The annual rate of return, r, for stock X in 2019 was -40.86%.
Tommy wishes to determine the return on stock X owned in 2019. To calculate the annual rate of return, r, for X, follow these steps:
1. The initial price of stock X: $93 per share
2. The dividend paid during the year: $4 per share
3. The final price of stock X: $51 per share
Now, use the following formula for the annual rate of return, r:
r = ((Final Price + Dividend - Initial Price) / Initial Price) * 100
4. Plug in the values: r = ((51 + 4 - 93) / 93) * 100
5. Calculate r: r = ((-38) / 93) * 100
6. r = -40.86
Therefore, the annual rate of return for stock X in 2019 was -40.86%.
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an investor is in the 30% tax rate and corporate bonds are paying 9%.what must municipals bonds (munis) pay to offer an equivalent after tax yield?
Answer: 6.3%
Explanation: To determine the equivalent after-tax yield for municipal bonds (munis) for an investor in the 30% tax bracket, with corporate bonds paying 9%, you can follow these steps:
1. Identify the investor's tax rate, which is= 30%.
2. Determine the yield on corporate bonds, which is= 9%.
3. Calculate the after-tax yield on corporate bonds by using the formula:
after-tax yield = yield * (1 - tax rate).
4. Plug in the values: after-tax yield =
after tax yield= 9% * (1 - 0.30)
= 9% * 0.70
= 6.3%.
Hence, The equivalent after-tax yield for municipal bonds (munis) must be 6.3% to offer an equivalent after-tax yield for an investor in the 30% tax bracket with corporate bonds paying 9%.
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The Board of Directors of a Canadian firm must: : a. Act in the best interests of the board of directors of the firm.b. Act the best interests of the managers of the firm. c. Act in the best interests of the company. d. Always act in the best interests of the shareholders.e. Always act in the best interests of all stakeholders including creditors.
The Board of Directors of a Canadian firm must act in the best interests of the company (option c).
While the interests of shareholders are important, the board's duty is to act in the best interests of the company as a whole, which includes all stakeholders such as employees, customers, suppliers, and creditors. This duty is often referred to as the "fiduciary duty" of the board, meaning they have a legal and ethical obligation to act in the best interests of the company and its stakeholders.
It is important for the board to maintain a balance between the interests of shareholders and other stakeholders, as their decisions can have a significant impact on the company's long-term success. By prioritizing the company's overall interests, the board can ensure that the company operates in a sustainable and responsible manner, benefiting all stakeholders in the long run.
Option c is answer.
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when calculating a divisional cost of capital, what is the usual way of estimating the cost of debt for the division?
When calculating the divisional cost of capital, the usual way of estimating the cost of debt for the division is to look at the division's creditworthiness and risk profile.
This is usually done by examining the division's financial statements, credit ratings, and market conditions. The cost of debt can then be estimated by looking at the interest rates of similar companies or industries, or by using the division's own borrowing history and interest rates.
Other factors that may be considered include the division's size, asset base, and the overall economic environment. Ultimately, the goal is to determine an appropriate cost of debt that reflects the division's specific financial circumstances and risk profile.
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many current liabilities on the balance sheet, such as accounts payable, accrued wages and deferred revenue, have a direct relationship to
Many current liabilities on the balance sheet, such as accounts payable, accrued wages, and deferred revenue, have a direct relationship to a company's operating activities.
These liabilities represent short-term financial obligations that need to be settled within one year or within the company's normal operating cycle. They are crucial in managing cash flow and ensuring the business can meet its financial obligations.
Accounts Payable: Accounts payable represents the amount owed by a company to its suppliers for goods or services that have been received but not yet paid for. It typically arises from the purchase of inventory, raw materials, or other goods and services that are used in the production process or for resale.
Managing accounts payable is crucial for managing cash flow, as it allows a company to defer payments to suppliers while maintaining a good relationship with them.
Accrued Wages: Accrued wages represent the amount owed by a company to its employees for work that has been performed but not yet paid for. It includes wages, salaries, bonuses, and other employee benefits that have been earned but not yet paid out.
Accrued wages are important in managing the company's cash flow and ensuring that employee compensation obligations are met in a timely manner.
Deferred Revenue: Deferred revenue represents the amount received by a company from customers for goods or services that have been sold but not yet delivered or earned. It arises when a company receives payment in advance for products or services that will be delivered or performed in the future.
Deferred revenue is a liability because the company has an obligation to deliver the goods or services as promised. Managing deferred revenue is important in ensuring that the company fulfills its contractual obligations to customers and recognizes revenue appropriately over time.
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Income generated from the Toyota factory in Kentucky is counted as A. GNP in the U.S. and GDP in Japan B. GNP in the U.S. and Japan C. GDP in the U.S. and Japan D. GDP in the U.S. and GNP in Japan T
Income generated from the Toyota factory in Kentucky is counted as D. GDP in the U.S. and GNP in Japan.
To understand this answer, let's define the terms Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP):
1. GDP: It measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders during a specific period, regardless of the ownership of the production factors. It reflects the overall economic activity of a country.
2. GNP: It measures the total value of goods and services produced by a country's residents, both domestically and internationally, during a specific period. It takes into account the ownership of the production factors, regardless of their location.
Now, let's break down the answer:
- The Toyota factory is located in Kentucky, which is in the United States. Therefore, the income generated from this factory contributes to the overall economic activity within the U.S. borders, making it a part of the U.S. GDP.
- Toyota is a Japanese company, and the income generated by the factory in Kentucky is considered as income generated by Japanese residents (the company's shareholders). Therefore, this income is included in Japan's GNP, as it represents income generated by Japanese-owned factors of production, even if they are located outside of Japan.
In conclusion, the income generated from the Toyota factory in Kentucky is counted as GDP in the U.S. and GNP in Japan because it reflects the economic activity within the U.S. borders and the income generated by Japanese residents (Toyota).
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Your withholdings selections allow you to choose how much money your employer takes out of your paycheck for income taxes. example
The salary used in the benefit formula for a defined-benefit (DB) plan could be your a. highest salary b. All of the choices are correct. c. average of the salary in three to five of your highest-salary years.
d. final salary
The salary used in the benefit formula for a defined-benefit (DB) plan could be average of the salary in three to five of your highest-salary years. Option C is correct.
This is a common method used to calculate the pension benefit in a DB plan. The average salary in the highest-salary years is used as a basis to calculate the benefit, which provides an incentive for employees to work hard and achieve high salaries in their final years of employment.
Option (a), highest salary, is not typically used because it can lead to large fluctuations in pension benefits from year to year. Option (b) is not a specific answer to the question and is therefore not correct. Therefore, option C is correct.
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While warrants share several characteristics with a call option,
there are two major reasons they can't be valued with a standard
Black-Scholes Options Pricing Model. Explain one of these two
reasons.
One reason why warrants share characteristics with call options is that they both allow the holder to purchase a security at a specific price within a set timeframe. The Black-Scholes Options Pricing Model can be used to value both warrants and call options.
This model takes into account factors such as the current stock price, strike price, time to expiration, volatility, and risk-free interest rate to determine the fair value of the option or warrant. By using this model, investors can make more informed decisions about whether to buy or sell these types of securities.
Overall, understanding the similarities between warrants and call options, as well as the Black-Scholes model, can help investors navigate the world of options trading more effectively.
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in contrast to residual income (ri), economic value added (eva) uses: a. the firm's minimum rate of return instead of its cost of capital b. the firm's cost of capital instead of its minimum rate of return c. a required rate of return d. values determined by using conventional accounting policies e. only economic measures, not accounting data.
In contrast to residual income (RI), economic value added (EVA) uses the firm's cost of capital instead of its minimum rate of return. Residual income is the amount of income left after all expenses have been deducted, while economic value added measures the value created by a company's activities by considering its cost of capital.
RI calculates the income generated above a predetermined minimum rate, which is set by management. On the other hand, EVA calculates the value generated by taking into account the company's cost of capital. The cost of capital is the return expected by investors who provide financing to the company.
EVA uses the firm's cost of capital because it represents the opportunity cost of investing in the company. By comparing the firm's return on invested capital with its cost of capital,
EVA determines if the company is creating or destroying value for its investors. If the company's return on invested capital is higher than the cost of capital, it is generating positive EVA and thus creating value.
Conventional accounting policies are not primarily used in EVA calculations, as EVA focuses on economic measures rather than accounting data. EVA adjusts financial statements to remove distortions caused by accounting practices and better reflects the economic reality of the company.
In summary, the key difference between RI and EVA is that EVA uses the firm's cost of capital instead of its minimum rate of return. EVA provides a better understanding of the value created by a company, taking into account the opportunity cost of investing in it, while also using economic measures instead of conventional accounting policies.
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You invest $1,000 in an account that pays interest at 12 percent annual rate, compounded quarterly. How much would your investment grow to in 5 years?
You plan to purchase a BMW M5 sedan for $85,000. You have saved $30,000 for the car and plan to invest this money to purchase the car. How many years would you have to wait if you can earn 12 percent annual rate, compounded quarterly?
Loan Shark Company provides short term loans. They will loan you $4 today and expect $5 back in one week! What is the APR for this loan?
The APR for this loan would be approximately 677.86%.
Note that APR is an annualized percentage rate and represents the total cost of borrowing, including fees and interest, over a one-year period.
For the first question, to calculate the growth of your investment in 5 years with an annual interest rate of 12 percent, compounded quarterly, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
where:
A = the amount after time t
P = the principal amount (initial investment)
r = annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year
t = time in years
Given that P = $1,000, r = 12% or 0.12, n = 4 (quarterly compounding), and t = 5 years, we can plug in these values and calculate A:
A = 1000 * (1 + 0.12/4)^(4*5)
A = 1000 * (1.03)^20
A ≈ $2,784.33
Therefore, your investment would grow to approximately $2,784.33 in 5 years.
For the second question, to calculate how many years you would have to wait to accumulate $85,000 with an annual interest rate of 12 percent, compounded quarterly, starting with an initial investment of $30,000, we can use the same formula:
A = P * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
where:
A = the target amount ($85,000)
P = the principal amount (initial investment) ($30,000)
r = annual interest rate (as a decimal) (12% or 0.12)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year (4 for quarterly compounding)
t = time in years (unknown)
Given that A = $85,000, P = $30,000, r = 0.12, and n = 4, we can rearrange the formula to solve for t:
(1 + 0.12/4)^(4t) = 85000/30000
(1.03)^(4t) = 2.8333
Taking the natural log of both sides:
ln((1.03)^(4t)) = ln(2.8333)
4t * ln(1.03) = ln(2.8333)
t = ln(2.8333) / (4 * ln(1.03))
t ≈ 7.07
Therefore, you would have to wait approximately 7.07 years to accumulate $85,000 with the given interest rate and compounding frequency.
For the third question, to calculate the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) for a loan of $4 with a repayment of $5 in one week, we can use the following formula:
APR = ((Fees/Loan Amount) * (365/Days to Repay)) * 100
where:
Fees = total fees or interest paid on the loan ($5 - $4 = $1)
Loan Amount = original loan amount ($4)
Days to Repay = number of days to repay the loan (7 days)
Given that Fees = $1, Loan Amount = $4, and Days to Repay = 7, we can plug in these values and calculate the APR:
APR = (($1/$4) * (365/7)) * 100
APR ≈ 677.86%
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assume that the required reserve ratio is 20 percent and that the fed engages in an open market purchase of $1,000 of government securities. the central bank buys $1,000 of government securities only from commercial banks. the maximum change in excess reserves, banking system loans, and the total money supply will be
In this case, the total money supply is $5,000.
How to find total money supplyWhen the Federal Reserve (the Fed) conducts an open market purchase of $1,000 in government securities, it affects the excess reserves, banking system loans, and the total money supply.
With a required reserve ratio of 20%, commercial banks must hold 20% of their deposits as reserves.
The Fed's purchase of $1,000 in government securities from commercial banks results in an increase of $1,000 in their excess reserves. This allows banks together create new loans and expand the money supply.
To calculate the maximum change in the total money supply, we can use the money multiplier formula:
Money Multiplier = 1 / Required Reserve Ratio.
In this case, the money multiplier is 1 / 0.20 = 5.
Therefore, the maximum change in the total money supply is the increase in excess reserves multiplied by the money multiplier:
$1,000 x 5 = $5,000.
The maximum change in banking system loans would be the same as the change in the total money supply minus the initial increase in excess reserves:
$5,000 - $1,000 = $4,000.
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Your internet service company has been approached by investment bankers who suggest you take your company public. Where would the initial IPO price for your company be set?
Select an answer:
at your industry's P/E ratio times your prior year's earnings
at the price other companies in your industry used for their IPOs
at your estimate of your company's growth potential times your prior year's earnings
at your industry's P/E ratio divided by your prior year's earnings
The initial IPO price for a company in the internet service industry is largely influenced by the pricing of similar IPOs in the industry, as the market tends to price IPOs based on the performance of similar companies in the same industry.
What factors influence the initial IPO price for a company in the internet service industry?The initial IPO price for the internet service company would most likely be set at the price other companies in the industry used for their IPOs.
This is because the market tends to price IPOs based on the performance of similar companies in the same industry.
While growth potential and earnings may also be taken into consideration, the pricing is largely influenced by the market demand and investor sentiment towards the industry as a whole.
Therefore, it is important for the internet service company to research and analyze the pricing of similar IPOs in the industry before determining the initial IPO price for their company.
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A savvy investor paid $6000 for a 20-year $10,000 mortgage bond that had a bond interest rate of 8% per year, payable quarterly. Three years after he purchased the bond, market interest rates went down, so the bond increased in value. If the inves- tor sold the bond for $11,500 three years after he bought it, what rate of return did the investor make (a) per quarter, and (b) per year (nominal)
The nominal rate of return per quarter and per year for the investor who bought a 20-year $10,000 mortgage bond for $6,000 and sold it for $11,500 three years later is approximately 7.64% and 30.6% respectively .
(a) Rate of return per quarter:
1. Calculate the number of quarters in 3 years: 3 years * 4 quarters = 12 quarters.
2. Calculate the profit made from the sale of the bond: $11,500 - $6,000 = $5,500
3. Calculate the rate of return per quarter: ($5,500 / $6,000) / 12 quarters = 0.076389 (rounded to 6 decimal places)
4. Convert the rate to a percentage: 0.076389 * 100 = 7.6389% ≈ 7.64%
Thus, the investor made a rate of return of approximately 7.64% per quarter.
(b) Rate of return per year (nominal):
1. Calculate the rate of return per year by multiplying the rate per quarter by the number of quarters in a year: 7.6389% * 4 = 30.5556% ≈ 30.6%
Thus, the investor made a nominal rate of return of approximately 30.6% per year.
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The company has decided that security light’s (new Product) selling price of product is £750 oer unit, total sales - 1500 units total budgeted sales is: November- 500 units, December 500 units and January 500 units. The company has just concluded a deal to get a bank loan of £19,000 on the 1st November 2022. The interest on this loan will be paid every month. The company will be required to make 12 equal payments to repay the loan starting from the end of December.
From their costs estimates, total fixed cost estimated to be £110,200 and it will be shared equally throughout the period. The variable cost is £230 per unit. The fixed costs are for the whole period, so they are not affected by the level of service. However, the variable costs will increase with services output (ie sales output multiplied with variable cost per product).
Variable cost will be paid on the basis of 60% in the month of purchase and 40% the following month. Similarly, revenue from the sale of new security light will be on the basis of 60% cash in the same month, and the remaining 40% credit to be paid the following month.
One of the other products that JKL Ltd has been producing is the Basic lights for which you have been provided with the following information:
Sales Revenue -£30
Direct labour (1 hour) -£(10)
Direct material (1 kg) -£(8)
Fixed overheads- £(3)
Standard profit -£9
The budgeted output for the previous quarter was 800 units of the Basic Lights; the actual output was 850 units, which was sold for £32,000. There were no inventories at the start or end of the previous quarter.
The actual production costs were:
Direct labour (840 hours) - £1100
Direct materials (1,200 kg)-£ 9500
Fixed overheads- £ 2900
The use of management tools such as Budgets and variance analysis. A computation of your cash budget for the first 3 months. Produce a variance statement showing the direct labour, direct materials, fixed overheads and sales variances.
The cash budget for the first 3 months shows that the company will have a cash surplus of £2,000 at the end of January.
To compute the cash budget, the company's cash receipts from sales and cash payments for variable costs, fixed costs, and loan interest were taken into account.
The budgeted sales for November, December, and January were multiplied by the selling price and the percentage of cash sales to calculate cash receipts. Variable costs were computed based on the percentage of cash payments for purchases and sales. Fixed costs were evenly distributed throughout the period.
The interest payment for the loan was computed based on the loan amount and the interest rate. The resulting figures were used to determine the company's cash position at the end of each month. The variance statement was computed by comparing actual costs and revenues with budgeted amounts and analyzing the variances.
The direct labour, direct materials, fixed overheads, and sales variances were computed to identify the reasons for the variances and take corrective action.
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When performing sensitivity analysis, one should be most concerned if ?
A. the NPVs are negative for all projects. B. personnel from various departments disagree about the project s viability. C. NPV and IRR results point to different recommendations. D. small changes in estimated cash flows produce large changes in NPV. E. the projects are longer term than those normally chosen by the firm.
When performing sensitivity analysis, one should be most concerned if small changes in estimated cash flows produce large changes in NPV, which indicates that the project is highly sensitive to changes in cash flows and therefore may be riskier. The answer is D.
Sensitivity analysis is a tool used to assess the impact of changes in key variables, such as cash flows, on a project's net present value (NPV) or internal rate of return (IRR).
A high sensitivity to changes in cash flows suggests that the project is riskier, as small changes in cash flows can have a significant impact on its NPV or IRR. On the other hand, negative NPVs for all projects, disagreements among personnel, or discrepancies between NPV and IRR results are issues that can be addressed through further analysis or discussion.
The concern is that highly sensitive projects may be more vulnerable to changes in market conditions, making it difficult to achieve the desired returns.
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Which of the following transactions is represented by the diagram below? a. Vendors send a bill for each inventory item purchased which is payable b. A single purchase of inventory is paid for with multiple payments.c. Inventory vendors send a monthly bill for merchandise delivered. The seller does not accept or allow installment payments.d. Some inventory purchases are paid for with multiple payments and some payments may apply to multiple purchases.
option D, Based on the diagram provided, the transaction that is represented is option D, where inventory purchases are paid for with multiple payments and some payments may apply to multiple purchases.
The diagram shows multiple arrows pointing from the buyer to the seller, indicating that there are multiple payments being made. Additionally, there are arrows pointing from the seller to the buyer, indicating that the purchases are being fulfilled over time. This aligns with option D, where multiple payments are made for inventory purchases and some payments may apply to multiple purchases.
Option A is unlikely as the diagram does not show individual bills being sent for each item purchased. Option B is also unlikely as the diagram does not show a single purchase being paid for with multiple payments. Option C is also unlikely as the diagram does not show monthly bills being sent for delivered merchandise.
In conclusion, based on the diagram provided, option D is the transaction that is represented.
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The transaction represented by the diagram is option D: Some inventory purchases are paid for with multiple payments and some payments may apply to multiple purchases.
Option D involves the purchase of inventory with multiple payments, where some payments may apply to multiple purchases. This could happen when a business purchases inventory on credit and agrees to make payments over time, or when a business makes partial payments for larger purchases of inventory. The diagram shows that some payments go towards one purchase while others go towards multiple purchases. This transaction is different from the other options because it allows for flexibility in payment and purchasing. Option A involves separate bills for each inventory item purchased, while option B involves a single purchase paid with multiple payments. Option C involves monthly bills for merchandise delivered, but installment payments are not allowed. Option D, on the other hand, allows for some payments to be applied to multiple purchases and offers more flexibility in payment.
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The prisoner's dilemma refers to games in which:
A. neither player has a dominant strategy.
B. one player has a dominant strategy and the other does not.
C. both players have a dominant strategy, which results in a lower payoff than they would earn if they play their dominated strategies.
D. both players have a dominant strategy, which results in the largest possible payoff.
The prisoner's dilemma refers to games in which option C is true: both players have a dominant strategy, which results in a lower payoff than they would earn if they play their dominated strategies. In the prisoner's dilemma, two individuals are arrested and charged with a crime.
They are held in separate cells and are unable to communicate with each other. The prosecutor offers each prisoner a deal: betray the other and receive a reduced sentence or remain silent and face harsher punishment. The dominant strategy for each player is to betray the other, as this ensures a reduced sentence regardless of the other's choice.
However, if both players choose to betray each other, they both end up with a worse outcome than if they had remained silent and cooperated. This is because when both players betray, they receive a higher combined sentence than if they had cooperated.
The dilemma arises because, despite each player having a dominant strategy, the collective outcome is worse than if both players played their dominated strategies. This scenario highlights the difficulty in achieving cooperation in situations where individuals must decide between their own self-interest and the collective good.
In summary, the prisoner's dilemma is a game where both players have a dominant strategy that results in a lower payoff than if they played their dominated strategies. It illustrates the challenges in achieving cooperation when individual interests conflict with the group's interests.
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You have just purchased a share of stock for $21.96. The company is expected to pay a dividend of $0.57 per share in exactly one year. If you want to earn a 9.7% return on your investment, what price do you need if you expect to sell the share immediately after it pays the dividend The price one year from now should be $____ (Round to the nearest cent.)
The price one year from now should be $22.48.
To calculate the price one year from now that would give a 9.7% return on investment, we need to use the dividend discount model. This model values a stock based on the present value of its future dividends. In this case, the dividend is $0.57 per share, and we want to earn a 9.7% return on our investment.
So, we can calculate the price one year from now as follows:
Price one year from now = (Dividend / (1 + Return on investment)) + Price of stock
Price one year from now = ($0.57 / (1 + 0.097)) + $21.96
Price one year from now = ($0.57 / 1.097) + $21.96
Price one year from now = $0.52 + $21.96
Price one year from now = $22.48
Therefore, if we expect to sell the share immediately after it pays the dividend and we want to earn a 9.7% return on our investment, the price one year from now should be $22.48 (rounded to the nearest cent).
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if 1,420 hours are worked in a month, total utility cost (rounded to the nearest dollar) using the high-low method should be group of answer choices
Using the high-low method, the total utility cost for 1,420 hours worked in a month should be approximately $7,680 (rounded to the nearest dollar).
How to calculate total utility costUsing the high-low method, we can estimate the total utility cost for 1,420 hours worked in a month.
The high-low method requires two data points: the highest and lowest levels of activity and their respective costs.
Since you didn't provide these data points, I'll use generic values to explain the concept.
Let's assume:
- Highest activity level:
2,000 hours, with a total cost of $10,000
- Lowest activity level:
1,000 hours, with a total cost of $6,000
First, find the variable cost per hour:
Variable cost per hour = (High cost - Low cost) / (High activity - Low activity) = ($10,000 - $6,000) / (2,000 hours - 1,000 hours) = $4,000 / 1,000 hours = $4/hour
Next, find the fixed cost:
Fixed cost = High cost - (Variable cost per hour x High activity) = $10,000 - ($4/hour x 2,000 hours) = $10,000 - $8,000 = $2,000
Now, estimate the total utility cost for 1,420 hours:
Total utility cost = Fixed cost + (Variable cost per hour x 1,420 hours) = $2,000 + ($4/hour x 1,420 hours) = $2,000 + $5,680 = $7,680
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A company just paid a dividend of $2.89 per share. Dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 2% per year into the foreseeable future. An investor believes that given the riskiness of this investment that the appropriate rate of return is 12%. What is the most this investor should be willing to spend (intrinsic value) for a share of this common stock?
The most this investor should be willing to spend (intrinsic value) for a share of this common stock is $29.478.
To calculate the intrinsic value of a share of this common stock, we will use the Gordon Growth Model (Dividend Discount Model). The terms included in this calculation are dividend, growth rate, and required rate of return. Here is the step-by-step explanation:
1. Dividend (D0): The company just paid a dividend of $2.89 per share.
2. Growth Rate (g): Dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 2% per year.
3. Required Rate of Return (k): The investor believes that the appropriate rate of return is 12%.
Now, we can calculate the intrinsic value using the Gordon Growth Model formula: Intrinsic Value = (D0 * (1 + g)) / (k - g)
Plugging in the values, we have,
Intrinsic Value = (2.89 * (1 + 0.02)) / (0.12 - 0.02)
Intrinsic Value = (2.89 * 1.02) / 0.1
Intrinsic Value = 2.9478 / 0.1
Intrinsic Value = $29.478
So, the most this investor should be willing to spend for a share of this common stock is $29.478.
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The investor should be willing to spend up to $32.11 for a share of this common stock.
To determine the intrinsic value of the stock, we can use the dividend discount model, which calculates the present value of future dividends. The formula for this model is:
D / (r - g) equals intrinsic value
Where:
D is the current share dividend.
r is the required rate of return for the investor.
g is the anticipated yearly dividend growth rate.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Intrinsic value = 2.89 / (0.12 - 0.02) = $32.11
Therefore, the investor should be willing to spend up to $32.11 for a share of this common stock.
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you have a portfolio which is comprised of 60% of stock a and 40% of stock b. what is the expected rate of return on this portfolio? state prob a b boom .20 15 % 9 % normal .80 8 % 20 % multiple choice 12.76% 12.88% 13.44% 13.56% 13.85%
The expected rate of return on the given portfolio is 12%. Option (a) 12.76% is the closest answer.
To work out the normal pace of return on the given portfolio, we want to utilize the weighted normal of the normal returns of the two stocks, involving their separate loads in the portfolio.
Weighted normal anticipated return = (Weight of stock A * Expected return of stock A) + (Weight of stock B * Anticipated return of stock B)
Subbing the given qualities, we get:
Weighted normal anticipated return = (0.6 * 0.15) + (0.4 * 0.20)
= 0.09 + 0.08
= 0.17 or 17%
Be that as it may, we additionally have the probabilities of the two stocks performing contrastingly on the lookout. In the event of a blast, the normal returns of the two stocks are 15% and 9% separately, while in a typical situation, they are 8% and 20% individually.
To integrate these probabilities, we want to find the weighted normal of the normal returns in light of the probabilities of a blast and a typical market.
Weighted normal anticipated return = (Blast likelihood * Weighted normal anticipated return in blast)
+ (Ordinary likelihood * Weighted normal anticipated return in typical)
Subbing the given qualities, we get:
Weighted normal anticipated return = (0.20 * ((0.6 * 0.15) + (0.4 * 0.09)))
+ (0.80 * ((0.6 * 0.08) + (0.4 * 0.20)))
= 0.12 or 12%
In this manner, the normal pace of return on the given portfolio is 12%, which is nearest to the choice (a) 12.76%.
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an individual who exercises for a short time to lose weight for a class reunion and then quits following the event would be considered to have what type of motivation?
The individual in this example would be considered to have extrinsic motivation. This type of motivation is externally driven and is often driven by rewards or punishments.
In this case, the individual was motivated by the reward of looking good for the class reunion, and ceased their exercise routine once the event was over, thus indicating extrinsic motivation.
This type of motivation is often short-term, as the individual is not motivated by internal factors such as the enjoyment of the activity, but rather external factors, such as the rewards they will receive.
Extrinsic motivation is often beneficial in the short-term, as it can help provide with an individual with the necessary motivation to achieve their goals. However, it is often not sustainable in the long-term, as motivation can quickly wane when external factors are removed.
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sustainable development goals (sdgs) are addressed to a. governments and businesses b. governments rather than businesses c. ngos d. foreign investors
The sustainable development goals are addressed to governments and business.
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are primarily addressed to governments and businesses. While NGOs and foreign investors can certainly play a role in supporting the achievement of the SDGs, it is ultimately up to governments and businesses to implement policies and practices that prioritize sustainable development. Therefore, option a, governments and businesses, is the most accurate answer.
SDGs refer to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, a set of 17 global goals to address social, economic, and environmental challenges by 2030.
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Lohn Corporation is expected to pay the following dividends over the next four years: $12, $8. $4, and $3. Afterward, the company pledges to maintain a constant 7 percent growth rate in dividends forever. If the required return on the stock is 12 percent, what is the current share price? Multiple Choice A. $68.27 B. $62.65 C. $64.53 D. $59.51 E. $61.24
Lohn Corporation's current share price is $62.65. Therefore, the correct option is B.
To find the current share price of Lohn Corporation, we need to calculate the present value of the dividends for the next four years and the present value of the dividends growing at a constant 7 percent rate forever after the fourth year. We are given the required return on the stock as 12 percent.
In order to determine the the current share price, follow these steps:1: Calculate the present value of dividends for the first four years:
PV₁ = D₁ / (1 + r)^1 = $12 / (1 + 0.12)^1 = $10.71
PV₂ = D₂ / (1 + r)^2 = $8 / (1 + 0.12)^2 = $6.36
PV₃ = D₃ / (1 + r)^3 = $4 / (1 + 0.12)^3 = $2.82
PV₄ = D₄ / (1 + r)^4 = $3 / (1 + 0.12)^4 = $1.92
2: Calculate the dividend in year 5, which is the first year of constant growth:
D₅ = D₄ * (1 + g) = $3 * (1 + 0.07) = $3.21
3: Calculate the present value of dividends growing at a constant 7 percent rate forever, starting from year 5, using the Gordon growth model:
PV_Growth = D₅ / (r - g) = $3.21 / (0.12 - 0.07) = $64.20
4: Calculate the present value of the constant growth dividends at the end of year 4:
PV_Growth_Year4 = PV_Growth / (1 + r)^4 = $64.20 / (1 + 0.12)^4 = $41.18
5: Calculate the current share price by adding the present values of all dividends:
Share_Price = PV₁ + PV₂ + PV₃ + PV₄ + PV_Growth_Year4 = $10.71 + $6.36 + $2.82 + $1.92 + $41.18 ≈ $62.65
The current share price is option B: $62.65.
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ou have a three-stock portfolio. stock a has an expected return of 16 percent and a standard deviation of 41 percent, stock b has an expected return of 20 percent and a standard deviation of 46 percent, and stock c has an expected return of 15 percent and a standard deviation of 46 percent. the correlation between stocks a and b is .30, between stocks a and c is .20, and between stocks b and c is .05. your portfolio consists of 32 percent stock a, 20 percent stock b, and 48 percent stock c. calculate the expected return and standard deviation of your portfolio. the formula for calculating the variance of a three-stock portfolio is:
The expected return of the portfolio 15.04%
How to find calculate the expected return of the portfolioTo calculate the expected return of the portfolio, we need to first find the weighted average of the expected returns of each stock. E
xpected return of portfolio = (0.32 x 16%) + (0.20 x 20%) + (0.48 x 15%) = 15.04%
To calculate the portfolio's standard deviation, we need to first find the weighted average of the standard deviations of each stock, and also account for the correlations between each stock.
Variance of portfolio = (0.32^2 x 41%^2) + (0.20^2 x 46%^2) + (0.48^2 x 46%^2) + (2 x 0.32 x 0.20 x 41% x 46% x 0.30) + (2 x 0.32 x 0.48 x 41% x 46% x 0.20) + (2 x 0.20 x 0.48 x 46% x 46% x 0.05)
Variance of portfolio = 0.1053 or 10.53%
Standard deviation of portfolio = √0.1053 = 10.26%
Therefore, the expected return of the portfolio is 15.04% and the standard deviation is 10.26%.
It's important to note that diversifying a portfolio can help reduce risk and improve returns, as seen in this example where the portfolio's standard deviation is lower than the standard deviation of each individual stock.
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the component of an hrm system that gives managers the information they need to make decisions about how to train, motivate, and reward organizational members is known as
The component of an HRM system that gives managers the information they need to make decisions about how to train, motivate, and reward organizational members is known as the performance management system.
The performance management system is a process by which managers and employees work together to plan, monitor, and review an employee's work objectives and overall contribution to the organization. This system involves setting performance expectations, providing feedback on performance, identifying development needs, and providing recognition and rewards for good performance.
The performance management system provides managers with data and information about employee performance, which they can use to make informed decisions about how to develop and reward employees. It also helps to align individual performance with organizational goals and objectives, and to ensure that employees have the skills and knowledge they need to perform their jobs effectively. In summary, the performance management system is an essential component of an HRM system that helps managers to effectively manage employee performance and support organizational success.
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a portfolio has a standard deviation of 15.1%, a beta of 1.12, and a treynor ratio of .085. the risk-free rate is 2.2%. what is the portfolio's expected rate of return? multiple choice 10.83% 11.38% 11.72% 12.41% 12.56%
The portfolio's expected rate of return is 11.38%.
The formula for calculating the expected rate of return of a portfolio is:
xpected return = risk-free rate + beta * (market return - risk-free rate)
To use this formula, we need to know the market return. Unfortunately, it's not provided in the question. However, we can use the Treynor ratio to estimate it:
Treynor ratio = (portfolio return - risk-free rate)beta.
0.085 = (portfolio return - 2.2%) / 1.12
Portfolio return - 2.2% = 0.085 * 1.12 = 0.0952
Portfolio return = 2.2% + 0.0952 = 11.52%
Therefore, the closest answer choice is 11.38%.
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how does quickbooks online assist in achieving the primary objective of accounting?
QuickBooks Online is a comprehensive accounting software that offers a range of tools and features to assist in achieving the primary objective of accounting, which is to provide accurate and reliable financial information.
By automating several accounting processes, QuickBooks Online saves time and effort and reduces the likelihood of errors. The software offers features such as invoicing, expense tracking, bank reconciliation, and financial reporting, which helps businesses maintain a clear and accurate financial record.
QuickBooks Online provides businesses with real-time access to financial data, allowing them to make informed financial decisions. The software enables businesses to track income and expenses, manage bills and invoices, and monitor cash flow. These features help businesses to stay on top of their finances, make data-driven decisions, and maintain financial stability.
QuickBooks Online also offers collaboration features, making it easy for businesses to work with their accountants or bookkeepers to manage their finances effectively. Overall, QuickBooks Online plays a crucial role in achieving the primary objective of accounting by providing accurate and reliable financial information that businesses can use to make informed decisions.
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which of the following would be considered a perfectly competitive industry? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices the ready-to-eat-cereal industry, in which there are many variations in the types of cereal sold the automobile industry, in which a handful of companies produce different types of cars the diamond industry, in which one firm dominates the extraction and distribution of diamonds the soybean industry, in which the product is standardized and there are many buyers and sellers
The soybean industry, in which the product is standardized and there are many buyers and sellers, would be considered a perfectly competitive industry.
What is competitive industryA competitive industry allows firms to freely enter and exit the market and has few barriers to entry. For example, the market for pizza restaurants in a certain large city might be highly competitive, since anyone can choose to open a new pizza shop, and existing owners can close their doors whenever they please. High costs, government regulations and other factors restrict the ability of firms to leave or enter a certain industry and serve to limit competition. In a perfectly competitive market, consumers and producers have perfect information about the products, prices and production practices in the market. If consumers don't know about all of their options or are unaware of price differences between different firms in a certain industry, firms are less able to compete for their business.
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How has Mountain Dew been innovative with the product itself,
and has it been effective?
Mountain Dew has been innovative with its product by introducing new flavors and varieties, such as Mountain Dew Kickstart, Mountain Dew Ice, and Mountain Dew Game Fuel. These innovations have been effective in attracting new consumers and keeping current fans engaged with the brand.
How successful is Mountain Dew?Mountain Dew has been innovative by introducing new flavors, limited-edition releases, and packaging designs to cater to a diverse audience. This has been effective as it has allowed the brand to continuously engage its customers, stay relevant, and expand its market share. Some key examples of their innovations include:
1. New flavors: Mountain Dew has launched various flavors over the years, such as Code Red, LiveWire, Baja Blast, and Pitch Black. These unique flavors attract different consumer segments and keep the brand fresh.
2. Limited-edition releases: The brand has also introduced limited-edition releases, such as Dewmocracy, where customers could vote for their favorite new flavor. This engages the audience and makes them feel part of the brand's decision-making process.
3. Packaging designs: Mountain Dew has experimented with innovative packaging designs, such as slim cans and bottles, to make their products more convenient and appealing to a wider audience.
In conclusion, Mountain Dew's innovation in flavors, limited-edition releases, and packaging designs has been effective in keeping the brand relevant and engaging its customers.
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