UAG, UAA, UGA
AUG, ATG, GTU
CUG, AUG, GUA
ATG, AAG, AAA
CUG hope this helped!!!!!
Answer:
CUG,AUG,GUA
Explanation:
the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene regulation
Answer:
READ THIS
Explanation:
To understand how gene expression is regulated, we must first understand how a gene codes for a functional protein in a cell. The process occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, just in slightly different manners.
Prokaryotic organisms are single-celled organisms that lack a cell nucleus, and their DNA therefore floats freely in the cell cytoplasm. To synthesize a protein, the processes of transcription and translation occur almost simultaneously. When the resulting protein is no longer needed, transcription stops. As a result, the primary method to control what type of protein and how much of each protein is expressed in a prokaryotic cell is the regulation of DNA transcription. All of the subsequent steps occur automatically. When more protein is required, more transcription occurs. Therefore, in prokaryotic cells, the control of gene expression is mostly at the transcriptional level.
Eukaryotic cells, in contrast, have intracellular organelles that add to their complexity. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is contained inside the cell’s nucleus and there it is transcribed into RNA. The newly synthesized RNA is then transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm, where ribosomes translate the RNA into protein. The processes of transcription and translation are physically separated by the nuclear membrane; transcription occurs only within the nucleus, and translation occurs only outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. The regulation of gene expression can occur at all stages of the process (Figure 1). Regulation may occur when the DNA is uncoiled and loosened from nucleosomes to bind transcription factors (epigenetic level), when the RNA is transcribed (transcriptional level), when the RNA is processed and exported to the cytoplasm after it is transcribed (post-transcriptional level), when the RNA is translated into protein (translational level), or after the protein has been made (post-translational level).
Answer:
Prokaryotic gene expression is primarily controlled at the level of transcription. Eukaryotic gene expression is controlled at the levels of epigenetics, transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation.
Answer these 2 in different sentences and i will give whoever is first brainliest
Answer:
Explanation:
1 structural
Physiological
Behavioral.
2.Color matching
Disruptive coloration
why is deforestation a threat to Yellowstone National Park?
Answer:
Deforestation causes loss of animal and plant species due to their lack of habitat. A huge portion of animals and plant species live in forests so if we take that away from them how are they supposed to survive? Not only does deforestation threaten species known to us, but also threatens species we haven't even discovered yet.
Explanation:
This isn't necessarily for Yellowstone but for all national parks ^
During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis which is not produced
A.Oxygen
B.ATP
C.NADPH
D. Glucose
*hurryyyyyyy*
Answer:
D. Glucose
Explanation:
Is toxic chemical pollution a nonpoint source pollution or a point source pollution? I need an actual answer.
Answer:
Excess fertilizers, herbicides and insecticides from agricultural lands and residential areas. Oil, grease and toxic chemicals from urban runoff and energy production.
Explanation:
Hurry plzzzz >_<
How are plant and animal cells similar?
Answer:
Plant and animal cells are similar because both are eukaryotic. Every plant and animal cell has a cell membrane and cytoplasm. In addition, nearly all plant and animal cells have a nucleus.
Explanation:
I got it right
The fraction whose denominator is 8 more than the numarator
Answer:
Explanation:
1/9
Answer:
[tex]\frac{8}{16}[/tex]
Explanation:
which two structures are not found in both animal and plant cells
16. Name one organism that reproduces through binary fission
Answer:
Coral!
Explanation:
I learned this is a biology class a while ago!
Answer:
Bacteria
Explanation:
What is the smallest unit ?
Answer: B) cell
the smallest unit of life is a cell
Complete the statement to describe the sodium-potassium pump.
The sodium-potassium pump moves____
ions into the cell and____
ions out of the cell.
Answer:
The sodium-potassium pump moves potassium
ions into the cell and sodium
ions out of the cell.
Explanation:
Answer:
The sodium-potassium pump moves potassium
ions into the cell and sodium
ions out of the cell.
Explanation:
i got it right on edge
Why should we be concerned about the disappearance of phytoplankton in the oceans
Answer:
The loss of phytoplankton is a huge problem for marine food chains, says Worm, because every creature in the ocean either eats phytoplankton or eats other organisms that depend on it.
Hope this helps!
~PLEASE HELP ME~
The warming of the atmosphere by the trapping of heat being radiated to space is called
a)condensation
b)evaporation
c)the greenhouse effect
d)radiation
Answer:
The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. Solar energy absorbed at Earth's surface is radiated back into the atmosphere as heat. As the heat makes its way through the atmosphere and back out to space, greenhouse gases absorb much of it.
It can be more than one
Answer:
Only the matter stored in body tissues
Explanation:
Cuz the seal took some of the matter for itself :)
Summarize the process of sexual reproduction and explain how variations of inherited traits can increase or decrease an organism’s chance of survival
Answer:
Explanation:
A Human cell has 46 chromosomes. (I’ll use humans to keep things simple). In sexual reproduction both humans have 23 chromosomes, in their sex cells. (Men have 23 in a sperm and women have 23 in an egg cell). These half cells merge to create 1 unique cell, that has characteristics of both male and female. The cells multiply and then a baby is born with a unique set of genes. These cause variations, and remember these variations can carry from generation to generation. As for how variations can increase a chance for survival, variations allow unique gene sets to be made, so that in case of a disease (in this case I’ll use a disease, but it could also include harsh environmental conditions), these unique gene sets may give an individual natural immunity to the disease. How can a variation decrease an organisms chance for survival? Well, s there are many ways that a unique gene set can make it difficult to survive. For example a genetic disease your family has had a history with. These diseases include, but are not limited to, cancer, diabetes, and schizophrenia.
What does lemon juice, snake venom and cyanide have in common?
Answer:
enzymes are protein molecules that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without themselves getting used up. Each enzyme will only speed up a specific reaction, for example, catalase will speed up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen but it will not speed up the breakdown of starch into glucose. Enzymes (e.g. catalase) have active sites with specific shapes that bind to the substrate molecule (e.g. hydrogen peroxide) forming an enzyme-substrate complex. The enzyme-substrate complex then breaks down into the enzyme and product, allowing the enzyme to go on and react with another substrate molecule. Temperature and pH affect enzyme function because they can change the shape of the enzyme’s active site, preventing it from binding to the substrate, just as a broken lock will no longer fit the key. When the shape of an enzyme changes we call this denaturation. Any factor that increases the frequency of collisions between enzymes and substrates (increasing concentration, surface area or temperature) will increase the rate of reaction.
Explanation:
What lemon juice, snake venom and cyanide have in common is hat they are all acidic substances.
An acidic solution is a solution that contains hydrogen ions as its only positive ion in solution. Acidic substances have a sour and turn blue litmus paper red.
What lemon juice, snake venom and cyanide have in common is hat they are all acidic substances.
Learn more about acids: https://brainly.com/question/3930479
Using the law of conservation of mass, what is the mass, in grams, of the product in the given reaction?
Reactant 1 (35 grams)+ Reactant 2 (115 grams) →Product (? grams)
A. 80
B. 140
C. 150
D. 75
Answer:
The correct option is;
C. 150
Explanation:
By the law of conservation of mass we have that in a closed system, the mass of the items in the system can not be destroyed or created by a physical process or chemical reaction
In the given chemical reaction process we have;
Reactant 1 (35 grams) + Reactant 2 (115 grams) → Product = ((35 + 115) grams)
∴ Reactant 1 (35 grams) + Reactant 2 (115 grams) → Product (150 grams)
The mass of the product = 150 grams.
Name and describe the five types of active transport systems.
Answer:
Please Mark as Brainliest. Please!!!!!!!!!!
Explanation:
Definition
Active transport is the process of transferring substances into, out of, and between cells, using energy. In some cases, the movement of substances can be accomplished by passive transport, which uses no energy. However, the cell often needs to transport materials against their concentration gradient. In these cases, active transport is required.
Active transport requires energy to move substances from a low concentration of that substance to a high concentration of that substance, in contrast with the process of osmosis. Active transport is most commonly accomplished by a transport protein that undergoes a change in shape when it binds with the cell’s “fuel,” a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
For example, one type of active transport channel in the cell membrane will bind to the molecule it is supposed to transport – such as a sodium ion – and hold onto it until a molecule of ATP comes along and binds to the protein. The energy stored in ATP then allows the channel to change shape, spitting the sodium ion out on the opposite side of the cell membrane. This type of active transport directly uses ATP and is called “primary” active transport.
Another type of active transport is “secondary” active transport. In this type of active transport, the protein pump does not use ATP itself, but the cell must utilize ATP in order to keep it functioning. This will be explained in more depth in the section on Symport Pumps below.
Lastly, active transport can be accomplished through processes called endocytosis and exocytosis. In exocytosis, a cell moves something outside of itself in large quantities by wrapping it in a membrane called a vesicle and “spitting out” the vesicle. In endocytosis, a cell “eats” something by wrapping and re-forming its membrane around the substance or item.
Each type of active transport is explained in more detail below.
Types of Active Transport
Antiport Pumps
Antiport pumps as an example of active transport
Active transport by antiport pumps
Antiport pumps are a type of transmembrane co-transporter protein. They pump one substance in one direction, while transporting another substance in the opposite direction. These pumps are extremely efficient because many of them can use one ATP molecule to fuel these two different tasks.
One important type of antiport pump is the sodium-potassium pump, which is discussed in more detail under “Examples of Active Transport.”
Symport Pumps
Symport pumps take advantage of diffusion gradients to move substances. Diffusion gradients are differences in concentration that cause substances to naturally move from areas of high to low concentration.
In the case of a symport pump, a substance that “wants” to move from an area of high concentration to low concentration down its concentration gradient is used to “carry” another substance against its concentration gradient.
One example of a symport pump – that of the sodium-glucose transport protein – is discussed below under “Examples of Active Transport.”
Sympoter pump as an example of active transport
Active transport by symporter pumps
Endocytosis
In the third type of active transport, large items, or large amounts of extracellular fluid, may be taken into a cell through the process of endocytosis.
Explain the purpose of cellular respiration .where does it take place ?
Answer:
Cellular respiration, it is an aerobic process in which glucose is combined with oxygen and Adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP).
Cellular respiration takes place in double membraned organelle called mitochondrion.
b) Write about pest control?
Answer:
Pest control is helpful I guess...
Explanation: Pest control uses lots of chemicals and poison stuff to kill those vexing pests but most importantly it kills them its a dangerous job if you don't know what your doing.
Answer:
give the answer in short Press control means when in our home of dirty Cockroaches and small insects then we Press control our house to get out all the dirty insects
Explanation:
Mansa is up to this if this is correct then mark me as a brainliest
Which of the following is a result of too many greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
A: Glaciers melting
B: Sea levels rising
C: Cloud forests drying
Answer:
glaciers melting
Explanation:
thats what i would say
the image down below.
Answer:
4 nethier organic
Explanation:
A scientist crossed two fruit flies in a lab. She was studying the transmission of the alleles that affect wing shape. The dominant allele, C, is the allele for curly wings, and the recessive allele, c, is the allele for straight wings. She knew that one of the parent flies was heterozygous and had curly wings (Cc). Half of the offspring from the cross had curly wings, and the other half had straight wings. Identify the genotype and phenotype of the second parent fly. State the evidence that supports your response.
Answer:
The other fly would have to be a cc
Explanation:
To do this, you can use the square method, one Cc's on the top and one side a cc, when you cross these it gives you Cc, Cc, and cc, cc. Half and half.
Hope this helped!
The other parent was cc.
Genes often occur in pairs. Genes are units of inheritance located in the chromosomes. The pairs in which genes occur are called alleles. In a given pair of alleles, one gene is dominant and the other is recessive.
In this case, the dominant gene is for curly wings and the recessive gene is for straight wings. If one parent is Cc , the other parent must be cc causing half of the offspring from the cross to have curly wings, and the other half to have straight wings.
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/13978139
Summarize how a single change at cellular level can impact the entire body
Answer: A single change at a cellular level can change the way our entire body reacts, functions, and develops. Maintaining homeostasis is vital for our bodies to preform its necessary functions, without constant balance our bodies are unable to properly preform consequently, resulting in sickness and even death.
Explanation:
I used my biology book.
The body has different levels of organization based on structures and functions. The cellular level is the smallest and the basic level of the organization that consists of cells that are capable of division.
A single change at a cellular level can impact the entire body as:
Cellular levels consist of cells of different shapes, sizes and functions. Similar cells make up the tissue to perform functions.A single change can alter the homeostasis of the cell and can bring about a larger impact on the body organization as maintenance of temperature is very important for the living process.The whole body depends upon the cells for instructions of the growth, functioning, signalling and transportation.Therefore, a single change at the cellular level can alter the entire body.
To learn more about the level of body organization follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/12240123
Taxonomists try to group organisms based on?
A. Size
B. Evolutionary relationships
C. Physical appearance
D. Ecological niche
Answer:
B) Evolutionary relationships
Explanation:
While I don't believe in Evolutionary relationships, taxonomists group organisms based on Evolutionary relationships
how are proteins made in animals and humans
Answer:
Through protein synthesis of course...
Explanation:
DNA and RNA do many steps such as translation, transcription, and more to form protein codons and code them into amino acids. Then, thousands of amino acids are oined together to make proteins, which regulate body function and catalyze chemical reactions (enzymes). Ribosomes are also involved in this action. To make proteins, nitrogen is needed for the plant to use, and that comes mainly from nitrate ions in the soil, and gets into the plant by active transport.
what must animals do for celluar respiraton to begin
Answer:
the animal will consume food and inhale oxygen and drink water. the cell will use the oxygen and water to break down the glucose to form energy or ATP
Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between energy and nutrients in an ecosystem?
a. Energy and nutrients flow
b. Energy and nutrients cycle
c. Energy flows and nutrients cycle
d. Energy cycles and nutrients flow
which best explains the mechanism that allows for cell differentiation ?
Answer:
Cellular differentiation
Explanation: