Answer:
The recombination frequency between genes E and B is 0.1 = 10%
Explanation:
Available data:
Cross: BbEeHh x bbeehh
F1) 1000 individuals in total
48 bb ee Hh 36 Bb ee hh 400 Bb ee Hh 4 Bb Ee Hh 426 bb Ee hh 46 Bb Ee hh 38 bb Ee Hh 2 bb ee hhTo know if two genes are linked, we must observe the progeny distribution. In a tri-hybrid cross, If individuals, whose genes assort independently, are test crossed, they produce a progeny with equal phenotypic frequencies 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. If we observe a different distribution, that is that phenotypes appear in different proportions, we can assume that genes are linked in the heterozygote parent.
In the present example, the phenotypic ratio shows different proportions than the expected ones if they were not linked.
We can recognize the parental gametes in the descendants because their phenotypes are the most frequent, while the double recombinants are the less frequent. And simple recombinant gametes produced by the cross, which frequencies are intermediate.
Parentals:
400 Bb ee Hh 426 bb Ee hhDouble recombinants:
4 Bb Ee Hh2 bb ee hhSimple recombinant
48 bb ee Hh 36 Bb ee hh 46 Bb Ee hh 38 bb Ee HhComparing the parental and the double recombinant we will realize that they only change in the position of the alleles E/e. This suggests that the position of the gene E is in the middle of the other two genes, B and H, because in a double recombinant only the central gene changes position in the chromatid.
B------E------H
Now we will call Region I to the area between B and E and Region II to the area between E and H.
Once established the order of the genes we can calculate distances between them, and we will do it from the central gene to the genes on each side. First We will calculate the recombination frequencies, and we will do it by region. We will call P1 to the recombination frequency between B and E genes, and P2 to the recombination frequency between E and H.
P1 = (R + DR) / N
P2 = (R + DR)/ N
Where: R is the number of recombinants in each region, DR is the number of double recombinants in each region, and N is the total number of individuals. To calculate the recombination frequency, we have to know that 1% of recombinations = 1 map unit = 1cm. And that the maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.
So:
• P1 = (R + DR) / N = 48 + 46 + 4 + 2 / 1000 = 100/1000 = 0.1
• P2 = (R + DR)/ N = 36 + 38 + 4 + 2 / 1000 = 80/1000= 0.08
Now, to calculate the recombination frequency between the two extreme genes, B and H, we can just perform addition or a sum:
P1 + P2 = Pt
0.1 + 0.08 = Pt
0.18 = Pt
The genetic distance will result from multiplying that frequency by 100 and expressing it in map units (MU). One centiMorgan (cM) equals one map unit (MU). The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which one of every 100 meiotic products results in a recombinant product.
• P1 = 0.1 x 100 = 10%
• P2 = 0.08 x 100 = 8%
• Pt = 0.18 x 100 = 18 %
What does every living thing have to have? *
Chloroplast
Nucleus
DNA
Answer:
DNA
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Los cloroplastos son los orgánulos celulares que en los organismos eucariotas fotosintetizadores se van ocupando de la fotosíntesis. Están limitados por una envoltura formada por las dos membranas concéntricas y contienen muchas vesículas, los tilacoides, donde se encuentran organizados los pigmentos y demás moléculas que convierten la energía lumínica en energía química, como la clorofila.
El término cloroplastos sirve alternativamente para designar a cualquier plasto dedicado a la fotosíntesis, o específicamente a los plastos verdes propios de las algas verdes y las plantas. Aunque el reciente descubrimiento adiciona a más individuos en la lista, como lo es en el caso de Elysia chlorotica, que al digerir al alga Vaucheria litorea, adquiere los cloroplastos a sus tejidos, y gracias a esto, puede realizar la fotosíntesis.
NEEEDDD HELPPPP ASAPPPPP!!!!NOO ROCKYY
Answer:
4.166
Explanation:
If a base is deleted, a _____ mutation occurs.
A. substitution
B. insertion
C. point
D. frameshift
Answer:
Option D. A frameshift mutation occurs.
Answer:
D. frameshift
Explanation:
If a base is deleted, a frameshift mutation occurs. Hope it helps you !!
Describe the traits that would have existed in early eukaryotes.
Answer:
Early Eukaryotes were single-celled organisms that were present more than 1.6 to 2.1 billion years ago.
Explanation:
-Eukaryotes could be found in a variety of shapes and had a nucleus, a flexible membrane, and a cytoskeleton.
-Early eukaryotes used oxygen in metabolism.
Answer: Many traits found in eukaryotic cells today would have been found in early eukaryotic cells. First, early eukaryotic cells would have had membrane-bound organelles. Also, DNA probably contained introns since this is seen in many eukaryotic cells today. Chromosomes were probably linear in shape. Lastly, these cells would have had mitochondria and membrane-bound organelles. Since these are seen in all eukaryotic cells today, we can infer that they would have been around in early eukaryotes as well.
Explanation:
Just answered it on EDG
What are the four characteristics that that determine to which kingdom an organism belongs?
Answer:
appearance, reproduction, mobility, and functionality
Explanation:
How many digestive glands are there in the body what are they?
is the statement true or false? plant cells have chloroplast, but no mitochondria?
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Plant cells have both but animal cells have only the mitochondria minus the chloroplast.
8. In highly populated regions, large amounts of runoff, caused by
development, can run into nearby streams. This runoff can be warmer
than the existing water in the stream. This warm runoff will most
likely
A. kill some species of fish as they cannot handle the
higher temperature of water.
B. cause the stream to become cleaner by killing
bacteria with the heated water.
C. decrease the amount of nitrogen for plants in the
soil under the water.
D. increase the amount of oxygen available to
organisms in the water.
Answer:
quit just drop out
Explanation:
Explain Newton’s First Law and give an example of it
Answer:
When a person jumps out of a moving vehicle, he falls forward due to inertia of motion. One example of Newton's first law in real life is, when you are walking with a glass filled with water, you will notice that the water spills at certain locations when you walk at faster pace. The water inside the glass will remain at rest until you move.
Explanation:
Answer:Newton's first law states that, if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it is acted upon by a force.
An object at rest stays at rest.
Explanation:
The rate at which an object speed up slow down or change direction is the objects?
Answer:Motion/direction is determined by an arrow
Explanation:
what are the names of the three domains
A.bacteria,archaea,eukaryotic
B.bacteria,archaea,animalia
C.archaea,plantista,animalia
D. Life,animals,plants
Answer:
A. bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic.
Explanation:
Bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic are the three domains of life.
The three domains system was globally implied. The three domains were Archae, Bacteria and Eukarya. The correct answer is option A.
The three domains of Carl Woese's categorization system are archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. The six kingdoms are archaebacteria (ancient bacteria), eubacteria (actual bacteria), protozoa, fungi, plants, and animals.
This classification system divides life into several groups based on differences in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) structure, the lipid composition of the cell membrane, and antibiotic sensitivity. The main distinction from earlier classification schemes is the division of Kingdom Monera into Archaea and Bacteria.
Therefore, the names of three domains given by Carl Woese were Archae, Bacteria and Eukarya i.e. option A.
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Bird species on secluded islands are highly vulnerable to extinction. The large,
flightless dodo birds native to the island of Mauritius were easy prey for predators.
Which of the following most likely contributed to the extinction of the dodo bird?
. ,
A The dodo bird species produced too many offspring.
B) The dodo bird species produced too few off pring.
The dodo bird species produced offspring with no unique traits.
The dodo bird species produced offspring with very unique traits.
Answer: im going to say C
can someone tell me what the function is pls i’ll give brainiest
Answer:
A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria.
A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance. Sometimes a single vacuole can take up most of the interior space of the plant cell.
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate
Explanation:
Lysosome digest worn out cell and destroyed invading viruses and bacteria
Vacuole help to maintain water balance
Mitochondria is produced energy to cell in form of ATP
New forms of drug-resistant bacteria can evolve quickly because
A
when a drug kills most of the bacteria, the ones left to breed are those that have a natural resistance to the drug.
B
when scientists genetically engineer bacteria they use natural selection.
C
scientists use extinction to selectively breed bacteria.
D
a drug causes mutations in the bacteria, leaving only mutated bacteria left to breed.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
When an evolutionary biologist designs an experiment to test a hypothesis, which term is used to describe the variable that the scientist changes among his/her groups of study organisms.
Explanation:
Controlled experiment =An experiment in which only one variable is changed
Independent variable= The variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment
Dependent variable =The variable this is observed and changes in response to the independent variable
The graph below shows changes in the populations of two species that interact only with each other over a period of time.
Which statement best describes these two species?
Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.
Species A is a host and species B is its parasite.
Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.
Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.
The statement that best describes the two species depicted in the graph is option C) Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.
Option A indicates that species A is a producer and species B is its consumer. This means that species B requires the output from species A to survive. Knowing this, we would expect to show that species B increases in population as the population of A increases, due to increased food supply, the graph shows the opposite scenario. Thus, option A is false.
Option B states that perhaps Species A is a host and species B is its parasite. This provides the same conditions and dependencies as option a, so for the same reasons that a is false, we can conclude that option B is false as well.
The final incorrect option is D, Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer. This would mean that as the population of species B dies off, it increases the food supply of Species A which feeds on the decomposing members of species B. We would expect in this case, that species A would flourish as B dies off, however, we see that as species B dies, species A follows shortly after. This tells us that option D is incorrect.
The correct option is C, Species A is a predator and species B is its prey. This would mean that species A consumes the members of species B to survive. Therefore we would expect to see
Species B thrive as the population of A remains lowFollowed by the steep decline of species B's population as more predators begin to appear. Once the population of species B reaches a critical point, species A will not have enough food supply to sustain its population, and both populations would decline.
This is exactly what the graph depicts, so option C is correct.
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How has genetic engineering been used by humans in the past?
what are the functions of the following? (Make it simple)
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
Answer:
Vacuole- Function of vacuole is they help to maintain water and minerals balance in cell.
Cell Membrance- The functions of cell membrane are:
They keep toxic substances out of the cell.It only allows sensitive material to enter and exist in cell.Complementary DNA sequence for ATT-CGA-CTA?
Awnser : TAA-GCT-GAT
Complementary sequence: Nucleic acid sequence of bases that can form a double- stranded structure by matching base pairs. For example, the complementary sequence to C-A-T-G (where each letter stands for one of the bases in DNA) is G-T-A-C.
(Hope This Helped, Give Brainliest If You Dont Mind)
explain why a plant that does not get enough nitrate has weak growth
Answer:
Nitrate deficiency
Explanation:
Plants absorb nitrates in water through their roots. Nitrates are present in high levels in plant fertilisers. Without nitrates, the amount of chlorophyll in leaves reduces. This reduces the plant's ability to photosynthesise and grow properly, which reduces the farmers' crop yield .
A dog is found to have a tapeworm present in their stomach. What type of interaction is present between these two organisms?
Answer:
Palatilism
Explanation:
Due to one organism benefiting (tapeworm ) while the other organism is harmed (dog)
in VDJ recombination occurs in the Group of answer choices variable region of the heavy chain. constant region of the light chain. variable region of the light chain. Both the light and heavy chain.
Answer:
constant region of the light chain.
Explanation:
The VDJ recombination is defined as the process where the T cells as well as the B cells are randomly assembled from the different gene segments. These are mainly known as the variables (V), the diversity (D) and the gene (G). This is done in order to generate the unique receptors which is also called as the antigen receptors so that they can collectively recognize the different types of the molecules. It mainly occurs in the constant region of the light chain.
12. Which has NOT been linked to acid precipitation?
a. Toxic metal poisoning
b. Lower blood pH
c. Respiratory problems
d. Damaged monuments
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Lower blood pH has not been linked to acid precipitation. So, the correct option is (B).
What is Acid Precipitation?Acid rain is defined as rain or any other form of precipitation that is abnormally acidic, meaning that it contains high levels of hydrogen ions. Most water which include drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and averages between 4–5.
Acid rain can be caused by natural causes, such as volcanic eruptions, while acid rain can also caused by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, manufacturing, oil refineries, electricity generation, and vehicles, all of which release sulfur and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere.
Thus, lower blood pH has not been linked to acid precipitation. So, the correct option is (B).
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How do sea anemone catch prey?
stinging it with arms
using its foot
catching it with mouth
stinging it with tentacles
Answer:
Tentacles have specialised stinging cells called nematocysts. They use these to immobilise their prey so that the tentacles are then able to move the food into the mouth.
Explanation:
The layer of connective tissue that surrounds the mucosa of the digestive tract is the ________. Group of answer choices mucosa muscularis layer submucosa adventitia serosa
which of the following best describes how the population evolved ?
Answer:
The population has evolved because there was a change in allele frequencies.
Explanation:
13. Which of these statements about particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter is true?
A. They can cause heart and lung disease.
B. They're produced from nitrogen gas (N.).
C. They're less of a threat than particulate matter that's 10 microns in diameter
D. They're the size of a human hair.
Answer:
Nitrogen Gas
Explanation:
penn foster
lesson 2
page 13
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term.
1. Cartilage is a type of dense ___________________ tissue.
2. The skeleton provides attachment surfaces for __________________.
3. The skeleton maintains ________________ homeostasis.
4. When mineral levels in the blood are too high, bones absorb some of the minerals
and store them as mineral ___________________.
5. Bone matrix is crisscrossed by blood vessels and ___________________.
6. Osteoclasts dissolve minerals in bone ___________________.
7. Bone marrow is found inside the pores of ________________ bone.
8. Early in the development of a human fetus, the skeleton is made entirely of
______________________.
9. By birth, several areas of cartilage remain in the skeleton, including the ends of the
___________________ bones.
10. With the help of muscles, joints work like mechanical ___________________.
11. The surfaces of bones at joints are covered with a smooth layer of cartilage that
reduces ___________________ at the points of contact between the bones.
12. Immovable joints allow no movement because the bones at these joints are held
securely together by dense ___________________.
PLZ help me I’m too slow
Some kidney diseases cause a change in the permeability of glomerular capillaries making them more permeable to plasma proteins. This changes the colloid osmotic pressure, thus drawing water out of the blood and into tissues. The result is
Answer:
The correct answer is edema.
Explanation:
When the capillaries or the tiny blood vessels within the body leak fluid, the condition known as edema takes place. This fluid accumulates in the tissues surrounding it, resulting in inflammation. Edema generally takes place due to mild conditions like consuming more salt, staying or sitting in one position for a long duration, and others.
However, in some situations, edema can also be a sign of an extreme medical condition like kidney disease. During kidney disease, the sodium and additional fluid within the circulation may result in edema. The edema related to kidney disease generally takes place around the eyes and in the legs.