Based on the information provided, we can calculate the total cost of producing the standard connector by multiplying the variable cost per unit by the capacity, and adding the fixed cost per unit. The total cost would be $2,235,000 (=$22 x 57,000 + $29 x 57,000).
To determine the maximum price that the transmission division should be willing to pay for connectors transferred from the connector division, we need to compare the cost of purchasing from the overseas supplier with the cost of producing the connector in-house.
If the transmission division were to purchase 11,000 connectors from the connector division, the total cost would be $849,750 (=$2,235,000 / 57,000 x 11,000). Dividing this by the number of units purchased (11,000) gives us a cost per unit of $77.25.
Therefore, the maximum price that the transmission division should be willing to pay for connectors transferred from the connector division is $77.25. Any higher price would result in the transmission division paying more than it currently does to the overseas supplier.
In conclusion, it would make sense for the transmission division to purchase connectors from the connector division if the price is lower than $77.25 per unit.
This would not only save the transmission division money, but it would also benefit the company as a whole by promoting inter-divisional cooperation and reducing dependence on overseas suppliers.
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which of the following represents the impact of a taxable cash sale of $400 on the accounting equation if the sales tax rate is 5%? multiple choice an increase to cash for $420, an increase to sales tax expense for $20, and an increase to sales revenue for $400. an increase to cash for $400, an increase to sales tax payable for $20, and an increase to sales revenue for $380. an increase to cash for $420, an increase to sales tax payable for $20, and an increase to sales revenue for $400. none of these answer choices is correct.
An increase to cash for $420, an increase to sales tax payable for $20, and an increase to sales revenue for $400.
In a taxable cash sale, the total amount collected from the customer includes both the sales price and the sales tax. The sales tax collected is a liability that the company owes to the government and is recorded as sales tax payable.
The sales revenue recognized in the accounting equation is the portion of the total amount collected that represents the actual sales price, excluding the sales tax.
So, the impact on the accounting equation would be:
An increase to cash for $420 (sales price + sales tax)
An increase to sales tax payable for $20 (sales tax)
An increase to sales revenue for $400 (sales price)
This correctly reflects the recognition of the sales revenue, sales tax payable, and the cash received in the accounting equation for a taxable cash sale with a sales tax rate of 5%.
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A company finances its operations with 50% debt and 50% equity. Its net income is I=RM30 million and it has a dividend payout ratio of x=20%. Its capital budget is B=RM40 million this year. The interest rate on company's debt is and the company's tax rate is T = 40%. The company's common stock trades at = RM66 per share, and its current dividend of = RM4 per share is expected to grow at a constant rate of g=10% a year. The flotation cost of external equity, if issued, is F=5% of the Malaysian Ringgit (MYR) amount issued. Required: a. Calculate the following: i. Will the company have to issue external equity? What is the company's Weighted Average Cost of Capital? (5) ii. (10) b. Briefly explain TWO (2) problems with cost of capital estimates. (5) (Total: 20)
Based on the given information, the company's Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) can be calculated. Two problems with the cost of capital estimates include the assumption of constant capital structure.
And the reliance on historical data for estimates. The actual capital structure may fluctuate, and historical data may not accurately reflect future market conditions. Since the company finances its operations with 50% debt and 50% equity, the cost of debt and the cost of equity must be weighted accordingly. The cost of debt is not given, so it must be assumed or estimated. Assuming a cost of debt of 6%, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital can be calculated to be 10.5%.
To determine whether the company will have to issue external equity, the retained earnings available for the capital budget must be calculated. With a net income of RM30 million and a dividend payout ratio of 20%, the company retains RM24 million. Since the capital budget is RM40 million, external equity will be needed to cover the shortfall of RM16 million.
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Adept Co. is analyzing a proposed project with annual sales of 6,600 units, ± 8 percent; variable costs per unit of $13, ± 2 percent; fixed costs of $18,200 per year, ± 5 percent; and a sales price of $24 per unit, ± 1 percent. The annual depreciation expense is $2,800 and the tax rate is 21percent.
What is the annual sales revenue under the optimistic case scenario?
Question 2
What is the annual operating cash flow under the optimistic case scenario?
Question 3
What is the annual operating cash flow under the pessimistic case scenario?
Please demonstrate ALL steps.
The annual sales revenue under the optimistic case scenario is $158,080. This is calculated by multiplying the optimistic sales projection of 7,104 units (6,600 + 8% = 7,104) by the optimistic sales price of $24.24 (24 + 1% = 24.24).
Answer 2: The annual operating cash flow under the optimistic case scenario is $112,529. This is calculated by subtracting the variable cost of $88,192 (7,104 units x $13 + 2% = $88,192) and the fixed cost of $18,200 + 5% = $19,090 from the annual sales revenue of $158,080.
Answer 3: The annual operating cash flow under the pessimistic case scenario is $86,662. This is calculated by subtracting the variable cost of $83,648 (6,144 units x $13 - 2% = $83,648) and the fixed cost of $18,200 - 5% = $17,290 from the annual sales revenue of $145,440 (6,600 - 8% = 6,144).
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when considering perfect competition the absence of entry barriers implies that part 2 a. no firm can enter the industry. b. firms can enter but cannot get out of the industry easily. c. all firms will earn economic profit. d. firms can enter and leave the industry without serious impediments.
In the context of perfect competition and considering the absence of entry barriers, the correct answer is option D: firms can enter and leave the industry without serious impediments.
Perfect competition is an economic model where numerous small firms produce homogeneous products, and no single firm has the power to influence the market price. Entry and exit barriers are factors that restrict the ability of firms to enter or exit an industry. When there are no entry barriers, new firms can easily join the market, and existing firms can leave the industry without facing major challenges. The absence of entry barriers promotes competition, as it encourages new firms to enter the market and compete with existing firms. This ultimately results in an efficient allocation of resources and a balance between supply and demand.
As a consequence, firms in perfect competition will not earn long-term economic profit, as any profits would attract new competitors, driving down prices and reducing profit margins. In summary, perfect competition without entry barriers allows firms to enter and exit the industry freely, fostering a competitive environment that benefits both consumers and businesses in terms of efficiency and resource allocation.
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Suppose the market risk premium is 5.8% and also that the standard deviation of returns on the market portfolio is 0.26. Further assume that the correlation between the returns on ABX (Barrick Gold) stock and returns on the market portfolio is 0.7, while the standard deviation of returns on ABX stock is 0.35. Finally assume that the risk-free rate is 2.1 %. Under the CAPM, what is the expected return on ABX stock? (write this number as a decimal and not as a percentage, e.g. 0.11 not 11%. Round your answer to three decimal places. For example 1.23450 or 1.23463 will be rounded to 1.235 while 1.23448 will be rounded to 1.234)
The expected return on ABX stock using the CAPM is 0.085.
The CAPM formula is:
E(Ri) = Rf + βi (E (RM) - Rf)
Where:
E(Ri) is the expected return of the stock
Rf is the risk-free rate
βi is the beta of the stock
E(RM) is the expected return of the market
Given the market risk premium of 5.8%, the risk-free rate of 2.1%, the standard deviation of returns on the market portfolio of 0.26, the correlation between the returns on ABX and returns on the market portfolio of 0.7, and the standard deviation of returns on ABX stock of 0.35, the expected return of ABX stock can be calculated as follows:
E(Ri) = 2.1% + 0.7 (5.8% - 2.1%) = 0.085
Therefore, the expected return on ABX stock using the CAPM is 0.085.
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the regular pattern of collection of credit sales is 20% in the month of sale, 70% in the month following the month of sale, and the remainder in the second month following the month of sale. there are no bad debts. the budgeted accounts receivable balance on september 30 would be
Balanced Accounts As of September 30, there was a $166,000 balance due. October cash receipts are expected to total $248,000.
The money that clients owe you for goods or services for which you have issued an invoice is known as accounts receivable.
On the balance sheet, the total amount of all accounts receivable is shown as current assets. This includes invoices for goods or services provided to clients on credit that they still owe.
The three categories of receivables are:
trade accounts receivable, notes receivable, other accounts receivable.Payments for credit sales are made several days or weeks after a product has been delivered. Accounts receivable in a company's balance sheet represent short-term credit agreements, which are distinct from payments paid in cash right away.
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assume the same facts as question (b), except that angels corporation reported $166,000 of taxable business income for the year. what is mason's deduction for qualified business income? ignore the wage-based limitation when computing the deduction
James Green's deduction for qualified business income would be 20% of the lesser of his taxable income or his share of Angels Corporation's taxable business income.
If you're talking about James Green's qualifying business income deduction and not "Mason," the deduction would be based on the current tax regulations in effect at the time of filing.
However, assuming that the tax rules of 2021 will be in effect, James Green's deduction for qualifying business income will be equal to 20% of the smaller of his share of the taxable business income of the Angels Corporation ($166,000) or his taxable income for the year. James Green would deduct $20,000 from his eligible business income if his taxable income for the year was $100,000.
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a company's product sells at $12.22 per unit and has a $5.33 per unit variable cost. the company's total fixed costs are $96,900. the break-even point in units is:
The break-even point is the point at which a company's total revenue equals its total costs, resulting in neither a profit nor a loss.
To calculate the break-even point in units, we can use the following formula:
Break-even point (in units) = Total Fixed Costs / (Selling Price per Unit - Variable Cost per Unit)
Given the information provided:
Selling Price per Unit = $12.22
Variable Cost per Unit = $5.33
Total Fixed Costs = $96,900
Plugging these values into the formula:
Break-even point (in units) = $96,900 / ($12.22 - $5.33)
Break-even point (in units) = $96,900 / $6.89
Break-even point (in units) ≈ 14,063.86
So, the break-even point in units for the company is approximately 14,063.86 units. This means that the company needs to sell at least 14,063.86 units in order to cover its total fixed costs and avoid incurring a loss.
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when developing software or any sort of product or service, there exists a tension between time, quality, and cost. this is referred to as the .
When developing software or any sort of product or service, there exists a tension between time, quality, and cost. This is referred to as the "triple constraint" or the "project management triangle."
It is a fundamental principle in project management that these three elements are interrelated, and that any changes to one will affect the other two. For example, if you want to reduce the development time, you may need to increase the cost or sacrifice some of the quality. Similarly, if you want to improve the quality, it may take more time and cost more money. It is important for project managers to carefully balance these three factors in order to deliver a successful product or service.
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is the opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a computer. Software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run on a device.
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3-One of your clients is interested in purchasing a closed-end fund as part of their portfolio. They want to contribute $500 bi-weekly in line with their paydays. How would you handle this request?
A-Advise your client that she cannot make bi-weekly contributions automatically as it would not take load fees into account
B-Advise your client that she cannot make bi-weekly contributions automatically as closed-end funds cannot offer partial units
C-Advise your client that she would have to choose a fund that offers that service as not all closed-end funds allow pre-authorized contributions
D-Set up the Pre-authorized contribution on behalf of your client
When one of your clients is interested in purchasing a closed-end fund and wants to contribute $500 bi-weekly, the best way to handle this request would be to 'Advise your client that she would have to choose a fund that offers that service, as not all closed-end funds allow pre-authorized contributions'. Therefore, the correct option is C.
Closed-end funds issue a fixed number of shares that are traded on an exchange, and unlike open-end funds, they do not continuously issue new shares or redeem outstanding shares. Therefore, not all closed-end funds allow for bi-weekly contributions.
It is important to identify a closed-end fund that offers pre-authorized contributions to accommodate your client's needs. Once you find such a fund, you can help your client set up the bi-weekly contributions in line with their paydays.
By choosing a fund that allows for pre-authorized contributions, your client can make regular contributions in line with their paydays, making it easier for them to stay on track with their investment goals. This will also help them avoid any potential missed contributions or late fees.
Hence, the correct answer is option C: Advise your client that she would have to choose a fund that offers that service as not all closed-end funds allow pre-authorized contributions.
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pr efforts on behalf of charities, relief groups, or other organizations serving publics in need are called select one: a. do-good pr. b. cause marketing. c. viral pr. d. lobbying.
The correct answer is b. Cause marketing.
Cause marketing is a public relations effort that focuses on marketing a product, service, or brand in a way that benefits a charitable cause. The public relations effort helps to increase awareness of the charity's mission and help to build relationships between the charity and the company.
It can also increase sales for the company and help to raise the profile of the charity. Cause marketing typically involves a company making a donation to the charity, or offering some other type of promotional benefit such as discounted prices or special offers. A company may also use cause-related marketing as a way to show its commitment to social issues, such as by supporting a cause that is important to its target audience.
Cause marketing can be a powerful tool for companies to use in order to demonstrate their commitment to social responsibility while also building relationships with customers and other stakeholders.
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Help with following please
Help with following please. will upvote
The Valuation Principle states that the value of a stock is equal to the present value (PV) of both the dividends and future sale price of that stock which the investor will receive. ОО True O False
The statement about the Valuation Principle is correct.
The Valuation Principle states that the value of a stock is equal to the present value (PV) of both the dividends and future sale price of that stock which the investor will receive.
So the answer is:
True
The key ideas of the Valuation Principle are:
1. The value of a stock depends on the future cash flows it is expected to generate. This includes dividends and the proceeds from selling the stock.
2. These future cash flows need to be discounted back to the present using an appropriate discount rate. This gives the present value of the future cash flows.
3. The sum of the present values of dividends and selling price equals the price of the stock.
Sodividends, potential capital gains, and the timing of these cash flows all determine a stock's value according to the Valuation Principle.
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The shift from Corporate Planning to Strategy-Making implies: a. From the sources of profit outside the firm to the sources of profit within the firm b. To the Resource-based view of the firm c. Both a and b d. From the structure-based approach to the value-added perspective
The shift from Corporate Planning to Strategy-Making implies a move away from the traditional structure-based approach to a more value-added perspective.
This involves looking at the sources of profit within the firm, rather than outside of it. This shift is also associated with the Resource-based view of the firm, which considers the resources and capabilities of a firm as the primary drivers of competitive advantage and value creation.
This shift away from the structure-based approach to a value-added perspective is important because it allows firms to identify new sources of value and differentiate their offerings from those of their competitors. Additionally, it provides a framework for developing and implementing strategies that are tailored to the firm's particular strengths and weaknesses.
Finally, it enables firms to identify and capitalize on opportunities for growth and expansion.
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the income tax requires that taxpayers pay 10percent on the first $40,000 of income and 20 percent on all income over $40,000. karen paid $6,000 in taxes. what were her marginal and average tax rates?
To find Karen's marginal tax rate and Average tax rate, we need to first determine her total income.
Given that taxpayers pay 10% on the first $40,000 of income and 20% on all income over $40,000, and Karen paid $6,000 in taxes, we can set up the following equations:
1. If Karen's income is less than or equal to $40,000:
Income * 10% = $6,000
Income = $60,000
2. If Karen's income is greater than $40,000:
$40,000 * 10% + (Income - $40,000) * 20% = $6,000
Solving equation 1, we find that Karen's income is indeed less than or equal to $40,000:
$60,000 * 10% = $6,000
Now, we can calculate her marginal and average tax rates:
Marginal tax rate: Since Karen's income is within the first tax bracket ($0 - $40,000), her marginal tax rate is 10%.
Average tax rate: The average tax rate is calculated by dividing the total taxes paid by the total income. In this case:
Average tax rate = ($6,000) / ($60,000) = 0.1 = 10%
So, Karen's marginal tax rate is 10% and her average tax rate is also 10%.
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Systems may automatically produce customer invoices, but billings will be incorrect if the ____ _____master file is incorrect
Systems may automatically produce customer invoices, but billings will be incorrect if the billing master file is incorrect.
The billing master file is a critical component of accurate invoicing and billing processes, as it contains the customer's billing information, such as their billing address, payment terms, and pricing agreements. Any errors or inaccuracies in the billing master file can lead to incorrect billings, which can result in delays in payment and even damage to the customer relationship. Therefore, it is important to regularly review and update the billing master file to ensure that all customer billing information is accurate and up-to-date.
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Jill wants to buy a car but needs to calculate how much she can afford to borrow. The maximum she can repay is $1900 at the end of each quarter and the bank has indicated it will charge a fixed 6.3% p.a compounding quarterly. If she takes a loan for 5 years how much can she afford to borrow? (Do not use the $ sign or commas; include cents e.g 24500.09)
Jill can afford to borrow up to $505,286 if she wants to make quarterly payments of $1900 at a fixed interest rate of 6.3% compounded quarterly over a loan term of 5 years.
To calculate how much Jill can afford to borrow, we need to determine the quarterly payment amount based on the loan amount, interest rate, and loan term, and then use that payment amount to calculate the maximum loan amount that Jill can afford.
We can use the following steps:
1. Calculate the quarterly interest rate by dividing the annual interest rate by 4. In this case, the quarterly interest rate is 6.3% / 4 = 1.575%.
2. Determine the loan term in quarters by multiplying the number of years by 4. In this case, the loan term is 5 years x 4 quarters/year = 20 quarters.
3. Calculate the quarterly payment amount using the loan amount, interest rate, and loan term using the following formula:
[tex]Quarterly payment = Loan amount (r(1+r)^n) / ((1+r)^n - 1)[/tex]
where,
r is the quarterly interest rate and
n is the loan term in quarters.
Let's assume that Jill wants to borrow an amount of X. Using the formula, we get:
[tex]$1900 = X * (0.01575 * (1+0.01575)^20) / ((1+0.01575)^20 - 1)[/tex]
Solving for X, we get:
X = $1900 x ((1+0.01575)^20 - 1) / (0.01575 x (1+0.01575)^20)
X = $1900 x (4.1807) / (0.01575 x 4.1807)
X = $1900 x 265.94
X = $505,286
Therefore, Jill can afford to borrow up to $505,286 if she wants to make quarterly payments of $1900 at a fixed interest rate of 6.3% compounded quarterly over a loan term of 5 years.
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The maximum amount Jill can borrow for a 5-year car loan, with a quarterly repayment of $1900 and a fixed interest rate of 6.3% p.a compounding quarterly, is $71,308.85.
To calculate the maximum amount Jill can borrow, we need to use the formula for the present value of an annuity due, which is:
PV = Pmt x ((1 - (1 + r/n)(-n*t))/(r/n)) x (1 + r/n)
where:
PV = present value of the loan
Pmt = quarterly repayment amount
r = interest rate in decimal form
n = number of compounding periods per year
t = total number of years
Substituting the values given in the question, we get:
PV = 1900 x ((1 - (1 + 0.063/4)(-4*5))/(0.063/4)) x (1 + 0.063/4) = $71,308.85
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equipment that was purchased for $700,000 has a current book value of $350,000. assume a capital gains tax rate of 28%. compute the net tax payment or savings if you sell the equipment for $584,367.
The net tax payment or savings if the equipment is sold for $584,367 would be a tax savings of $56,840.
To calculate the net tax payment or savings, we first need to determine the gain or loss on the sale of the equipment. The gain is calculated as the selling price minus the book value, which in this case is $584,367 - $350,000 = $234,367.
Next, we need to calculate the capital gains tax on the gain. The tax rate is given as 28%, so the tax would be 0.28 x $234,367 = $65,790. Finally, we can calculate the net tax payment or savings by subtracting the tax from the gain: $234,367 - $65,790 = $168,577.
We need to take into account the tax that would have been paid if the equipment had not been sold. Since the book value is $350,000 and the selling price is $584,367, the company would have paid tax on the difference between the selling price and the book value, or $234,367.
The tax on this amount would be 0.28 x $234,367 = $65,790. Therefore, the net tax payment or savings is $65,790 - $8,950 = $56,840, where $8,950 is the tax savings from the original book value.
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An asset was purchased for $100,000. It's estimated residual value is $20,000. The company uses the MACRs method (7 year useful life) for financial reporting reasons. It intends to leave the asset in service for 7 years. What is the difference (to the nearest dollar) in the book value in the third year using both methods (straight line and double declining balance)? HINT: Solve for both SL and DB in the third year. $14,439 O $36,000 $12.600 $21.984
The difference in the book value in the third year using the straight line method and the double declining balance method is $14,439.
The straight line method is the simplest of depreciation methods and is calculated by dividing the cost of the asset, minus its residual value, by its useful life. In this case, the asset was purchased for $100,000 and has an estimated residual value of $20,000 and a useful life of 7 years.
The book value in the third year is calculated by subtracting the depreciation expense for the first three years from the initial cost of the asset. The double declining balance method is a more aggressive depreciation method that accelerates depreciation by double the straight-line rate of depreciation.
It is calculated by multiplying the straight line depreciation rate by two and multiplying that by the book value at the beginning of the current year. In this case, the book value in the third year is calculated by subtracting the depreciation expense for the first three years from the book value at the beginning of the third year.
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Applied Nanotech is thinking about introducing a new surface cleaning machine. The marketing department has come up with the estimate that Applied Nanotech can sell 15 units per year at $303,000 net cash flow per unit for the next five years. The engineering department has come up with the estimate that developing the machine will take a $14.9 million initial investment. The finance department has estimated that a discount rate of 16 percent should be used. a. What is the base-case NPV? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, e.g., 1,234,567. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Base-case NPV $ b. If unsuccessful, after the first year the project can be dismantled and will have an aftertax salvage value of $10.8 million. Also, after the first year, expected cash flows will be revised up to 20 units per year or to 0 units, with equal probability. What is the revised NPV? (Enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, e.g., 1,234,567. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Revised NPV
a. The base-case NPV is $4,640,000.95. b. The revised NPV is -$2,548,439.12.
a. To calculate the base-case NPV, we need to find the present value of the cash flows generated by the project, using the given discount rate of 16%.
The net cash flow per unit is $303,000, and the project is expected to sell 15 units per year for 5 years. Therefore, the total net cash flow for the project is:
$303,000 x 15 x 5 = $22,725,000
To find the present value of this cash flow stream, we can use the formula:
PV = CF / (1 + r)ⁿ
where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the values, we get:
PV = $22,725,000 / (1 + 0.16)¹ + $22,725,000 / (1 + 0.16)² + $22,725,000 / (1 + 0.16)³ + $22,725,000 / (1 + 0.16)⁴+ $22,725,000 / (1 + 0.16)⁵
PV = $22,725,000 / 1.16 + $22,725,000 / 1.3456 + $22,725,000 / 1.5625 + $22,725,000 / 1.8145 + $22,725,000 / 2.1073
PV = $19,540,000.95
The initial investment is $14.9 million, so the base-case NPV is:
Base-case NPV = $19,540,000.95 - $14,900,000 = $4,640,000.95
b. To calculate the revised NPV, we need to calculate the expected cash flows for the project after the first year, taking into account the salvage value and the possibility of selling 20 units or 0 units.
If the project is dismantled after the first year, the cash flow will be the salvage value of $10.8 million, discounted back to year zero using the discount rate of 16%. Therefore, the salvage value in year zero is:
Salvage value = $10,800,000 / (1 + 0.16) = $9,310,344.83
If the expected cash flows are revised up to 20 units per year, the total net cash flow will be:
$303,000 x 20 x 4 = $24,240,000
If the expected cash flows are revised down to 0 units per year, the total net cash flow will be $0.
To calculate the revised NPV, we need to calculate the expected value of the cash flows after the first year:
Expected cash flows = (0.5 x $9,310,344.83) + (0.25 x $24,240,000) + (0.25 x $0) = $10,650,172.42
The expected cash flows are then discounted back to year zero using the discount rate of 16%:
Revised NPV = -$14,900,000 + $10,650,172.42 / (1 + 0.16) = -$2,548,439.12
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the reasons behind the accelerating pace of globalization include:select one:a.lower barriers to international tradeb.countries with previously planned economies are embracing market or mixed economiesc.transportation and information technology shrinks the importance of geographic distancesd.all of these
A. "Lower barriers to international trade", B. "countries with previously planned economies are embracing market or mixed economies", and C. "transportation and information technology shrinks the importance of geographic distances" are reasons behind the accelerating pace of globalization.
Lower barriers to international trade, the adoption of market or mixed economies by previously planned economies, and the development of transportation and information technology have all contributed to the increasing interconnectedness of economies and cultures around the world. These factors have made it easier for businesses to operate globally, for goods and services to be traded across borders, and for people to communicate and share ideas regardless of their physical location. As a result, the pace of globalization has accelerated in recent decades.
The correct answers are options B and C.
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the amount of money that a dollar will grow to at some point in the future is known as the multiple choice question. present value. market value. future value.
The amount of money that a dollar will grow to at some point in the future is known as the future value.
The concept of future valueThis concept is important in finance and helps determine the potential growth of an investment over time.
The future value takes into account factors such as interest rates and the time period involved.
By calculating the future value, individuals and businesses can make informed decisions about investments and savings.
In contrast, the present value represents the current worth of a future cash flow, and market value refers to the price at which an asset can be bought or sold in the marketplace.
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in the context of creating a marketing plan, a new firm's marketing efforts need to focus on
In the context of creating a marketing plan, a new firm's marketing efforts need to focus on:
1. Identifying target audience: Determine the demographics, interests, and preferences of the customers the firm wants to attract. This helps in tailoring the marketing strategy to cater to their needs.
2. Establishing clear objectives: Define the goals of the marketing plan, such as increasing brand awareness, generating leads, or boosting sales. These objectives should be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART).
3. Analyzing the competition: Research competitors in the market to understand their strengths, weaknesses, and strategies. This helps in identifying gaps and opportunities to stand out.
4. Developing a Unique Selling Proposition (USP): Highlight the unique features or benefits of the product or service that differentiate it from competitors, making it more appealing to the target audience.
5. Selecting marketing channels: Choose the appropriate marketing channels, such as social media, email marketing, or content marketing, to reach the target audience effectively.
6. Creating a budget: Allocate resources and set a budget for the marketing plan, ensuring a balance between different marketing activities and channels.
7. Implementing the marketing plan: Execute the marketing strategies and tactics outlined in the plan.
8. Monitoring and evaluating: Track the performance of the marketing plan using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and make adjustments as needed to achieve the objectives.
In summary, a new firm's marketing efforts should focus on identifying their target audience, setting clear objectives, analyzing the competition, developing a USP, selecting marketing channels, creating a budget, implementing the plan, and monitoring and evaluating its performance.
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the relationship between expectancy theory and employee motivation lies in the individual worker's belief that
The relationship between expectancy theory and employee motivation lies in the individual worker's belief that the effort they put into their job will lead to high performance, which in turn will lead to desired outcomes or rewards.
Expectancy theory is a motivation theory that suggests that an individual's motivation to put effort into a task is determined by their belief that their effort will lead to high performance and their belief that high performance will lead to desired outcomes. In the workplace, employees who believe that their efforts will lead to better job performance and rewards will be more motivated to perform well.
Therefore, for an employee to be motivated, they must first believe that their effort will result in better performance, and that better performance will lead to desired outcomes or rewards. If an employee does not believe that their effort will lead to better performance or that better performance will lead to desired outcomes, their motivation to work hard will be reduced.
Therefore, expectancy theory is important in understanding employee motivation and how to increase it in the workplace.
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Questions on Games and Strategic Behavior a. The following payoff matrix shows the payoffs (in millions of dollars) for two firms, A and B, for two different strategies, investing in new capital or not investing in new capital.
Firm B
Invest Not Invest 20 for A 70 for A
Invest 20 for B 5 for B Not Invest 5 Fot A 50 For B
70 for A 50 for B
Does Firm A have a dominant strategy? What about Firm B? Is this a prisoner's dilemma? Explain. (10 points)
Firm A does not have a dominant strategy as its payoff is dependent on the strategy chosen by Firm B. If Firm B invests, Firm A's best option is to invest as well, with a payoff of 70 million dollars. However, if Firm B does not invest, Firm A's best option is not to invest, with a payoff of 50 million dollars.
Similarly, Firm B does not have a dominant strategy as its payoff is also dependent on the strategy chosen by Firm A. If Firm A invests, Firm B's best option is to invest as well, with a payoff of 20 million dollars.
However, if Firm A does not invest, Firm B's best option is not to invest, with a payoff of 50 million dollars. This is a prisoner's dilemma as both firms have the incentive to choose a strategy that maximizes their individual payoff, but if they both choose to invest, they both end up worse off than if they both choose not to invest.
Therefore, the rational strategy for both firms is not to invest, but this results in a sub-optimal outcome for both firms.
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Muller's Investigative Services has stock is trading at $50 per share. The stock is expected to have just paid dividend of $3 per share and it is expected to grow at some constant rate, g, throughout time.
The stock's required rate of return is 14%.
Muller's Investigative Services stock is currently priced at $50 per share and has just paid a dividend of $3 per share. The stock's expected growth rate is constant and denoted by the variable "g". Stock is expected to grow at a constant rate of 20%.
The required rate of return, which is the minimum return that investors expect to earn for taking on the risk of investing in the stock, is 14%. To calculate the expected growth rate "g", we can use the Gordon growth model, which is represented by the formula: P0 = D1 / (r - g)
where P0 is the current stock price, D1 is the next expected dividend payment, r is the required rate of return, and g is the expected growth rate.
Rearranging the formula, we get: g = (D1 / P0) + r. Substituting the given values, we get: g= ($3 / $50) + 0.14 = 0.06 + 0.14 = 0.20 or 20%.
Therefore, the stock is expected to grow at a constant rate of 20% per year, which means that the dividend payment and stock price will increase by 20% each year.
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If a company is tracking and reporting their Return on Equity, which category of performance are they measuring in their balanced scorecard?Group of answer choicesCustomerLearning and GrowthFinancialInternal Process
If a company is tracking and reporting its Return on Equity (ROE), they are measuring the financial performance category in its balanced scorecard.
The balanced scorecard is a strategic management tool that helps organizations measure and track their performance across four different perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth.
ROE is a financial metric that measures the profitability of a company by calculating how much profit it generates with the money invested by its shareholders. It is an important financial indicator that shows how efficiently a company is using its resources to generate profit.
Other financial metrics that could be used to measure financial performance in a balanced scorecard include net profit margin, revenue growth rate, and cash flow.
The customer perspective of the balanced scorecard focuses on measuring customer satisfaction and loyalty, while the internal process perspective measures the efficiency and effectiveness of the company's operations. The learning and growth perspective focuses on the company's ability to innovate, learn, and grow in order to sustain long-term success.
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If a company is tracking and reporting its Return on Equity (ROE), they are measuring the financial performance category in its balanced scorecard. The balanced scorecard is a strategic management.
tool that helps organizations measure and track their performance across four different perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth. ROE is a financial metric that measures the profitability of a company by calculating how much profit it generates with the money invested by its shareholders. It is an important financial indicator that shows how efficiently a company is using its resources to generate profit. Other financial metrics that could be used to measure financial performance in a balanced scorecard include net profit margin, revenue growth rate, and cash flow. The customer perspective of the balanced scorecard focuses on measuring customer satisfaction and loyalty, while the internal process perspective measures the efficiency and effectiveness of the company's operations.
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Choose a publicly traded company to research for the term. By law, publicly traded companies must file financial reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and these are readily available to us. Using the NSU Library site, use the link to the Edgar site to research the company you have selected (if you can’t find info on the company, there is a good chance that it isn’t publicly traded and you will need to choose another). We are looking specifically for the company’s financial performance information. In the SEC filings, pay particular attention to the Annual Report (10-K) and Quarterly Reports (10-Q). These documents are pro-forma and relatively boring to read. Morningstar , Mergent, and Value Line summaries and analyses are focused on information current and prospective investors want to know. Compare the numbers and narratives in the last 10K with the Morningstar , Mergent, and Value Line reports.
What are some interesting insights about the company (Apple) that you can glean from each of the reports?
Does the financial outlook look good for future performance?
What are some of the major risks the company is (or should be) concerned about?
What are some features of the Morningstar, Mergent, and Value Line analyses you found interesting and useful?
Interesting features of Morningstar, Mergent, and Value Line analyses include their graphical presentations, expert opinions, and easy-to-understand summaries, which help investors make informed decisions.
To research Apple Inc., a publicly traded company, you can access their financial performance information through SEC filings like the Annual Report (10-K) and Quarterly Reports (10-Q), and by analyzing Morningstar, Mergent, and Value Line reports.
Comparing these sources will provide interesting insights on the company's financial outlook, major risks, and useful features of each analysis.
From the 10-K and 10-Q, you can gather data on revenues, expenses, and net income. Morningstar, Mergent, and Value Line provide a more investor-focused perspective, highlighting trends, projections, and risks. Apple's financial outlook appears promising with strong revenue growth and a solid product lineup.
However, major risks include intense competition, supply chain disruptions, and potential regulatory issues.
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a tax of $4.50 is levied on the seller of the item below. the equilibrium price before the tax. $ the price that buyers effectively pay after the tax. $ the price that sellers effectively receive after the tax. $ the incidence of the tax on buyers is . $ the incidence of the tax on sellers is. $
When a tax is levied on the seller of an item, it affects both buyers and sellers by altering the prices they pay and receive. The incidence of the tax is shared between buyers and sellers, depending on the elasticity of the market.
The equilibrium price before the tax is the price at which the quantity demanded by buyers equals the quantity supplied by sellers. After the tax is imposed, the price buyers effectively pay will increase, while the price sellers receive will decrease.
The actual amount of the increase and decrease depends on the elasticity of supply and demand in the market. The incidence of the tax on buyers refers to the portion of the tax that buyers bear through the increased price they pay. Similarly, the incidence of the tax on sellers refers to the portion of the tax that sellers bear through the decreased price they receive.
To determine the specific prices and incidence of the tax on buyers and sellers, we would need additional information on the market's supply and demand functions. However, it is important to note that the total tax burden is shared between buyers and sellers, depending on the relative elasticity of supply and demand. In general, the more elastic side of the market will bear a smaller portion of the tax burden, as they can more easily adjust their behavior in response to the tax.
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10. Adjusting the cost of capital for riskDivisional Costs of CapitalNewtown Propane currently has only a wholesale division and uses only equity capital; however, it is considering creating marketing and retail divisions. Its beta is currently 1.4. The marketing division is expected to have a beta of 2.2, because it will have more risk than the firm’s wholesale division. The retail division is expected to have a beta of 0.4, because it will have less risk than the firm’s wholesale division. The risk-free rate is 3.6%, and the market risk premium is 6.7%. Based on this information, fill in the missing cost of capital information below:Wholesale division ___________Marketing division _____________Retail division _________________If 60% of Newtown Propane’s total value ends up in the wholesale division, 25% in the marketing division, and 15% in the retail division, then its investors should require a return of __________
Wholesale division: Cost of equity = 12.58%
Marketing division: Cost of equity = 18.94%
Retail division: Cost of equity = 6.68%
Newtown Propane's investors should require a return of 11.81%.
Using the CAPM formula, we can calculate the cost of capital for each division as follows:
Wholesale division:
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta * Market risk premium
Cost of equity = 3.6% + 1.4 * 6.7%
Cost of equity = 12.58%
Marketing division:
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta * Market risk premium
Cost of equity = 3.6% + 2.2 * 6.7%
Cost of equity = 18.94%
Retail division:
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta * Market risk premium
Cost of equity = 3.6% + 0.4 * 6.7%
Cost of equity = 6.68%
To calculate the required return for investors, we can use the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) formula:
WACC = (Wholesale division % * Cost of capital for wholesale division) + (Marketing division % * Cost of capital for marketing division) + (Retail division % * Cost of capital for retail division)
WACC = (60% * 12.58%) + (25% * 18.94%) + (15% * 6.68%)
WACC = 11.81%
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Eric Inc.'s noncallable, 10-year, 10% semiannual coupon bonds currently sell for $1,135.90. They have a par value of $1,000. What is their yield to maturity? (Multiple Choice) a. 4.00% b. 3.38% c. 8.56% d. 8.00% e. 7.97% Assume that interest rates on 20-year Treasury and corporate bonds are as follows: T-bond = 2.89%, Corporate Bond = 4.73%. The difference in these rates was probably caused primarily by: (Multiple Choice) = a. Default and liquidity risk differences. b. Inflation differences. Tax effects. c. Maturity risk differences. d. Real risk-free rate differences.
The yield to maturity of Eric Inc.'s noncallable, 10-year, 10% semiannual coupon bonds is 8.00%. (D)
The difference in interest rates between the 20-year Treasury and corporate bonds is primarily caused by default and liquidity risk differences (Option a).
To calculate the yield to maturity (YTM), you need to use the bond pricing formula:
Bond Price = C * [(1 - (1 + YTM/2)⁻²ⁿ) / (YTM/2)] + Par Value * (1 + YTM/2)⁻²ⁿ
Where C is the semiannual coupon payment, n is the number of years until maturity, and YTM is the yield to maturity. In this case, C = $1,000 * 10% / 2 = $50.
By plugging the given values into the formula and solving for YTM, you'll find that YTM = 8.00%.
The difference in interest rates between the 20-year Treasury and corporate bonds is due to the varying levels of default and liquidity risk. T
reasury bonds are considered risk-free, while corporate bonds carry default risk, meaning there is a chance the issuing company could fail to make interest payments or repay the principal.
Additionally, corporate bonds often have less liquidity compared to Treasury bonds, making them less attractive to investors, and therefore requiring a higher yield to compensate for these risks.(D)
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