which of the following statements is true of globalization? question 12 options: it gives unprecedented political power to consumers. it slows down the process of deindustrialization. it eliminates income inequality between workers and the global elite. it increases the number of workers in western economies. it exploits poor people in developing countries.

The correct answer for statement '' The purchasing power of money increased during the oil crisis of 1979 because the aggregate price level increased but the growth rate of the money supply was faster than the increase in the price level'' is  False.

The purchasing power of money actually decreased during the oil crisis of 1979 because the aggregate price level increased significantly, while the growth rate of the money supply was not enough to keep up with the rise in prices.

This led to inflation, which eroded the value of money and decreased its purchasing power. Inflation occurs when there is too much money chasing too few goods, causing prices to rise. Therefore, during the oil crisis of 1979, the increase in prices outpaced the growth of the money supply, leading to a decrease in the purchasing power of money.

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The expected rate of return for Stock B is 19.3%. The standard deviation of expected returns for Stock A is 5.56%. The coefficient of variation for Stock B is 0.8497. The Sharpe ratio for Stock A is 1.5791 and the Sharpe ratio for Stock B is 0.9328.

To calculate the expected rate of return for Stock B, we need to multiply the probability of each return by the return itself, and then sum up the results:

Expected return of Stock B = (0.1 x 22%) + (0.5 x 21%) + (0.1 x 29%) + (0.1 x 37%) = 2.2% + 10.5% + 2.9% + 3.7% = 19.3%

To calculate the standard deviation of expected returns for Stock A, we need to first calculate the variance. We can do this by using the formula:

Variance = Σ (Pi * (Ri - E(R))^2)

Where Pi is the probability of return Ri, and E(R) is the expected rate of return. Then we take the square root of the variance to get the standard deviation.

Expected return of Stock A = (0.1 x 9%) + (0.2 x 4%) + (0.5 x 13%) + (0.1 x 20%) + (0.1 x 29%) = 0.9% + 0.8% + 6.5% + 2.0% + 2.9% = 13.1%

Variance of Stock A = (0.1 x (9% - 13.1%)^2) + (0.2 x (4% - 13.1%)^2) + (0.5 x (13% - 13.1%)^2) + (0.1 x (20% - 13.1%)^2) + (0.1 x (29% - 13.1%)^2) = 30.87

Standard deviation of Stock A = sqrt(Variance) = sqrt(30.87) = 5.56%

To calculate the coefficient of variation for Stock B, we need to divide the standard deviation by the expected rate of return:

Coefficient of variation of Stock B = σB / E(R) = 16.37% / 19.3% = 0.8497

The Sharpe ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted return, and is calculated by dividing the excess return of an asset over the risk-free rate by its standard deviation:

Sharpe ratio of Stock A = (13.1% - 3.5%) / 5.56% = 1.5791

Sharpe ratio of Stock B = (19.3% - 3.5%) / 16.37% = 0.9328

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Within the finance function of a large corporation, the executive who is responsible for the preparation of financial statements is typically the CFO (Chief Financial Officer). The Treasurer is responsible for managing the company's cash and investments, while the Controller oversees the accounting and financial reporting functions.

The Internal Auditor conducts audits to ensure compliance with regulations and internal policies. However, the CFO is ultimately responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the company's financial statements and must ensure that they are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Hi! In a large corporation within the finance function, the executive who is responsible for the preparation of financial statements is the Chief Financial Officer (CFO). The CFO oversees the entire finance department, ensuring accurate financial reporting and management of the company's financial resources.

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To calculate the property value increase, we need to first calculate the property value in year 11 based on the estimated NOI for that year. Therefore, the estimated NOI for year 11 is:  $197,718.75

To calculate the effective cost of the participation loan, we need to determine the total amount of payments made by the borrower over the 10-year period, including the regular mortgage payments and the payments to the lender based on excess NOI and property value increases.

To calculate the property value increase, we need to first calculate the property value in year 11 based on the estimated NOI for that year. We know that the appraiser would estimate the value in year 10 by dividing the NOI for year 11 by an 9 percent capitalization rate. Therefore, the estimated NOI for year 11 is:

Year 11: $197,718.75 ($189

First, we need to calculate the NOI for each year:

Year 1: $122,000

Year 2: $128,100 ($122,000 x 1.05)

Year 3: $134,505 ($128,100 x 1.05)

Year 4: $141,230 ($134,505 x 1.05)

Year 5: $148,291 ($141,230 x 1.05)

Year 6: $155,706 ($148,291 x 1.05)

Year 7: $163,491 ($155,706 x 1.05)

Year 8: $171,666 ($163,491 x 1.05)

Year 9: $180,248 ($171,666 x 1.05)

Year 10: $189,255 ($180,248 x 1.05

Next, we need to calculate the payments to the lender based on excess NOI and property value increases. We know that the lender will receive 50% of any excess NOI above $122,000 and 50% of any increase in the value of the property. We can calculate these payments as follows:

Excess NOI: Year 1: $0

Year 2: $3,050.00 (($128,100 - $122,000) x 0.5)

Year 3: $3,627.75 (($134,505 - $122,000) x 0.5)

Year 4: $4,216.25 (($141,230 - $122,000) x 0.5)

Year 5: $4,817.00 (($148,291 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Year 6: $5,431.50 (($155,706 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Year 7: $6,061.25 (($163,491 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Year 8: $6,707.75 (($171,666 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Year 9: $7,372.50 (($180,248 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Year 10: $8,056.00 (($189,255 - $122,000) x 0.5))

Total excess NOI payments over 10 years: $46,315.25, After 11 years : $197,718.75

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According to the global workspace model, consciousness is a function of activity in specific brain regions.

Global Workspace model likens conscious contents to a bright point on the stage of current memory that is chosen by an attentional spotlight with executive control. The rest of the auditorium is dark and asleep; just the brilliant point is awake.

Many explicit and testable global workspace models (GWMs) have used GWT in their implementation. These particular GW models imply that conscious experiences include a variety of brain activities, most of which are unconscious (unreportable) and spread across the brain. Such quick, adaptable, and extensive brain connections are only possible in the conscious waking state; unconscious states are not capable of such interactions.

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Joshua would like to deposit $12,000 in a savings account today. he is interested in knowing what that investment will be worth when he retires at age 62. Joshua is interested in calculating the "future value" of his investment. The correct option is B.

The future value is the total value of the investment at a future point in time, including the principal amount and any interest earned.

Joshua is interested the future value of his investment. The present value of the investment, the interest rate, and the number of years until retirement.

The interest rate would depend on the savings account or investment option that Joshua chooses. Once he knows the interest rate, he can plug in the values and solve for FV to determine the future value of his investment at age 62.

Therefore, the correct option is B, which is the future value.

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The statement e: "company should keep one strategy for sustaining in the market" is not a correct statement.

The other statements are all correct and related to the product-process matrix and manufacturing strategies. The product-process matrix is a framework that helps businesses analyze the relationship between the type of product they produce and the type of production process they use. It consists of four quadrants: Job Shop, Batch, Line, and Continuous Flow.

Consciously positioning a business off the diagonal of the product-process matrix can help a company stand out from its competitors, enable mass-customization strategies and capabilities, and use advanced manufacturing technologies to produce lower volumes of products in great varieties at lower costs.

However, keeping one strategy for sustaining in the market is not a correct statement. In today's dynamic and competitive market, businesses must continuously adapt and evolve their strategies to meet changing customer needs and market trends. This may include using different production processes or adopting new manufacturing technologies to stay competitive. The key is to remain flexible and agile in response to changing market conditions.

Option e is answer.

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You need to deposit $6,112.05 today to reach your $11,100 goal in 6 years.

To calculate the future value of the deposit, we can use the formula for compound interest:

FV = PV * (1 + r)^n

Where:

PV = $2,000 (present value)

r = 3% (interest rate)

n = 5 (number of years)

Plugging in the values, we get:

FV = $2,000 * (1 + 0.03)^5 = $2,315.03

Therefore, you will be able to withdraw $2,315.03 at the end of 5 years.

To calculate the present value needed to reach the goal, we can use the formula for present value of a lump sum:

PV = FV / (1 + r)^n

Where:

FV = $11,100 (future value)

r = 8% (interest rate)

n = 6 (number of years)

Plugging in the values, we get:

PV = $11,100 / (1 + 0.08)^6 = $6,112.05

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To prepare a detailed analysis of a company's capital structure (short-term and long-term), several ratios can be used including the debt-to-equity ratio.

Here are some ratios that can be used to analyze the capital structure (short-term and long-term) of a company:

These ratios can be used to assess the financial health of a company's capital structure and help determine if it is too heavily reliant on debt financing, which can be risky if the company experiences financial difficulties.

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The correct answer is A. A-B.

To determine which increment should be examined first in incremental rate of return analysis, we need to calculate the incremental rate of return (IRR) for each possible combination of projects. The IRR is the rate at which the net present value (NPV) of the incremental benefits and costs equals zero.

Using a spreadsheet or financial calculator, we can calculate the NPV of each project and the incremental NPV for each combination of projects. Then, we can calculate the IRR for each incremental investment.

Assuming a 10-year life for all projects, MARR = 8.5%, and the first cost of the do-nothing project is 0, the NPVs and incremental NPVs are:

Project A: NPV = $4,740, IRR = 9.5%

Project B: NPV = $1,831, IRR = 13.0%

Project C: NPV = $5,822, IRR = 10.5%

Project D: NPV = $2,955, IRR = 6.5%

Incremental NPV of A-B: $2,909, IRR = 25.1%

Incremental NPV of A-C: $5,082, IRR = 15.2%

Incremental NPV of B-C: $3,251, IRR = 23.5%

Incremental NPV of B-A: -$2,909, IRR = -25.1%

Based on these calculations, we can see that the first combination that should be examined is A-B since it has the highest IRR (25.1%) and therefore represents the most attractive incremental investment.

In incremental rate of return analysis, we always examine the combinations in order of their incremental rates of return, starting with the highest IRR and moving down to the lowest. This ensures that we select the most profitable combination of projects while meeting our minimum acceptable rate of return (MARR) criterion.

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Students emerging from college and entering the work force typically consume more and borrow money. Option B is the correct answer

When students enter the workforce, they often have new expenses such as rent, transportation, and other bills that they did not have to pay as students. In addition, many new graduates may have student loan debt to pay off. As a result, they tend to consume more than they did as students and often rely on borrowing to finance their expenses.

Option A is incorrect because it suggests that students consume less and save money when they enter the workforce, which is not usually the case.

Option C is also incorrect because it suggests that students consume less and borrow money, which is not typical for new graduates.

Option D is also incorrect because it suggests that students save more when they enter the workforce, which is not usually the case due to the new expenses and debt that many new graduates face.

Option B is the correct answer

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Project L's IRR is 12.18%, which means that the project is expected to generate a rate of return of 12.18% per year.

To solve this problem, we can use the IRR (internal rate of return) formula. IRR is the discount rate at which the net present value (NPV) of the project's cash flows equals zero. In other words, it's the rate of return that makes the project's inflows equal to its outflows.

We can calculate the NPV of the project's cash flows using the formula:

[tex]NPV = -Initial Outlay + (Cash Inflow / (1+WACC)^t)[/tex]

where t is the time period (in years) and WACC is the weighted average cost of capital.

Using this formula, we can calculate the NPV of Project L as follows:

[tex]NPV = -$57,975 + ($11,000 / (1+0.09)^1) + ($11,000 / (1+0.09)^2) + ... + ($11,000 / (1+0.09)^9)\\NPV = -$57,975 + $7,384.08 + $6,776.47 + ... + $2,667.10\\NPV = $2,429.48[/tex]

Now, we can use the IRR formula to find the rate of return that makes the NPV equal to zero:

[tex]0 = -$57,975 + ($11,000 / (1+IRR)^1) + ($11,000 / (1+IRR)^2) + ... + ($11,000 / (1+IRR)^9)[/tex]

Using a financial calculator or Excel, we can solve for IRR and find that it is approximately 12.18%. Therefore, the project's IRR is 12.18%.

In conclusion, Project L's IRR is 12.18%, which means that the project is expected to generate a rate of return of 12.18% per year. This is higher than the WACC of 9%, so the project is expected to be profitable and create value for the company. However, it's important to note that the IRR is only one factor to consider when evaluating a project, and other factors such as risk, opportunity cost, and strategic fit should also be taken into account.

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In Mini-Case E, Mario is an 85-year-old man who has decided to prepare a Will for the first time, intending to gift his entire estate to charity, as he has no close family connections. He is contemplating three types of Wills. These are:

1. Holographic Will

2. Notarial Will

3. Will made in the presence of witnesses

Mario knows that his family may contest his decision, and he wants to avoid any issues for the charity. He should avoid creating a Holographic Will, as it is more susceptible to challenges and disputes.

The reason for avoiding a Holographic Will is that it is handwritten and does not require witnesses, making it easier for family members to contest its validity.

A Notarial Will or a Will made in the presence of witnesses would provide greater protection for Mario's intentions, as they involve a more formal process and third-party verification.

If Mario dies before having a Will prepared, this situation is called dying "intestate."

In such cases, the distribution of the estate follows the rules established by the law, which may not align with Mario's wishes to leave his entire estate to charity.

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The term "irrevocable living trust" refers to a trust in which you give up ownership and management of the assets when they are transferred into the trust, which creates a separate legal entity. Option C is Correct.

Irrevocable. Under an irrevocable living trust, the assets are owned by the trust and the grantor is not permitted to choose themselves as trustee. Hence, some of the grantor's power over the trust is given up. The trustee essentially assumes ownership.

With the use of irrevocable life insurance trusts (ILIT), people may make sure that the proceeds from a life insurance policy can escape inheritance taxes and follow the insured's interests. ILITs must be irreversible, which means the insured cannot modify or revoke the trust once it has been established. Option C is Correct.

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The correct answer to your question is C) irrevocable living trust. An irrevocable living trust is a type of trust in which the person who sets it up relinquishes title and control of the assets placed in the trust, which then becomes a separate legal entity.

Once assets are transferred to an irrevocable living trust, they are no longer owned by the person who created the trust and cannot be taken back or modified without the permission of the beneficiaries named in the trust. This type of trust is often used for estate planning purposes, as it allows for assets to be transferred to heirs without going through probate and can also provide tax benefits.

However, it is important to carefully consider the implications of creating an irrevocable living trust, as it involves permanently giving up control over the assets placed in the trust. Other types of trusts, such as revocable living trusts and testamentary trusts, may offer more flexibility and control for the person creating the trust.The correct answer to your question is C) irrevocable living trust.

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Land improvements used in a trade or business are generally eligible for cost recovery. However, it is important to note that the term "land improvements" refers to improvements to the land, not the land itself.

Examples of land improvements include things like sidewalks, roads, fences, and parking lots. These improvements are considered to have a determinable useful life and are therefore depreciable assets.

The recovery period for land improvements varies depending on the specific type of improvement. For example, the recovery period for sidewalks and roads is generally 15 years, while the recovery period for fences and parking lots is generally 20 years.

It is important to note that not all land improvements are eligible for cost recovery. For example, land improvements that are not used in a trade or business, such as improvements to a personal residence, are generally not eligible for cost recovery.

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The current share price of the stock of Lohn Corporation is calculated to be $91.11.

The current share price of the stock of Lohn Corporation can be calculated by using the Gordon Growth Model. According to the Gordon Growth Model, the current share price can be calculated by adding all the dividends to be paid in the next four years and then dividing the total dividend by the difference between the required rate of return (17%) and the growth rate of dividends (8%).

Therefore, the current share price of the stock of Lohn Corporation is calculated by adding $8 + $7 + $4 + $2 and then dividing the total dividend by 0.09 (17% - 8%). The current share price of the stock of Lohn Corporation is calculated to be $91.11.

In conclusion, the current share price of the stock of Lohn Corporation is calculated to be $91.11. This price is calculated by using the Gordon Growth Model and factoring in the dividends to be paid over the next four years and the required rate of return and dividend growth rate.

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The current share price of Lohn Corporation is $42.52.

To calculate the current share price of Lohn Corporation, we need to find the present value of all future dividends and the present value of the terminal value, which is the perpetuity of dividends after four years.

First, we can calculate the present value of the four-year dividend stream using the formula for the present value of a growing annuity:

[tex]PV = D * \frac{1 - (1+g)^{-n}}{r - g}[/tex]

Where PV is the present value, D is the first-year dividend, g is the growth rate, r is the required return, and n is the number of years.

Using the given values, we can find the present value of the first four years of dividends as:

[tex]PV = 8 \times \frac{1 - (1+0.08)^{-1}}{0.17 - 0.08} + 7 \times \frac{1 - (1+0.08)^{-2}}{0.17 - 0.08} + 4 \times \frac{1 - (1+0.08)^{-3}}{0.17 - 0.08} + 2 \times \frac{1 - (1+0.08)^{-4}}{0.17 - 0.08}[/tex]

PV = $16.52

Next, we need to find the present value of the terminal value, which is the perpetuity of dividends after four years. We can use the formula for the present value of perpetuity to do this:

PV = D / (r - g)

Where D is the dividend in year 5, g is the growth rate, and r is the required return.

Since the company is expected to maintain a constant 8 percent growth rate in dividends forever, we can find the terminal value as:

PV = [tex]2 \times \frac{(1+0.08) }{(0.17 - 0.08) }[/tex]

PV = $26

Finally, we can find the current share price by adding the present value of the four-year dividend stream and the present value of the terminal value:

Current share price = $16.52 + $26

Current share price = $42.52

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a- the value of the firm's equity today $14.8 million, b-NPV of developing the land is $9.81million, c-

The value of the firm's debt today remains the same as before, which is $14.8 million.

a. If the firm chooses not to develop the land, its value in one year will be $9.7 million. Since the only liability of the firm is $14.8 million, the equity of the firm today will be:

Equity = Value of land in one year - Debt = $9.7 million - $14.8 million = -$5.1 million

b. The net present value (NPV) of developing the land is:

NPV = Value of developed land in one year - Up-front cost of development

= $35.6 million / (1 + 10.1%) - $20.4 million / (1 + 10.1%)

= $28.29 million - $18.48 million

= $9.81 million

Since the NPV of developing the land is positive, it is a profitable investment for the firm.

c. If the firm raises $20.4 million from the equity holders to develop the land, the value of the firm's equity today will be:

Equity = Value of developed land in one year - Debt - Up-front cost of development = $35.6 million - $14.8 million - $20.4 million = $0.4 million

d. Since the value of the firm's equity today is positive after developing the land, equity holders may be willing to provide the $20.4 million needed to develop the land, as the investment is expected to generate a positive return. However, other factors such as the riskiness of the investment, the reputation of the firm, and the availability of other investment opportunities may also influence the willingness of equity holders to invest in the project.

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Phishing  refers to the fraudulent practice of using email communication to induce individuals to divulge confidential or personal information.

Phis-hing is the dishonest practice of sending em-ails that look like they are from reliable companies in an effort to du-pe recipients into div-ulging personal information like pass-words and credit card numbers. Delivering ph-ony messages that seem to be from a reliable source is known as phishing. Em-ail is typically used for this.

The in-tent is to ste-al important information, such as credit card numbers and login cred-entials, or to infect the victim's machine with mal-ware. Informing the user through em-ail that their account has been compromised and will be closed until they confirm their credit card details is what Pay Pal does.

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"Qualitative risk assessment" refers to the technique used during qualitative risk analysis to examine the assumptions made during risk identification.

Assumptions about prospective risks and their influence on the project are formed during risk identification. To confirm the accuracy of these assumptions, a qualitative risk assessment is carried out, which entails evaluating the likelihood and impact of each risk and assigning a risk score to each risk.

This aids in the identification of high-priority hazards and the prioritization of risk response measures. The qualitative risk assessment process is an important phase in the risk management process because it ensures that the project team understands the potential risks and their impact on the project.

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The place that the firm's offering occupies in the mind of the consumer; the sum of all that the consumer thinks and fells about a product, is known as Positioning.

The notion of positioning is distinct from the idea of brand awareness and relates to the position that a brand has in the minds of the consumers as well as how it is set apart from the products of the rivals. Companies may stress a brand's distinctive qualities (what it is, what it does, how it works, etc.) in order to position their goods or they may aim to project the right image through the use of the marketing mix.

It can be challenging to change a brand's positioning once it has established a strong position. Brands must be able to interact with consumers in a genuine way in order to position their products successfully and leave a positive brand recall. Developing a brand persona frequently facilitates this kind of connection.

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The true statement about action plans is that they must be specific so that managers will have a clear understanding of the resource requirements necessary to implement the plan.  

The true statement about action plans is that they must be specific so that managers will have a clear understanding of the resource requirements necessary to implement the plan. It is important for action plans to be specific in order to provide clarity and direction to managers in achieving their goals.

Autonomy to managers and time frames are also important factors to consider, but specificity is a critical component in ensuring successful implementation of the plan. Additionally, accountability should not erode motivation, but rather encourage managers to meet their goals in a timely manner.    

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The accounting system used to assess the specific cost components of producing a product or service is known as a cost accounting system. Cost accounting is a management tool that helps businesses determine the cost of their products and services by tracking and allocating costs to each product or service.

Cost accounting systems are designed to provide accurate information about the cost of producing a particular product or service. This information is then used to make decisions about pricing, production, and other business operations. By accurately tracking costs, businesses can make informed decisions about how to improve their profitability and efficiency.
A cost accounting system typically includes several components, such as cost centers, cost drivers, and cost allocations. Cost centers are areas of the business where costs are incurred, such as production departments or administrative functions. Cost drivers are factors that affect the cost of producing a product or service, such as labor, materials, and overhead. Cost allocations are methods used to distribute costs across different products or services.
Overall, a cost accounting system provides businesses with valuable information about the true cost of producing their products or services. This information can help them make informed decisions about pricing, production, and other business operations, ultimately leading to improved profitability and success.

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Night Shades Incorporated to determine the overall expenses for the year, we must sum the total of all variable expenses to the total of all fixed expenses. Total variable costs equal $15.50 x 200,000, or $3,100,000. The correct answer is c. units 211,709.

Variable cost per unit is equal to total production.Therefore,

$3,100,000 + $500,000

= $3,600,000 as the total cost for the year. We must divide the total fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit to determine the cash break-even point. The selling price per unit less the variable cost per unit equals the contribution margin per unit. Margin of contribution per unit is

$40.50 – $15.50

= $25.00. Cash break-even point is calculated as follows

$500,000 / $25.00

= 20,000 units; total fixed costs; contribution margin per unit.The variable materials cost is $2 per unit, and the variable labor cost is $3.4 per unit.

Complete question:

10 Night Shades Incorporated (NSI) manufactures biotech sunglasses. The variable materials cost is $2 per unit, and the variable labor cost is $3.4 per unit. a. What is the variable cost per unit? Variable cost 5 5.40 nts eBook Print eferences b. Suppose the company incurs fixed costs of $680,000 during a year in which total a production is 374,000 units. What are the total costs for the year? Total cost $ 2,699,600 C. If the selling price is $9.7 per unit, what is the NSI break-even on a cash basis? Cash break-even point 158,140 units Preu d. If depreciation is $187.000 per year, what is the accounting break-even point? Accounting break-even point 158 140

a. units 201,628

b. units 158,140

c. units 211,709

d. units 191,547 units

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In case of WeCare, student child care workers are paid a wage that is option b. less than the value of the marginal product of labor (vmp or sometimes called the marginal revenue product).

When a firm has a monopoly on providing a particular service, they have the power to set the wage for their employees below the value of their marginal product of labor. This is because workers have no other options for employment, so the firm can pay them less than what they are truly worth in the market.

Therefore, in this scenario, WeCare becomes a monopoly, as it is the only firm allowed to provide in-home child care services in the city. When a firm has monopsony power, it has control over the labor market, and this affects the wages paid to workers. In this case, the wages paid to student child care workers would be:
B. Less than the value of the marginal product of labor (VMP or sometimes called the marginal revenue product).

The reason for this is that a monopoly has the power to set wages lower than the VMP since workers have no choice about an employer. The firm will equate the marginal cost of labor (MCL) to the VMP to determine the optimal number of workers to hire, but due to the firm's monopsony power, the wages will be less than the VMP.

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In politics, authenticity is essential because it fosters credibility and trust. Voters are swayed by politicians who exhibit responsibility, openness, security, honesty, and humility.

Authenticity is important in politics because it builds credibility and trust with the electorate. Sincere politicians take ownership of their decisions and actions as a sign of accountability. Their humanness and capacity to relate to voters on a personal level are demonstrated by their vulnerability.

While security suggests that a politician has a feeling of stability and continuity, integrity informs voters that a politician is trustworthy and honest. Humble politicians can acknowledge their errors and grow from them. Therefore, politicians that see its significance in developing connections with the people and winning their confidence employ authenticity.

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The total payment amount at t=4 is approximately $15,432.

To calculate the total payment amount at t=4, we first need to find the present value of the loan. Using the formula PV = FV/(1+r)^n, where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods, we get PV = $22,556.

Next, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity, which is PV = C[(1-(1+r)^-n)/r], where C is the periodic payment and n is the number of periods, to calculate the total of the three payments made at t=1, 2, and 3. Plugging in C=$5,000, r=6%, and n=3, we get PV = $12,553.

Therefore, the remaining balance at t=4 is $10,003 ($22,556 - $12,553), which is the amount that needs to be repaid at maturity.

To find the total payment amount at t=4, we can use the formula for the future value of a lump sum, which is FV = PV(1+r)^n, where FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods. Plugging in PV=$10,003, r=6%, and n=1, we get FV = $10,633.

Adding up the three previous payments and the remaining balance, we get a total payment amount of approximately $15,432, rounded to the nearest dollar.

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a. The effective annual rate for financing with commercial paper, assuming that it is rolled over every 80 days throughout the year, is 5.46%.

b. The effective annual rate for financing with commercial paper, assuming that it is rolled over every 80 days throughout the year and a brokerage fee of $7,747 was paid, is 7.82%.

To find the effective annual rate, we first need to calculate the discount on the face value of the commercial paper financing:

Discount = Face Value - Initial Proceeds

Discount = $800,000 - $787,931

Discount = $12,069

The effective annual rate can be calculated using the following formula:

(1 + i)[tex]^n[/tex] = (Face Value / Initial Proceeds)

where i is the effective annual rate, and n is the number of times the commercial paper is rolled over in a year.

Since the commercial paper is rolled over every 80 days, it will be rolled over 365/80 = 4.56 times in a year.

Substituting the values into the formula:

(1 + i)4.56 = ($800,000 / $787,931)  

Solving for i, we get:

i = [(($800,000 / $787,931)(¹/⁴.⁵⁶)) - 1] x 4.56

i = 0.0546 or 5.46%

Therefore, the effective annual rate for financing with commercial paper, assuming that it is rolled over every 80 days throughout the year, is 5.46%.

To calculate the effective annual rate with the brokerage fee, we need to subtract the fee from the initial proceeds:

Net Proceeds = Initial Proceeds - Brokerage Fee

Net Proceeds = $787,931 - $7,747

Net Proceeds = $780,184

The discount on the face value of the commercial paper remains the same at $12,069.

Substituting the values into the formula used in part a:

(1 + i)⁴.⁵⁶ = ($800,000 / $780,184)

Solving for i, we get:

i = [(($800,000 / $780,184)(¹/⁴.⁵⁶)) - 1] x 4.56

i = 0.0782 or 7.82%

Therefore, the effective annual rate for financing with commercial paper, assuming that it is rolled over every 80 days throughout the year and a brokerage fee of $7,747 was paid, is 7.82%.

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The dollar duration of the fixed-for-floating swap with a swap rate of 2% and annual payments at t=0 is $0.06.

To calculate the dollar duration of the swap, first determine the fixed leg and floating leg present values at t=0:

1. Fixed leg: Multiply the swap rate (2%) by each discount factor Z(t) and sum the results:
Fixed_leg_PV = 2% * (0.98 + 0.95 + 0.92) = 0.06.

2. Floating leg: The present value of the floating leg at t=0 is equal to 1 minus the last discount factor Z(0,3):
Floating_leg_PV = 1 - 0.92 = 0.08.

3. Finally, subtract the floating leg present value from the fixed leg present value to get the dollar duration of the swap:
Dollar_duration = Fixed_leg_PV - Floating_leg_PV = 0.06 - 0.08 = -$0.02.

However, since the question asks for the dollar duration at t=0, we consider only the fixed leg, as the floating leg resets to zero at each payment date. Therefore, the dollar duration of the swap at t=0 is $0.06.

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The given statement is false because assigning all overhead expenses to a single cost pool with one cost driver can lead to inaccurate cost allocation and poor decision-making.

This method assumes that all overhead costs are driven by a single factor, which may not be the case. For example, assigning all overhead costs to a single cost pool based on direct labor hours may not accurately reflect the true cost drivers of the organization.

Activity-based costing (ABC) is a more accurate method of cost allocation for large organizations. ABC uses multiple cost pools with appropriate cost drivers that accurately reflect the activities that drive the costs. By using multiple cost pools and appropriate cost drivers, organizations can make better decisions regarding pricing, product mix, and process improvements.

ABC provides a more accurate picture of the cost structure of a large organization and allows costs to be assigned to specific activities, providing a more accurate understanding of the true cost of producing a product or service.

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The cost of Burnwood's preferred stock is $75.60. This is calculated by subtracting the flotation costs from the market price of the similar stock. $85 - (7% x $70) = $75.60.

Flotation costs are the costs associated with issuing a new security, such as legal fees, underwriting fees, and other administrative costs. In this case, the flotation costs are 7% of the issue price, which is $70, so 7% x $70 = $4.90.

When this amount is subtracted from the market price of the similar stock ($85), the cost of Burnwood's preferred stock is $75.60. This preferred stock will have a par value of $70 and a 5% dividend.

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