Which case allowed for the incorporation of the rights described in the
Second Amendment?
O A. Mapp v. Ohio
O B. McDonald v. Chicago
O c. Gitlow v. New York
O D. Gideon v. Wainwright

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

McDonald v. Chicago

Explanation:

The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment extends the Second Amendment’s right to keep and bear arms to the states, at least for traditional, lawful purposes such as self-defense.

Facts

Four Chicago residents, including Otis McDonald, challenged a Chicago ordinance that required the registration of firearms while accepting no registrations that post-dated the implementation of a handgun ban in 1982. The law also required the re-registration of handguns with the payment of an annual fee and prevented any individual from registering a gun again once its registration had lapsed. McDonald, who was 76 years old and a former maintenance engineer, pointed out that his neighborhood in Morgan Park was prone to gang-related violence as a result of drug trafficking. He had been the victim of five burglaries, so he felt that he needed a handgun for the purposes of self-defense. (He owned shotguns for hunting but did not want to use those.)

Building on the Supreme Court decision in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), McDonald sought to expand the Second Amendment's application to state and local governments through selective incorporation. (Since Heller had unfolded in the District of Columbia, the Bill of Rights was directly applicable to this federally controlled area.) This meant that the right to bear arms must be deemed fundamental because of its deeply rooted presence in national history and traditions or its inherent role in protecting liberty. McDonald also offered the novel argument that the Fourteenth Amendment's Privileges or Immunities Clause should be allowed to apply the Bill of Rights to state and local governments, overturning the Court's 1873 decision in the Slaughter-House Case. This doctrinal shift would have allowed the Bill of Rights to be applied directly to non-federal governments without the need for incorporation. It could have had an impact on other parts of the Bill of Rights to which incorporation had not yet been applied.

Issues & Holdings

Issue: Whether the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires the application of the Bill of Rights in its entirety to state and local governments.

Holding: No. The holding in the Slaughter-House Case remains in effect, and incorporation is the appropriate way to selectively apply provisions in the Bill of Rights beyond the federal government.

Opinions

Majority

Samuel A. Alito, Jr. (Author)

John G. Roberts, Jr.

Antonin Scalia

Anthony M. Kennedy

Clarence Thomas

Declining to address the Privileges or Immunities Clause component of McDonald's argument, Alito applied the incorporation doctrine to find that state and local governments are subject to the Second Amendment through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. He reminded readers that the right to bear arms is not unqualified and that the restrictions recognized in the Heller decision remain intact, such as bans on straw purchases, restrictions on use in school zone and federal buildings, and bans on use by convicted criminals or the mentally ill.

Concurrence

Clarence Thomas (Author)

Thomas would have accepted McDonald's bolder argument and overruled the Slaughter-House Case, finding that the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment automatically applied all of the protections in the Bill of Rights to states and cities.

Concurrence

Antonin Scalia (Author)

Dissent

John Paul Stevens (Author)

Arguing against the principle of incorporation, Stevens would have reverted to the narrower 19th-century understanding of this doctrine.

Dissent

Stephen G. Breyer (Author)

These dissenters felt that there was no fundamental right to individual self-defense guaranteed by the Second Amendment. (Breyer had written a similar dissent in Heller.)

Case Commentary

Despite the holding that the Second Amendment applies to state and local governments, this decision emphasizes that provisions of the Bill of Rights should be incorporated only if they are part of the national tradition or fundamental to historical visions of liberty. Whether this language will serve as a practical limit on incorporation is not certain.

As with Heller, the Court did not state the standard of review that was appropriate for Second Amendment cases. Like that earlier decision, it spawned a plethora of cases challenging various gun laws, since the highly case-specific nature of the jurisprudence in this area means that each type of law must be analyzed separately.


Related Questions

Research the immigration of the Polish, the Irish, and the Chinese to the United States. Complete the chart with information about when the majority of this group immigrated, where they settled, what challenges they encountered, and what contributions they made to American society. Polish Irish Chinese Year of major immigration Location of settlement Challenges they faced Contributions made to American society

Answers

Answer:

Immigrants faced problem of hatred and social problems in US.

Explanation:

Immigration of the Polish to US started in 18th century and high immigration was recorded in the year 1870. Mostly they are settled in Texas and Chicago. Immigration of the Irish to US started in 1820  and up to 1840, 2.2 millions of Irish people migrated to US. They are settled in Boston and New York. immigration of the Chinese to US started in 1838 and high immigration was recorded in the year 1850. They were settled in California and states west of the Rocky Mountains. Problem faced by Chinese and Polish immigrants were hatred by anti-immigrants riots and pressure. Unsanitary conditions and the social problems such as violence, alcoholism and crime were the problems faced by  Irish people. These immigrants bring  a big change in the culture of the American people in American  society.

HELP PLEASE 20 POINTS ONE QUESTION What was the purpose of Kennedy's quarantine speech during the cuban missile crisis!?!?!?

Answers

it was to prevent the Soviets from bringing in more military supplies. He demanded the removal of the missiles already there and the destruction of the sites.

how to help each other

Answers

Answer:

:) what's the question?

What is the question?

What is the historical significance of Japanese internment?

Answers

It was racism based off prejudice claims from the Pearl Harbor bombing.

why might the platt amendmate be considered ironic?

Answers

Answer:

The Platt Amendment might be considered ironic because while it is an agreement that will keep foreign nations from interfering in the affairs of Cuba, the United States continued to be involved in the nation's affairs, even maintaining a naval station in Guantanamo Bay. So, signing an agreement to keep foreign nations away from Cuba while still getting itself involved is an ironic situation.

Explanation:

The Platt Amendment was a treaty between the United States and Cuba that aims to prevent any foreign nation from interfering in Cuba's internal affairs. This was an attempt by the United States to protect Cuba's independence.

This amendment is ironic because of the very nature of the agreement. While it ensures the independence of Cuba from any foreign nation's intervention in its affairs, the US still makes its presence in the nation. While stating that the main objective of the agreement was to make Cuba an independent nation without any other nation's intervention or involvement, the United States still maintained or got involved in the South American nation's affairs, including the establishment of the naval station at Guantanamo Bay.

Answer:

The Platt Amendment can be considered ironic because the US was demanding other states not to interfere in Cuban's affair while it was doing the same.

Explanation:

The Platt Amendment was a treaty formed between the US and Cuba after the Spanish-American ended in 1898. After the war ended, Cuba was under control of the US government but an amendment was passed between the US and Cuba that US will not try to take complete control over Cuba. This amendment was known as Teller Amendment. The Platt Amendment can said  to be an extension of the Teller Amendment which formed a treaty between the US and Cuba in 1901.

The amendment was passed demanding that other states should not interfere in the Cuba's affair. The irony of the Platt Amendment is that though this amendment approved Cuba to be 'self-governing colony' many of Cuba's affairs are in control of the US.

In the 1920s, how did American entrepreneurs contribute to the economy?
A. They rejected the policy of Fordism.

B. They pushed for stricter government regulations.

C. They resisted new technologies.

D. They helped establish new industries.

Answers

Answer:

American entrepreneurs in the 1920’s contributes to the economy by helping establish new industries. So, D is the answer.

Explanation:

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Bill of Rights? a. to explain the procedure for amending the Constitution b. to inspire the governments of other nations c. to guarantee freedoms that belong to every citizen d. to limit the rights of individual citizens

Answers

C; to guarantee freedoms that belong to every citizen.

when Gandhi came to india​

Answers

Gandhi came to India in 1915....

Struggle for Indian independence (1915–1947) At the request of Gopal Krishna Gokhale, conveyed to him by C. F. Andrews, Gandhi returned to India in 1915. He brought an international reputation as a leading Indian nationalist, theorist and community organiser.

Why did he want to include university professors in lawmaking? He believed that professors would not give in to bribes or corruption. He believed that professors were the only ones intelligent enough to write laws. He wanted to apply scientific thinking to government.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is c

Explanation:

answer on edgen

Answer:

C. He wanted to apply scientific thinking to government.

Explanation:

got it right on edg2020

(PLEASE ANSWER FAST) President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan required southern states to _____.

ratify the 14th Amendment

allow African American men to vote

abolish slavery

create black codes

Answers

The answer is B (ratify the 14th amendment)

President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan required southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment. Thus, option A is correct.

Who is President Johnson?

The 36th President of the United States was an American statesman named Lyndon Baines Johnson. He was the person who brought civil rights into the legislation along with the right to vote. 

14th Amendment's primary objectives were to safeguard freed slaves' liberties, reestablish full involvement in politics for said southern members, and develop new connections between African Americans and Americans.

So that can join the Federation, thereby widening the concept of nationality by giving fugitive slaves “equal protection” under the Charter of rights and freedoms. Therefore, option A is the correct option.

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!!! SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME NOW!!!

Use the drop-down menus to complete the sentences
In Justice Goldberg's concurring opinion, he (__)
the court's decision.
According to the justice, the Ninth Amendment (__)
additional, basic rights for citizens.

Answers

agrees with

protects

In Justice Goldberg's concurring opinion, he

✔ agrees with

the court's decision.

According to the justice, the Ninth Amendment

✔ protects

additional basic rights for people in the United States.

Texans defeated the army of General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the battle of

Answers

Answer: Battle of San Jacinto: April 1836

I hope this is right

Explanation:

On April, 1836, Sam Houston and some Texans defeated Santa Anna's Mexican force of approximately 1,500 men at the Battle of San Jacinto

The battle of San Jacinto

Which of the following describes federalism? The judicial branch of the government holds the most power. The national government possesses all legal power. Local governments have no independent authority. The government's power is divided between the national government and the state governments.

Answers

Answer:

The following describes federalism.

Explanation:

The government's power is divided between the national government and the state governments.

hope it helps , pls mark me as brainliest !!!!

Answer: I think its D.

    Also feel free to push that thanks button and hope this answer is correct and good use.

what were the consequences of the War of 1898.

Answers

First major battle between Spanish and U.S. Forces: U.S. Commodore Dewey and his Asiatic squadron defeat the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay in the Philippines. U.S troops land on cuba

Select all that apply. From this lesson, what are the positive effects of globalization? You can learn other languages faster. You can learn about foreign art and music. You can preserve your country's traditional ways of life. You can learn how students in other countries live.

Answers

Answer: you can learn about foreign art and music

Answer:

You can learn other languages faster.

You can learn about foreign art and music.

You can learn how students in other countries live.

Explanation:

You can learn how students in other countries live.

You can quickly find out what is happening in other parts of the world.

You can learn other languages faster.

You can better understand why other people think and act as they do.

You have opportunities to learn about foreign music, art, and literature.

straight from the section

Why did Congress impeach President Andrew Johnson in 1868?

Answers

Answer:

The impeachment of Andrew Johnson was initiated on February 24, 1868, when the United States House of Representatives resolved to impeach Andrew Johnson, the 17th president of the United States, for "high crimes and misdemeanors," which were detailed in 11 articles of impeachment.

Explanation:

What does the video demonstrate about warfare during World War I

Answers

Answer:

Trenches could contain dozens of soldiers.

Explanation:

Answer A on edg.

The video demonstrates warfare during World War I Trenches could contain dozens of soldiers. Thus, option A is correct.

What was a World War I?

The world was first exposed to the tragedies of trench warfare and dangerous technological advances like poison gas as well as tanks during World War I, which raged from 1914 to 1918. Over than 16 million military civilians and soldiers perished as a response, resulting some of the most horrifying bloodshed the world ever saw.

In the World War One video it was clearly suggested that how the making of trenches it provided aid to the soldiers. As the trenches could contain lots of soldiers they had a place to hide and they will be secured from the weapon firing that for being done by the other side. It helps in there life as well as provided security to them.

Therefore, option A is the correct option.

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What does the video demonstrate about warfare during World War I?

A) Conditions in trenches were very difficult.

B) Trenches were fortified with brick walls.

C) Soldiers did not use helmets or protective clothing.

D) Troops lacked communications equipment.

The People's Republic of China is the only communist government that has ever been able to implement
the true principles of a republic.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
ОТ
OF

Answers

Answer:

Bro elaborate the question. I cant understand half of it.

The _____ was the proposed Reconstruction plan supported by Radical Republicans.

Ten Percent Plan

Wade-Davis Bill

Freedmen’s Bureau

Reconstruction Plan

Answers

Answer:

Reconstruction Plan

Explanation:

in 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of reconstruction that gave the white south of free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South.

Answer:

The answer is the third one

Explanation:

Which of the following includes two rights stated in the Declaration of Independence?
Free speech and justice
Vote and pursuit of happiness
U Bear arms and pay taxes
O Life and liberty

Answers

Answer:

D.) Life and Liberty

Explanation:

"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness" is in the Declaration of Impendence.

I hope this helped. I am sorry if you get this wrong.

I need Brainly please?

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Under the articles of confederation, Congress

Answers

Answer:

The congress confederation of open the last stage of  the                American revolution in 1781.

Explanation:

The congress of the confederation formally assembled to the united  states.The America political assigned to the 1781 to the 1789 to the legislative and executive function in several state.

This time president of congress Cyrus Griffin and Samuel Huntington.

Congress of the confederation was created by the article same secretary to the continental congress.

The congress of the confederation continue to the another business.

Congress confederation must be provide improving the original articles of the confederation and union.

action taken by first continental congress

Answers

Answer:

The first continental congress  was called order to 5th September 1774.

Explanation:

The first continental congress president Randolph, it was decided that each colony allotted by secret ballot.

That they are entitled to life liberty and property and any foreign power.

Continental congress produced highly results of the the first meeting.

Continental congress association was boycott all British contacts.

continental congress is that began to circulate was imminent.

continental congress persistent acts of colonist between the royal governors ,British soldiers and various people in the colonies.

The continental congress is the declaration of rights was developed, and the royal governors in the colonies representation in government.

1) What was the effect of Roe v. Wade? A) The ruling provided that those accused of a crime be provided counsel even if they are unable to afford a lawyer. B) The ruling determined the power established by the Commerce clause to belong to the federal government. C) The ruling included symbolic speech under the free speech rights of the First Amendment. D) The ruling was hailed by feminists as a major step in guaranteeing individual civil rights. 2) What efforts were made by President Lyndon B. Johnson to improve American society? A) President Johnson endorsed national reforms to improve conditions for those in poverty. B) President Johnson sought to end the Vietnam War through gradually removing troops. C) President Johnson established government work programs to reduce the unemployment rate. D) President Johnson reduced taxes on the wealthy believing it would improve the economy. 3) What was the result of President Carter’s diplomacy between Israel and Egypt in 1978? A) the dissolution of the Geneva Convention B) the signing of the Camp David Accords C) the Yalta Conference in Jerusalem D) the Kyoto Protocol ending the Six-Day War 4) Which statement most accurately examines how President Obama influenced health care during his first term? A) He extended the reach of Medicaid to millions of Americans to create a free universal health care system. B) He established a federal health care mandate that would provide low-income Americans with health care. C) He eliminated privatized health insurance and established a socialized health care system run by the government. D) He required medical insurance companies to reduce their rates so that more Americans could afford health insurance. 5) What was an effect of President George W. Bush’s Ownership Society on the United States? A) Bush’s Ownership Society finished the objectives set forth by President Johnsons “War on Poverty.” B) Elimination of competition created monopolies in the banking industry until the economic collapse in 2008. C) The easy affordability of home loans created risky loans that would lead to an economic recession. D) The creation of more homeowners by Bush’s initiatives created more small businesses and eliminated chain stores. 6) Which US foreign policy was focused on containing the spread of communism? A) Truman Doctrine B) Roosevelt Corollary C) isolationism D) imperialism 7) Which is one reason that President Truman decided to use the atomic bomb on Japan? A) Stalin warned Truman that he would pull Soviet support for the Allies if the United States did not drop the bomb. B) The United States wanted to show Nazi Germany the power of the bomb to get their surrender as well. C) It was Franklin Roosevelt’s dying request to his vice president. D) Kamikaze pilots proved that Japanese soldiers would not surrender unless ordered to do so. 8) Which statement most accurately defines an alteration of the president’s power due to the Vietnam War? A) Congress passed Executive Order 11255 to designate Vietnam as an international combat zone. B) The Supreme Court declared in United States v. Johnson that the president needed to submit a quarterly report to Congress on the progress of the war. C) A resolution was passed making it mandatory for the president to consult Congress before initiating conflict. D) Congress ratified the Twenty-Fifth Amendment, which defines the succession of the president due to illness or death. 9) How did the launching of Sputnik I affect the United States? A) It led to the development of the hydrogen bomb. B) It led to the creation of NASA. C) It led to the development of the domino theory. D) It led to the creation of HUAC. 10) How was commerce changed in North America during the Clinton administration? A) NAFTA created incentives for North American businesses to move overseas due to the restrictions on the movement of goods. B) NAFTA allowed for the free movement of citizens of all three countries throughout North America. C) NAFTA provided for easier transportation and lower tariffs of goods and services throughout North America. D) NAFTA increased the price of goods in the United States and raised taxes in Canada and Mexico.

Answers

Answer:

d,this NAFTA increase the price of good in the United States and raised taxes

Even though we can say that Columbus did not discover anything new, why is his voyage across the Atlantic still seen as one of the key events in human history

Answers

Answer:

Christopher Columbus: Early Life

Christopher Columbus, the son of a wool merchant, is believed to have been born in Genoa, Italy, in 1451. When he was still a teenager, he got a job on a merchant ship. He remained at sea until 1476, when pirates attacked his ship as it sailed north along the Portuguese coast. The boat sank, but the young Columbus floated to shore on a scrap of wood and made his way to Lisbon, where he eventually studied mathematics, astronomy, cartography and navigation. He also began to hatch the plan that would change the world forever. The First Voyage

At the end of the 15th century, it was nearly impossible to reach Asia from Europe by land. The route was long and arduous, and encounters with hostile armies were difficult to avoid. Portuguese explorers solved this problem by taking to the sea: They sailed south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope.But Columbus had a different idea: Why not sail west across the Atlantic instead of around the massive African continent? The young navigator’s logic was sound, but his math was faulty. He argued (incorrectly) that the circumference of the Earth was much smaller than his contemporaries believed it was; accordingly, he believed that the journey by boat from Europe to Asia should be not only possible, but comparatively easy via an as-yet undiscovered Northwest Passage.

Explain how Christianity split

Answers

Answer:

m understanding is that different people who studied the bible had different perceptions of what the words were which became different denominations. but im not sure

Explanation:

Hey there!

Well Christianity was going all over the world and in that time some things were tweaked ad said different things and they changed the story and made different images of God this was happening all over the world.

Hope this helps :)

Match these items. Match the items in the left column to the items in the right column. 1. collusion agreement between two or more people to limit competition and earn higher profits 2. competition degree of excellence for something, such as a product 3. customer service money left after all expenses are paid 4. profit contest between rivals 5. quality service provided to consumers during and after the buying process

Answers

Answer:

1. Collusion- agreement between two or more people to limit competition and earn higher profits.

2. Competition- contest between rivals.

3. Customer service- service provided to consumers during and after the buying process.

4. Profit- money left after all expenses are paid.

5. Quality- degree of excellence for something, such as a product.

Explanation:

In an economy, there are different aspects of which makes it work. And some of the terms used in an economy are-

1. Collusion is used when there is an agreement between different parties so that there is a limitation in the competition and earning of higher profits in the business.

2. Competition is when two or more parties vie for a higher profit or popularity. This attribute to be larger or better than the others is a competition.

3. Customer service is the service or help provided by companies or businesses to their customers during and after the buying process.

4. Profit is the 'excess' money left after all form of payment/ expenditure is made.

5. Quality of a product or anything is the level of excellence that is found or expected in it, be it a product or a service.

senator george f hoar argued that the united states should not annex territories because it was

Answers

Answer:

Senator George F. Hoar argued that the United States should not annex territories because it was hard to maintain control of land outside US borders.

Explanation:

Have a good day and stay safe!

Who is considered to be perhaps the most successful absolute monarch? Select one: a. Louis XVI b. James I c. Louis Napoleon d. Napoleon Bonaparte e. Louis XIV

Answers

Answer:   C. Louis XIV

Explanation:

Why does Rauschenbusch argue that “the salvation of individuals” is not sufficient to address social problems?

Answers

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Rauschenbusch argued that “the salvation of individuals” is not sufficient to address social problems because that was a promise for the afterlife. People's problems had to be addressed to improve their conditions.

We are talking about Baptist pastor and philosopher, Walter Rauschenbusch(1861-1918). He was part of the movement known as the Social Gospel, which invited people to think that social conditions had to improve to have a better and just life, not only under the promise of heaven. His ideas transcended and influence civil rights leaders like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

In the early 1800s, at the time the Missouri territory requested statehood?
A.) there were more slave states than free states.
B.) there were more free states than slave states.
C.) there was an equal number of slave and free states.
D.) there was no longer a division over slavery.


Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

b

Answer:

A

Explanation:

I just did that test in school

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