Total quality costs are the sum of all costs associated with ensuring product or service quality.
This includes costs of prevention, appraisal, and internal and external failure costs. Management costs, however, are not included in total quality costs. Management costs are typically considered overhead expenses that are not directly related to the production or provision of the product or service. Prevention costs include costs associated with quality planning, training, and process control to prevent defects from occurring. Appraisal costs include the costs of inspecting and testing products or services to ensure they meet quality standards. Internal failure costs are the costs of correcting defects before the product or service is delivered to the customer. External failure costs are the costs of correcting defects after the product or service has been delivered to the customer. By understanding these costs, a company can identify areas where quality can be improved and costs can be reduced.
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What are the key policies, practices, business principles, and procedures that underlie how Howard Schultz and Starbucks’ management implemented and executed the company’s evolving strategy?Select "yes" for those statements below that are accurate and choose "no" for those that are not.Putting a strong emphasis on proper training of Starbucks employees (most especially those working in Starbucks retail stores).(Click to select) Yes NoBuilding the organizational capabilities to make appealing coffee drinks, create an appealing store ambience, and provide very good customer service.(Click to select) Yes NoStarbucks has centralized its decision making; decisions are then communicated to employees by store managers.(Click to select) Yes NoSystems for recruiting, hiring, and training baristas and store managers to staff new and existing stores has been outsourced so Starbucks can focus on core processes.(Click to select) Yes NoGet employees to enthusiastically communicate their knowledge about coffee to customers and to exude a passion about Starbucks.(Click to select) Yes NoAll Starbucks’ ideas come from leadership; employees are not involved in providing ideas for the company.(Click to select) Yes NoEmployee turnover rate is very high because of the high performance standards employees are held to.(Click to select) Yes NoTightly connect the company’s core values to both the culture and the strategy.(Click to select) Yes NoProvide good compensation and a good benefits package.(Click to select) Yes NoQuality control practices (flavor, freshness, pure coffee aromas in stores).(Click to select) Yes No
Howard Schultz and Starbucks’ management implemented and executed the company’s evolving strategy by putting a strong emphasis on proper training of Starbucks employees, building organizational capabilities to make appealing coffee drinks, create an appealing store ambience, and provide excellent customer service.
Starbucks has not centralized its decision making; decisions are communicated to employees by store managers. Systems for recruiting, hiring, and training baristas and store managers to staff new and existing stores have not been outsourced so that Starbucks can focus on core processes. Employees are encouraged to enthusiastically communicate their knowledge about coffee to customers and exude a passion for Starbucks. Starbucks encourages employee involvement in providing ideas for the company. Employee turnover rate is high due to the high-performance standards employees are held to. The company’s core values are tightly connected to both the culture and strategy, and Starbucks provides good compensation and benefits packages. Quality control practices are in place to ensure flavor, freshness, and pure coffee aromas in stores.
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q division had total assets of $4,000,000 and net income of $560,000 and sales of $3,000,000 and a required rate of return of 12 percent. the residual income for the period was:
To calculate the residual income for the period, we need to subtract the required return on assets from the net income. The required return on assets is determined by multiplying the total assets by the required rate of return.
Given:
Total assets: $4,000,000
Net income: $560,000
Sales: $3,000,000
Required rate of return: 12%
First, we calculate the required return on assets:
Required return on assets = Total assets * Required rate of return
Required return on assets = $4,000,000 * 12% = $480,000
Next, we calculate the residual income:
Residual income = Net income - Required return on assets
Residual income = $560,000 - $480,000 = $80,000
Therefore, the residual income for the period is $80,000.
Residual income represents the excess or shortfall of a division's net income compared to the return required by its investors. In this case, the division generated a net income of $560,000, which exceeded the required return on assets of $480,000. The positive residual income of $80,000 indicates that the division has performed better than expected and has created value for its investors.Residual income is a useful financial metric for evaluating the profitability and efficiency of a division or business unit. It provides insight into the division's ability to generate returns above the minimum required by investors. A positive residual income indicates that the division is earning more than its cost of capital, while a negative residual income suggests that the division is not meeting the required return and may be eroding shareholder value.
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Immediate confirmation corrects errors that, if made and not corrected throughout the training, might establish an undesirable pattern that would need to be unlearned.true or false
True. Immediate confirmation is an important aspect of the training process, as it helps to correct errors before they become ingrained and lead to unwanted patterns of behavior.
When learners receive immediate feedback on their performance, they are better able to identify and correct errors, and to reinforce correct responses. This can help to establish positive habits and prevent learners from developing undesirable patterns that would need to be unlearned later on. In addition, immediate confirmation can help to build confidence and motivation, as learners are able to see their progress and feel a sense of accomplishment as they improve.
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nancy operates a business that uses the accrual method of accounting. in december, nancy asked her brother, hank, to provide her business with consulting advice. hank billed nancy for $7,700 of consulting services in year 0 (a reasonable amount), but nancy was only able to pay $4,300 of the bill by the end of this year. however, nancy paid the remainder of the bill in the following year. problem 9-77 part-a (algo) a. how much of the $7,700 consulting services will hank include in his income this year if he uses the cash method of accounting? what amount can nancy deduct this year for the consulting services?
If Hank uses the cash method of accounting, he will include in his income only the amount he received in cash during the year. Since Nancy paid $4,300 of the $7,700 bill in the current year, Hank will include $4,300 in his income for this year.
On the other hand, Nancy can deduct the amount she paid for the consulting services during the year. Since she paid $4,300 in the current year, she can deduct the same amount as an expense for this year.
To summarize:
Hank will include $4,300 in his income this year (using the cash method).
Nancy can deduct $4,300 as an expense for the consulting services this year.
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Which statement BEST describes why a successful entrepreneur needs to be flexible
a. Starting a new business often leads to envy in the wider business community.
b. People with whom entrepreneurs work are often opinionated and rigid.
c. Entrepreneurial ventures involve risky situations and unexpected events.
d. Initial business revenues tend to be low and may remain low for several years.
The statement that BEST describes why a successful entrepreneur needs to be flexible is c. Entrepreneurial ventures involve risky situations and unexpected events.
Successful entrepreneurs must be able to adapt to changes and unexpected challenges that may arise in their business ventures. Being flexible allows them to pivot their strategies and make necessary changes to remain competitive and successful.
The entrepreneurial journey is characterized by taking risks, navigating through uncharted territories, and adapting to changing market conditions. Flexibility enables entrepreneurs to quickly respond to unforeseen circumstances, adjust their strategies, and seize new opportunities. It helps them navigate through obstacles, pivot their business models if needed, and embrace innovation. By being flexible, entrepreneurs can effectively manage the uncertainties and complexities inherent in entrepreneurial endeavors, increasing their chances of success in a dynamic and competitive business landscape.
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long-term equity anticipations (leaps) area. stocks that have a maturity date.b. stocks that are converted to bonds once the price reaches a specified level.c. stock options with longer terms to expiration than the more traditional stock options.d. stock index futures that can have a more distant settlement date than the more typical stock options.
C. Stock options with longer terms to expiration than the more traditional stock options.
LEAPS, or Long-term Equity Anticipation Securities, are long-term stock options that have an expiration date of up to three years in the future. This is in contrast to traditional stock options which usually have an expiration date within a year. LEAPS allow investors to have more time to profit from a bullish or bearish view on a particular stock. LEAPS also have a higher premium than traditional stock options due to the longer expiration period, which means investors need to pay more upfront. LEAPS are often used as a hedging tool for long-term stock holdings or for longer-term speculation on stock price movements.
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At the beginning of the year, Trust estimates overhead to be $700,000, machine hours to be 200,000, and direct labor hours to be 35,000.
Based on the information provided, Trust has estimated its overhead for the year to be $700,000.
Additionally, Trust has estimated that it will use 200,000 machine hours and 35,000 direct labor hours during the year.
This information is likely being used by Trust to develop a predetermined overhead rate, which is used to allocate overhead costs to products or services based on their use of production resources. The predetermined overhead rate is calculated by dividing the estimated total overhead costs for the year by the estimated total amount of the allocation base, which in this case is either machine hours or direct labor hours.
For example, if Trust chooses to use machine hours as the allocation base, the predetermined overhead rate would be calculated as follows:
Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated total overhead costs for the year / Estimated total machine hours for the yearPredetermined overhead rate = $700,000 / 200,000 machine hours
Predetermined overhead rate = $3.50 per machine hour
Similarly, if Trust chooses to use direct labor hours as the allocation base, the predetermined overhead rate would be calculated as follows:
Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated total overhead costs for the year / Estimated total direct labor hours for the yearPredetermined overhead rate = $700,000 / 35,000 direct labor hours
Predetermined overhead rate = $20 per direct labor hour
Once the predetermined overhead rate is established, Trust can use it to allocate overhead costs to its products or services based on their use of machine or direct labor hours.
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a(n) staffing approach is more likely to be effective when implementing a multinational strategy. a. polycentric b. ethnocentric c. regional d. third-country
The correct answer is a. Polycentric staffing approach is more likely to be effective when implementing a multinational strategy. In a polycentric staffing approach, host-country nationals are primarily hired to manage subsidiaries in their respective countries.
This approach is effective because it allows the organization to take advantage of the local knowledge, culture, and customs of the host country. It also demonstrates a commitment to the local community, which can improve the organization's reputation and reduce potential conflicts. In contrast, an ethnocentric staffing approach involves hiring employees from the home country to fill key positions in subsidiaries abroad. This approach can create cultural barriers and limit local responsiveness. A regional staffing approach focuses on hiring employees from a specific region to manage subsidiaries in that region. While this approach can be effective in promoting regional integration and reducing cultural barriers, it may not be suitable for global organizations with operations in multiple regions. Finally, a third-country staffing approach involves hiring employees from neither the home country nor the host country to manage subsidiaries. This approach is typically used when the organization is unable to find suitable candidates from the home or host country.
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an example of an input at an organizational level is . question 12 options: communication structure power conflict motivation
An example of an input at an organizational level is communication structure. Communication structure refers to the formal and informal channels of communication that exist within an organization.
The way communication is structured within an organization can greatly impact the way information is shared, decisions are made, and tasks are completed. For example, if an organization has a hierarchical communication structure, where information flows from the top-down, it may result in lower-level employees feeling disempowered and disengaged. On the other hand, if an organization has a more democratic communication structure, where information flows freely in all directions, it may result in higher levels of employee engagement and collaboration. Therefore, it is essential for organizations to carefully consider their communication structure as it can significantly impact employee motivation, conflict, and ultimately the success of the organization.
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what can leaders do to be effective when team members are from different cultures and have different expectations about how the leaders should behave?
Leaders can be effective when team members are from different cultures and have different expectations by embracing diversity and fostering an inclusive environment.
Explanation:
1. Embrace diversity: Leaders should recognize and appreciate the differences among their team members and leverage those differences to promote creativity, innovation, and productivity. They should encourage team members to share their unique perspectives and ideas, which can lead to better decision-making and problem-solving.
2. Foster an inclusive environment: Leaders should create an environment that values and respects all team members, regardless of their cultural background. They should communicate clearly and frequently with their team members and make an effort to understand their needs, expectations, and concerns. They should also ensure that all team members have equal opportunities to participate and contribute to the team's success.
3. Learn about different cultures: Leaders should educate themselves about the cultures represented on their team. They should learn about the values, customs, and traditions of each culture and be mindful of how they might impact team dynamics and communication. This can help leaders avoid misunderstandings and build stronger relationships with their team members.
4. Adapt leadership style: Leaders should be flexible and adapt their leadership style to meet the needs of their team members. They should recognize that different cultures may have different expectations about how leaders should behave, communicate, and make decisions. By adapting their leadership style to meet the needs of their team members, leaders can build trust and respect, which can ultimately lead to greater team cohesion and success.
Overall, effective leadership in a multicultural team requires a willingness to embrace diversity, foster an inclusive environment, learn about different cultures, and adapt leadership style. By doing so, leaders can build strong relationships with their team members and achieve greater success.
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what nominal return would an investor need to receive if he desires a real return of 4% and the rate of inflation is 5%? enter your answer rounded to 1 decimal place (for example 3.2, not 0.032).
To calculate the nominal return required to achieve a desired real return, we need to consider the rate of inflation.
Given:
Real return: 4% (0.04)
Rate of inflation: 5% (0.05)
The formula to calculate the nominal return is:
Nominal Return = (1 + Real Return) * (1 + Rate of Inflation) - 1
Nominal Return = (1 + 0.04) * (1 + 0.05) - 1
Nominal Return = 1.04 * 1.05 - 1
Nominal Return = 1.092 - 1
Nominal Return = 0.092
Converting to a percentage, the nominal return required is 9.2%.Therefore, the investor would need to receive a nominal return of 9.2% to achieve a desired real return of 4% when the rate of inflation is 5%.
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T/F : semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.
The statement is False. Semistructured information refers to information that has some level of structure but also contains unstructured elements. It does not specifically refer to the knowledge residing in the heads of experienced employees.
Semistructured information refers to data or information that has a certain level of organization or structure but may also contain unstructured elements. It is characterized by a mix of structured and unstructured data. Examples of semi structured information include emails, documents with labeled fields, spreadsheets with defined columns, and XML files.
On the other hand, knowledge residing in the heads of experienced employees is often considered tacit knowledge. Tacit knowledge refers to the personal knowledge and expertise that individuals possess but may find challenging to articulate or transfer to others explicitly. It is often based on personal experiences, insights, and intuitions, and is not inherently structured.
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in which of the following cases is the government's action appropriate for reducing inefficiency? responses taxation of the output of a chocolate factory that emits an aroma tha residents of the city enjoy taxation of the output of a chocolate factory that emits an aroma tha residents of the city enjoy regulation that reduces the output of a monopoly regulation that reduces the output of a monopoly a lump-sum tax on a monopolist a lump-sum tax on a monopolist a subsidy for the consumption of a good produced by a plant that emits a pollutant as a by-product a subsidy for the consumption of a good produced by a plant that emits a pollutant as a by-product a toll on a congested bridge
The government's action is appropriate for reducing inefficiency in the case of regulation that reduces the output of a monopoly.
When a monopoly exists, it has the power to restrict output and charges higher prices, leading to market inefficiency and reduced consumer welfare. By implementing regulation that reduces the output of a monopoly, the government can promote competition and enhance market efficiency. This can be achieved through measures such as setting production quotas, price controls, or breaking up the monopoly into smaller, more competitive firms. By limiting the monopoly's market power and encouraging competition, consumers can benefit from lower prices, increased choice, and improved overall economic efficiency. Regulating monopolies is a common approach to addressing market failures and promoting more competitive and efficient markets.
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chesapeake energy set a goal to improve workplace safety. to reinforce this, one year it gave out over 8 million usd in safety bonuses to over 6,000 employees for following safe work practices. this served to create a. happy employees because they got more free time. b. an effective reward and incentive program because it reinforced commitment to goals. c. a new mission statement for the company. d. an effective incentive program because employees worked harder.
It reinforced this by awarding over 6,000 employees in one year over $8 million USD in safety bonuses for adhering to safe work practices. As a result of strengthening dedication to goals, this helped establish a successful reward and incentive program. Option C is correct.
By providing financial rewards to employees who demonstrate safe work practices, Chesapeake Energy was able to create a culture of safety within the company. This culture of safety not only protects employees from potential workplace accidents but also increases productivity by reducing the amount of time lost due to injuries.
The safety bonus program is an effective incentive program because it motivates employees to work harder towards the goal of improving workplace safety. It also reinforces the company's commitment to the safety of its employees, which can boost employee morale and job satisfaction.
While the safety bonus program may have resulted in happy employees, it is important to note that this was not the primary objective of the program. The goal was to improve workplace safety, and the program was an effective way to achieve this objective.
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when marvel studios flooded retail stores with products based on its avenger movie, this illustrated a. rebranding. b. brand licensing. c. brand repositioning. d. brand scaling
The correct answer to your question is b. brand licensing. Brand licensing is a business strategy that allows a company to extend its brand by granting another company the right to use its name, logo, and other intellectual property in exchange for a fee or royalty.
In the case of Marvel Studios, they licensed their brand to various manufacturers and retailers to create and sell products based on their movie. This strategy allowed them to increase their revenue and reach a wider audience, as consumers were able to purchase merchandise featuring their favorite characters from the movie. Brand licensing is a common strategy used by many companies to capitalize on the popularity of their brand and to diversify their revenue streams. It can be a win-win situation for both parties involved, as the licensee gains access to a well-known brand, while the licensor earns additional revenue without having to invest in the production and distribution of the products themselves. Overall, Marvel Studios' decision to flood retail stores with products based on its Avenger movie was a smart move, as it helped them to strengthen their brand and increase their revenue through brand licensing.
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a put option with a strike price of $55 sells for $4.60. the option expires in six months and the current stock price is $56.70. if the risk-free interest rate is 4.5 percent, what is the price of a call option with the same strike price? (do not round intermediate calculations. round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
We can use put-call parity to find the price of the call option:
Call option price + Present value of strike price = Put option price + Stock price
We know the put option price is $4.60, the strike price is $55, and the stock price is $56.70. To find the present value of the strike price, we need to discount it by the risk-free interest rate for the time to expiration:
Present value of strike price = $55 / (1 + 0.045/2)^(2*0.5) = $51.47
Substituting into the put-call parity equation, we have:
Call option price + $51.47 = $4.60 + $56.70
Call option price = $56.70 - $51.47 - $4.60 = $0.63
Therefore, the price of the call option with the same strike price is $0.63.
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Which of the following is true concerning the price of a bond?
A. When the yield to maturity is greater than the coupon rate, the price of the bond will be above the par value of the bond and it will be selling at a premium.
B. When the yield to maturity and coupon rate are equal, the price of the bond will equal its par value.
C. There is no relationship between the yield to maturity and the price of the bond
D. When the yield to maturity is less than than the coupon rate, the price of the bond will be below the par value of the bond and it will be selling at a discount.
The price of a bond is determined by its yield to maturity (YTM) and coupon rate.
YTM is the total return anticipated on a bond if it is held until maturity, while the coupon rate is the interest rate that a bond issuer will pay to its bondholders. Therefore, the price of a bond can be affected by changes in the YTM and coupon rate.
Option A is true concerning the price of a bond. When the YTM is greater than the coupon rate, the price of the bond will be above the par value of the bond and it will be selling at a premium. This is because the bond's interest payments (coupon rate) are lower than the market rate of interest (YTM), which makes the bond more valuable and in demand, thus increasing its price.
Option B is also true. When the YTM and coupon rate are equal, the price of the bond will equal its par value. This is because the bond's interest payments (coupon rate) are equal to the market rate of interest (YTM), which means that the bond is priced at par.
Option C is not true. There is a direct relationship between the YTM and the price of a bond. If the YTM increases, the price of the bond decreases, and vice versa.
Option D is also true. When the YTM is less than the coupon rate, the price of the bond will be below the par value of the bond and it will be selling at a discount. This is because the bond's interest payments (coupon rate) are higher than the market rate of interest (YTM), which makes the bond less valuable and less in demand, thus decreasing its price.
In summary, the price of a bond is affected by changes in its YTM and coupon rate. When the YTM is greater than the coupon rate, the bond will be priced at a premium, when the YTM is less than the coupon rate, the bond will be priced at a discount, and when the YTM and coupon rate are equal, the bond will be priced at par.
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economists and policymakers initially believed that the phillips curve represented a ...
Initially, economists and policymakers believed that the Phillips Curve represented a trade-off between inflation and unemployment, suggesting that when unemployment was low, inflation would be high, and vice versa.
The Phillips Curve is an economic concept that shows the relationship between inflation and unemployment. It was first introduced by economist A.W. Phillips in the 1950s based on empirical observations. Phillips found an inverse relationship between wage inflation and unemployment rates in the United Kingdom. This relationship implied that policymakers could use monetary and fiscal policies to manipulate unemployment and inflation.
The initial belief was that policymakers could choose a point on the Phillips Curve that best balanced inflation and unemployment. If they wanted to reduce unemployment, they could accept higher inflation, and if they wanted to combat inflation, they could accept higher unemployment. This concept became a popular framework for policymakers to guide their decision-making.
However, over time, the Phillips Curve relationship started to break down. In the 1970s, the phenomenon of stagflation emerged, where both inflation and unemployment were high simultaneously. This contradicted the original Phillips Curve notion of a trade-off. Economists began to realize that other factors, such as supply shocks and inflation expectations, played a significant role in shaping the relationship between inflation and unemployment.
As a result, the Phillips Curve lost its policy usefulness and became less reliable in explaining the dynamics of inflation and unemployment. Modern economists now understand that the relationship between inflation and unemployment is more complex and influenced by various factors, including structural changes in the economy, productivity, and global market dynamics. Policymakers have shifted their focus to more comprehensive frameworks that incorporate a broader range of economic variables and dynamics, such as inflation targeting and inflation expectations management.
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during one pay period, star valley company distributes $234,900 to employees as net pay. the income tax withholdings were $34,200 and the fica withholdings were $9,000. total payroll costs to the company for this pay period, excluding any unemployment taxes, was:
During the pay period, Star Valley Company distributed $234,900 as net pay to its employees. To calculate the total payroll costs to the company, we need to consider both income tax and FICA withholdings. Income tax withholdings amounted to $34,200, while FICA withholdings were $9,000. To find the total payroll costs, excluding unemployment taxes, we add these withholdings back to the net pay.
The total payroll costs for the pay period can be calculated by adding up the net pay and the taxes withheld. So, for this pay period, the total payroll costs were: Net pay + Taxes withheld = $234,900 + $34,200 + $9,000 = $278,100 Therefore, the total payroll costs for this pay period, excluding any unemployment taxes, was $278,100. To explain further, the net pay is the amount of money paid to employees after deductions such as taxes are made from their gross pay.
Income tax withholdings are the amount of federal and state taxes that are taken out of an employee's paycheck based on their earnings and tax bracket. FICA withholdings refer to the deductions made for Social Security and Medicare taxes that are mandated by the government. The total payroll costs are the sum of all payments made to employees and any deductions or taxes paid by the employer on behalf of the employees.
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In Quickbooks, time data is listed on customer invoices using the: A) Timesheet icon; B) Pay Sales Taxes icon; C) Pay Employees button; D) Time/Costs button
In QuickBooks, time data is listed on customer invoices using the "Time/Costs" button.
The "Time/Costs" button in QuickBooks allows users to track and record time spent on specific tasks or projects for customers. This feature is particularly useful for service-based businesses that charge customers based on the time spent on their projects or tasks. By clicking on the "Time/Costs" button, users can enter the time details, such as the date, employee, service item, customer, and the number of hours worked. This information is then used to generate accurate and detailed customer invoices that reflect the time spent on specific projects or tasks.
By using the "Time/Costs" button in QuickBooks, businesses can effectively track and bill their customers for the time-based services they provide. This feature streamlines the invoicing process and ensures accurate billing, leading to improved efficiency and better financial management for the business.
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one example in which people make rational choices that lead to a less-than-ideal result is ______.
one example in which people make rational choices that lead to a less-than-ideal result is the "Prisoner's Dilemma,".
In the strategy game "Prisoner's Dilemma," players make defensible decisions that result in less-than-ideal outcomes for everyone.
When people are constantly motivated to make choices that are detrimental to the group as a whole, a situation described as a "prisoner's dilemma" arises. The prisoner's problem emerges in a variety of economic contexts. People discover that betraying the group results in larger benefits than collaborating in the classic prisoner's dilemma. If the same games are performed often, each person may come up with a cooperative strategy. Despite what may seem to be unfavorable individual motives, people have devised a number of techniques to get past the prisoner's dilemma to pick superior overall results. The prisoners' dilemma is an illustration of how reasonable decisions can result in less-than-ideal outcomes. It is a game of strategy in which two players make logical decisions that result in outcomes that are less than optimal for both of them. Assume that both inmates act rationally and are familiar with game theory. In the scenario of the prisoners' dilemma, if one confesses and the other doesn't, the one who does would receive a less sentence; yet, if both confess, they will both receive a punishment that is worse than if neither had confessed.
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if walmart purchased water from hope springs for sale in its retail stores, containers of water might be temporarily stored in a facility for the receipt, storage, and redistribution of goods. such a facility is called a(n)\
The facility that is used for the temporary storage and redistribution of goods is called a warehouse.
In this scenario, the containers of water purchased by Walmart from Hope Springs would be temporarily stored in a warehouse before they are shipped to Walmart's retail stores for sale. A warehouse is a large, spacious building that is used by businesses to store inventory or raw materials. Warehouses can be owned by the business itself, or they can be leased or rented from a third party.
A warehouse is a large commercial building that is primarily used for the storage and distribution of goods. It is a facility where businesses store and manage inventory, raw materials, and finished goods. Warehouses can be owned, leased, or rented by businesses depending on their specific needs.
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the banking system currently has $10 billion of reserves, none of which are excess. people hold only deposits and no currency, and the reserve requirement is 10 percent. if the fed raises the reserve requirement to 12.5 percent and at the same time buys $1 billion worth of bonds, then by how much does the money supply change? a. it rises by $19 billion. b. it falls by $12 billion. c. it falls by $19 billion. d. it falls by $21 billion.
The money supply will change as it falls by $12 billion. The correct option is b.
The banking system has $10 billion in reserves, and the reserve requirement is 10%, before the Fed increases the reserve requirement and purchases bonds. This suggests that the banking system has the following deposits:
D = R / rr = $10 billion / 0.1 = $100 billion ( rr = reserve ratio)
When Fed raises the reserve requirement to 12.5%, the required reserves increase to RR = rr × D' = 0.125 × $100 billion = $12.5 billion
D' = new deposits
ΔD = D - D' = $100 billion - $87.5 billion = $12.5 billion, money supply decreases by $12.5 billion
Additionally, the Fed purchases bonds for $1 billion, boosting the banking system's reserves by the same amount. This suggests that the new reserve level is:
R' = $10 billion + $1 billion = $11 billion
the new level of deposits is:
D'' = (R' + ER) / rr = ($11 billion + $0) / 0.125 = $88 billion
change in the money supply = ΔM = D'' - D = $88 billion - $100 billion
= -$12 billion
The correct option is b.
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in a feasibility study, you find what appears to be a high vacancy rate in new office properties. you investigate further to determine group of answer choices the internal rate of return for these office properties. the relation of this vacancy rate to retail sales. whether there is a technical or an economic oversupply. the break-even point for these properties.
In a feasibility study, you find what appears to be a high vacancy rate in new office properties. you investigate further to determine whether there is a technical or an economic oversupply. The correct option is whether there is a technical or an economic oversupply.
Technical oversupply occurs when there are more properties available than demanded due to construction, while economic oversupply results from an imbalance in supply and demand driven by market factors.
Determining the internal rate of return (IRR) for these office properties is also crucial, as it helps assess the profitability of investments in these properties. The IRR is the discount rate that makes the net present value of cash flows from an investment equal to zero, and a higher IRR typically indicates a more profitable investment.
Another essential aspect to examine is the break-even point for these properties. The break-even point represents the level of occupancy needed for the property to cover its costs and generate no profit or loss. Understanding the break-even point helps property owners and investors evaluate the property's financial viability.
Lastly, it's worth exploring the relation of this vacancy rate to retail sales, as the performance of nearby retail businesses can influence office space demand. If retail sales are strong in the area, it could signal that the office properties may eventually see increased occupancy due to economic growth.
In conclusion, examining factors such as technical or economic oversupply, IRR, break-even point, and the relation of the vacancy rate to retail sales can provide valuable insights into the new office properties' feasibility and investment potential. The correct option is whether there is a technical or an economic oversupply.
The complete question is:
in a feasibility study, you find what appears to be a high vacancy rate in new office properties. you investigate further to determine
group of answer choices
the internal rate of return for these office properties.
the relation of this vacancy rate to retail sales.
whether there is a technical or an economic oversupply.
the break-even point for these properties.
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Overstating ending inventory in the current year causes retained earnings in the next year to be overstated. true or false
The statement is true because overstating ending inventory in the current year directly impacts the calculation of cost of goods sold (COGS) and, consequently, net income.
When ending inventory is overstated, it reduces the amount of COGS, resulting in an artificially inflated net income for the current year. Since retained earnings are derived from net income, an overstatement of net income in the current year will cause an overstatement of retained earnings in the subsequent year.
Retained earnings represent the cumulative profits or losses of a company that are retained for reinvestment or distribution to shareholders. Therefore, any overstatement of net income caused by an overstatement of ending inventory carries forward and affects the calculation of retained earnings in the next year, leading to an overstatement of retained earnings in that period as well.
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The unit cost is $112.00 and we order 10,752 units per 365 day year. While we do not have to order by the case, it does come in 15 units per case. The average lead time from when we place the order to the time we receive it at our dock is 8.2 days with a standard variation of 1.7 days.� Later that week in the conference room, Ferguson and Patrachalski each offered proposals for ordering part number 64-1909. Purchasing Director Patrachalski stated he was trying to keep his purchasing costs down by ordering in larger quantities and suggested buying 32 cases at a time. He has also indicated he would like to avoid ordering in partial cases since doing so may result in shipments of incorrect quantities and consequent higher costs. Comptroller Ferguson claimed the most important issue was the cost to carry inventory and argued for ordering 4 cases at a time to keep Page 2 This document is available from our site and provided for your personal use only and may not be retransmitted or redistributed without written permission from the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP). You may not upload any of this site's material to any public server, online service, network, or bulletin board without prior written permission from CSCMP. average inventories low. Seeking a compromise, Lewin suggested using economic order quantity (EOQ). Lewin stated, �economic order quantity can be very complex. The original EOQ, known as �Wilson�s EOQ�, was actually developed by F. W. Harris1 2 in 1913, but a consultant named R. H. Wilson, who embraced the model and applied it extensively, was given credit for his early in-depth analysis of it.3 4 It determines the lowest total inventory cost by calculating the optimum order quantity denoted as Q*. Economic order quantity incorporates the trade-off between inventory carrying cost and ordering cost�exactly the trade-off we are facing with Finance and Purchasing.� �You can now find more complicated economic order quantity models extending the concept to consider discount pricing for ordering in larger quantities, backordering costs, differences in transportation rates if you ship by full truckload instead of LTL, including the step function of adding another warehouse as it impacts inventory carrying costs, or bridging into optimal production quantities. Anything that might influence the economic order quantity variables�there is probably an extension. There is probably even one considering the phases of the moon!� �There are a lot of assumptions for economic order quantity including:5 A continuous, constant, and known rate of demand A constant and known replenishment or lead time Entire order delivered at same time�no in-transit inventory All demand is satisfied A constant price or cost that is independent of the order quantity (i.e., no quantity discount) No inventory in transit One item of inventory or no interaction between items Infinite planning horizon Unlimited capital �But we should just use the original Harris-Wilson Model and consider tweaking it later. As I recall, the basic formula is:� Q*=(2xAnnual Demand x Ordering Cost)/(Inventory Carrying Cost x Unit Price) And the entire equation needs to be square rooted. Q#1: What is the cost difference between Ferguson's proposal to order 4 cases each time and Patrachalski's proposal to order 32 cases each time? Q#2: Lewin suggested looking at economic order quantity. Based on the lowest total annual cost, what order quantity should Martin recommend? Q#3: Let's explore the concept of "robustness." Lewin�s proposal to use economic order quantity may be unrealistic since SMC would like to place orders in whole cases. If the order quantity is decreased to the nearest whole case (which is a 2.78% reduction) what percent would your total annual cost change? What percent would your annual total cost change if the order quantity is increased to the nearest whole case? Hint: Use the formula ([New Total Cost / Old Total Cost] � 1 ).
The order quantity that would minimize the total annual cost is 2,685 units (or 179 cases), with a total annual cost of $1,287,140.
q#1: to determine the cost difference between ordering 4 cases and ordering 32 cases, we need to calculate the total cost for each proposal.
for ferguson's proposal to order 4 cases at a time: order quantity = 4 x 15 = 60 units
annual demand = 10,752 unitsordering cost = $112 x 60 = $6,720
annual ordering cost = (10,752 / 60) x $6,720 = $1,201,920average inventory = 60 / 2 = 30 units
inventory carrying cost = 30 x $112 x 14% = $470.40annual inventory carrying cost = 10,752 / 2 x $470.40 = $2,523,340.80
total annual cost = $1,201,920 + $2,523,340.80 = $3,725,260.80
for patrachalski's proposal to order 32 cases at a time:order quantity = 32 x 15 = 480 units
annual demand = 10,752 unitsordering cost = $112 x 480 = $53,760
annual ordering cost = (10,752 / 480) x $53,760 = $1,204,800average inventory = 480 / 2 = 240 units
inventory carrying cost = 240 x $112 x 14% = $3,347.20annual inventory carrying cost = 10,752 / 480 x $3,347.20 = $74,892.00
total annual cost = $1,204,800 + $74,892.00 = $1,279,692.00
the cost difference between the two proposals is $3,725,260.80 - $1,279,692.00 = $2,445,568.80.
q#2: to determine the order quantity that would minimize the total annual cost, we can use the eoq formula provided by lewin:
q*=(2xannual demand x ordering cost)/(inventory carrying cost x unit price)⁰.5
plugging in the values:q*=(2x10,752x$6,720)/($112x0.14)⁰.5=2,682.78
rounding this to the nearest whole case (which is 179 cases):
order quantity = 179 x 15 = 2,685 unitsannual demand = 10,752 units
ordering cost = $112 x 2,685 = $301,320annual ordering cost = (10,752 / 2,685) x $301,320 = $1,204,800
average inventory = 2,685 / 2 = 1,342.5 unitsinventory carrying cost = 1,342.5 x $112 x 14% = $20,585.10
annual inventory carrying cost = 10,752 / 2,685 x $20,585.10 = $82,340.40total annual cost = $1,204,800 + $82,340.40 = $1,287,140.40 40.
q#3: to determine the percentage change in total annual cost if the order quantity is decreased or increased to the nearest whole case, we need to calculate the total cost for each scenario and compare it to the total cost of the optimal order quantity (2,685 units).
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you found one job opening that looks very interesting. before applying for the job, what should you do? responses research the organization. research the organization. quickly apply for the job. quickly apply for the job. ask a trusted friend about it. ask a trusted friend about it. eliminate the job opening.
The first thing you do if you found one job opening that looks very interesting is research the organization.
What is the first thing to do?Before applying for a job that looks interesting it is important to research the organization to ensure that it is a good fit for your career goals and values therefore the best response is research the organization
researching the organization can involve several steps such as visiting their website to learn about their mission values and history reading their annual reports or financial statements to understand their performance and looking for news articles or reviews to see how they are perceived in the industry or community some businesses may also underestimate the importance of place
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FILL IN THE BLANK with its multisensory stimulation, ______ is the medium that defines what advertising is.
With its multisensory stimulation, television is the medium that defines what advertising is.
Television is a powerful medium that combines audiovisual elements to create engaging and impactful advertising experiences. It provides a multisensory stimulation through the combination of moving images, sounds, and sometimes even tactile effects.
This combination allows advertisers to deliver their messages with a higher level of creativity, emotion, and storytelling compared to other advertising mediums.
Television advertising has the ability to capture viewers' attention, evoke emotions, and create memorable experiences. It utilizes visual elements such as colors, visuals, and motion to grab viewers' attention and convey messages effectively.
The use of audio, including music, voice-overs, and sound effects, adds another layer of sensory stimulation, enhancing the overall impact of the advertising message.
Additionally, television advertising often incorporates other sensory elements such as smell, taste, and touch indirectly.
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a company had average total assets of $942,000. its gross sales were $1,101,000 and its net sales were $955,000. the company's total asset turnover equals: multiple choice 0.99. 1.15. 1.16. 1.01. 0.86.
Asset Turnover Ratio = Net Sales / Average Total Assets
$955,000/$942,000= 1.01.
Therefore, the company's total asset turnover equals 1.01.
A company's sales or revenues are compared to the value of its assets using the asset turnover ratio (Net Sales / Average Total Assets). The asset turnover ratio may be used to gauge how well a business uses its assets to produce income.
The more effectively a corporation uses its assets to generate income, the greater its asset turnover ratio. A corporation is not effectively employing its assets to produce revenue if it has a low asset turnover ratio, on the other hand.
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senior system technology is a high-tech firm looking to set up operations in a foreign country. the firm's core competency is in technological know-how. which mode of entry would be most favorable to the firm if it wants to keep a tight control over its technology?
If Senior System Technology wants to maintain tight control over its technology while expanding into a foreign country, an entry method that provides a high level of control and intellectual property protection would be most appropriate.
In this case, it would be most appropriate to establish 100% subsidiaries.
Wholly owned subsidiaries include the establishment of a new entity in a foreign country that is wholly owned and controlled by Senior System Technology. This mode of entry allows the firm to retain full ownership and decision-making authority over its technology, ensuring that its core competence in technological know-how remains protected and secure.
By establishing wholly owned subsidiaries, Senior System Technology can maintain tight control over its operations, including research and development, manufacturing and distribution. It allows a business to transfer its technological know-how and expertise abroad while retaining full control over its own knowledge and intellectual property.
This mode of entry also allows Senior System Technology to enforce strict quality control measures, protect its technological advances from potential competitors, and maintain consistent standards across all of its operations. It provides a higher level of control over technology transfer and minimizes the risk of unauthorized replication or leakage of valuable proprietary information.
However, it is important for Senior System Technology to carefully consider the local market conditions, legal framework and cultural factors in a foreign country before establishing wholly-owned subsidiaries. A firm should conduct thorough market research, assess potential risks, and develop strategies to handle any challenges or obstacles that may arise during the entry process.
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