which of the following describe the san andreas fault? multiple select question. a. it is located along the boundary between the north american plate and the pacific plate. b. it is made of different segments that have different tectonic behaviors.
c. it is located along a subduction zone. d. it is located in california. the 1906 san francisco earthquake is the most recent to occur along the fault.

During the overnight hours on a mountainside, when temperatures are dropping, the wind usually responds by blowing downslope.

An inversion is formed during the night when temperatures drop, causing the cold air to flow down the mountain. This is known as a katabatic wind.

The wind usually responds by blowing downslope, which is referred to as the katabatic wind. The mountain valley can get very cold during these windy nights, which is why katabatic winds are common in mountainous regions.

Mountainous areas experience katabatic winds, which are downslope winds caused by the cooling of a mass of air on high terrain. Katabatic winds occur when dense, cold air flows downhill because it is denser than the surrounding warmer air.

The phenomenon can last for a few minutes or a few hours, depending on how long the cold air takes to warm up.

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Yes, the Southern Hemisphere does experience hotter summers and colder winters. This is because of the way the Earth's orbit around the Sun is tilted relative to its axis of rotation. The Earth's perihelion, or point of closest approach to the Sun, is in January for the Northern Hemisphere, while it is in July for the Southern Hemisphere.

This means that the Northern Hemisphere gets less direct sunlight during winter, causing colder temperatures, while the Southern Hemisphere gets more direct sunlight during summer, leading to hotter temperatures.

The Earth's axial tilt, or obliquity, is responsible for the Earth's seasons. During winter, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, and during summer it is tilted towards the Sun. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun during summer, and towards the Sun during winter. This difference in angle of sunlight causes the Northern Hemisphere to experience colder winters and hotter summers, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences hotter summers and colder winters.

Additionally, the Southern Hemisphere is more exposed to the ozone layer, which absorbs some of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, leading to slightly higher temperatures. This explains why the temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere are higher than the Northern Hemisphere during the same season.

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When levees are constructed to confine floods, sediment is no longer deposited outside the normal stream banks on the floodplain, but is instead deposited in the stream channel. This is because the levees prevent flooding, and therefore the sediment is deposited within the stream channel instead.

When the stream channel is confined by levees, the natural flow of water is disrupted, and the sediment that would typically be deposited on the floodplain is instead forced to settle in the stream channel.

Over time, this can cause the stream channel to become shallower, narrower, and more susceptible to flooding due to a reduced capacity to hold water. This can also lead to the formation of sandbars and other sediment deposits in the channel.

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The safest place, among those listed below, in the 48 contiguous states with respect to earthquake seismic risk is South Dakota. Thus, Option D is correct.

This is due to its location in the stable interior of the North American Plate, far away from any active plate boundaries or faults.

South Dakota is located in the stable interior of the North American Plate, which means that it is far away from any active plate boundaries or faults. This location makes South Dakota less likely to experience earthquakes compared to other areas located near plate boundaries or faults.

Although earthquakes can occur anywhere, the risk is lower in South Dakota than in other areas such as California or Alaska. Therefore, South Dakota is considered the safest place among those listed below, in the 48 contiguous states with respect to earthquake seismic risk.

Based on this explanation, the correct answer is D.

The complete question:

Where is the safest place, among those listed below, in the 48 contiguous states with respect to earthquake seismic risk?

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Volcanic outcrops are classified into two types: intrusive and extrusive. Intrusive outcrops form when molten magma cools slowly beneath the surface of the earth, forming large, distinct crystals. Extrusive outcrops form when molten magma quickly cools upon the earth

Intrusive outcrops are typically made up of igneous rocks such as granite, gabbro, or diorite, and the cooling process allows for the formation of larger crystals.

These larger crystals allow for more intricate and interesting rock formations, and the larger size of the crystals makes them easily visible to the human eye. Extrusive outcrops are typically made up of igneous rocks such as basalt or andesite, and the quick cooling process results in smaller crystals.

Intrusive and extrusive outcrops differ in the way they form and the size of the crystals that make up the rocks. Intrusive outcrops form slowly, creating large, visible crystals, while extrusive outcrops form quickly, creating small, invisible crystals.

Both types of outcrops can be found in many geological settings, and each type has its own unique features that can be explored and studied.

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The abiotic factors observed in the high tide zone versus the lower intertidal zone are different. The major differences in the abiotic factors observed in the high tide zone versus the lower intertidal zone are as follows:

Abiotic factors in the high tide zone: In the high tide zone, the abiotic factors include temperature fluctuations, wave exposure, and variations in salinity. This region is typically less exposed to sunlight and air because the tide comes in and out of this zone quickly.

The high tide zone can experience strong wave action, as well as wind and water fluctuations. These factors all contribute to making it a challenging environment for plants and animals to survive.

Abiotic factors in the lower intertidal zone: In the lower intertidal zone, the abiotic factors include water pressure, light exposure, temperature fluctuations, and salinity. This region is typically more exposed to sunlight and air because the tide takes longer to come in and out.

The lower intertidal zone also experiences less wave action than the high tide zone. These factors make the lower intertidal zone an easier environment for plants and animals to survive.

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Answer: The metamorphic changes that take place due to recrystallization differ from those that happen due to pressure solution.

Explanation:

Some of the differences between the two processes of metamorphism are explained below:

The metamorphic changes that take place due to recrystallization and pressure solution:

Recrystallization refers to alterations in the size, shape, and orientation of minerals within a rock, as well as the creation or modification of minerals.

Pressure solution leads to modifications in the shape and orientation of minerals in the rock, the establishment of a foliation or cleavage, and the arrangement of minerals along a particular plane or direction.

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At 47 degrees latitude, one second of longitude is equivalent to about 49.03 feet of arc distance, whereas one second of latitude is equivalent to about 100.76 feet of arc distance.

The following formula can be used to determine the arc distance of one second of longitude at a specific latitude:

Mean Earth Radius x Cosine of Latitude x Arc Distance (angular distance)

where 1/3600 degrees is the angular distance (since there are 3600 seconds in one degree). When we enter the values from the issue, we obtain:

One second's worth of longitude is represented by the formula (20,906,000 ft) x (cosine 47) x (1/3600) = 49.03 ft.

Similarly, the formula: can be used to get the arc distance of one second of latitude.

(Mean Earth Radius) x = arc distance (angular distance)

When we enter the values from the issue, we obtain:

One second of latitude is equal to 20 906,000 feet multiplied by 1/36 equals 100.76 feet.

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The major climate patterns of the middle east are hot and dry climates, with an arid and semi-arid environment characterizing most territories. the principal mountains, deserts, and rivers found in the Mediterranean Sea.

The middle east is located near the equator because of that the temperatures are very high in summer, they have wet and mild winters, and the rainfall is very low due to these conditions there are more deserts

The list of principal mountains, deserts, and rivers:

1. Mountains:

2. Deserts:

3. Rivers:

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The area behind an island arc that develops a spreading center and submarine canyons transport sediment from the continental shelf to the continental is a Back-arc basin.

A back-arc basin is a portion of the seafloor that is located behind an island arc. It develops as the result of the extensional tectonic forces that are produced by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the overriding continental crust. As the oceanic crust is pulled downward, the mantle beneath it partially melts and forms magma.

This magma rises to the surface and is erupted as lava, which cools and solidifies to form new seafloor.

The magma generated beneath the island arc is often rich in water and other volatiles, which can help to weaken the overlying crust and allow it to extend.

As the crust extends, it thins and eventually breaks apart, creating a new spreading center. This spreading center is typically characterized by a series of parallel ridges that run perpendicular to the island arc. As the seafloor spreads, it creates new crust and widens the back-arc basin.Submarine canyons are formed by the erosive action of sediment-laden currents that flow downslope from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain.

These currents are generated by a variety of processes, including tidal action, storms, and density-driven currents. As the currents flow downslope, they carve deep channels into the seafloor, which are eventually filled with sediment transported from the continental shelf.

The canyons can extend for hundreds of kilometers and are important conduits for sediment transport from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain.

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The coastal deserts of Peru and Chile are some of the driest on earth, yet they fall within the reach of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the Southern Hemisphere summer. This curious phenomenon can be explained by the interaction between the equatorial Pacific trade winds and the Andes Mountains.

The prevailing trade winds push the ITCZ, a band of thunderstorms, southward and as it moves, it brings moisture to the coastal deserts. The mountains, however, cause an interruption in the airflow, leading to the convergence of these trade winds and the creation of more powerful upslope winds which increase the rainfall in these desert regions.

The ITCZ’s reach is not unlimited, however, and as it passes over the Andes it loses much of its moisture. Additionally, the Atacama Desert, located just south of the ITCZ, is highly influenced by the cold Peru Current and is blocked from receiving moisture from the Pacific. These factors all contribute to the extraordinary aridity of the coastal deserts, despite their close proximity to the ITCZ.

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The term "metamorphic grade" refers to the intensity of metamorphism.

The relative temperature and pressure conditions under which metamorphic rocks occur are referred to as the "metamorphic grade" in general. It is referred to as prograde metamorphism or as the grade of metamorphism increasing as temperature and/or pressure are increased on a body of rock. Low pressure and temperatures, ranging from 200 to 320°C, are ideal for low-grade metamorphism. An abundance of hydrous minerals is a characteristic of low grade metamorphic rocks.

When the temperature exceeds 320°C and the pressure is high, high-grade metamorphism occurs. Hydrous minerals lose water during metamorphism, becoming less hydrous, while non-hydrous minerals are increasingly prevalent.

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An area that drains to a common waterway is called a watershed. The correct option is option C.

A watershed is a location in which rain, snow, and other precipitation fall and drain into a common waterway, such as a river, lake, or ocean. The waterway, which transports water to the location, is the end of the watershed. A watershed, also known as a drainage basin, refers to the area of land that drains into a particular river system or other waterbody.

It may be a small, concentrated drainage basin, such as a small lake or wetland, or a large region with many rivers and tributaries. All water that falls inside the watershed's boundaries eventually makes its way to the river or other body of water.

Urban runoff is the discharge of precipitation and other pollutants from developed regions such as towns and cities. Urban runoff carries contaminants from roads, buildings, and other impervious surfaces, resulting in higher levels of pollution in the water.

As a result, it has the potential to cause significant ecological damage and has been linked to a variety of public health concerns.

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units a through k are sediment layers. l and m are intrusive igneous bodies. the surface of erosion below layer h represents a(n) period of time of about 100 years. is True

Long-term accumulations of sediment and debris that land on the earth's surface or in bodies of water typically result in the formation of sedimentary strata. Each layer can represent a distinct geological epoch or timeframe, based on the type of rock and the fossils found in it.The amount of time that a layer was exposed to erosion, weathering, or other geological processes is represented by the surface of erosion beneath it. The length of that period, however, will vary depending on a number of variables, including the type of rock, the environment, the area, and the level of erosion.

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On the first day of winter in the northern hemisphere, if you are at 66 degrees north, you will experience cold temperatures, short daylight hours, and potentially snowfall. The sun will set earlier and the temperatures will drop, often below 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit).

This region is well within the Arctic Circle, so you can expect the winter to be cold and dark. During the day, temperatures may not reach above freezing, and in the evening they will drop even further. Snowfall is common and the region will be quite dark, as the sun is much lower in the sky at this time of year. During the winter solstice, the sun may only be visible for a few hours each day in this area.

Temperature in the poles around northern hemisphere is too low for any human settlement, lack of direct sunlight is one of the major reason for this extremely low temperature and harsh climate.

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The oldest oceanic crust is found in the central Pacific Ocean and the youngest oceanic crust is found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The oldest oceanic crust is about 180 million years old and the youngest oceanic crust is about 3 million years old.

The distribution of magnetic anomalies helps geologists identify the age of the oceanic crust. Magnetic anomalies are created when new oceanic crust is formed due to volcanic activity and tectonic plate movement. The magnetism of the oceanic crust is usually aligned with the Earth's magnetic field when it is first formed. As the Earth's magnetic field reverses, the magnetism of the oceanic crust is "frozen in time" and helps scientists measure the age of the crust.

The oldest oceanic crust is found in the central Pacific Ocean because it has been around the longest and hasn't moved much due to tectonic plate movement. The youngest oceanic crust is found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge because this is where new oceanic crust is constantly being formed due to tectonic plate movement and volcanic activity.

By studying the distribution of magnetic anomalies, scientists can accurately measure the age of the oceanic crust and identify where the oldest and youngest crust can be found.

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Answer:

When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outer edge, picking up sediments.

When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outside edge, picking up sediments.

A meander bend, also known as a horse-bends, is a large bend in a river. Meandering rivers are divided into two categories: constant and sinuous. Meanders in constant meandering rivers are tighter and smoother than those in sinuous meandering rivers.

When water moves around a bend in the river it moves very fast on the outer edge, picking up sediments. The river's sediment transport is a crucial aspect of river dynamics. The amount of sediment transported by rivers is influenced by a variety of factors. The energy and speed of the water is the most essential aspect. The amount of sediment the water is carrying is also important. Suspended sediment is frequently transported in the river flow. Sediment is swept downstream and can accumulate where the water slows down or is obstructed in areas where the flow is disrupted. Such regions are often good areas for deposition.

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Gravity pulls the denser plate beneath the less dense one when two plates collide. The greater the density of a plate, the more likely it is to be pulled below the other plate by gravity.

Gravity affects the movement of plates when two plates with different types of crust collide. When two plates of different densities meet, the denser plate is pushed beneath the less dense plate. This process is known as subduction and it creates mountains, volcanoes and trenches on the Earth's surface.

The density of a plate affects how it is deformed when it collides with another plate. For example, a denser plate will resist being pushed underneath the other plate and can instead cause the other plate to buckle. This buckling can create mountains or earthquakes. On the other hand, a less dense plate can be easily subducted, resulting in the formation of a trench.

When two plates with the same density collide, the plates slide horizontally past each other, forming faults. This can also cause earthquakes when the two plates become locked and built up stress is released.

Overall, gravity affects the movement of plates when they collide and the density of the plates plays a major role in the deformation that occurs. Oceanic and continental plates frequently collide, with the denser oceanic plate being pushed beneath the less dense continental plate. This causes deep-sea trenches to form on the oceanic plate's surface. The greater the density of a plate, the more likely it is to be pulled below the other plate by gravity. Because oceanic plates are denser than continental plates, they are frequently pushed beneath them.

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The circum-Pacific area has the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes.

This area, often referred to as the "Ring of Fire," stretches along the Pacific Ocean, including parts of North and South America, Asia, and the islands of the Pacific. The region with the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes is the circum-Pacific area, also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire. This area stretches from the western coast of North andthrough Alaska and Russia, and down to the western and southern coasts of Asia, including Japan, the Philippines, and In South America, donesia. The Pacific Ring of Fire is known for its high level of volcanic and seismic activity, and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes.

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The glacial feature that is indicative of a local climate becoming dry and cold is loess.

Loess is an unconsolidated, silty sediment deposited by the wind, typically found in arid or semi-arid climates. It is usually found on the leeward side of mountains and hills, and is often found in association with glacial deposits.

This process is often found in regions of glacial feature, such as mountain ranges and hillsides. The sediment accumulates in layers of silt, which eventually hardens and forms loess.

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During a caldera eruption, the depression forms when the chamber roof collapses as the magma cools and contracts. Option (A) is correct answer.

Caldera eruptions are large volcanic explosions that cause an eruption of volcanic ash and gas. It results from the collapse of a volcanic structure, a volcano or a caldera, often caused by the evacuation of a magma chamber underneath it. Calderas are formed when magma is emptied from the volcano, causing the roof of the chamber to collapse and create a depression.

According to the given options, the depression forms when the chamber roof collapses as the magma cools and contracts. The roof of the magma chamber often cools and contracts after the eruption is over, making it unstable and prone to collapse. As a result, the volcanic structure's roof collapses and forms a depression. Hence, the correct answer is option A.

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If you sample the water and it has a salinity of 35 ppt, you would be in the ocean (or at least somewhere with seawater).

Salinity refers to the amount of salt dissolved in seawater, measured in parts per thousand (ppt). Salinity levels in the ocean can vary depending on the location, season, and other factors. Generally, the ocean has an average salinity of 35 ppt, although this can vary between 30 to 40 ppt in different regions. Therefore, if you sample water with a salinity of 35 ppt, it means that you are most likely in the ocean or a saltwater body with similar salinity levels.

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Answer: The correct option is WESTERLIES.

Answer:

(B.) There is a 2  percent chance of a direct hit by a hurricane

.Explanation:

the red is incorrect

The snowpack of the Rocky Mountains is important to the Midwest United States because it is a major source of freshwater for the region. The snowpack gradually melts in the spring and summer, releasing water into the rivers that supply the Midwest.

The water from the Rockies helps irrigate and supply drinking water to parts of the Midwest. Without this important source of freshwater, much of the Midwest could be in danger of drought or water shortages.

Overall, the snowpack of the Rocky Mountains is a critical part of the Midwest's water cycle and helps ensure that the region is adequately supplied with the necessary water resources.

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The biosphere is the term used to describe all of the ecosystems on the planet.

Biosphere includes the lithosphere (the solid crust of the Earth), the hydrosphere (the liquid water on the planet), the atmosphere (the air surrounding the Earth), and the stratosphere (the layer of air just above the atmosphere). All of these components work together to create the biosphere, and together they form a complex network of interactions. For example, water evaporates from the hydrosphere and condenses in the atmosphere, which then falls back to the Earth's surface as rain or snow. In this way, the biosphere is constantly exchanging materials and energy between its different components.

The biosphere is the Earth's living systems, including all living things on the planet, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. The biosphere is closely related to the other three systems, as living organisms rely on water, air, and nutrients from the Earth's crust. The biosphere is the most complex and diverse of the Earth's systems, with a vast range of organisms that interact with each other in intricate ways. All the ecosystems on the planet together are called the biosphere.

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The term for all the ecosystems on the planet together is the biosphere, which encompasses all living organisms and their physical environments, including land, water, and air.

All of the ecosystems on the planet together are referred to as the biosphere. This term includes all living organisms and their physical environments, spanning over land (lithosphere), water (hydrosphere), and air (atmosphere). The other options listed: lithosphere, hydrosphere, stratosphere, and atmosphere are all components of the biosphere, but they individually do not represent all ecosystems on Earth.

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Contact metamorphic rocks form halos surrounding hot intrusive igneous rocks. The statement is True.

What are contact metamorphic rocks?

Metamorphic rocks are the result of the transformation of pre-existing rocks caused by heat, pressure, or a mixture of the two. The metamorphism of rocks caused by contact with an igneous intrusion is referred to as contact metamorphism, and the rocks created as a result of this process are known as contact metamorphic rocks.

What are igneous rocks?

Igneous rocks are rocks that are formed from molten magma. When this molten magma cools and solidifies, it becomes an igneous rock.

Where do contact metamorphic rocks form?

Contact metamorphic rocks are formed in areas where magma comes into contact with existing rock formations, such as the heat from a volcanic eruption.

As a result of the contact between the hot magma and the surrounding rock, metamorphism occurs in the affected area. The metamorphic changes that occur in these regions are primarily caused by the heat that is generated by the magma intrusion. These changes result in the formation of contact metamorphic rocks that surround the intrusive rock.

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The factor that has a definite pattern of variation with respect to latitude is Temperature

Latitude is the distance of a location on the earth's surface from the equator. The geographic coordinate that determines the distance between the Earth's center and a point on its surface is known as latitude. The equator is the earth's equator. The distance of a location from the equator is measured in degrees of latitude. This the Temperature's variation with respect to latitude.

Latitudinal variation in temperature is due to the way sunlight is absorbed and distributed across the earth's surface. The higher latitudes receive less energy from the sun than the lower latitudes, which receive more energy per unit area due to the angle of the sun's rays. However, the amount of energy received by a specific region is affected by other variables, including the time of day, the season, and the presence or absence of cloud cover or water.

As a result, latitudinal temperature variations are complicated and can be affected by a variety of variables.

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The 5 stages of solar system formation are Solar Nebula, Protostar and Protoplanetary Disk, Planetesimals, Protoplanets and  Solar System.

The 5 stages of solar system formation are:

1. Solar Nebula: A cloud of dust and gas, called the solar nebula, begins to collapse due to gravitational forces. As it collapses, the material starts to spin and flatten into a disk shape.

2. Protostar and Protoplanetary Disk: The material in the center of the disk becomes denser, forming a protostar. Meanwhile, the remaining material in the disk starts to clump together, creating a protoplanetary disk around the protostar.

3. Planetesimals: Within the protoplanetary disk, solid particles collide and stick together, forming larger bodies called planetesimals. These planetesimals continue to grow as they collect more material from the disk.

4. Protoplanets: As planetesimals grow and interact, some merge through collisions, eventually forming larger bodies known as protoplanets. Protoplanets continue to evolve and differentiate, developing into the planets we observe in our solar system today.

5. Solar System: Over time, the protostar at the center of the system becomes a fully-fledged star (our Sun), while the remaining protoplanetary disk material is cleared out, leaving the planets, moons, asteroids, and other bodies orbiting the star. This marks the formation of the solar system.

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When a cold cp air mass passes over the warmer Great Lakes, it absorbs heat energy and moisture and becomes humidified. This is known as the lake effect. Therefore the correct option is option D.

The lake effect refers to the weather phenomenon that occurs when cold, dry air passes over a relatively warm body of water, such as a lake or sea.

The air absorbs moisture and heat energy from the water and becomes more humid, warmer, and less dense as a result.

The moist, warm air rises above the surface of the lake, forming clouds and eventually precipitation. This process results in heavy snowfalls, blizzards, and lake-effect rain in the winter and fall months. Hence, the correct option is D, "lake effect." Therefore the correct option is option D.

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