True, the Statute of Frauds operates as a defense to the enforcement of an oral contract for the sale of land. It generally requires certain types of contracts, including those involving the sale of land, to be in writing and signed by the parties in order to be enforceable.
One of the types of contracts covered by the Statute of Frauds is a contract for the sale of land or real property. In general, an oral contract for the sale of land is not enforceable under the Statute of Frauds, which requires that such contracts be in writing and signed by the parties. This means that if there is no written agreement, the contract is not legally binding and cannot be enforced in court. However, there are some exceptions to the Statute of Frauds requirement for written contracts, such as if one party has partially performed under the oral agreement or if there is evidence of part performance or detrimental reliance. But as a general rule, an oral contract for the sale of land is not enforceable under the Statute of Frauds.
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True. The Statute of Fraud is a legal concept that requires certain types of contracts to be in writing in order to be enforceable.
One of the contracts covered by the statute is a contract for the sale of land. Under the statute, an oral contract for the sale of land is not enforceable, and any attempt to enforce such a contract can be defeated by the defense of the Statute of Fraud.
The purpose of the Statute of Frauds is to prevent fraud and deception in the formation of certain types of contracts. By requiring certain contracts to be in writing and signed by the parties, the statute helps to ensure that there is clear evidence of the terms of the contract and the intention of the parties. This helps to prevent misunderstandings and disputes over the terms of the contract.
In summary, the statement in the question is true. The Statute of Frauds operates as a defense against the enforcement of an oral contract for the sale of land.
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Crystal Glass Co. projects to pay $3.80, $4.10, and $4.25 as dividends at the end of the next 3 years, respectively. After that, beginning 4 years from now, the dividend is expected to increase by 2.25 percent annually. What is one share of this stock worth to you today if you require a 12.5 percent rate of return? A. $33.38 B. $36.39 C. $39.38 D. $38.72 E. $45.38
One share of this stock is worth $39.38. The correct answer is C.
The present value of the dividends for the first three years can be found using the formula for the present value of a growing perpetuity:
[tex]PV = D / (r - g) * (1 - (1 + g)^{-n})[/tex]
where D is the dividend, r is the required rate of return, g is the growth rate, and n is the number of periods.
PV1 = 3.80 / (0.125 - 0.0225) * (1 - (1 + 0.0225)⁻³) = 28.53
PV2 = 4.10 / (0.125 - 0.0225) * (1 - (1 + 0.0225)²) = 33.53
PV3 = 4.25 / (0.125 - 0.0225) * (1 - (1 + 0.0225)⁻¹) = 38.50
The present value of the dividends starting in year 4 can be found using the formula for the present value of a growing annuity:
[tex]PV = PMT / (r - g) * (1 - (1 + g)^{-n}) / (1 + r)^n[/tex]
where PMT is the payment, r is the required rate of return, g is the growth rate, and n is the number of periods.
[tex]PV4 = 4.25 * (1 + 0.0225) / (0.125 - 0.0225) * (1 - (1 + 0.0225)^{-\infty) / (1 + 0.125)^3 = 90.85[/tex]
The total present value of the dividends is the sum of the present values of the dividends for the first three years and the present value of the dividends starting in year 4:
PV = PV1 + PV2 + PV3 + PV4 = 191.41
Therefore, one share of this stock is worth $39.38 to an investor who requires a 12.5 percent rate of return. The correct answer is C. $39.38.
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in the current year, erin had the following capital gains (losses) from the sale of her investments: $1,500 ltcg, $25,500 stcg, ($8,500) ltcl, and ($14,500) stcl. what is the amount and nature of erin's capital gains and losses? multiple choice $4,000 net short-term capital gain. $4,000 net long-term capital loss. $4,500 net short-term capital gain. $4,500 net long-term capital loss. none of the choices are correct.
Erin's capital gains and losses are as follows:
- $7,000 net long-term capital loss
- $11,000 net short-term capital gain
In the current year, Erin had the following capital gains (losses) from the sale of her investments: $1,500 LTCG, $25,500 STCG, ($8,500) LTCL, and ($14,500) STCL.
To determine the amount and nature of Erin's capital gains and losses, we will follow these steps:
1. Calculate the net long-term capital gains and losses: $1,500 LTCG - $8,500 LTCL = -$7,000 net long-term capital loss.
2. Calculate the net short-term capital gains and losses: $25,500 STCG - $14,500 STCL = $11,000 net short-term capital gain.
From these calculations, we can see that none of the multiple-choice options provided are correct.
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If all other factors are equal, selecting a lower deductible will _________ your auto insurance premium.A. DecreaseB. IncreaseC. Have no effect on
If all other factors are equal, selecting a lower deductible will B. Increase your auto insurance premium.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. Auto insurance policies generally have two components: the premium and the deductible.
2. The premium is the amount you pay regularly (usually monthly or annually) to maintain your coverage.
3. The deductible is the amount you pay out-of-pocket before the insurance company begins covering the expenses in case of an accident or loss.
4. When selecting a deductible, you have the option to choose between a lower or higher amount.
5. If you choose a lower deductible, it means you'll pay less out-of-pocket in case of an accident or loss, and the insurance company will have to cover more expenses.
6. Since the insurance company takes on more risk with a lower deductible, they compensate for this by increasing your premium.
7. Therefore, selecting a lower deductible increases your auto insurance premium. Remember to carefully consider your financial situation and risk tolerance when choosing a deductible for your auto insurance policy.
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Jonathan Williams is considering an offer to sell his medical practice, allowing him to retire five years early. He has been offered $500,000 for his practice and he can invest this amount in an account earning 10% per year, compounded annually. If the practice is expected to generate the following cash flows should Jonathan accept this offer and retire now?
Year Cash Flow
1 $150,000
2 $150,000
3 $135,000
4 $115,000
5 $100,000
In evaluating the offer to sell his medical practice, Jonathan Williams must consider the present value of the cash flows associated with it.
If the practice is expected to generate the cash flows noted above, then the offer of $500,000 is likely to be a reasonable one. This amount, invested in an account earning 10% per year compounded annually, would generate a total of $825,000 over the five years.
This amount is significantly higher than the cash flows associated with the practice, indicating Jonathan should accept the offer and retire early.
Furthermore, the offer of $500,000 provides Jonathan with the ability to retire five years early, allowing him to enjoy the rest of his life free from the stress of running a practice. Therefore, Jonathan should accept the offer and retire early.
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Cost of equity: SML Stan is expanding his business and will sell common stock for the needed funds. If the current risk free rate is 6.1% and the expected market return is 15.3%, what is the cost of equity for Stan if the bota of the stock is a. 0.622 b. 0.82? c. 1.022 d. 1.272 a. What is the cost of equity for Stan if the beta of the stock is 0.62? 0% (Round to two decimal places.)
The cost of equity for Stan if the beta of the stock is 0.62 is 11.804%.
The cost of equity for Stan if the beta of the stock is 0.62 can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):
The return a company gives to equity investors, such as shareholders, as compensation for the risk they took by investing their money, is known as the cost of equity.
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Expected market return - Risk-free rate)
Substituting the given values, we get:
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 0.62 x (15.3% - 6.1%)
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 0.62 x 9.2%
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 5.704%
Cost of equity = 11.804%
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The cost of equity for Stan if the beta of the stock is 0.62 can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):The return a company gives to equity investors, such as shareholders, as compensation for the risk they took by investing their money, is known as the cost of equity.
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Expected market return - Risk-free rate).
Substituting the given values, we get:
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 0.62 x (15.3% - 6.1%)
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 0.62 x 9.2%
Cost of equity = 6.1% + 5.704%
Cost of equity = 11.804%
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when organizing notes for an investigative report, investigators should: question 3 options: use a table of contents. place the notes in concurrent order. use headings to guide the reader. prepare an exhibit list.
When organizing notes for an investigative report, investigators should take several steps to ensure a clear and concise presentation of information. It is essential to use headings to guide the reader through the various sections of the report.
Headings help to break down complex information, making it easier to understand and follow. Additionally, investigators should place the notes in a logical, concurrent order. This chronological arrangement helps maintain a coherent narrative and allows the reader to follow the investigation's progress.
Preparing an exhibit list is another crucial aspect of organizing notes for an investigative report. An exhibit list provides an overview of all the evidence gathered and serves as a reference point for the reader, ensuring that crucial details are easily accessible.
While a table of contents can be helpful in longer documents, it is not always necessary for an investigative report, as concise and well-structured headings can often serve the same purpose.
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You have collected Sanofi Inc's historical earnings per share information up to the end of year 2020. You have determined that the average growth rate of earnings is 12%. The 2020 year-end EPS amounted to R21.78. Based on your analysis of Sanofis fundamentals you estimate that the firm's earnings will continue to grow at its average historical growth rate for the next year but that in the following year, as a result of the launch of a new product the firm is currently developing, earnings will grow at a rate of 20% per year for two years. After this, you project that the earnings growth rate will decrease by 10% for the next year, to its long-term sustainable rate. You project that the firm will maintain a 50% dividend pay-out ratio and that the appropriate market capitalisation rate for Sanofi Inc is 15%.
You currently have 100 shares of Sanofi, Your expected dividend amount in 2021 is equal to R ___round off your answer to two decimal places. If the firm's shares are currently trading at R620 per share, you will buy/sell/hold) ___the shares because they are (undervalued/overvalued correctly valued)___ as the intrinsic value is equal to R ___round off your answer to two decimal places. The terminal value at the end of the 4th year is equal to R___ round off your answer to the nearest whole number
Your expected dividend amount in 2021 is equal to R 13.07.
You should hold the shares because they are correctly valued as the intrinsic value is equal to R 620. The terminal value at the end of the 4th year is equal to R 1204.
1. Calculate 2021 EPS: R21.78 * 1.12 = R24.39
2. Calculate 2021 dividend: R24.39 * 0.50 = R12.20
3. Calculate 2022 EPS: R24.39 * 1.20 = R29.27
4. Calculate 2022 dividend: R29.27 * 0.50 = R14.64
5. Calculate 2023 EPS: R29.27 * 1.20 = R35.12
6. Calculate 2023 dividend: R35.12 * 0.50 = R17.56
7. Calculate 2024 EPS: R35.12 * 0.90 = R31.61
8. Calculate 2024 dividend: R31.61 * 0.50 = R15.81
9. Calculate intrinsic value: [R12.20/(1.15)] + [R14.64/(1.15²)] + [R17.56/(1.15³)] + [(R15.81+R1204)/(1.15⁴)] = R 620
10. Terminal value calculation: R31.61 * (1-0.1)/(0.15-0.1) = R 1204
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Marisa is a new marketing analyst for the Paragould Hotel chain. She is reviewing the hotel's current social media activities and trying to classify where each will fit into the three main areas the company wants to focus on. 1) Give your customers a specific hashtag and CTA so you can easily monitor and reward mentions. 2) Assign a social currency or value to the social actions your consumers take. 3) Be prepared to surprise and delight someone for his or her actions as they happen
Using good customer experiences and/or unexpected rewards like presents or one-of-a-kind events, surprise and delight is a marketing strategy that draws in and nurtures current and new customers. The value that information has when it is shared among people is known as social currency.
People want to keep sharing things when they have a positive social currency. In essence, it's a strategy for using the influence of customer recommendations and reviews to increase brand loyalty and consumer trust. Influence can be gained by individuals in several ways. As subject matter experts, they might post compelling information on social media that draws an audience.
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on the mission statement page of the acga website, they state that community gardening improves people's _____ by providing a catalyst to multiple community and personal benefits.
On the mission statement page of the ACGA website, they state that community gardening improves people's well-being by providing a catalyst to multiple community and personal benefits.
The Asian Corporate Governance Association (ACGA) is a membership organization that is independent and not for profit. Its mission is to collaborate with investors, businesses, and regulators to implement efficient corporate governance practices throughout Asia.
These benefits can include access to fresh produce, increased physical activity, social connections, environmental education, and improved mental health. Overall, community gardening has been shown to strengthen communities, promote sustainability, and enhance the overall health and happiness of participants.
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Caspian Sea Drinks is considering buying the J-Mix 2000. It will allow them to make and sell more product. The machine cost $1.65 million and create incremental cash flows of $479,787.00 each year for the next five years. The cost of capital is 11.09%. What is the internal rate of return for the J-Mix 2000?
The internal rate of return (IRR) for the J-Mix 2000 is 15.28%. The IRR is a metric used to measure the profitability of an investment.
It is calculated by discounting the cash flows of the investment and finding the rate of return it will generate. In this case, the J-Mix 2000 has an initial cost of $1.65 million and generates incremental cash flows of $479,787.00 each year for the next five years.
When we discount these cash flows using the cost of capital of 11.09%, we find that the IRR of the J-Mix 2000 is 15.28%. This means that the investment will generate a 15.28% return over its lifetime, making it a profitable investment for Caspian Sea Drinks.
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Metal company budgeted $563,000 manufacturing direct wages, 2,000 direct labor hours, and had the following manufacturing overhead:
(Overhead Cost Pool) (Budgeted (Budgeted Level (Overhead Cost Driver)
Overhead Cost) for Cost Driver)
Materials handling $ 160,000 4,000 pounds Weight of materials
Machine setup 18,800 470 setups Number of setups
Machine repair 1,860 31,000 machine hours Machine hours
Inspections 14,400 240 inspections Number of inspections
Requirements for Job #971 which manufactured 4 units of product:
Direct labor 25 hours
Direct materials 210 pounds
Machine setup 40 setups
Machine hours 15,800 machine hours
Inspections 20 inspections
Using ABC, the materials handling overhead cost assigned to Job #971 is:
Multiple Choice
$3,250.
$1,200.
$8,400.
$948.
$1,600.
As a result, utilizing ABC for direct wages , Work #971's overhead cost for materials handling comes to $8,400. Option C is the Correct answer.
We need to first identify the predefined overhead rate for each overhead cost pool in order to compute the materials handling overhead cost associated with Task #971 using ABC:
Budgeted Overhead Cost divided by the budgeted Level of Cost Driver yields the predetermined overhead rate.
To handle materials:
This predefined overhead rate can be used to establish the materials handling overhead cost related to Work #971:
Predetermined Overhead Rate = $160,000 / 4,000 pounds
Predetermined Overhead Rate = $40 per pound
Materials handling overhead cost assigned to Job #971 = Actual Level of Cost Driver * Predetermined Overhead Rate
Materials handling overhead cost assigned to Job #971 = 210 pounds * $40 per pound
Materials handling overhead cost assigned to Job #971 = $8,400
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Correct Question:
Metal company budgeted $563,000 manufacturing direct wages, 2,000 direct labor hours, and had the following manufacturing overhead:
(Overhead Cost Pool) (Budgeted (Budgeted Level (Overhead Cost Driver)
Overhead Cost) for Cost Driver)
Materials handling $ 160,000 4,000 pounds Weight of materials
Machine setup 18,800 470 setups Number of setups
Machine repair 1,860 31,000 machine hours Machine hours
Inspections 14,400 240 inspections Number of inspections
Requirements for Job #971 which manufactured 4 units of product:
Direct labor 25 hours
Direct materials 210 pounds
Machine setup 40 setups
Machine hours 15,800 machine hours
Inspections 20 inspections
Using ABC, the materials handling overhead cost assigned to Job #971 is:
Multiple Choice
1. $3,250.
2. $1,200.
3. $8,400.
4. $948.
5. $1,600.
The manufacturing overhead rate is $65.80 per direct labor hour, and the total manufacturing overhead is $131,600.
Determine the direct labor rate per hour.
Direct labor rate per hour = Total direct wages / Total direct labor hours
Direct labor rate per hour = $563,000 / 2,000 hours
Direct labor rate per hour = $281.50
Calculate the total cost for machine setups.
Total cost for machine setups = Number of setups * Cost per setup
Total cost for machine setups = 40 setups * $3,250
Total cost for machine setups = $130,000
Calculate the total manufacturing overhead.
Total manufacturing overhead = Machine setup costs + Other overhead costs
Total manufacturing overhead = $130,000 + $1,600
Total manufacturing overhead = $131,600
Calculate the manufacturing overhead rate per direct labor hour.
Manufacturing overhead rate = Total manufacturing overhead / Total direct labor hours
Manufacturing overhead rate = $131,600 / 2,000 hours
Manufacturing overhead rate = $65.80 per direct labor hour
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You have recently been hired as a financial analyst for a children's toy manufacturing company. The company is growing and has capital to invest in expansion projects. Currently, your business is financed entirely with equity – there is no debt. However, shareholders have decided to consider issuing debt that would be used to buy back common shares, which will change the company's capital structure and introduce a financial leverage effect.
The current financial structure is as follows: the company's assets have a market value of $12 million. There are currently 400,000 shares outstanding and the stock price is $30 - there is no debt.
The scenario to consider would be as follows: a bond issue that could return $3 million, the coupon rate would be set at 6% for a required return of 6%. It is assumed that the restructuring would have no effect on the share price.
For your analysis, three profitability scenarios will be studied: pessimistic with an EBIT of $450,000, normal with an EBIT of $750,000 and optimistic with an EBIT of $1,050,000. You perform the analysis in a non-tax context.
Questions:
a) Make a comparative table of the current financial structure vs the proposed structure for your company.
b) Make a table leading to the calculation of the return on equity and the EPS of the current financial structure according to the three EBIT scenarios retained.
c) Make a table leading to the calculation of the return on equity and the EPS of the proposed financial structure according to the three EBIT scenarios retained.
d) Calculate the degree of financial leverage for the current financial structure based on the EBIT of the normal scenario
e) Calculate the degree of financial leverage for the proposed financial structure based on the normal scenario EBIT.
f) Calculate the EBIT which is called the "point of indifference" to help shareholders decide whether or not to change the financial structure.
a) The comparative table for the current financial structure vs the proposed structure is as follows:
Current Structure Proposed Structure
Assets $12 million $15 million
Equity $12 million $12 million
Debt $0 $3 million
Shares 400,000 400,000
Share price $30 $30
b) The table for the return on equity and EPS of the current financial structure according to the three EBIT scenarios is:
Pessimistic Normal Optimistic
EBIT $450,000 $750,000 $1,050,000
Interest $0 $0 $0
Earnings $450,000 $750,000 $1,050,000
ROE 3.75% 6.25% 8.75%
EPS $1.125 $1.875 $2.625
c) The table for the return on equity and EPS of the proposed financial structure according to the three EBIT scenarios is:
Pessimistic Normal Optimistic
EBIT $450,000 $750,000 $1,050,000
Interest $180,000 $180,000 $180,000
Earnings $270,000 $570,000 $870,000
ROE 2.25% 4.75% 7.65%
EPS $0.675 $1.425 $2.175
d) The degree of financial leverage for the current financial structure based on the EBIT of the normal scenario is:
Degree of financial leverage = EBIT / (EBIT - Interest) = $750,000 / ($750,000 - $0) = 1
e) The degree of financial leverage for the proposed financial structure based on the normal scenario EBIT is:
Degree of financial leverage = EBIT / (EBIT - Interest) = $750,000 / ($750,000 - $180,000) = 1.429
f) The "point of indifference" EBIT can be calculated using the following formula:
EBIT = (Interest expense + Equity return of current structure) / (1 - Tax rate)
Since the scenario is non-taxable, we can simplify the formula to:
EBIT = Interest expense + Equity return of current structure
For the current structure, the equity return is:
Equity return = EBIT x (1 - tax rate) = $750,000 x (1 - 0) = $750,000
The interest expense for the proposed structure is:
Interest expense = Debt x Interest rate = $3 million x 6% = $180,000
Therefore, the "point of indifference" EBIT is:
EBIT = $750,000 + $180,000 = $930,000
This means that if the EBIT is greater than $930,000, the proposed financial structure would result in higher earnings per share compared to the current structure.
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the factor used most often when underwriting a disability income policy isa. annual earningsb. sex of the insuredc. marital statusd. occupation
The factor used most often when underwriting a disability income policy is occupation. The correct option is D.
When determining the premium and coverage for a disability income policy, insurance companies primarily consider the policyholder's occupation. This is because certain jobs have higher risks of injury or illness, which could lead to a disability.
A person's occupation plays a significant role in assessing the likelihood of a claim being filed and the potential payout for a disability.
While other factors, such as annual earnings, sex of the insured, and marital status, may also be taken into account during the underwriting process, occupation remains the primary factor in determining the terms and conditions of a disability income policy.
Insurance companies may also use these factors in conjunction with occupation to further refine their risk assessment, but occupation will still have the most significant impact on the underwriting process.
Complete question:
The factor used most often when underwriting a disability income policy is:
a. annual earnings
b. sex of the insured
c. marital status
d. occupation
The factor used most often when underwriting a disability income policy is occupation.
Explanation:The factor used most often when underwriting a disability income policy is occupation. When determining the premium for a disability income policy, insurance companies consider the nature of the insured's occupation, as certain occupations carry different levels of risk for disability. For example, a construction worker may have a higher risk of a disabling injury compared to an office worker. Therefore, the occupation of the insured is an important factor in underwriting a disability income policy.
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"The rate of unemployment of a country can be increased_____.a. encouraging foreign firms to establish subsidiaries that produce the same
products local firms produce.
b. encouraging foreign firms to establish licensing arrangements for products
local firms produce.
c. encouraging foreign firms to establish subsidiaries that produce products
local firms do not produce.
d. none of the above would reduce employment.
The rate of unemployment in a country can be increased by encouraging foreign firms to establish subsidiaries that produce the same products local firms produce or establishing licensing arrangements for products local firms produce.
When foreign corporations create subsidiaries that produce the same products as local firms or establish licensing arrangements for items produced by local enterprises, local firms may face greater competition. As a result, local businesses may lose market share and income, leading to downsizing and layoffs. This may lead to a rise in the country's unemployment rate.
In contrast, encouraging foreign corporations to create subsidiaries that provide things that local firms do not produce can have a favorable influence on employment. This can result in the development of new jobs, which can help to lower the unemployment rate.
Overall, governments must carefully assess the impact of foreign investment on domestic businesses and labor markets. While the foreign investment may provide advantages such as job creation and economic progress, it can also have negative implications such as rising unemployment if it is not effectively handled.
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A firm operating in perfect capital markets has a capital structure consisting of 10% debt and 90% equity. The firm's managers decide to "lever up" their company by borrowing a great deal of money and using the proceeds to retire most of the outstanding stock. After this recapitalization takes place, the capital structure weights are 90% debt and 10% equity. Which statement below is most likely to be false according to Modigliani and Miller?
A. The overall risk of the firm will be higher after the recapitalization than it was previously.
B. After the firm increases debt from 10% to 90% of the firm's capital structure, the cost of debt will rise to reflect the increased risk of the company's debt.
C. The equity remaining in the firm after the recapitalization is much more risky than the equity that was in place before the recapitalization.
D. The value of the company will remain the same in spite of such a dramatic change in its capital structure.
According to Modigliani and Miller's theory, the statement which is most likely to be false is Statement D. The value of the company will remain the same in spite of such a dramatic change in its capital structure.
According to M&M's propositions, the value of a firm is determined by its operating income and investment decisions, not its capital structure, in perfect capital markets. However, in real-world situations, capital markets are not perfect, and factors such as taxes, bankruptcy costs, and agency costs can influence a firm's value.
Therefore, it is unlikely that the value of the company will remain the same after such a dramatic change in its capital structure, as it introduces higher financial risk and may affect the company's cost of capital.
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assume that a series of inflation rates three consecutive years is 1 percent, 2 percent, and 4 percent, while nominal interest rates in the same three periods are 5 percent, 5 percent, and 6 percent, respectively. further assume that expected inflation in each period equals the realized inflation in the previous period. if someone lends money in beginning of period 2, for one year, based on the expected inflation at the time, what will be the change in his/her actual real interest rate relative to the expected one?
Based on the information given, the change in the actual real interest rate relative to the expected one is a decrease of 1 percentage point.
To calculate the change in the actual real interest rate relative to the expected one, we need to first calculate the expected and actual real interest rates.
The expected real interest rate at the beginning of period 2 is:
Expected Real Interest Rate = Nominal Interest Rate - Expected Inflation Rate
Expected Real Interest Rate = 5% - 1% = 4%
The actual real interest rate at the end of period 2 is:
Actual Real Interest Rate = Nominal Interest Rate - Actual Inflation Rate
Actual Real Interest Rate = 5% - 2% = 3%
To calculate the change in the actual real interest rate relative to the expected one, we need to subtract the expected real interest rate from the actual real interest rate:
Change in Actual Real Interest Rate = Actual Real Interest Rate - Expected Real Interest Rate
Change in Actual Real Interest Rate = 3% - 4% = -1%
Therefore, the actual real interest rate is lower than the expected real interest rate by 1 percentage point.
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A project has the following estimated data: price = $95 per unit; variable costs = $42.75 per unit, fixed costs = $5,700; required return = 13 percent; initial investment = $12,000; life = six years. Ignore the effect of taxes.
What is the degree of operating leverage at the financial break-even level of output?
At the financial break-even point, the degree of operating leverage is infinite or undefined. This means that a small change in sales volume beyond the financial break-even point can have a significant impact on the company's operating income.
To calculate the DOL at the financial break-even level of output, we first need to determine the financial break-even point. The financial break-even point is the level of sales where the company's total revenue equals its total costs, including fixed costs and variable costs.
Financial break-even point = (Fixed costs) / (Price - Variable costs), Financial break-even point = $5,700 / ($95 - $42.75), Financial break-even point = 200 units. At the financial break-even level of output, the company's total revenue is equal to its total costs, including fixed costs and variable costs. Therefore, the company's operating income is also equal to its fixed costs.
Operating income at financial break-even point = Total revenue - Total variable costs - Fixed costs, Operating income at financial break-even point = (200 units x $95 per unit) - (200 units x $42.75 per unit) - $5,700 Operating income at financial break-even point = $9,500
Therefore, at the financial break-even point, the DOL is infinite or undefined. This means that a small change in sales volume beyond the financial break-even point can have a significant impact on the company's operating income
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workers from the parent company of an organization are called ______. multiple choice question. expatriates inpatriates host-country nationals third-country nationals
Workers from the parent company of an organization are called expatriates. The correct option is A
Expatriates are employees who have been sent by their parent company to work in a foreign subsidiary or branch of the organization. They often have specific skills or expertise that the company needs in the host country.
In contrast, inpatriates are employees from a foreign subsidiary who are transferred to the parent company's headquarters. Host-country nationals are local employees hired by a multinational organization in the country where the subsidiary is located.
Lastly, third-country nationals are employees hired from a different country than both the parent company and the subsidiary. Expatriates play a crucial role in the global expansion of an organization, bringing valuable knowledge and experience to the host-country operations.
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Annabeth's Interiors is considering a project with a sales price of $12.60, variable cost per unit of $9.30, and annual fixed costs of $135,300. The tax rate is 23 percent and the discount rate is 14 percent. The project requires $232,000 of fixed assets that will be worthless at the end of the 7-year project. What is the present value break-even point in units per year if the firm uses straight line depreciation?
PV Break-even = ________ units
**Note: partial units cannot be sold.
Please do not round until the final step. Please also demonstrate ALL steps. I really want to understand how to reproduce this on my own. Thank you!
The PV break-even point in units per year for Annabeth's Interiors is 16,580 units.
To calculate the PV break-even point, we need to find the annual fixed costs after depreciation, which is $101,000 ($135,300 - $232,000/7). Then, we can use the formula:
PV of total contribution margin = PV of total fixed costs
Where PV of total contribution margin = (sales price - variable cost) x quantity x PV factor
And PV of total fixed costs = fixed costs after depreciation x PV factor
Substituting the given values, we get:
(12.60 - 9.30) x Q x 3.433 = 101,000 x 3.433
Q = 16,580 units
This means that Annabeth's Interiors needs to sell at least 16,580 units per year to cover all their costs and break even in present value terms. It's important to note that this assumes straight line depreciation and all other given assumptions hold true.
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the charlton co. had three operating segments with the following information: pens pencils erasers sales to outsiders $ 11,450 $ 5,800 $ 8,900 intersegment revenues 960 1,500 2,070 in addition, revenues generated at corporate headquarters are $1,500. combined segment revenues are calculated to be
All three segments have revenue of the minimum requirement of $1,022.67, so they are all considered separately reportable.
To determine if a business segment is considered separately reportable, the segment's revenue must be at least 10% of the combined revenue of all operating segments.
First, we need to calculate the total revenue of all operating segments by adding the sales to outsiders and intersegment revenues for each segment:
Total revenue of all operating segments = $11,450 + $5,800 + $8,900 + $960 + $1,500 + $2,070
= $30,680
Calculate the minimum revenue required for each segment to be considered separately reportable by multiplying the total revenue by 10% and then dividing the result by 3, since there are three operating segments:
Minimum revenue for each segment = ($30,680 x 10%) ÷ 3
= $1,022.67
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The complete question is:
The Charlton Co. had three operating segments with the following information:
Pens Pencils Erasers
Sales to outsiders $11,450 $5,800 $8,900
Intersegment revenues 960 1,500 2,070
In addition, revenues generated at corporate headquarters are $1,500.
What is the minimum amount of revenue that each of these segments must earn to be considered separately reportable?
wayne sells fire protection systems to companies and government agencies. he has a yearly sales goal and receives a percentage of this goal for each system he sells; the more he sells, the more money he makes. how is wayne being compensated?
Wayne sells fire protection systems to companies and government agencies. He has a yearly sales goal and receives a percentage of this goal for each system he sells; the more he sells, the more money he makes. Wayne is being compensated through "a commission-based pay structure".
In a commission-based pay structure, an employee is paid a percentage of the sales they generate or a flat fee for each sale they make. This incentivizes the employee to sell as much as possible, as their compensation is directly tied to their sales performance.
In Wayne's case, his compensation is tied to his yearly sales goal and the percentage of the goal he achieves through the sale of fire protection systems. This motivates him to work hard to meet or exceed his sales goal, as doing so will result in a higher commission payment.
Therefore, Wayne is being compensated through a commission-based pay structure.
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ogliopoly is an industry with only a small number of producers. True or False
The statement: Oligopoly is an industry with only a small number of producers is TRUE.
An oligopoly is an industry with only a small number of producers. In an oligopoly, each producer has a significant market share, giving them a degree of market power to influence prices and other market variables. Because there are only a few firms in the industry, each firm's decisions and actions can have a significant impact on the market as a whole.
Oligopolies can take many forms, depending on the level of concentration in the industry and the nature of the competition among firms. In some cases, oligopolies may engage in collusive behavior, such as price fixing or market sharing, to maintain their market power and profits. In other cases, firms may compete aggressively on price, quality, or other factors to gain market share and differentiate themselves from competitors.
Examples of oligopolies include the telecommunications industry, where a few large companies dominate the market, and the automotive industry, where a handful of major manufacturers control the majority of sales.
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which of the strategies for expanding sales revenue below presents the most risk for an organization?
The strategy that presents the most risk for an organization is likely the one that involves launching a new and untested product or service.
The strategy which bring the risk of organizationThis is because it requires a significant investment of resources, including time, money, and personnel, without any guarantee of success.
If the product or service fails to gain traction in the market, the organization could be left with significant losses and a damaged reputation.
Additionally, if the product or service is poorly designed or executed, it could lead to customer dissatisfaction, which could further harm the organization's reputation and sales revenue.
Therefore, launching a new and untested product or service carries the most risk for an organization seeking to expand its sales revenue.
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Question 2 of 7. Part 2635, 18 United States Code Section 208 prohibits you from working on Government matters that will affect your own personal financial interest or the financial interests of certain other people, including which three of the following? Any organization in which you are serving as an officer, director, trustee, general partner or employee Any person or organization with whom you are negotiating or have an arrangement for future employment Your spouse, minor child, or general partner Any organization in which you are volunteering as yourself
These people include any organization in which the individual is serving as an officer, director, trustee, general partner, or employee; any person or organization with whom the individual is negotiating or has an arrangement for future and their spouse, minor child, or general partner.
This information is typically required to be disclosed in order to avoid conflicts of interest and ensure transparency in business dealings. Failure to disclose such relationships can result in legal and ethical violations.
It is important for individuals to disclose any potential conflicts of interest and recuse themselves from any decisions that may impact their personal financial interests or the financial interests of those mentioned above.
Failure to do so can result in legal and ethical consequences.
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shops near a college consistently get raided by fans after football games. their insurers attach riders to their policies stating damage from raiding will not be covered. the shops enter a non-binding agreement stating if another raid occurs and a store incurs damage, the other businesses will help with the financial burden of the loss. what is this called?
The non-binding agreement entered into by the shops near the college is called a mutual aid agreement or a mutual aid pact.
This non-binding agreement among the shops near the college, where they agree to help each other with the financial burden of losses due to raiding after football games, can be referred to as a mutual aid agreement or a cooperative agreement. This type of agreement is a voluntary arrangement between businesses or organizations to provide assistance to each other in times of need, such as during natural disasters or incidents like the raiding of shops after football games. It is not legally binding, but rather a commitment to help each other out in a spirit of cooperation and mutual support.
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Last year, Talon Technical Services had total revenue of $1.2 million and total client-management-related overhead costs of $78,000. This year, Talon anticipates total client-management-related overhead of $83,850. Talon calculates this estimate using the same activity-based rate it used last year, which means the firm expects total revenue of _____________ for the year ahead.
a. $1,420,000
b. $1,361,850
c. $1,290,000
d. $1,283,850
The expected revenue is given as:
Expected total revenue = $83,850 / 0.065 ≈ $1,420,000
To find the expected total revenue for the year ahead, we can use the activity-based rate from last year. First, we need to determine the rate:
Activity-based rate = (Total client-management-related overhead costs) / (Total revenue)
Rate = $78,000 / $1,200,000 = 0.065
Next, we can use this rate to calculate the expected total revenue:
Expected total revenue = (Expected client-management-related overhead costs) / (Activity-based rate)
Expected total revenue = $83,850 / 0.065 ≈ $1,420,000
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check my work in 1989, the cpi was 124.0. in 1990, it was 130.7. what was the rate of inflation over this period?
The rate of inflation between 1989 and 1990 was 5.40%.
To calculate the rate of inflation between 1989 and 1990, we can use the formula:
(rate of inflation) = [(CPI in 1990 - CPI in 1989) / CPI in 1989] x 100%
(rate of inflation) = [(130.7 - 124.0) / 124.0] x 100%
(rate of inflation) = (6.7 / 124.0) x 100%
(rate of inflation) = 5.40%
Therefore, the rate of inflation between 1989 and 1990 was 5.40%.
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Finance: (Please choose business as a new app similar to Venmo the digital wallet.
Start-Up Expenses
Download and complete the Start-Up Expenses template. In working on this Business Plan, you should already have gathered most, if not all, of the information you need. In the body of this section, be sure to explain all of the assumptions behind the figures. How did you come up with these expenses? If you’ve secured or expect to secure loans, explain the source/s, amount/s and terms. If you’ve secured or expect to secure investors, explain how much each investor will contribute and what percentage of ownership each receives in return.
Be sure to include extra capital for unexpected expenses. Opening a new business almost always ends up costing more than expected, and you need to be prepared. List this figure in the Start-Up Expenses template under "Reserve for Contingencies." How much should you set aside for contingencies? You can talk to other business owners in your industry to get a ballpark figure. If you can’t come up with a figure this way, a good rule of thumb is to set aside 20% to 25% of your total startup costs for contingencies.
Opening Day Balance Sheet
Download and complete the Opening Day Balance Sheet. Use it to detail the expected state of your business finances on opening day. As with the Start-Up Expenses sheet, be sure to explain the assumptions behind the figures.
Personal Financial Statement
If you are using the business plan to seek financing, include personal financial statements for each owner and each major stockholder. The personal financial statements should detail each person’s assets and liabilities outside of the business and their personal net worth. Investors and/or lenders typically expect business owners to use personal assets to finance a startup, and they’ll want to see how much capital you have available from your personal finances.
The start-up expenses template will provide an overview of all expenses needed to get a new business up and running. This includes expenses such as rent, equipment, and supplies.
The assumptions behind the figures will be based on market research and industry knowledge. Loans and investors will also be taken into account when filling out this template. The opening day balance sheet provides a detailed view of the expected state of the business finances on opening day.
This includes the current cash balance, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and any other liabilities or assets. The assumptions behind the figures will be determined by the amount of money available for start-up expenses and the expected income from the business.
Additionally, a reserve for contingencies should be set aside to cover any unexpected costs. Lastly, personal financial statements should be included if seeking financing.
These statements should detail each person’s assets and liabilities outside of the business, as well as their personal net worth. This will provide investors and/or lenders with an idea of the amount of capital that is available and that can be used to finance a startup.
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The before-tax cost of debt is the interest rate that a firm pays on any new debt financing. Omni Consumer Products Company (OCP) can borrow funds at an interest rate of 10.20% for a period of four years. Its marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%. OCP's after-tax cost of debt is (rounded to two decimal places). At the present time, Omni Consumer Products Company (OCP) has 20-year bonds with a face value of $1,000 that are outstanding. These bonds have a current market price of $1, 181.96 per bond, carry a coupon rate of 13%, and distribute annual coupon payments. The company incurs a federal-plus-state tax rate of 40%. If OCP wants to issue new debt, what would be a reasonable estimate for its after-tax cost of debt (rounded to two decimal places)? 7.42% 6.45% 5.16% 5.81%
Based on the information provided, a reasonable estimate for its after-tax cost of debt would be 5.81%.
How to calculate the after-tax cost of debt?First, we can calculate the before-tax cost of debt:
Before-tax cost of debt = 10.20%
Next, we can calculate the after-tax cost of debt:
After-tax cost of debt = Before-tax cost of debt x (1 - Marginal tax rate)
After-tax cost of debt = 10.20% x (1 - 0.40) = 6.12%
For the second part of the question, we need to calculate the current yield-to-maturity of the existing bonds to get an estimate of the before-tax cost of debt. Then we can use the same formula as above to calculate the after-tax cost of debt.
First, we can calculate the annual coupon payment of the bond:
Annual coupon payment = Coupon rate x Face value = 13% x $1,000 = $130
Next, we can use a financial calculator or Excel to calculate the yield-to-maturity of the bond, which is 8.71%.
Now we can calculate the before-tax cost of debt:
Before-tax cost of debt = Yield-to-maturity = 8.71%
Finally, we can calculate the after-tax cost of debt:
After-tax cost of debt = Before-tax cost of debt x (1 - Marginal tax rate)
After-tax cost of debt = 8.71% x (1 - 0.40) = 5.22%
Therefore, a reasonable estimate for OCP's after-tax cost of debt for new debt issuances would be 5.22%, which is closest to option D, 5.81%.
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Of the following options which would be the most appropriate place to keep a security fund (also called an emergency fund or rainy day fund)?
A. In a locked box under your bed
B. In the stock market or a certificate of deposit (CD)
C. In a savings account or a money market fund
D. In your checking account
The most appropriate place to keep a security fund (also called an emergency fund or rainy day fund) would be option c- in a savings account or a money market fund.
Option A, keeping the fund in a locked box under your bed, is not a good idea because the money is not earning any interest and is at risk of loss or theft.
Option B, investing the fund in the stock market or a certificate of deposit (CD), may offer a higher return on investment, but it also carries a higher level of risk, as the value of stocks and CDs can fluctuate, and you may not be able to access your money quickly in case of an emergency.
Option D, keeping the fund in your checking account, is also not a good idea because checking accounts typically offer low interest rates, and the money is easily accessible, which may tempt you to spend it on non-emergency expenses.
A savings account or a money market fund, on the other hand, typically offer higher interest rates than checking accounts, and the money is still easily accessible in case of an emergency. This ensures that you can access your funds quickly and easily when you need them, while also earning some interest on your money.
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