The ultimate responsibility for public policy legislation controlling the waters of the united states is the?

The fastest growing subjects in business schools can vary depending on current trends and demands in the industry. However, two areas that have been consistently gaining popularity are:

1. Data Analytics: With the increasing importance of data-driven decision-making in businesses, coursework related to data analytics has seen significant growth. Students learn techniques for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting large amounts of data to make informed business decisions. For example, they may study statistical analysis, data visualization, and machine learning algorithms to extract valuable insights from data.

2. Entrepreneurship: As entrepreneurship continues to thrive globally, business schools have seen a surge in coursework focused on developing entrepreneurial skills. Students learn about various aspects of starting and managing their own businesses, including business planning, market analysis, financial management, and innovation strategies.

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The primary objective of the early share leader, usually the market pioneer, in a growth market is to establish and solidify its position as the dominant player in the market.

This includes capturing a significant market share, building brand loyalty, and gaining a competitive advantage over potential competitors. Pioneers profit from being early adopters because they create a new market or product category and get a sizable initial market share advantage. When a company enters a market first, it typically has the advantage of developing strong brand recognition and consumer loyalty before competitors do so. The chance to evaluate the new item's market price as well as more time to develop its good or service are two additional advantages.

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We must determine the discrepancy between actual sales and sales at the break-even point in order to determine the margin of safety in dollars.

Sales figures: $900,000.Sales needed to break even: 750 000 Actual sales minus sales at the break-even point is the margin of safety. $900,000 minus $750,000 is the margin of safety. Safety Margin = $150,000 The safety buffer is therefore $150,000. The following formula can be used to determine operating leverage: Contribution Margin / Operating Income is Operating Leverage. Variable costs are subtracted from revenues to determine contribution margin. Sales minus variable costs equals contribution margin. $300,000 minus $150,000 is the contribution margin. Margin of Contribution = $150,000 Sales minus total costs (variable costs + fixed costs) equal operating income. Sales - (Variable Costs + Fixed Costs) = Operating Income. $300,000 - ($150,000 + $100,000) = Operating Income Operating Revenue Operating Income: = $300,000 - $250,000 = $50,000 Contribution Margin / Operating Income is Operating Leverage. $150,000 divided by $50,000 is operating leverage. 3.0 Operating Leverage Since the operational leverage is 3.0, option (a) makes sense.

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China's government is encouraging companies to make the switch from coal to natural gas for the generation of electricity.

As part of its efforts to reduce air pollution and combat climate change, the Chinese government has been actively promoting the transition from coal to cleaner energy sources, such as natural gas. By encouraging companies to shift their electricity generation methods from coal to natural gas, China aims to decrease the environmental impact associated with coal-fired power plants, which are a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. This transition aligns with China's commitment to promoting sustainable development and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The government provides various incentives, policies, and support to incentivize companies to adopt natural gas as an alternative to coal in order to achieve cleaner and more sustainable energy production.

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In the context of price floors, they matter when they are set above the equilibrium price in a market. Price floors are typically implemented to ensure that the price of a good or service does not fall below a certain .

If the equilibrium price for medicinal (isopropyl) alcohol is $7 per pint, the lowest possible binding price floor on a pint would be set at $7 or higher. Setting a price floor below the equilibrium price would not have any practical effect since it would not impact the market dynamics. However, if a price floor is set at or above $7, it would create a legally enforced minimum price, potentially leading to a surplus if the floor exceeds the equilibrium price, as suppliers are unable to sell all their products at the mandated price.level, often to protect producers or maintain a minimum standard.

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The resulting percentage change in the price of the 7-year zero-coupon bond when the YTM changes from 3.4% to 5.5% is approximately 29.61%.

To calculate the resulting percentage change in the price of a 7-year zero-coupon bond when the yield to maturity (YTM) changes from 3.4% to 5.5%, we can use the bond pricing formula for zero-coupon bonds.

The bond pricing formula is:

Price = Face Value / (1 + YTM)^n

Where:

Price = Current price of the bond

Face Value = $1,000 (the face value of the bond)

YTM = Yield to Maturity (expressed as a decimal)

n = Number of years to maturity

First, let's calculate the price of the bond at the initial YTM of 3.4% (0.034 as a decimal):

Price_initial = 1000 / (1 + 0.034)^7

Now, calculate the price of the bond at the new YTM of 5.5% (0.055 as a decimal):

Price_new = 1000 / (1 + 0.055)^7

Now, we can find the percentage change in price:

Percentage Change in Price = (Price_new - Price_initial) / Price_initial * 100

Calculate the values:

Percentage Change in Price = (Price_new - Price_initial) / Price_initial * 100

Percentage Change in Price = ((1000 / (1 + 0.055)^7) - (1000 / (1 + 0.034)^7)) / (1000 / (1 + 0.034)^7) * 100

Now, compute the result:

Percentage Change in Price ≈ 29.61%

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The category of planning that covers a period from a day to 6 months with daily or weekly time increments is known as short-term planning.

Short-term planning is focused on shorter timeframes ranging from a day to several months. It involves setting objectives and making decisions that are more immediate and tactical in nature. This type of planning is commonly used to address operational activities, resource allocation, and specific goals within a relatively short timeframe. Short-term planning typically involves tasks and activities that need to be accomplished in the near future. It may include setting daily or weekly targets, creating schedules, assigning tasks, and ensuring timely execution of plans. This level of planning is particularly important for managing day-to-day operations, addressing immediate challenges, and making adjustments based on current circumstances.

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The amount of Emmitt's liabilities is $20,600.

The amount of Emmitt's liabilities can be calculated by using the basic accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders' Equity.

Rearranging the equation, we can find the liabilities by subtracting the stockholders' equity from the assets.

Liabilities = Assets - Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities = $35,000 - $14,400
Liabilities = $20,600

To find the amount of Emmitt's liabilities, we can use the basic accounting equation, which states that Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders' Equity.

We are given the values of assets ($35,000) and stockholders' equity ($14,400). We can rearrange the equation to solve for liabilities: Liabilities = Assets - Stockholders' Equity. By substituting the given values, we find that Liabilities = $35,000 - $14,400 = $20,600. Therefore, the amount of Emmitt's liabilities is $20,600.

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In summary, the potential for financial statement frauds and the relationship between information providers and users contribute to a natural skepticism among users. It is important for users to exercise due diligence, scrutinize financial statements, and rely on independent audits and regulatory oversight to mitigate the risk of fraud.

Financial statement frauds occur when companies manipulate their financial statements to deceive investors, creditors, or other users of the information. This can lead to a loss of trust and skepticism among users.

The potential for fraud arises from the relationship between information providers (companies) and users (investors, creditors, etc.). Companies may have incentives to misrepresent their financial performance to attract investments or secure favorable credit terms. Users, on the other hand, rely on financial statements to make informed decisions about investing or lending.

This dynamic creates a natural skepticism among users. They become cautious and doubtful about the accuracy and reliability of financial information provided by companies. Users may question the integrity of the reported numbers, suspecting hidden agendas or attempts to deceive.

The consequences of financial statement frauds can be significant. Investors may suffer financial losses, and creditors may face defaults. The reputation of the company may be tarnished, affecting future relationships and opportunities.

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In order to determine the change in deposits, reserves, and loans for each bank in the given scenarios, we need to consider the reserve requirement and the initial conditions.

when a bank receives a $1,000 deposit, the bank can hold $870 as reserves and lend out $130. So, the deposits increase by $1,000, reserves increase by $870, and loans increase by $130.

when a bank loans out $500, the deposits increase by $500, reserves decrease by $500, and loans increase by $500. In scenario 3, when a customer withdraws $200 in cash, the deposits decrease by $200, reserves decrease by $200, and loans remain unchanged.

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The major dimension that sets apart international finance from domestic finance is foreign exchange and political risks.

In international finance, businesses and investors need to consider the risks associated with currency fluctuations and political instability in different countries. This is not a concern in domestic finance, where the currency is stable and the political environment is more predictable.

The foreign exchange risk refers to the potential for losses due to changes in currency exchange rates, while political risks refer to the uncertainty and potential impact on investments caused by political events or policies.

By understanding and managing these risks, businesses and investors can navigate the complexities of international finance successfully.

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In June, Wolfpack Shoe Company had the following transactions, They provided services to customers and received $25,000 in cash. They purchased office supplies on account for $15,000. They paid $6,000 in salaries to employees for work performed during the month.

These transactions reflect the company's cash inflows and outflows. The $25,000 cash received from providing services represents revenue generated by the company. The purchase of office supplies for $15,000 on account means that the company acquired supplies but has yet to pay for them.

Lastly, the payment of $6,000 in salaries indicates the cost of labor for the work performed by employees. In summary, Wolfpack Shoe Company earned $25,000 in revenue, incurred an expense of $6,000 for salaries, and purchased office supplies for $15,000 on account during the month of June.

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Assuming a risk-free rate of 4.9%, a stock with a beta of 1.0, and a required rate of return of 11.6%, we can calculate the return on the market portfolio. In equilibrium, the return on the market portfolio would be 10.7%.

The required rate of return on a stock is determined by its beta, which measures the stock's sensitivity to market movements. In this case, the stock has a beta of 1.0, indicating that it moves in line with the overall market. The required rate of return on the stock is 11.6%.

The risk-free rate is the rate of return on an investment with no risk, typically represented by government bonds. Here, we assume a risk-free rate of 4.9%.In equilibrium, the return on the market portfolio is equal to the risk-free rate plus the product of the stock's beta and the difference between the required rate of return and the risk-free rate. Using the given values, we can calculate the return on the market portfolio.

Return on Market Portfolio = Risk-Free Rate + (Beta * (Required Rate of Return - Risk-Free Rate))

Return on Market Portfolio = 4.9% + (1.0 * (11.6% - 4.9%))

Return on Market Portfolio = 4.9% + (1.0 * 6.7%)

Return on Market Portfolio = 4.9% + 6.7%

Return on Market Portfolio = 11.6%

Therefore, the return on the market portfolio in equilibrium is 11.6%.

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The fair value allocation of an intangible asset is allocated to expense through the process of amortization. In this case, when the asset has no limiting factors, the allocation is typically done evenly over its estimated useful life.

This means that the expense is recognized in a systematic manner over the period that the asset is expected to contribute to the company's operations. This ensures that the costs associated with the asset are properly matched with the revenue it generates.

So, to summarize, the fair value allocation of an intangible asset with no limiting factors is allocated to expense through amortization, which is recognized evenly over its estimated useful life.

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The bond's price can be calculated using the present value formula. The main answer is that the bond's price is the sum of the present values of its future cash flows, which includes the coupon payments and the final principal payment.

To calculate the present value of the bond's coupon payments, we need to determine the cash flow and discount it using the yield to maturity (YTM). In this case, the coupon rate is 8.5% and the par value is $1,000. Since the bond has a 10-year maturity, it will make 10 coupon payments. Each coupon payment will be $1,000 * 8.5% = $85.

Using the YTM of 6.7%, we can discount each coupon payment back to its present value using the formula for present value of a single cash flow: Present value of coupon payment = Coupon payment / (1 + YTM)^n where n is the number of periods until the cash flow occurs. In this case, the cash flow occurs annually for 10 years. Let's calculate the present value of each coupon payment:

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The remaining useful life of the plant asset is 3 years.

To find the remaining useful life of the plant asset, we can use the formula:

Remaining Useful Life = (Cost of the asset - Accumulated Depreciation) / Annual Depreciation Expense

Given:

Cost of the asset (Purchase price) = $60,000

Estimated salvage value = $12,000

Depreciation expense for the current year = $6,000

Accumulated depreciation at the end of the year = $30,000

First, let's calculate the depreciable cost of the asset:

Depreciable Cost = Cost of the asset - Salvage value

Depreciable Cost = $60,000 - $12,000

Depreciable Cost = $48,000

Next, we can calculate the annual depreciation expense using the straight-line method:

Annual Depreciation Expense = Depreciable Cost / Useful Life

Remaining useful life = (Total depreciable cost - Accumulated depreciation) / Annual depreciation expense

Remaining useful life = ($48,000 - $30,000) / $6,000

Remaining useful life = $18,000 / $6,000

Remaining useful life = 3 years

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Interest rate changes can significantly impact our company/industry, affecting borrowing costs, consumer spending, and investment decisions.

Interest rate changes have a profound impact on our company/industry due to their influence on borrowing costs, consumer spending, and investment decisions. When interest rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, making it more expensive for our company to access credit for business expansion, investment in new projects, or working capital needs. This can restrict our ability to grow and may lead to delays in planned initiatives.

Moreover, higher interest rates can also impact consumer spending patterns. When borrowing becomes more expensive, consumers may reduce their spending on big-ticket items such as houses, cars, and durable goods, which can directly affect industries like real estate, automobile manufacturing, and consumer electronics. Decreased consumer spending can lead to reduced demand for our products or services, resulting in lower sales and potential revenue decline.

Furthermore, interest rate changes can influence investment decisions within our industry. Higher interest rates can make investment in long-term projects less attractive, as the cost of capital increases, potentially leading to a decrease in capital expenditure across the industry. This can have a ripple effect on suppliers, contractors, and other businesses connected to our industry's investment ecosystem.

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The accounting cycle has steps for adjusting and closing accounts, this steps are followed by a company to prepare its financial statements and its steps are repeated each reporting period. For that reason, the correct options are the second, third and last.

The accounting cycle (second, third and last options) contains steps for adjusting and closing accounts.The accounting cycle refers to steps followed by a company to prepare its financial statements.The accounting cycle is a series of steps repeated each reporting period.

In accounting, the accounting cycle refers to a series of activities that take place in a specific sequence during each accounting period in order to produce accurate and timely financial statements.

The accounting cycle is a set of ten steps that are followed by a business or organization in order to maintain their financial records and prepare financial statements. The 10 steps of the accounting cycle are:

The accounting cycle is completed on an annual or monthly basis. The accounting cycle contains steps for adjusting and closing accounts that are essential to ensuring that a company’s financial statements are accurate and compliant with generally accepted accounting principles.

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Consumer market sellers focus on individual buyers, while B2B market sellers cater to businesses' specific needs and build long-term partnerships.

Due to the nature of their target clients, business-to-business (B2B) markets and consumer markets have different roles for sellers. In consumer markets, salespeople frequently concentrate on winning over specific buyers by highlighting features, advantages, and emotional appeal. To reach a large audience, they frequently use mass marketing strategies, branding, and advertising. In contrast, vendors in B2B markets treat businesses as their clients and adapt to their unique demands, objectives, and budgets. They focus on long-term collaborations, offer customised solutions, and establish personalized relationships. B2B selling necessitates in-depth industry knowledge, consultative selling abilities, and the capacity to handle intricate business requirements.

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Jacob Inc. should record a gain of $5,000 on December 31, 2021.

To calculate the gain or loss on the sale of the truck, we need to compare the proceeds from the sale to the truck's book value on December 31, 2021.

First, let's determine the annual depreciation expense. The truck's depreciable cost is the original cost minus the estimated residual value, which is $48,000 - $8,000 = $40,000. The annual depreciation expense is calculated by dividing the depreciable cost by the useful life of the truck, which is $40,000 / 8 = $5,000 per year.

Since Jacob Inc. owned the truck for two years, the accumulated depreciation on December 31, 2021, is $5,000 x 2 = $10,000.

The truck's book value on December 31, 2021, is the original cost minus the accumulated depreciation, which is $48,000 - $10,000 = $38,000.

The gain or loss is calculated by subtracting the book value from the proceeds from the sale: $43,000 - $38,000 = $5,000.

Therefore, On December 31, 2021, Jacob Inc. should report a gain of $5,000.

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Monopolies are typically created due to a combination of factors, but they are not typically formed because increasing competition discourages new businesses from entering the industry. In fact, monopolies often arise when there are high barriers to entry that prevent many businesses from effectively competing in the industry.

These barriers to entry can include factors such as significant capital requirements, exclusive access to key resources or technologies, strong brand loyalty, or legal restrictions. When these barriers exist, it becomes difficult for new competitors to enter the market and challenge the existing dominant firm.

While a lack of business interest in an industry can contribute to the establishment of a monopoly, it is usually not the primary driver. In some cases, monopolies may be created or supported by government policies or regulations, either intentionally or unintentionally, but this is not always the case.

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B) in reality, risks and benefits most probably correlate positively because high risks are taken only if they promise great benefits.

In reality, risks and benefits generally correlate positively. High risks are typically undertaken when there is an expectation of substantial benefits. This is because individuals are more likely to engage in risky behavior when they perceive a higher potential payoff or reward. People are inclined to weigh the potential benefits against the associated risks, and if the benefits outweigh the risks, they are more likely to take the risk.

This positive correlation between risks and benefits is commonly observed in various contexts, such as investments, entrepreneurship, and decision-making.

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The entry to record reimbursement of the petty cash fund for postage expense should include a debit to Postage Expense and a credit to Petty Cash.

When reimbursing the petty cash fund for postage expense, the journal entry should reflect the increase in Postage Expense and the decrease in the Petty Cash account. The debit to Postage Expense recognizes the expense incurred for postage, while the credit to Petty Cash reduces the balance of the petty cash fund.

The entry would typically be recorded as follows:

Debit: Postage Expense

Credit: Petty Cash

This entry ensures that the postage expense is properly accounted for in the financial records, and the petty cash fund is replenished for the amount spent on postage.

To record the reimbursement of the petty cash fund for postage expense, a journal entry is made with a debit to Postage Expense and a credit to Petty Cash, reflecting the expense and replenishment of the petty cash fund respectively.

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The entry to record reimbursement of the petty cash fund for postage expense includes a debit to the expense account and a credit to the petty cash account.

The entry to record reimbursement of the petty cash fund for postage expenses should include a debit to the appropriate expense account and a credit to the petty cash account. This entry reflects the increase in the expense account for the postage expense that was paid out of the petty cash fund, and the reduction in the petty cash account balance to reflect the reimbursement. For example, the entry could be:

It is important to ensure that the entry is recorded accurately and supported by proper documentation to maintain accurate financial records.

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The short-run effect of a 10% increase in the money supply for an economy operating in the Keynesian portion of the aggregate supply curve would be an increase in aggregate demand.

This increase in the money supply would lead to an increase in consumer spending and investment, as there is more money available for individuals and businesses to borrow and spend. This increase in aggregate demand would likely lead to an increase in output and employment in the short run.An economy operating in the Keynesian region of the aggregate supply curve would see an increase in aggregate demand in the near term as a result of a 10% rise in the money supply. Given that there is more money available for people and companies to borrow and spend, this rise in the money supply would result in an increase in consumer spending and investment. Short-term increases in output and employment are anticipated to follow this rise in aggregate demand.

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The given net income is $7,300, but based on the calculations, the net income is $6,300.

Based on the given information, we can calculate the net income by subtracting the total expenses from the sales revenue.
Total Expenses = Cost of Goods Sold + Depreciation Expense + Salaries Expense + Rent Expense + Insurance Expense + Interest Expense + Utilities Expense

Total Expenses = $55,000 + $18,500 + $31,000 + $10,300 + $5,100 + $4,900 + $4,100
Total Expenses = $129,900

Net Income = Sales Revenue - Total Expenses
Net Income = $136,200 - $129,900
Net Income = $6,300

The calculated net income is $6,300 as opposed to the stated net income of $7,300. It's possible that there might be some additional income or expenses not mentioned in the question. Without further information, it's difficult to determine the exact reason for the discrepancy.

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The given net income is $7,300, but based on the calculations, the net income is $6,300.

Based on the given information, we can calculate the net income by subtracting the total expenses from the sales revenue.

Total Expenses = Cost of Goods Sold + Depreciation Expense + Salaries Expense + Rent Expense + Insurance Expense + Interest Expense + Utilities Expense

Total Expenses = $55,000 + $18,500 + $31,000 + $10,300 + $5,100 + $4,900 + $4,100

Total Expenses = $129,900

Net Income = Sales Revenue - Total Expenses

Net Income = $136,200 - $129,900

Net Income = $6,300

The calculated net income is $6,300 as opposed to the stated net income of $7,300.

It's possible that there might be some additional income or expenses not mentioned in the question. Without further information, it's difficult to determine the exact reason for the discrepancy.

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An example of a black market is scalping. Scalping refers to the practice of reselling tickets or goods at a significantly higher price than their face value or original cost.

This typically occurs in situations where demand exceeds supply, such as with popular concert tickets or limited-edition items.

Scalpers take advantage of this demand by purchasing the goods or tickets at the regular price and then reselling them at inflated prices, often through unauthorized channels.

These transactions occur outside of the legal and regulated market, bypassing official distribution channels and leading to higher prices for consumers.

The black market nature of scalping arises from its illicit nature and circumvention of established rules and regulations.

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Having too many internal metrics in marketing dashboards represents the pitfall of "information overload." When a company focuses solely on the metrics it already knows, it fails to recognize the importance of monitoring the external marketplace, which is constantly changing and unpredictable.

Information overload can lead to decision paralysis, as managers are bombarded with excessive data that may not be directly relevant to their marketing goals. This can hinder the company's ability to adapt to the dynamic nature of the market and respond effectively to emerging trends or competitor strategies.

To avoid this pitfall, marketing dashboards should strike a balance between internal and external metrics, allowing companies to track both their internal performance and the external market conditions. By keeping a pulse on the external marketplace, companies can make data-driven decisions that align with customer needs and preferences.

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Outsourcing has helped firms to concentrate on their core business.

By outsourcing non-core activities, companies can delegate those tasks to specialized service providers, allowing them to focus their resources, time, and expertise on their core business functions. This enables firms to enhance their efficiency, reduce costs, and improve their overall performance by leveraging the expertise and economies of scale offered by outsourcing partners.

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(a) True. The characteristics of an argument include intent, variation of quality, and a conclusion with reasons.

An argument is a logical and structured presentation of ideas that aims to persuade or convince others of a particular viewpoint or claim. It consists of several key elements, including intent, variation of quality, and a conclusion with reasons.

Intent refers to the purpose or goal of the argument. The person presenting the argument intends to persuade the audience and support their claim with valid reasoning and evidence.

Variation of quality means that arguments can differ in terms of their strength and effectiveness. Some arguments may be more compelling and well-supported, while others may be weaker or rely on faulty reasoning.

A conclusion with reasons is another essential characteristic of an argument. The argument's conclusion is the main claim or proposition being presented, while the reasons provide supporting evidence or logical explanations to justify the conclusion.

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We know that Sheridan Company borrowed $850,000 on December 31, 2019, by issuing an $850,000, 8% mortgage note payable. The terms call for annual installment payments of $126,675 on December 31. An installment note payable is a type of loan that is repaid in periodic installments.

The amount of the loan is usually provided at the start of the loan, and the borrower is then required to make a series of payments over the life of the loan. In this case, Sheridan Company borrowed $850,000 on December 31, 2019, by issuing an $850,000, 8% mortgage note payable.

The terms call for annual installment payments of $126,675 on December 31. This means that the loan must be repaid over a period of time, with each payment consisting of both principal and interest. Each year on December 31, Sheridan Company must pay an installment of $126,675 towards the mortgage note payable.

This payment includes both principal and interest. The interest portion of the payment is calculated using the interest rate of 8% per year, which is applied to the outstanding balance of the loan at the end of each year.

The formula for calculating the interest portion of the payment is:

Interest = Outstanding balance of loan x Interest rate So, the interest portion of the payment for the first year will be:

Interest = $850,000 x 8% = $68,000Therefore, the principal portion of the payment will be:

Principal = Payment – InterestPrincipal = $126,675 – $68,000 = $58,675

At the end of the first year, the outstanding balance of the loan will be:

$850,000 – $58,675 = $791,325So, the same calculation must be repeated each year until the loan is fully repaid.

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