Use the periodic table to select the element from the drop-down menu that has the correct relative electronegativity.
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The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between solid aluminum and a solution of copper(II) chloride is: 2Al(s) + 3CuCl2(aq) → 3Cu(s) + 2AlCl3(aq).

Aluminium and copper(II) chloride react very vigorously, causing the reaction mixture to become extremely hot as heat is produced, the aluminium foil to dissolve, a reddish brown solid to appear, and gas bubbles to be released.

The aluminium foil disintegrates, heat is released, the copper(II) ions' blue colour disappears, and a new, reddish-brown solid develops in the reaction mixture.

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Answer:

Explanation:4-etil-3,6-dimetil-7-(1-metilpropil) dekanın açık formülü şu şekildedir:

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH(CH3)2

Answer:

Explanation:

Use the formula PV=nRT

P is pressure in atm

V is volume in whatever unit you're working in as long as everything is in that unit (anything volume related)

n is the number of moles

R is the constant so 0.08206

and T is temperature and this MUST be in Kelvin which is 173.15 + C

the equation can be shifted depending on what you need to solve

The density of sulfur dioxide gas at a temperature of 15°C and pressure of 300 torr is 0.001022 g/cm³, or 0.001022 g/mL, or 1.022 kg/m³, or 0.01022 g/L when converted to atm.

What is density?

To calculate the density of sulfur dioxide gas at a temperature of 15°C and a pressure of 300 torr, we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure in atmospheres, V is the volume in liters, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the given temperature of 15°C to Kelvin:

T = 15°C + 273.15 = 288.15 K

Next, we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for the number of moles:

n = PV/RT

where we can use the given pressure of 300 torr and convert it to atm by dividing by 760 torr/atm:

P = 300 torr / 760 torr/atm = 0.3947 atm

Substituting the values into the equation, we get:

n = (0.3947 atm) V / (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K) × 288.15 K)

Now, we can use the molar mass of sulfur dioxide, which is 64.06 g/mol, to convert the number of moles to mass:

mass = n × molar mass

Finally, we can calculate the density of sulfur dioxide gas using the mass and volume:

density = mass / V

To convert the density from g/L to g/cm³, we divide by 1000.

Putting it all together, we get:

n = (0.3947 atm) V / (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K) × 288.15 K)

n = 0.01595 V

mass = n × molar mass = 0.01595 V * 64.06 g/mol = 1.022 gV

density = mass / V = 1.022 gV / V = 1.022 g/L = 0.001022 g/cm³

Therefore, the density of sulfur dioxide gas at a temperature of 15°C and pressure of 300 torr is 0.001022 g/cm³, or 0.001022 g/mL, or 1.022 kg/m³, or 0.01022 g/L when converted to atm.

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Complete question is: The density of Sulfur dioxide gas at a temperature of 15oC and pressure of 300 torr is 0.01022 atm.

The type of process for the given reaction is : nuclear process.

Nuclear process is any process that involves changes in the structure or composition of the atomic nucleus. Nuclear processes can be either natural or artificial, and they can be either spontaneous or induced by external stimuli, such as high energy particles or electromagnetic radiation.

Some common nuclear processes are:

Nuclear fusion: process of combining two or more atomic nuclei into a single, heavier nucleus.

Nuclear fission: process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two or more lighter nuclei.

Radioactive decay: process by which unstable atomic nuclei undergo a spontaneous change to become more stable.

Nuclear transmutation: process of changing one element into another by altering the number of protons in the nucleus.

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The temperature of the substance from point D to point E remains constant at 0°C, indicating a phase change from a solid to a liquid state.

During this time period, the substance is melting, and the energy added to the substance is being used to break the intermolecular forces between the molecules of the solid, allowing them to move more freely and become a liquid. This phase change is known as melting or fusion, and it occurs at a constant temperature, as long as the pressure remains constant.

A substance is in the solid phase between points A and D on the graph. At point A, the temperature is -20°C, and the substance is a solid. As energy is added to the substance, the temperature increases until it reaches the melting point at point D. At this point, the substance begins to melt and becomes a liquid. Therefore, between points A and D, the substance is in the solid phase, as it has a fixed shape and volume.

The phase change that requires the greatest change in energy is the change from a solid to a gas, which is represented by the vertical line between points B and C on the graph. This phase change is known as sublimation and requires a significant amount of energy because it involves the breaking of strong intermolecular forces between the molecules in the solid, followed by the creation of new intermolecular forces between the gas molecules.

During sublimation, the substance changes from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. The energy required for sublimation is significantly higher than that required for melting or boiling because it involves breaking strong intermolecular forces in the solid state and overcoming the forces of attraction between the gas molecules.

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When sodium carbonate is titrated against HCl in the presence of the indicator phenolphthalein, it is transformed to NaCl.

To decolorize phenolphthalein, 50 mL of a combination of NaOH and Na2CO3titrated with N10 HCl using phenolphthalein indicator required 50 mL of HCl. At this point, methyl orange was added, and the acid addition was continued. The second endpoint was obtained when another 10 ml of N10 HCl was added.

You can use more than one indicator since the interaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid occurs in two phases. The first stage is better served by phenolphthalein, whereas the second is best served by methyl orange.

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a. The product of the reaction between [tex]H_{3}C[/tex]-C=CH₂ and [tex]Br_{2}[/tex] is 1,2-dibromo-2-methylpropane:  [tex]H_{3}C[/tex]-C=CH₂ + [tex]Br_{2}[/tex]  → BrCH₂ -CH(Br)-[tex]CH_{3}[/tex]

b. The product of the reaction between  [tex]H_{3}C[/tex]-CH=CH-[tex]CH_{3}[/tex] and conc.  [tex]H_{2}SO _{4}[/tex] is 2-methylpropene:

[tex]H_{3}C[/tex]-CH=CH-[tex]CH_{3}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}SO _{4}[/tex] →  [tex]H_{3}C[/tex]-C([tex]CH_{3}[/tex])=CH₂ + H₂O

c. The product of the reaction between [tex]KMnO_{4}[/tex] (aq) and any organic compound is typically a mixture of products, depending on the specific organic compound being reacted. Therefore, the structure of the product cannot be determined without additional information about the organic compound being reacted.

d. NR means that no reaction occurs.

What is product of the reaction ?

In chemistry, the product of a reaction refers to the substances that are formed as a result of a chemical reaction. These substances are formed by the rearrangement of atoms and molecules in the reactants. The products of a chemical reaction are typically represented by a chemical equation, which shows the reactants on the left side of the equation and the products on the right side of the equation. In many cases, the products of a chemical reaction have different properties than the reactants, and they can be used in a variety of applications in chemistry, biology, and other fields.

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I think it is 2,4-dimethylpentane

The above is about the movement of lithospheric plates. See explanation and attached image for details.

The movement of lithospheric plates is driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle, which are caused by heat generated from the Earth's core. These currents cause the lithospheric plates to move, and the motion can result in a variety of geological phenomena, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges and oceanic trenches.

There are three main types of plate boundaries, and each one results in a different type of movement of lithospheric plates:

Divergent Boundaries: At divergent boundaries, lithospheric plates move away from each other. This movement is caused by the upwelling of hot material from the mantle, which pushes the plates apart. As the plates move away from each other, magma rises up to fill the gap between them, creating new crust. Divergent boundaries are where new oceanic crust is formed.

Convergent Boundaries: At convergent boundaries, lithospheric plates move towards each other. There are three types of convergent boundaries: oceanic-oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental. At oceanic-oceanic and oceanic-continental convergent boundaries, one plate is forced beneath the other, creating a subduction zone. This movement is caused by the sinking of a denser plate beneath a less dense plate. As the denser plate sinks, it melts and can trigger volcanic activity. At continental-continental convergent boundaries, the plates are too buoyant to subduct, so they instead buckle and push up, forming mountain ranges.

Transform Boundaries: At transform boundaries, lithospheric plates move past each other. This movement is caused by the lateral movement of the convection currents in the mantle. Transform boundaries can create large faults, which can lead to earthquakes.

Overall, the movement of lithospheric plates is a complex and dynamic process, driven by the movement of material within the Earth's mantle.

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7a. Using the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation, we can set up the following proportion:

n(N₂)/n(NH₃) = 1/2

where n(N₂) is the number of moles of N₂ and n(NH₃) is the number of moles of NH₃. Solving for n(N₂), we get:

n(N₂) = (10.0 mol NH₃) / (2 mol N₂/mol NH₃) = 5.00 mol N2

Therefore, 5.00 moles of nitrogen would be needed to make 10.0 moles of ammonia.

7b. Using the same mole ratio as above, we can set up the following proportion:

n(NH₃)/n(H₂) = 2/3

where n(H₂) is the number of moles of H₂. Solving for n(NH₃), we get:

n(NH₃) = (9.00 mol H2) x (2 mol NH3/3 mol H₂) = 6.00 mol NH₃

Therefore, 6.00 moles of ammonia could be made by completely reacting 9.00 moles of hydrogen.

7c. Again, using the same mole ratio as above, we can set up the following proportion:

n(N₂)/n(H₂) = 1/3

where n(N₂) is the number of moles of N₂. Solving for n(H₂), we get:

n(H₂) = (7.41 mol N2) x (3 mol H₂/1 mol N₂) = 22.2 mol H₂

Therefore, 22.2 moles of hydrogen would be needed to react completely with 7.41 moles of nitrogen.

8a. The amounts of reactants consumed and the amount of product made can be calculated using stoichiometry, which is based on the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation. However, the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation cannot be interpreted as a ratio of masses, since the molar mass (and thus the mass) of each substance is different.

8b. The mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation is based on the number of moles of each substance, which is proportional to the mass of each substance. Therefore, by using the molar mass of each substance, we can convert the mole ratio to a mass ratio. However, the mole ratio itself cannot be interpreted as a ratio of masses.

9a. Yes, the mole ratio from a balanced chemical equation can be interpreted as a ratio of masses. This is because the mole ratio is determined based on the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation, which represent the number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction. Since the molar mass (mass per mole) of each substance is known, the mole ratio can be used to determine a mass ratio.

9b. The mathematical concept that explains how the mole ratio from a balanced chemical equation can be interpreted as a ratio of masses is the mole-to-mole conversion factor. This conversion factor is based on the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation, which represent the mole ratio between the reactants and products. By multiplying the mole ratio by the molar mass of a substance, the ratio can be converted to a mass ratio.

To solve the problem "What mass of nitrogen is needed to produce 30.0 g of ammonia?", we would need to use the concept of stoichiometry and mole-to-mole conversions. We can start by writing the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g)

From the equation, we can see that the mole ratio of N2 to NH₃ is 1:2. We can use this ratio to determine the number of moles of N2 needed to produce 1 mole of NH₃:

1 mole N₂ : 2 moles NH₃

Next, we can use the molar mass of NH₃ to convert the moles of NH₃ to grams:

2 moles NH₃ x 17.03 g NH₃/mole = 34.06 g NH₃

So, for every 34.06 g of NH₃ produced, we need 1 mole of N₂. Using this information, we can set up a proportion to solve for the mass of N₂ needed to produce 30.0 g of NH₃:

1 mole N₂ : 34.06 g NH₃ = x moles N₂ : 30.0 g NH₃

Solving for x, we get:

x moles N₂ = (30.0 g NH₃ x 1 mole N₂) / 34.06 g NH₃ = 0.881 moles N₂

Finally, we can convert the moles of N₂ to grams using the molar mass of N₂:

0.881 moles N₂ x 28.01 g N₂/mole = 24.67 g N₂

Therefore, we would need 24.67 g of nitrogen to produce 30.0 g of ammonia.

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The compound NaOH as shown is a strong base.

NaOH (sodium hydroxide) is considered a strong base. A strong base is a base that dissociates completely in water to form hydroxide ions (OH-) and cations. NaOH is highly soluble in water and, when added to water, it completely dissociates into Na+ and OH- ions, which makes it a strong base.

The strength of a base depends on the extent of its dissociation in water. Strong bases dissociate completely in water, while weak bases dissociate only partially. The dissociation of a base is usually represented by its base dissociation constant (Kb), which is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of the base with water to form hydroxide ions.

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The gases in the Earth's atmosphere that block a high amount of infrared light are called greenhouse gases.

These include carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases, among others.

Greenhouse gases trap heat within the Earth's atmosphere and play a significant role in regulating the Earth's temperature.

However, when their concentration increases beyond natural levels, they can cause the Earth's temperature to rise, leading to global warming and climate change.

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The standard change in Gibbs free energy of the reaction at 25 ∘C is -1.69 kJ/mol.

What is standard change?

To find the standard change in Gibbs free energy of the reaction, we need to use the following equation:

ΔG° = -RT ln(K)

where ΔG° is the standard change in Gibbs free energy, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K), T is the temperature in Kelvin (25 °C = 298 K), and K is the equilibrium constant.

To find K, we need to use the equilibrium partial pressures:

K = (PC × PD) / (PA × PB²)

where PA, PB, PC, and PD are the equilibrium partial pressures of A, B, C, and D, respectively.

Substituting the values, we get:

K = (5.47 atm × 5.63 atm) / (5.63 atm × (5.00 atm)²)

K = 0.6176

Now we can calculate the standard change in Gibbs free energy:

ΔG° = -RT ln(K)

ΔG° = -(8.314 J/mol·K) × (298 K) × ln(0.6176)

ΔG° = -1,690 J/mol or -1.69 kJ/mol

Therefore, the standard change in Gibbs free energy of the reaction at 25 ∘C is -1.69 kJ/mol.

What is free energy?

Free energy, also known as Gibbs free energy, is a thermodynamic quantity that represents the amount of energy in a system that is available to do work at a constant temperature and pressure. It is denoted by the symbol G and is expressed in units of joules (J) or calories (cal).

In simple terms, free energy is the energy that can be used to do work. It is defined by the equation:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

where ΔH is the change in enthalpy (heat content) of the system, ΔS is the change in entropy (disorder) of the system, and T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin.

If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous and can proceed without the input of external energy. If ΔG is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous and requires energy input to proceed. If ΔG is zero, the system is at equilibrium.

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To draw the two circles, we would need to draw a smaller circle with a diameter of 2,532.5 miles (representing the moon) and a larger circle with a diameter of 75,974.4 miles (representing the Earth) that is 30 times larger than the smaller circle.

If we assume that the larger circle represents the Earth, then the diameter of the Earth would be 30 times the diameter of the smaller circle representing the moon. Let's say that the diameter of the smaller circle is x. Then the diameter of the larger circle (Earth) would be 30 times x or 30x.

To find the correct distance from Earth to the moon at this scale, we need to know the actual distance from Earth to the moon, which is approximately 238,855 miles or 384,400 kilometers. If we divide this distance by the scale factor of 30, we get:

238,855 miles / 30 = 7,961.8 miles

Therefore, the diameter of the smaller circle (moon) would be approximately 7,961.8 miles / π = 2,532.5 miles (rounded to one decimal place). And the diameter of the larger circle (Earth) would be 30 times that or 75,974.4 miles

So, to draw the two circles, we would need to draw a smaller circle with a diameter of 2,532.5 miles (representing the moon) and a larger circle with a diameter of 75,974.4 miles (representing the Earth) that is 30 times larger than the smaller circle.

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The final temperature is -160°C

We can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas:

(P₁V₁)/T₁ = (P₂V₂)/T₂

Where

In this case, we can assume that the pressure of the gas is constant, since it is not given in the problem statement. So we can simplify the equation to:

(V₁/T₁) = (V₂/T₂)

Where

We are given that the initial volume (V₁) is 80 L and the final volume (V₂) is twice that, or 160 L. We are also given that the initial temperature (T₁) is -40°C. To find the final temperature (T₂), we can plug these values into the equation:

(V₁/T₁) = (V₂/T₂)

(80 L)/(-40°C) = (160 L)/T₂

Simplifying:

-2 L/°C = (160 L)/T₂

Multiplying both sides by -1°C/2 L (the reciprocal of -2 L/°C):

1/2 = (T₂)/(160 L) x (-1°C/2 L)

1/2 = -T₂/320

Multiplying both sides by -1 to isolate T₂:

-1/2 = T₂/320

T₂ = -160°C

Therefore, the final temperature is -160°C.

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The answer is A --------

[tex]CO_{2}[/tex]The following compounds' mole fractions (X) are (a)0.986 (b)0.750 (c)0.811 for the given solutions.

[tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex] mass is 19.4 g.

[tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex]'s molecular weight is 98.08 g/mol.

It's molecular weight is 19.4 g/98.08 g/mol, or 0.1979 mol.

Density times volume is 1.00 g/mL times 0.251 L and 251 g for water mass.

[tex]H_{2} O[/tex] has a molecular weight of 18.02 g/mol.

Water moles are equal to 251 g / 18.02 g/mol, or 13.93 mol.

The solution's total moles are equal to 0.1979 mol plus 13.93 mol, or 14.13 mol.

Sulphuric Acid's mole fraction is equal to 0.1979 mol/14.13 mol, or 0.014.

Water mole fraction is equal to 13.93 mol / 14.13 mol, or 0.986 mol.

KBr's mass is 35.7 g.

KBr has a molecular weight of 119 g/mol.

The formula for KBr is 35.7 g/119 g/mol, which equals 0.300 mol.

16.2 g of water in mass

Water has a molecular weight of 18.02 g/mol.

Water moles are equal to 16.2 g / 18.02 g/mol, or 0.899 mol.

The solution has a total of 1.199 moles (0.300 mol + 0.899 mol).

The mole fraction of KBr is equal to 0.300 mol/1.199 mol, or 0.250

Water mole fraction is equal to 0.899 mol / 1.199 mol, or 0.750 moles.

[tex]CO_{2}[/tex] mass = 233 g

It has a molecular weight of 44.01 g/mol.

Its moles are equal to 233 g / 44.01 g/mol, or 5.291 mol.

Water volume equals 0.409 L.

Water has a molecular weight of 18.02 g/mol.

(density × volume) / molecular weight (1.00 g/mL 409 mL) / 18.02 g/mol = 22.71 mol = number of moles of water

The solution's total moles are equal to 5.291 mol plus 22.71 mol, or 28.00 mol.

[tex]CO_{2}[/tex] mole fraction = 5.291 moles / 28.00 moles = 0.189

[tex]H_{2} O[/tex] mole fraction is 22.71 mol/28.00 mol, or 0.811 moles.

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Component form of the vector v is as follows: 4 3 1.5 1 Using the standard basis vectors I and j), express the vector w as follows: 3 two 1 4 pp . 1 3 w 3.5 C. V plus w= d. Determine the vector v's magnitude

What does "vector" mean?

Latin word for "carrier" is "vector." Point A is transported to point B by vectors. The orientation of the vectors AB is the direction in which point A is moved in relation to point B, and the amplitude of the vector is the width of the line connecting the two locations A and B. The terms Euclidean vectors and spatial vectors are also used to refer to vectors.

A vector space is what?

A vector space, also known as a linear space, is a collection of things called vectors that can be added to and multiplied ("scaled") by figures called scalars in the fields of mathematics, physics, and engineering.

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Around 80.5 KJ

Multiply Heat of Fusion and Mass to get the q value.

The Ammonium Chloride solution at 0.25 M has a pH of 2.67.

As a result, the weak basic (Chlorine) in the solution is overpowered by the conjugate acid (Ammonium cation), making the solution mildly acidic. According to the equation pH =log[Hydrogen ion], an acidic solution has a pH lower than 7. Aqueous ammonium chloride solution has a pH that is less than 7.

Ammonium cation + Water ⇌ Nitrogen trihydride + Hydronium ion

Kb = [Nitrogen trihydride][Hydronium ion] / [Ammonium cation]

[Nitrogen trihydride] = [Hydronium ion] = x

[Ammonium cation] = 0.25 - x

Kb = [Nitrogen trihydride][Hydronium ion] / [Ammonium cation]

1.8 × 10–5 = x² / (0.25 - x)

1.8 × 10–5 = x² / 0.25

x² = 4.5 × 10–6

x = 2.12 × 10–3

pH = -log[Hydronium ion] = -log(2.12 × 10–3) = 2.67

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The state of matter that tends to have unique factors to consider when discussing solubility compared to the other two states (solid and gas) is the liquid state.

Solubility refers to the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a particular solvent to form a homogeneous mixture (solution). Various factors can affect the solubility of a substance, including temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

In the case of liquids, the unique factor to consider when discussing solubility is often temperature. The solubility of many solid solutes in liquids generally increases with increasing temperature. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy to break the intermolecular forces between solute particles, allowing them to disperse more evenly throughout the solvent.

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A solution of 0.000259 M [tex]HCIO_4[/tex] at 25°C has a pOH of 10.413. The answer is option (c).

A solution is a method for resolving a conflict or navigating a challenging circumstance. It provides a solution to a particular issue. Solutions frequently involve many players in the problem-solving process and are creative and collaborative.

Using the HClO₄ concentration, find pH of the solution.

HClO₄ is a powerful acid.

The chemical reaction is:

HClO₄(aq) -> H⁺(aq) + ClO₄⁻(aq)

H⁺ ion concentration in the solution is equivalent to HClO₄ concentration.

pH = -log[H⁺]

substitute H⁺ values:

pH = -log[0.000259]

pH = 3.585

calculated using the following equation:

[H⁺] = Ka x [HClO₄]

where Ka is the acid dissociation constant of HClO₄,

The pOH is determined by the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydroxide ions:

pOH = 14 - pH

substitute pH value

pOH = 14 - 3.585

pOH = 10.415

Therefore, A solution of 0.000259 M HClO₄ at 25°C has a pOH of 10.415.

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System entropy = -80.8 J/K Surrounding entropy = 253.7 J/K The universe's entropy is 172.9 J/K. The reaction is unplanned. The procedure is a natural one.

Entropy is a measure of energy quality in the way that as lower the entropy, the more desirable the energy. Energy stored in a well-organized manner (the efficient library has a lower entropy. The entropy of energy contained in a chaotic manner (the random-pile library) is high.

Entropy is a gauge of a system's randomness or disorder. Entropy is greater in gases than in liquids, and greater in liquids than in solids. Order and disorder are important concepts in physical systems also known as randomness.

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[tex] \ddots[/tex] The heat energy can be deduced as -

[tex] \odot\sf \footnotesize{Heat \:energy = Mass\: of\: substance\times Specific \:heat\times Change\: in \:temperature}\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf \boxed{\sf Q = mS\Delta T}\\[/tex]

Where-

In this instant, we are given -

[tex] \ddots[/tex] Now that we have all the required values except ∆T,so we can plug the rest of the known values into the formula and solve for ∆T -

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf \underline{Q = mS\Delta T}\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf 14500 = 485 \times 4.18 \times \Delta T\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf 14500 = 2027.3\times \Delta T\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf \Delta T = \dfrac{14500}{2027.3}\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf \Delta T = 7.152370........\:°C\\[/tex]

[tex] \qquad :\implies\sf \underline{\boxed{\sf \Delta T=7.15\:°C}}\\[/tex]

[tex] \ddots[/tex]Correct answer - [tex]\boxed{\sf \Delta T=7.15\:°C}.[/tex]

This is an exercise in specific heat and thermal conductivity which are two important physical properties that describe how materials interact with heat. Specific heat refers to the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a material by a given amount, while thermal conductivity refers to a material's ability to transfer heat through itself.

The formula for specific heat is Q = mcΔT, where Q is the amount of heat transferred, m is the mass of the material, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature. The unit of measure for specific heat is J/(g*°C).

On the other hand, thermal conductivity is measured in terms of the amount of heat that is transferred through a material per unit time and area, given a temperature difference. It is expressed as the amount of heat transferred per second, per square meter, per meter of material thickness, when the temperature difference between the extremes is one Kelvin. Its formula is Q/t = -kA(∆T/∆x), where Q/t is the heat transfer rate, k is the thermal conductivity, A is the cross-sectional area, ∆T is the temperature difference, and ∆ x is the thickness of the material.

These properties are useful for understanding how materials interact with heat in a variety of situations, from building design to heating and cooling equipment manufacturing.

Now to calculate the temperature rise of 485 g of liquid water when 14.5 kJ of heat is added to it, we can use the formula:

Q = mcΔT

We must know that it has a quantity of heat of 14.5 Kj, with a mass of 485 g. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/(g °C).

First, we need to convert the heat added to joules:

Q = 14.5 KJ × (1000 J/1 KJ)

Q = 14500 J

We can then solve for ΔT. We clear the formula.

ΔT = Q / (m × c)

We substitute our data in the formula and solve the temperature change:

ΔT = Q / (m × c)

ΔT = (14500 J)/(485 g × 4.18 J/(g·°C))

ΔT ≈ 7.15 °C

The water would increase its temperature by approximately 7.15°C if 14.5 kJ of heat were added.

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The elements that have an outer electron configuration of ms2nd2 are located in the d-block of the periodic table and include some of the transition metals and lanthanides.

To determine which elements in the periodic table have this outer electron configuration, you can look at the position of the d-block elements in the table. The d-block elements are located in the middle of the table and include the transition metals. These elements have partially filled d orbitals, which can accommodate up to 10 electrons.

Elements in the d-block with an atomic number of 21 through 30 (scandium through zinc) have an outer electron configuration of d10s2 and do not fit the ms2nd2 configuration. However, elements in the d-block with an atomic number of 39 through 48 (yttrium through cadmium) have an outer electron configuration of d10s2p1 and can have the ms2nd2 configuration by removing the single electron in the p orbital. Elements in the d-block with an atomic number of 57 through 80 (lanthanum through mercury) also have the possibility of having an outer electron configuration of ms2nd2.

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