Answer: RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter
Explanation:Took the test
The first step that occurs in transcription is that RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.
What is RNA?RNA stands for ribonucleic acid.It is single stranded.Nucleotide consists of: ribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases.Nitrogenous bases are of two types: Purines and Pyrimidines.Purines consists of Adenine and Guanine.Pyrimidines consists of Cytosine and Uracil.Adenine pairs with Uracil whereas Guanine and Cytosine.What do you mean by transcription?"The process in which a gene's DNA sequence is copied (transcribed) to make an RNA molecule is called transcription."It begins when RNA polymerase binds to the promoter (a upstream sequence of DNA when binds to a specific enzyme initiates transcription) sequence of a gene.RNA polymerase is an DNA dependent enzyme used for the synthesis of RNA from DNA.Hence, the correct answer is: RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.
To know more about transcription here
https://brainly.com/question/16945337
#SPJ2
the meaning of photosynthesis
Answer: the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct
Explanation:
Answer:
it is when a green plant or another plant use sunlight to synthesize food from water and carbon dioxide
:
Which of the following areas indicates the occipital lobe on the diagram below? Region A is the anterior (front) section. Region B is the medial (middle) superior (up) section. Region C is the posterior (back) section. Region D is the medial (middle) inferior (down) section. Region D Region B Region C Region A
Answer:
Region C is the posterior (back) section.
Explanation:
The occipital lobe is found at the back of the head.
Hope it helps.
Answer:
C the green highlighted part
Explanation:
Took the test
Which reason best explains why bacteria are good at causing infections in other organisms? It would not be able to divide. Bacteria are transmitted easily and reproduce quickly. Bacteria evolve slowly as they pass on genetic information. Bacteria are easily killed by a host’s immune system or antibiotics.
Answer:
Bacteria are transmitted easily and reproduce quickly
Explanation:
Bacteria are organisms that have a single cell. The process of reproduction of the bacteria is binary fission. The parent cell divides into the daughter cell. The DNA of the parent cell gets copied and gets divided by forming the identical daughter cells. Some bacteria have nutritional values in them while the others are infectious. They can divide at an alarming rate if they receive favorable conditions. Also, they are easily communicable and transmittable. It is because of this reason that the bacteria are good at causing infections in other organisms.
Approximately how much methane does one cow produce per year? How does the greenhouse gas warming effect of methane compare to carbon dioxide? Describe the organisms that digest and ferment the hay inside of the cow’s stomach? How are scientists reducing the amount of methane released from cows?
Answer:
Cattle and other ruminants are significant producers of the greenhouse gas methane—contributing 37 percent of the methane emissions resulting from human activity. A single cow on average produces between 70 and 120 kg of methane per year and, worldwide, there are about 1.5 billion cattle.
While carbon dioxide is typically painted as the bad boy of greenhouse gases, methane is roughly 30 times more potent as a heat-trapping gas. ... As temperatures rise, the relative increase of methane emissions will outpace that of carbon dioxide from these sources, the researchers report.
The cow's rumen is like a large fermentation vat. More than 200 different bacteria and 20 types of protozoa help the cow to utilize fibrous feedstuffs and non-protein nitrogen sources. ... Bacteria adhere to the feed and gradually digest the fermentable material.
“You can probably reduce methane by about 20-25% by altering diet,” he says. One study by researchers at the University of California, Davis, estimated it might be possible to reduce global methane emissions from cows by 15% by changing their diet.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
Place in correct order the following steps in the process of appositional growth of cartilage. a: New matrix is produced and secreted. b: Chondrocytes differentiate, each in its own lacuna. c: Stem cells undergo mitosis. d: Committed cells differentiate into chondroblasts.
Answer:
c: stem cells mitosis stem.
d: the compromised cells differentiate into chondroblasts.
a: New matrix is produced and secreted.
b: Chondrocytes differ, each in its own gap.
Explanation:
The appositional growth of cartilage occurs in an appositional order, thus generating these cartilage structures to give future bone structures or mature cartilages themselves.
In the cartilage of growth of long bones this process happens.
Chondroblasts are differentiated cells that can form the extracellular matrix, and chondrocytes would be the mature form of these that are submerged in their MEC once they reach the secretion limit.
The constant cartilage of cellular, mineral and organic structures, with organic compounds predominating (almost 80 percent are collagen fibers, proteoglycans and glycoproteins), that is why this tissue has a certain elasticity.
A cylinder at left with balls evenly spaced throughout the cylinder has an arrow leading to a cylinder at right cylinder with balls stacked near its bottom. How is energy related to the change of state represented by the model? Atoms gain energy as a gas changes to a solid. Atoms gain energy as a gas changes to a liquid. Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a solid. Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a liquid.
Answer:
C. Atoms lose energy as a gas changes to a solid.
Explanation:
Physical changes of matter take place by adding or removing energy from the matter.
In the given images, The left cylindrical is showing gas phase while the right cylindrical is showing a solid phase.
The process of conversion of gas into solid is called deposition. Deposition process takes place when atoms lose their energy and have high kinetic energy so they directly convert into solid and not into liquid.
Hence, the correct option is "C".
Answer:
c i took the quiz
Explanation:
The Coriolis effect contributes to ________.
a. an increase in eutrophication
b. increased acidic deposition
c. a reduction in eutrophication
d. global warming
e. global wind patterns
The diagram shows two charged objects, A and B.
Based on the field lines, what are the charges of the
objects?
3
A: positive
B: negative
O A: negative
B: positive
O A negative
B: negative
OA: positive
B: positive
A
B)
AR
NAL
Save and Fit
Answer:
A: positive
B: negative
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
Answer
A is positve and B is negitive
Explanation:
In most mammals, the embryo obtains food substances from the mother via the
O Yolk
O Amnion
O Placenta
Uterus
Explanation:
it is through the placenta.
it also protects the embryo from harmful substances
A scientist is observing cells undergoing division and identifies a cell that contains 15 pairs of homologous chromosomes. However, a new technique allows the scientist to determine that several of the chromosomes have exchanged pieces of genetic material with their homolog. The scientist now knows that which of the following is true?
A. The cell is in mitosis and has just completed crossing over
B. The cell is in meiosis II and is ready to complete the second division over
C. The cell is in meiosis and has just undergone crossing
D. The cell is in late anaphase of mitosis
Answer:
B. The cell is in meiosis II and is ready to complete the second division over.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
While sitting at your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. You bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which muscles?
Answer:
Deltoid muscle
Trapezius muscle
Carpel muscle
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Glutes
Abdominal muscles
Label parts A and B in this picture of saprophytes (fungi)
Answer: A- Sporangium
B- Rhizoids
Explanation:
what is a type of emigration where offspring move
away from their parents.
Answer:Dispersal
Explanation: This refers to offspring moving away from their parents. This prevents the offspring from competing with the parents for resources such as light or water. For example, dandelion seeds have “parachutes.” They allow the wind to carry the seeds far from the parents
where do scientist obtain primers to be used in pcr and in this technique
Answer:
Scientist obtain the primers from the DNA polymerases that preform the synthesis which must have an existing strand of nucleotides already in order to attach new DNA nucleotides. The existing strand of new DNA nucleotides is the primers
Explanation:
In order to happen DNA synthesis of a wanted portion of DNA in laboratory,
Scientist obtain the primers from the DNA polymerases that preform the synthesis which must have an existing strand of nucleotides already in order to attach new DNA nucleotides. The existing strand of new DNA nucleotides is the primer. To that existing strand of nucleotides we call primer. In a lab, scientists produce DNA primers through specific sequences that bind to other sequences of a single-thread DNA molecule and these are the primers commonly used to perform PCR.
Ms. Jenson is a young woman who routinely uses a variety of herbal products to treat and prevent diseases. She knows there is a strong history of type 2 diabetes in her family and has read on the Internet about drinking black tea to prevent diabetes. She asks you whether you think that would work for her. What should you tell her?Do you think it is a good option for her?What has research shown out black as a preventive treatment for diabities?where could she find evidence based information about this?
Answer:
You should be advised to use it as a complementary natural treatment in addition to insulin or oral hypoglycemic, since it must be based on quality scientific evidence.
For this you can search in search sources such as PUBMED.
Explanation:
Some research maintains that black tea is responsible for stimulating the secretion of insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas
Briefly explain what was done in the experiment where pigeons could choose which button to peck in the Skinner box. How does this relate to self-control?
In this experiment, Skinner placed a pigeon inside a box that contained a button that when pressed released water or food. This pigeon went through periods of deprivation of water and food, but over time, he realized that when he pecked the button he had access to these two elements. Skinner called this behavior operant behavior, which is the behavior that occurs controlled by its consequences.
Although Skinner did not specifically study self-control, with this experiment, we can make a connection between operant behavior and self-control, since both are behaviors shown as a way to change the environment in which they are inserted, but this change also affects them.
Which statement best describes the relationship of photosynthesis and onorgy?
The process of photosynthesis is onergy storing bocause the process converts light onorgy into chemical energy,
which is stored in the bonds of glucoso,
The process of photosynthesis is onergy-releasing because the process convorts light onorgy into froo onorgy that
can be used for cell functions.
The process of photosynthesis is onergy conserving because no onergy is used throughout the process of forming
glucose and oxygen molecules,
The process of photosynthesis is onergy-wasting because photosynthesis is an inofficient process that doplotos
the cell of energy stored in the bonds of glucose.
The process of photosynthesis is onergy storing bocause the process converts light onorgy into chemical energy,
Compare and contrast the contributions of Neel, Pauling, and Ingram to our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of sickle cell disease (SCD).
He demonstrated that SCD and sickle cell trait were due to the presence of abnormal 8-globin polypeptides in red blood cells. He demonstrated that the electrophhoretic mobility of B-globin from patients with SCD was different from that of healthy individuals. He demonstrated that both parents of multiple patients with SCD had low levels of sickled red blood cells. He hypothesized that SCD was a recessive trait and that the parents of patients with SCD would be heterozygous carriers. He demonstrated that the difference between B-globin polypeptides in individuals who were healthy and those with SCD is an amino acid substitution. He performed a peptide fingerprint analysis on B-globin from individuals with 84 84 and 89 88, which identified the segment of B-globin that was changed by the BS mutation. James Neel Linus Pauling Vernon Ingram
hope it helps..
In imaginary fruit, white fruit color (W) is dominant over yellow fruit color (w) and disk-shaped fruit (D) is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit (d). If a plant true-breeding for white, disk-shaped fruit is crossed with a plant true-breeding for yellow, sphere-shaped fruit, what will the phenotypic ratios be for: Show all work
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
Genotype of a true-breeding white, disk-shaped fruit = WWDD
Genotype of a true-breeding yellow, sphere-shaped fruit = wwdd
Crossing the two:
WWDD x wwdd
WwDd
All the offspring (100%) will have the genotype WwDd with white, disk-shaped phenotype.
Assuming the cross is advanced to F2:
WwDd x WwDd
W_D_ 9 White, disk-shaped (9/16)
W_dd 3 White, sphere-shaped (3/16)
wwD_ 3 Yellow, disk-shaped (3/16)
wwdd 1 Yellow, sphere-shaped (1/16)
(See the attached image for the Punnet's square)
In the wild, various sperm and egg cells must navigate a complex environment to complete fertilization. There are mechanisms in place at the molecular level to guard against interspecies fertilization, even between very closely related species. Some of these mechanisms involve lock and key functions of interacting proteins. These molecules most likely regulate which type of reproductive isolation mechanism? Please explain.
Answer:
pre-zygotic reproductive isolation
Explanation:
The molecules regulate the pre-zygotic reproductive isolation mechanism.
Reproductive isolation generally refers to the variety of biological processes that sustain the formation of new species of biological organisms.
Some of these processes act to prevent fertilization or the formation of zygotes between organisms that are not of the same species (pre-zygotic mechanisms) while others ensure that the product of fertilization is invalid in case the former fails (post-zygotic mechanisms).
Some pre-zygotic mechanisms ensure that there exists no form of mating among organisms that are not of the same species due to incompatible reproductive organs, but where this fails, another pre-zygotic mechanism will act so that that the mating will not lead to fertilization and there will not be formation of zygotes.
The prevention of fertilization between organisms with compatible reproductive organs but of different species is carried out by molecules. These molecules ensure that there are locks and keys in place to prevent the fertilization of the egg by the sperm.
The following models show one large cell (A) and four small cells (B).
O
O
olo
O
00
ОО,
O
A
B.
Which of the following states why one of the models is better for moving
more nutrients in and out of the cell?
O A. A is better because it has more surface area.
The question is incomplete and the diagram is also not given. So the diagram is attached below and the complete question is as follows:
The following models show one large cell (A) and four small cells (B).
Which of the following states why one of the models is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell?
A. B is better because it has more surface area.
B. A is better because it has less surface area.
C. A is better because it has more volume.
D. B is better because it has more volume
Answer:
A. B is better because it has more surface area.
Explanation:
The movement of nutrients in a cell depends on the surface to volume ratio. More is the surface to volume ratio, better will be the movement of nutrients in and out of the cell.
In the given model, small cells (B) has more surface to volume ratio as surface area of B is larger, so, the model B is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell.
Hence, the correct option is "A".
Answer:
B has smaller cells but more surface area than A
Explanation:
B
Which of the following actions involves voluntary muscle movement?
Answer:
what are the options?
Explanation:
Voluntary muscles require a lot more energy than involuntary muscles and remain relaxed when you're not moving, such as when you're asleep.
History has demonstrated that the techniques employed in this laboratory exercise often overestimate an individual's actual resting tidal volume. List some reasons why these laboratory techniques might produce abnormally high values for resting tidal volume.
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
One possible reason here could be the fact that since the person is being watched while doing this exercise, they might tend to breather deeper than they normally do. Secondly, it may also be because the person is trying to make up for the spit filter and flow meter by breathing harder/sharper than they normally would.
Complete the following vocabulary exercise related to DNA replication.Match the words in the left-hand column with the appropriate blank in the sentences in the right-hand column.
1. During DNA replication, an open section of DNA, in which a DNA polymerase can replicate DNA, is called a_______ .
2. After replication is complete, the new DNAs, called_______ , are identical to each other.
3. The enzyme that can replicate DNA is called_______ .
4. _________are the short sections of DNA that are synthesized on the lagging strand of the replicating DNA.
5. The new DNA strand that grows continuously in the 5' to 3' direction is called the________.
leading strand
okazaki fragments
replication fork
DNA polymerase
daughter DNA
Answer:
1. During DNA replication, an open section of DNA, in which a DNA polymerase can replicate DNA, is called a replication fork.
2. After replication is complete, the new DNAs, called daughter DNA , are identical to each other.
3. The enzyme that can replicate DNA is called DNA polymerase.
4. Okazaki fragments are the short sections of DNA that are synthesized on the lagging strand of the replicating DNA.
5. The new DNA strand that grows continuously in the 5' to 3' direction is called the leading strand.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA.
It is a fundamental process in all living organisms that allows for the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two individual strands.
Each of the original strands serves as a template for the synthesis of new DNA occurs. This replication process follows a semi-conservative mechanism.
The correct options are:
Replication forkDaughter DNADNA polymeraseOkazaki fragmentsLeading strandLearn more about DNA replication, here:
https://brainly.com/question/30111562
#SPJ6
Adaptive immunity comprises two branches: humoral immunity and cellular immunity. What are the characteristics of each of the two arms of the adaptive defense system
Answer:
Adaptive or acquired immunity is that we acquire throughout our lives through vaccines (active), breast milk (passive) or injection of specific artificial or natural antibodies to a certain pathogen (passive).
The two great arms of this immunity are the humoral and the cellular.
The humoral refers to the cytokines and immunomodulatory molecules that are responsible for transmitting fundamental messages between defense cells in order to coordinate the destruction of the pathogen between them.
Instead, cellular immunity speaks about cell lineage such as b, t, tcd4 lymphocytes, natural killers, plasmacytes, etc.
It can be said that the humoral factor is the one that coordinates the pathways and the relationships between the cells of the acquired immunity, both are important because the two need each other for adaptive immunity to work.
Explanation:
Examples of the humoral factor: pro and anti inflammatory cytokines, interleukins, complement chain, antibodies, TNF alpha, beta, etc.
Examples of cellular factor: plasmacyst, b lymphocyte, t lymphocyte, NT lymphocyte
Which of the following elements has properties different:han the rest?
ОН
Ок
ON
ОО
What would cause antibodies to attack the cells of the body?
Answer:
In autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, people produce antibodies that stick to their body's own proteins and attack healthy cells.
Explanation:
The muscle that originates on the sacrum and transverse process of each vertebra and inserts on the spinous process of the third or fourth more superior vertebra is the ________ muscle.
Answer:
The muscle that originates on the sacrum and transverse process of each vertebra and inserts on the spinous process of the third or fourth more superior vertebra is the Longissimus muscle
Explanation:
The Longissimus is a group made of three muscles: longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis. It has the length of the vertebral column.
It is placed in the back, and as the statement says, it originates on the sacrum and transverse of each vertebra. Each of them originates at the transverse elements and insert in the costal ones.
Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph? A graph entitled Number of people living with H I V, number of people newly infected with H I V and number of AIDS deaths worldwide from 1990 to 2008 in millions is shown. Year is on the horizontal axis and number of people is on the vertical axis. The number of people living with H I V steadily increases over the years. The number of people newly infected increased from 1990 to 1996 and then began to decrease. The number of deaths due to AIDS increased from 1990 to 2002, and then began to level off and decrease. Since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV. Since 1990, both the number of new HIV infections and the number of deaths due to AIDS has consistently increased. The life span of a person living with HIV has become shorter. Twice as many people were living with HIV in 2008 than in 2000.
Answer: A. Since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV.
Explanation:
The statement "Since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV" best supported by the data in the graph. Hence, option A is correct.
What is HIV?The virus known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) targets the immune system of the body. HIV can cause AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) if it is not treated. Right now, there is no efficient treatment.
Nevertheless, since 1996, there have been fewer new infections. For this reason, we can assume that if we look at the year 2000, we will observe that there was a rise in the number of HIV-positive persons but a decline in the number of HIV-positive people.
Therefore, since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV.
Learn more about HIV, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29767704
#SPJ7
The given question is incomplete, so the most probable image of the question is attached below.
You are the microbiologist in charge of reading the Gram stain for this case. You observe Gram positive cocci, epithelial cells, and neutrophils. List at least two genera of clinically significant bacteria that are consistent with your observations.
Answer:
The genera include...
Mycobacterium
Actinomyces.
Explanation:
The genera Actinomyces and mycobacterium show significant observation of gram positive bacteria because they test positive and give a violet or purple color under microscope when the undergo gram staining which is which uses crystal violet due. They are able to retain the violet color due to their posses of thick peptidoglylcan cell wall.
Actinomyces spp. Of the general actinomyces play an important role in soil ecology, and some species are human pathogens that cause diseases.
Mycobacterium genera example is bacilli which is covered with a mycolic acid coat. This waxy coat protects the bacteria from antibiotics, prevents them from destruction and hinder the penetration by Gram stain reagents. They cause different infectious diseases in humans.