[tex]\huge{\mathbb{\tt {Major \: Disorders \: of \: Excretory \: System}}}[/tex]
» UremiaUremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is one of the primary components of urine. It can be defined as an excess of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, in the blood that would be normally excreted in the urine.. .» Renal FailureKidney (renal) failure is when kidneys don't work as well as they should. The term "kidney failure" covers a lot of problems. These problems can result in kidney failure: Your kidney doesn't get enough blood to filter. Your kidney is hurt by a disease like.» Renal Calculi or Kidney StonesKidney stones (also called renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. Diet, excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements and medications are among the many causes of kidney stones.» Nephritis or Bright's DiseaseBright disease, also called glomerulonephritis or nephritis, inflammation of the structures in the kidney that produce urine: the glomeruli and the nephrons. The glomeruli are small round clusters of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) that are surrounded by a double-walled capsule, called Bowman's capsule.» Hypertension due to Renin SecretionRenovascular hypertension (RVH) results from occlusion of blood flow to either kidney, which stimulates renin release. Increased renin leads to a series of actions that rapidly leads to increased systemic blood pressure.» Renal Tabular AcidosisRenal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to excrete acids into the urine, which causes a person's blood to remain too acidic.Diabetes InsipidusDiabetes insipidus (die-uh-BEE-teze in-SIP-uh-dus) is an uncommon disorder that causes an imbalance of fluids in the body. This imbalance leads you to produce large amounts of urine. It also makes you very thirsty even if you have something to drink.OedemaOedema is fluid retention. It used to be called dropsy. Oedema can be most easily seen around the ankles after you've been standing (peripheral oedema). After lying down for a while, your eyes may look puffy and swollen. In severe cases, oedema can also collect in your lungs and make you short of breath.#CarryOnLearning
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XxKim02xXshow work and proof and ill give brainliest
Answer:
a b and e
Explanation:
organism one gets its energy from the world while organism 4 gets it's energy from biotic life and its energy doesn't transfer anywhere else
Describe the ways that membrane proteins associate with the lipid bilayer, and discuss the functions of membrane proteins.
Answer:
Lipids are arranged in the form of a bilayer, while proteins are arranged in an irregular and asymmetric way between them. These components confer a certain degree of mobility to the membrane, giving rise to the pattern known as fluid mosaic. Membrane proteins, as will be seen later, can be peripheral or partially or totally integrated into the membrane, being generally globular or fibrous. Its activity is essential for the maintenance of transmembrane gradients and the study of its structure is a priority.
Explanation:
The lipid bilayer is a fluid and dynamic structure. This dynamism of the bilayer is known as the fluid mosaic model, in which all the molecules that are part of the bilayer are actively involved, whether they are phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols and proteins, among others. Membrane proteins are located according to the structure of their amino acids, specifically their hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties. They are the main communication tools between the inside and outside of the cell, thanks to them the exchange of molecules such as nutrients or waste products, as well as receiving external signals. Peripheral proteins are attached to the membrane by van der Waals forces, hydrogen or ionic bonds. Generally, they have a net positive charge, the presence of negatively charged lipids in the membrane being necessary to give rise to an electrostatic-type anchoring. Integral (intrinsic) proteins are bound to the lipid bilayer in a very tight way, through covalent bonds and are subdivided into three categories: One- or multi-step transmembrane protein (in alpha helix). They are glycosylated at the extracellular end. They are generally receivers. Protein bound to one or more fatty acids (in the inner sheet). An example of this category is protein G. Protein bound to a lipid of the bilayer (phosphatidyl-inositol) by means of an oligosaccharide (in the outer sheet). As an example we have the neuronal adhesion molecules.
ppppppppppppppppppppppppp
Answer:
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
Explanation:
:> tank u for pointe
UwU
The information in the table sa record of the number of different animal species
in South Africa and in the woria
na Diversity
Taxon
VERTEBRATES
Namma's
Biros
Reptiles
Amphibians
Freshwater
Nanne
INVERTEBRATES
Insects
Molluscs
Crustaceans
Corals
Number of species in SA Number of species
in the world
59 811
314
5416
796
9956
173
5 240
285
6 199
122.
9.410
3 294
20 590
66 185
1 203 375
950 000
81 000
40 000
2 175
3.2.1
How many vertebrate animal species X occurs in South Africa?
(1)
3.2.2
What percentage of the total number of marine fish in the world is
represented by the South African marine fish? Show all your
working
3.2.3
According to the table, which invertebrate animal species
contributes the most to biodiversity in the world?
3.2.4
Explain TWO ways in which humans would be affected it all the
insects were to become extinct.
(9)
Answer:
Explanation:
No
Translate the following DNA:
AAA CGT GGG ATA GTG ATO
What amino acid sequence will be generated based on this DNA?
Answer:
The answer is, TTT, GCA, CCC TAT CAC TA-
Explanation:
I am not sure what you meant by O? There is no amino acid that starts with O like that but remember this Apple to tree Car to garage. Tree to apple garage to car. Pls give brainly!
Case-study.
A 25 years old male with past medical history of alcohol abuse was admitted to the ED with complains of severe lower back and bilateral legs pain. He had been running twelve miles every day for two weeks using 3 lbs weights attached to each leg and 2 lbs weights attached to each arm preparing for the marathon. The other complaint was a dark color urine for two days.
What is the cause of his symptoms. Explain the mechanism.
Answer:
The lower back pain and bilateral leg pain is due to over and intense physical activity which causes stretching of ligaments and muscles resulting in back and leg pain. Such pain can be managed by limited or by reducing physical activity. The dark color of urine is due to the presence of bile (bilirubin) in the urine. Here the patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse. Excessive alcohol intake enhances gut permeability resulting in enhanced absorption of bacterial endotoxins. Excessive endotoxins in the liver cause damage of the kupffer cells in the liver, resulting in the release of bilirubin in the blood which ultimately passes through kidneys into the urine.
Explanation:
How did Robert Koch proved the germ theory disease
Answer:
In the final decades of the 19th century, Koch conclusively established that a particular germ could cause a specific disease. He did this by experimentation with anthrax. Using a microscope, Koch examined the blood of cows that had died of anthrax. He observed rod-shaped bacteria and suspected they caused anthrax.
PLEASE HELP TAKING TEST NOW NO LINKS PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!! In an ecosystem with low biodiversity, the removal of a species will (1 point)
O not affect the ecosystem because another species will take its place.
o disturb the ecosystem because another species will not be able to replace it.
o not affect the ecosystem because another species will not be able to replace it.
disturb the ecosystem because another species will take its place.
Answer:
disturb the ecosystem because another species will not be able to replace it.
Explanation:
How many years does a snake live and how many times does it change its skin without pictures please and without links
Answer:
9 years
Explanation:
Boa constrictor: 30 years
Boa constrictors are native to North, Central, and South America, mainly dwelling in rainforests. The lifespan for the large, heavy-bodied snake averages about 20 years in the wild, but living in captivity can increase that by 10 to 15 years.
Answer: Some types of snake can live for 2-3 decades, such as the boa constrictor, whereas others, such as garter snakes, will be fortunate to reach 10 years of age. On averge a snack changes its skin up to 2-4 times a year.
Explanation:
which meat causes salmonella? beef, Chicken, fish, or lamb
Answer:
all of them
Explanation:
hope this helps
The graph below show the number of sunspots observed between 1750 and 2000
Based on the graph, which of these conclusions is most likely correct about the
period between 1950 and 1980?
A. It was a period of increased solar radiation.
B. There were several earthquakes during this period.
C. There was severe rainfall during this period.
D. It was a period of abnormally cold climate.
Answer:A. It was a period of increased solar radiation
Explanation: I took a test and I got it right
Answer:
A. It was a period of increased solar radiation
Explanation:
Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition
make food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Plants take in sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to this process called photosynthesis. The water is brought in by the roots, the leaves take in the sunlight and make the food which are plant sugars. This feeds the plant the stem stores the food so the plant can make more as needed. The waste that plants produce is oxygen which is what humans need to survive.
natural gas is energy efficient because what
Answer:
See how natural gas compares to other energy sources. Natural gas is efficient because: It's easy to transport and little is lost while being delivered to the end user.
Explanation:
Which of the following is an
example of a chemosynthesizer?
A. most algae
B. most bacteria
C. plankton
D. small fish
Most bacteria is an example of a chemo synthesizer. So, the correct option is (B).
What is Chemo synthesizer?Chemo synthesizer is also called as Chemoautotrophs. Chemoautotrophs are defined as organisms that perform chemosynthesis which include certain groups of bacteria such as sulfur-oxidizing gamma proteobacteria, epsilon proteobacteria, and neutrophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria, and some archaea such as methanogenic archaea.
Chemoautotrophs performed chemosynthesis which is describe as the process in which bacteria make food with chemical energy. In this process, one or more carbon molecules are converted into organic matter.
Thus, most bacteria is an example of a chemo synthesizer. So, the correct option is (B).
Learn more about Chemosynthesis, here:
https://brainly.com/question/522040
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A woman goes to the doctor and is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. What factors led to her developing this disease? Select all that apply. Some of her T cells were not negatively selected. Some of her T cells are not recognizing and associating with her major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Some of her T cells were not positively selected. Some of her T cells are recognizing and responding to her self antigens.
Answer:
Some of her T cells are recognizing and responding to her self antigens.
Explanation:
Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized as an inflammation in the joints. This inflammation is created by some T cells and their associations with antigens.
Right at the initial stage of the disease, T cells are activated by their own antigens, which makes them respond to this activation by recruiting monocytes and creating antibody-producing cells from the B lymphocyte. T cells also cause the release of free radicals and lysosomal enzymes, in addition to promoting an activation of the high imne complex. All of this, attacks the joints causing an inflammatory process at the site, which justifies the autoimmune character of this disease.
Autoimmune diseases are those in which the elements of an organism's immune system attack the healthy cells of the organism itself, as we can see in the paragraph above.
Measurements are made of the longitudinal axoplasmic resistance of two unmyelinated axons. Along a 1 cm length of one axon, which has a diameter of 1 mm, the resistance is 10 MOhms. For the same length of another axon that has a diameter of 4 mm but is otherwise identical, what resistance (in MOhms) would you expect to measure
Answer:
0.625 MOhms
Explanation:
Since the resistance of the unmyelinated axon ,R is inversely proportional to the square of its diameter, d
R ∝ 1/d²
R₁/R₂ = d₂²/d₁² where R₁ = resistance of first axon = 10 MOhm, d₁ = diameter of first axon = 1 mm, R₂ = resistance of second axon and d₂ = diameter of second axon = 4mm
So, R₂/R₁ = d₁²/d₂²
R₂ = (d₁²/d₂²)R₁
R₂ = (d₁/d₂)²R₁
substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
R₂ = (d₁/d₂)²R₁
R₂ = (1 mm/4 mm)²10 MOhms
R₂ = (1/4)²10 MOhms
R₂ = (1/16)10 MOhms
R₂ = 0.0625 × 10 MOhms
R₂ = 0.625 MOhms
Using morphological features, the colonial flagellate hypothesis about the origin of animals can be explain briefly as...
Answer:
:i think this answer about your Ques
what was the most challenging activity why
Answer:
Bull Riding
Explanation:
People in this are die-hard tough power, dedicating their lives to taming a 1600-1700 pound bull.
In my opinion The most challenging activity is the creativity because every person creates new and unique items and every person has a creative inspiration deeply inside himself.
Why are bryophytes classified into three divisions
Explanation:
Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions of non-vascular land plants (embryophytes): the liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although they can survive in drier environments. The bryophytes consist of about 20,000 plant species.
person who studies inscets
Answer:
An entomologist
Explanation:
Do students learn more when they are hungry? I don’t think so. We should have a vending machine at our school because people get hungry in the middle of the day, it would raise money for sports and clubs, and students would learn more.
Answer:
No they will not learn more because thier mind will in food and they will not understand
LINKS WILL BE REPORTED!
Explain how competition for food can cause natural selection.
Answer:
Interactions between organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed. According to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources is important in natural selection.
Explanation:
that's all i got.
hope it helps
PLS HELP!!! 100 POINTS! PLS DO A GOOD JOB!!!!!!!!!! WRITE A LAB REPORT ABOUT Interdependence of Organisms!!!!!!!! PLS I NEED THIS NOW! PLS HELP! READ THE LAB REPORT GUIDE PLEASE!!!
Answer: what did u get on it
Explanation:
Chloroplasts require oxygen.
True
Or
False??
Answer:
yes true because The oxygen released by the chloroplasts is the same oxygen you breathe every day.
Explanation:
Can someone please help, I dont understand thank you.
Answer:
1. Large eye
2. Normal
3. Oval face
4. Large eye
5. Round face
6. Normal chin
7. Receding
8. Oval face
9. PP, Pp
10. ee
11. TT, Tt
12. ss
Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition
Increasing the pressure on one spot of a fluid will increase the pressure everywhere else in the fluid
Answer:
Pascal's principal is the word that best fits the definition.
hope this helps you☺️☺️
Answer:
Pascal's principle.
Explanation:
because yes.
Difference between palisade cell and fungal cell
Answer:
Explanation:
Plantae and Fungi are two of the three main kingdoms in the domain Eukaryote (the third group is Animalia, which includes you and me).
Many fungi grow in a way that’s similar to plants. They inhabit similar ecosystems and may even form symbiotic relationships together. Mycorrhizae are fungi that grow on the roots of plants, helping the plants take up nutrients in the soil while the plant provides the fungus with sugar. Of course, most fungi don’t look much like plants.
But the differences between fungi and plants are more than just skin (or bark) deep. While mushrooms often inhabit similar ecosystems to plants, molds and yeasts are even more different from plants!
Looking at a plant cell and a fungi cell under a microscope will reveal some interesting similarities and differences.
Why is it important for international organizations to work together on environmental policy?
Answer:
Environmental issues don't regard borders. They can compile all of their thoughts together to critically analyze the environmental issues that we face around the globe.
Explanation:
answer and show proof and ill give brainliest
Answer:
Explanation: negative human impact on the pH of Earth’s oceans can be reduced.
The following genes have been mapped from left to right on the X chromosome of Drosophila using recombination frequency. The numbers indicate the map distance between genes in cM: Yellow (1.4) White (19.6) Singed The gene Ruby exhibits 7.5% recombination with Yellow and 13.5% recombination with Singed. What is the location of Ruby with respect to the White gene
Answer:
----Yellow-------------White----------------------Ruby---------------------------Singed---
Explanation:
Available data:
Yellow gene is 1.4cM apart from White geneWhite gene is 19.6 cM apart from Singed geneRuby gene exhibits 7.5% recombination with Yellow geneRuby gene exhibits 13.5% recombination with Singed geneFirst, you need to know that
The genetic distance = recombination frequency x 100 expressed in map units (MU). The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which every 100 meiotic products, one results in a recombinant one. 1% of recombination = One centiMorgan (cM) = one map unit (MU).Knowing this, we can assume that
the distance from Ruby to yellow equals 7.5 cM the distance from Ruby to Singed equals 13.5 cM.So we have four genes: yellow, white, singed, and ruby. And we need to put them in order in the chromosome, from left to right.
What we need to do here is to start from the most distant genes. So first, we will place these two genes in the extremes of a segment. The second step is to find the second most distant pair and place it. And so on, until we get to order all the genes.
Distances:
yellow-white→ 1.4cMwhite-singed→ 19.6 cMruby-yellow→ 7.5 cMruby-singed→ 13.5 cM1) The most distant pair is white-singed, so these two genes are places for now in the extremes of the chromosomal segment
----White---------------(19.6 cM)-------------------Singed---
2) The second most distant pair is ruby-singed. So ruby is placed somewhere between white and singed.
----White-------------------------Ruby-------------------Singed---
║---------------------------19.6 cM-----------------------║
║-----------13.5 cM-----║
We could assume that the distance between white and ruby is the difference between white-singed distance and ruby-singed distance. This is
white-ruby distance = white-singed distance - ruby-singed distance
white-ruby distance = 19.6 - 13.5
white-ruby distance = 6.1 cM
3) The third most distant pair is ruby-yellow. So now we need to place yellow. We know that the distance between white and yellow is 1.4 cM. We also know that the distance between white and ruby is 6.1 cM. If yellow was between white and ruby, the distance between white-yellow plus the distance yellow-ruby should equal the distance white ruby. But this is not true:
distance between white-yellow + distance yellow-ruby = 1.4 + 7.5 ≠ 6.1.
So yellow is not in the middle between white and ruby.
According to the given information, yellow precedes white in the order from left to right. This is coherent, as the addition of distances Yellow-white + white-ruby equals the distance yellow-ruby.
the distance yellow-ruby = distances Yellow-white + white-ruby
7.5 cM = 1.4 cM + 6.1 cM
So yellow is in fact before white.
According to this order, the distance from yellow to singed equals the addition of all the other distances.
yellow-singed = yellow-white + white-ruby + ruby-singed
yellow-singed = 1.4 + 6.1 + 13.5 = 21 cM
The correct order is
----Yellow-------------White----------------------Ruby---------------------------Singed---
║----------------------------------------------(21cM)--------------------------------║
║-----------------------(19.6cM)------------------------------║
║--------------(13.5cM)---------║
║------------------------------(7.5cM)----------║
║---------(6.1cM)--------║
║------(1.4cM)----║