What did Timbuktu become during the reign of Mansa Musa?

while the Mongols were undoubtedly a formidable and impressive group of people, their legacy is a mixed one, with both positive and negative aspects.

The Mongols were a complex group of people with both positive and negative characteristics. On the positive side, they were highly organized and efficient warriors, capable of conquering vast territories with remarkable speed. They were also skilled horsemen and archers, with a deep respect for nature and the environment.

One specific example of their positive traits is their use of a highly developed system of communication, known as the Yam. This allowed them to relay messages quickly and effectively over long distances, enabling them to coordinate their movements and react quickly to changing circumstances.

On the negative side, the Mongols were known for their brutality and their willingness to use violence and terror to achieve their goals. They were notorious for their use of torture and mass killings, often targeting innocent civilians in their conquests. They also showed little regard for cultural traditions or religious beliefs, frequently destroying temples and other sacred sites.

One specific example of their negative traits is the sack of Baghdad in 1258, where they killed an estimated 200,000 people and destroyed countless works of art and literature. This event is seen as a major tragedy in the history of the Islamic world, and it highlights the destructive potential of Mongol conquests.

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In 1921, Britain and France imposed reparations on Germany as part of the Treaty of Versailles.

The Treaty required Germany to pay 132 billion gold marks, equivalent to approximately 350 billion US dollars in today's currency, to cover the costs of the war.

This sum was to be paid in installments over a period of years. The reparations were to be paid in kind, with Germany delivering goods such as coal, timber and chemicals, or in cash.

Britain and France also imposed a number of restrictions on Germany, including limits on the size of its army and navy, the dismantling of its overseas colonies, the acceptance of responsibility for starting the war and the payment of war debts. These reparations and restrictions were seen as a way of punishing Germany for causing the war and ensuring that it could not do so again.

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Yes, the above statement is true. Icons refer to the religious images of Byzantium, made from a variety of media, which depict holy figures and events.

An icon is a sacred work of art, most frequently a work of art, in the styles of the Eastern Orthodox Christians, Eastern Orthodox, and Catholic churches (from Ancient Greek v (eikn) "image, resemblance"). An icon is a sacred image utilised in religious devotion; they are not merely works of art.

The word "Byzantine" comes from Byzantium in an ancient Greek settlement that Byzas built. The site of Byzantium was perfectly suited to act as a transit and trading hub between Europe and Asia because it was situated upon the European side of the both the Bosporus (the strait separating the Black Sea from the Mediterranean).

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If by the end of 1914, an estimated 475 miles of trenches had been dug on the Western Front. The statement that best represents the main idea of this source is: C. Trenches warfare were used  alot in World war 1.

The major thesis of this source is that trench warfare which had been employed in previous conflicts but not to the same degree was a crucial and distinguishing feature of World War I.

Option C is the sentence that most accurately expresses this major notion. In World War I trench warfare was frequently employed. The additional claims are supporting material that add to our understanding of how trenches were used in World War I but they do not speak to the core thesis of the source.

Therefore the correct option is C.

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was a major step toward creating a

Professional cival service in

the United States l

Answer: B. Less government.

Explanation:  During the Cold War, liberalism referred to a political ideology that prioritized individual freedoms and limited government intervention. It emphasized the principles of civil rights, free trade, and social safety nets.

Civil rights encompassed the idea that all individuals should have equal rights and protections under the law, regardless of their race, gender, or other characteristics.  This principle aimed to combat discrimination and promote equality.

Free trade advocated for the removal of barriers and restrictions on international trade, such as tariffs and quotas.  It believed that unrestricted trade would promote economic growth, create jobs, and foster cooperation between nations.

Social safety nets referred to government programs and policies designed to provide assistance and support to individuals or families facing economic hardship or social challenges.  This could include programs like unemployment benefits, welfare, or healthcare access.  The idea was to ensure that basic needs were met and to help individuals in times of need.

However, the principle of less government was not typically associated with liberalism during the Cold War.  While liberalism did promote limited government intervention, it did not advocate for a complete absence of government.  Instead, it aimed to strike a balance between individual liberties and the necessary role of the government in providing public services, protecting rights, and ensuring fair competition.

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Answer:

About Chaos - Nothingness. Chaos (derived from the Ancient Greek Χάος, Chaos) typically refers to a state lacking order or predictability.

Explanation:

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Two problems with the leadership of the Catholic Church before the Reformation were corruption and the trade of indulgences.

Corruption became everyday within the church scale, with numerous high- ranking officers the use of their positions for particular advantage, main to a decline in morality and moral norms.

Also, the trade of indulgences, which promised remission of sins in change for cash, came a economic business for the church, leading to sizeable review and commination. those issues, together with others, eventually brought approximately the Protestant Reformation, which sought to reform the church and address those and other concerns.

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Answer:

No

Explanation:

Hitler was a white supremist. He thought believed that Aryan race was supreme. The ideal Aryan had pale skin, blond hair and blue eyes.

He tried to form a hierarchy of 'races' with the Aryans at the top and with Jews, Gypsies and black people at the bottom. These 'inferior' people were seen as a threat to the purity and strength of the German nation.

The subject of the details of Third-Style wall-painting is usually mythological or architectural scenes.

The Third Style of Roman wall painting emerged in the 1st century BC and reached its peak in the 1st century AD. This style is characterized by a return to a more decorative and ornamental approach, with the use of intricate details and small-scale motifs.

The subjects of these details are usually mythological or architectural scenes, such as landscapes, buildings, and figures from Greek and Roman mythology.

These details were often executed in a highly stylized manner, with an emphasis on intricate patterns and delicate lines. The Third Style was highly influential and was imitated throughout the Roman Empire, and its motifs can be seen in many different contexts, from public buildings to private homes.

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Answer: Completely and utterly true

Explanation: After the depression more babies were made to try and recover from economic hardships faced during that time the peak was in 1957.

The statement that "The Great Depression of the 1920s and 30s caused a baby boom since the economy was so down" is True because it causes due to a combination of economic and social factors.

Firstly, during the Great Depression, many people lost their jobs or had their wages reduced, leading to a decrease in the cost of living. This meant that families were more able to afford to have children, as the expenses associated with raising a child were less than they would have been during times of economic prosperity.

Additionally, many couples may have delayed having children until the economic situation improved, leading to a "pent-up demand" for childbearing once conditions stabilized. This, combined with the lower cost of living, could have contributed to a boom in births once the worst of the Depression was over.

Furthermore, the Great Depression may have had a psychological impact on individuals, leading to a desire to create a brighter future by having children. This sentiment was echoed in government campaigns at the time, which encouraged citizens to have more children in order to stimulate the economy and build a stronger nation.

Overall, while the Great Depression was a difficult time for many, it did contribute to a baby boom in the 1920s and 30s due to a combination of economic and social factors.

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Italy is the country that is not located within one of the world's three largest population clusters. The three largest population clusters are East Asia (including China), South Asia (including India), and North America (including the United States). France is part of the Western Europe cluster, which is not as large as the top three. Italy, being in Southern Europe, is also outside of these three largest clusters.

Italy, a European country with a lengthy Mediterranean coastline, has had a profound influence on Western culture and gastronomy. Its capital, Rome, is home to the Vatican as well as historical art and ruins. Florence, with Renaissance masterpieces such as Michelangelo's "David" and Brunelleschi's Duomo; Venice, the city of canals; and Milan, Italy's fashion hub, are other prominent cities.

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Fear of communist influence in the United States  is most closely associated with McCarthyism

McCarthyism is the word given to the unraveling events that plagued the United States in the 1950s, where Senator Joseph McCarthy sought out and endeavored to reveal supposed communist influence in the government structures, media outlets, and other societal establishments.

Taking advantage of pre-existing Cold War tensions - augmented by  the Soviet Union's successful atomic bomb test conducted in 1949 - McCarthy, along with his cohorts, presented unverifiable observations and used aggressive customs to allege communistic leanings amongst citizens.

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The Abolitionist Movement was able to grow thanks to the efforts of various groups and individuals who spoke out against slavery.

Religious organizations, namely Quakers and other evangelicals, led the initial crusade against slavery as they saw it as a violation of inherent human rights. The campaign was then adopted by a more eclectic group of advocates such as ex-slaves, female rights champions, and political figures.

A number of prominent abolitionists, including but not limited to William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and Sojourner Truth, played a pivotal role in publicizing the issue of slavery.

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it is crucial to maintain a balance between preserving the historical and doctrinal aspects of Christianity while remaining firmly rooted in Christ.  

Mason suggests that focusing our moral imagination and energy on protecting the integrity of the branch (historical figures, incidents, or points of doctrine) in isolation from the vine (Christ) can keep us from fully understanding and appreciating the central role of Christ in our spiritual journey.
When we concentrate solely on the branch, we may miss out on the broader perspective and deeper connection with Christ, which is essential for our spiritual growth and relationship with God.
It is crucial to maintain a balance between understanding the historical context and appreciating the teachings of the branch, while not losing sight of the vital connection to the vine, which is Christ Himself. This approach enables us to develop a more profound and comprehensive understanding of our faith and fosters a stronger relationship with God.

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The human rights issue that lay beneath the surface of nineteenth-century Russian culture was serfdom.

Serfdom was a system where peasants were bound to the land they worked on and were essentially owned by the landowners. This system denied basic human rights to the serfs, such as freedom of movement, the right to own property, and access to education.

The serfs were subjected to harsh living conditions, forced labor, and exploitation by their landlords. This oppressive system led to social unrest, which eventually contributed to the emancipation of the serfs in 1861 by Tsar Alexander II.

The abolishment of serfdom was a significant step towards addressing the human rights issue in Russia during the nineteenth century.

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The use of deliberate violence and fear to further political or ideological goals is referred to as terrorism in its broadest sense. In this usage, the phrase primarily refers to intentional harm done to noncombatants during times of peace or during armed conflict.

Terrorism is defined as the "calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to instill fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological" by the Department of Defence Dictionary of Military Terms.

The illegal use of force or violence against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing a government or its people to promote specific political or social goals is referred to as terrorism. In general, law enforcement distinguishes between two types of terrorism.

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Answer: TS: Indoctrination poses potential dangers to individuals and society as a whole.

E1: History is rife with examples of indoctrination leading to disastrous consequences. The Nazi regime in Germany is a prime example of how indoctrination can lead to the persecution and killing of millions of people. The Nazis used propaganda and indoctrination to convince the German people that Jews, homosexuals, and other groups were inferior and posed a threat to society.

E2: Current events also highlight the dangers of indoctrination. In some countries, extremist groups use indoctrination to radicalize young people and recruit them into terrorist organizations. These groups use social media and other online platforms to spread their message and target vulnerable individuals.

E3: The consequences of indoctrination can be severe and long-lasting. Individuals who have been indoctrinated may struggle to think critically and make independent decisions. Society as a whole may suffer from the effects of indoctrination, such as increased intolerance, discrimination, and violence.

C: In conclusion, it is essential to recognize the potential dangers of indoctrination and take steps to prevent it. Education, critical thinking, and exposure to diverse perspectives can help individuals resist indoctrination and make informed decisions. By promoting these values, we can build a more tolerant and just society that values freedom of thought and expression.

Explanation:

The American Indian Movement (AIM) was a civil rights organization founded in 1968 that sought to address issues faced by Native Americans, including treaty rights, land rights, and police brutality. The impact of AIM throughout the 1960s and 70s included:

a) AIM's advocacy efforts contributed to the passage of the American Indian Self-Determination and Educational Assistance Act in 1975, which gave tribes greater control over their own affairs and increased funding for education and economic development.

c) AIM's activism also resulted in millions of acres of land being returned to the Oglala Nation in South Dakota, which had been taken from them without proper compensation.

d) The movement culminated in the Wounded Knee incident of 1973 when AIM members and supporters occupied the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota to protest the federal government's handling of treaty violations and land rights issues. The resulting standoff with federal agents lasted 71 days and gained national attention, ultimately bringing attention to the plight of Native Americans across the country.

The impact of the American Indian Movement (AIM) throughout the 1960s and 70s included the following:

A) Led to the passage of the American Indian Self-Determination and Educational Assistance Act in 1975. This act allowed tribes more control over their affairs and improved educational opportunities for Native Americans.

D) Culminated in the Wounded Knee Incident of 1973. This event involved a 71-day standoff between AIM activists and federal agents at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, drawing national attention to Native American issues.

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Political leaders often emerge and become popular during times of national suffering because they tap into the emotions and concerns of the people.

In times of crisis, such as economic hardship, social unrest, or national security threats, people may feel anxious, frustrated, or powerless.

Political leaders who can offer a compelling vision of change or promise to address the sources of the suffering may gain a significant following.

They may offer solutions to complex problems or provide a sense of hope and optimism.

Additionally, leaders who are charismatic, persuasive, and relatable may be particularly effective in inspiring people to take action.

However, it's essential to note that not all political leaders who emerge during times of suffering are effective or well-intentioned, and some may exploit the situation for their gain.

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During Lyndon B. Johnson's presidency, there were several major events and policies that shaped his administration.

One of the most significant events was the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This landmark legislation was a major victory for the Civil Rights Movement and was signed into law by Johnson on July 2, 1964. Another important policy was the Great Society, a series of domestic programs aimed at addressing poverty and inequality in the United States. The Great Society included initiatives such as Medicare, Medicaid, and the War on Poverty, which sought to provide healthcare and economic support to those in need. Lyndon B. Johnson also oversaw the escalation of the Vietnam War, which became increasingly unpopular and divisive as the conflict dragged on. His decision to send more troops to Vietnam and his handling of the war contributed to a decline in his popularity and ultimately led to his decision not to seek reelection in 1968. In addition, Johnson signed several important pieces of legislation during his presidency, including the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which prohibited discriminatory voting practices, and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which ended discriminatory immigration quotas based on national origin.
Overall, Johnson's presidency was marked by both significant achievements and controversial policies, and his legacy continues to be debated and analyzed today.

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When Abraham Lincoln blockaded Southern ports and issued the Emancipation Proclamation without congressional approval, he was making use of his executive powers as President and employing wartime measures to suppress the Confederacy and advance the cause of ending slavery.

When Abraham Lincoln blockaded southern ports and issued the Emancipation Proclamation without congressional approval, he was making use of his powers as the President of the United States during a time of war. As Commander-in-Chief, Lincoln had the authority to take necessary actions to preserve the Union and to suppress the rebellion. The blockade was a military tactic aimed at weakening the Confederacy's economy and ability to import and export goods. The Emancipation Proclamation, while not immediately freeing all slaves, was a symbolic move to declare that the Union was fighting for the end of slavery as well as the preservation of the nation.

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In a laboratory involving the electromagnetic spectrum, the independent variable is often the type of radiation being assessed--ranging from radio waves to microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, or gamma rays.

The investigator steers the dependent variable by electing what electromagnetic radiation will be explored.

Meanwhile, the dependent variable denotes the material's reaction to said radiation. This could entail the alteration in colour of a substance exposed to UV radiation, the variance in temperature of an object exposed to infrared radiation, or the detection of hazardous radiation with a Geiger counter in regards to X-rays or gamma rays

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The French Revolutionary government was a period in France between 1789 to 1799, which saw the country undergo significant changes.

The government implemented sweeping reforms, such as abolishing the monarchy, introducing new legal and taxation systems, and granting equal rights to all people including Jews. However, they did not make all changes.

One of the changes the French Revolutionary government did not make was abolishing slavery in all the French colonies. Despite the push for equality, slavery was not abolished in the colonies and remained a major issue throughout the period.

Furthermore, the French Revolutionary government did not adopt the metric system of measurement. At the time, the metric system was not widely accepted and France continued to use the traditional system of measurement.

Additionally, they did not require young men to serve two years in the military. In fact, conscription was not introduced in France until 1798. Lastly, the Revolutionary government did not turn Notre Dame and other churches into temples of reason, nor did they change the year structure.

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Statement C is false. Members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms, not six, as indicated in option C.

The House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the United States Congress, and it is charged with representing the people of each state in proportion to their population. Members of the House must be at least 25 years old, have been a US citizen for at least 7 years, and live in the state they represent.

Members of the House of Representatives have no term restrictions, which means they can remain indefinitely as long as they are re-elected by their constituency. They must, however, run for re-election every two years, making the House of Representatives more susceptible to popular will than the Senate, whose members serve six-year terms.

Overall, the House of Representatives is critical to the American political system since it passes laws and represents the interests of the American people.

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The Abyssinian crisis was a major diplomatic confrontation during the interwar period, involving the League of Nations, Italy and Ethiopia.

To distract France from the Abyssinian crisis, Adolf Hitler began to re-arm Germany in 1935, in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. This move was a major violation of international law, and caused alarm among France and Britain who were already uneasy about the Abyssinian crisis.

Hitler also announced conscription for the German army and the reintroduction of military service in March 1935, which France was quick to condemn. In response, France began to build up its military in the Rhineland, further distracting them from the Abyssinian crisis.

The German re-armament and conscription violated the Treaty of Versailles, and while it did not directly cause the Abyssinian crisis, it did distract France and Britain from it, allowing Italy to more easily invade Ethiopia.

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At the urging of abolitionists such as Frederick Douglass, President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation. He also eventually allowed African Americans to serve in the Union army.

The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War.

The order declared that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free, although it did not actually free any slaves in Union-held territory.

The Emancipation Proclamation was a significant turning point in the Civil War because it helped to shift the focus of the conflict from a struggle over states' rights to a struggle for freedom and emancipation

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Amos

The book if Amis in the Old Testament contains oracular formula , for three sins or even four.....

The oracular formula "For three sins...even for four..." appears in the book of Amos in the Old Testament. Amos was a prophet who lived in the southern kingdom of Judah but was sent by God to prophesy against the northern kingdom of Israel.

In his prophecies, Amos condemned the Israelites for their social injustices and religious corruption, and he warned of impending judgment and exile if they did not repent. The formula "For three sins...even for four..." is used by Amos to emphasize the severity of Israel's sins and the certainty of their punishment. It is a common prophetic formula used throughout the Old Testament to describe a total breach of the covenant between God and his people.

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Following the 1967 War, Israel took the West Bank from Jordan and started to control water use there. It established pumping caps and prohibited the drilling of wells without a permit. Only 23 new wells have received permits since 1967.

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with the emergence of significant nationalism movements among Jews and Arabs, both of which aimed to establish sovereignty for their respective peoples in the Middle East.

Israel has stated a number of justifications for keeping the West Bank inside its borders, including a claim based on the idea of historic rights to this as a homeland, as claimed in the Balfour Declaration of 1917.

Thus, Israel took the West Bank from Jordan and started to control water use there.

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